构建多维度表观毛孔分级体系与客观分级图谱。选择120名受毛孔问题困扰受试者,采用VISIA-CR测试仪和Sebumeter SM 815测量仪收集数据,并利用自建的2D图像处理算法进行图像分析,通过因子分析方法建立表观毛孔指数评价算法模型,同时建立...构建多维度表观毛孔分级体系与客观分级图谱。选择120名受毛孔问题困扰受试者,采用VISIA-CR测试仪和Sebumeter SM 815测量仪收集数据,并利用自建的2D图像处理算法进行图像分析,通过因子分析方法建立表观毛孔指数评价算法模型,同时建立分级图谱,并对该评估体系进行验证。使用油脂含量、毛孔周围皮肤颜色(L^(*)值、a^(*)值、b^(*)值)、毛孔尺寸(毛孔个数、毛孔面积、毛孔面积占比和毛孔直径)等指标建模,得到公式:表观毛孔指数=0.546^(*)毛孔尺寸因子+0.296^(*)毛孔颜色因子+0.157^(*)油脂因子。构建了一个将毛孔分为轻、中、重3个等级的分级图谱,随着等级升高模型得分升高。经验证,Kappa系数为0.72(p<0.01),说明两种方法具有高度一致性,表明模型和分级图谱的准确性和可靠性较高。本研究建立了客观量化的数学模型和直观的图谱用于判定表观毛孔等级,为毛孔问题的精准评估及后续护理产品的开发提供了科学依据。展开更多
(±)-Talapyrones A−F(1−6),six pairs of dimeric polyketide enantiomers featuring unusual 6/6/6 and 6/6/6/5 ring systems,were isolated from the fungus Talaromyces adpressus.Their structures were determined by spectr...(±)-Talapyrones A−F(1−6),six pairs of dimeric polyketide enantiomers featuring unusual 6/6/6 and 6/6/6/5 ring systems,were isolated from the fungus Talaromyces adpressus.Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and HR-ESI-MS data,and their absolute configurations were elucidated using a modified Mosher’s method and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations.(±)-Talapyrones A−F(1−6)possess a 6/6/6 tricyclic skeleton,presumably formed through a Michael addition reaction between one molecule ofα-pyrone derivative and one molecule of C8 poly-β-keto chain.In addition,compounds 2/3 and 4/5 are two pairs of C-18 epimers,respectively.Putative biosynthetic pathways of 1−6 were discussed.展开更多
UGT(UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase)family members are mainly involved in the modification of secondary metabolites,as well as plant stress responses.Previously,we identified the UGT gene MdUGT88F4 from Malus spp.In...UGT(UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase)family members are mainly involved in the modification of secondary metabolites,as well as plant stress responses.Previously,we identified the UGT gene MdUGT88F4 from Malus spp.In order to verify whether it had biological function in apple plants,we generated transgenic apple plants overexpressed MdUGT88F4 and treated them with salt stress.The results showed that it conferred enhanced salt stress tolerance in transgenic‘GL-3’apple(Malus domestica)plants.The expression of MdUGT88F4 was induced by salt stress,and overexpression of this gene alleviated the inhibitory effects of salt stress on the growth of apple plants.After 15 days of salt stress treatment(100 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl),necrotic spots were present on the leaves of wild-type(WT)plants,and none were observed on the leaves of transgenic plants overexpressing MdUGT88F4(OX).The relative electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content were lower and the total chlorophyll content and the relative water content were higher in OX plants than in WT plants.The photosynthetic efficiency was higher in OX plants than in WT plants under salt stress,which was consistent with their larger stomatal aperture;this might stem from a reduction in the content of abscisic acid.The production of reactive oxygen species was lower and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were higher in OX plants than in WT plants.In addition,OX plants accumulated less Na^(+)but more K^(+)than WT plants,and the expression of several genes involved in Na^(+)transport was upregulated in OX plants.MdUGT88F4 failed to promote the accumulation of isosalipurposide in vivo,and it was involved in isosalipurposide synthesis.Most of the flavonoid metabolites accumulated to a greater degree in OX plants than in WT plants.In summary,our results show that MdUGT88F4 positively regulates the salt stress response in apple plants,possibly by affecting stomatal movement,as well as the accumulation of ions and flavonoids.Our findings enhance our understanding of the metabolic mechanisms by which UGT proteins ameliorate the effects of salt stress in plants.展开更多
Inorganic phosphate(Pi)homeostasis in plants is regulated by inositol pyrophosphates(PP-InsPs),which mediate phosphate starvation responses.While beneficial microorganisms,such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,contribu...Inorganic phosphate(Pi)homeostasis in plants is regulated by inositol pyrophosphates(PP-InsPs),which mediate phosphate starvation responses.While beneficial microorganisms,such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,contribute to phosphate uptake,pathogenic fungi often exploit phosphate metabolism to enhance virulence.However,the exact mechanisms by which pathogens manipulate plant phosphate signaling remain largely unknown.Here,we highlight a recent study by Ulrich Schaffrath and colleagues(Science,2025)revealing that plant pathogenic fungi deploy conserved Nudix hydrolase effectors to hydrolyze PP-InsPs,thereby mimicking phosphate starvation and suppressing host immunity.These findings not only expand our understanding of plantpathogen interactions,but also open new avenues for crop protection and resistance breeding.展开更多
The Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe Oilfield are highly heterogeneous, which have undergone multiple superimposed transformations by tectonic activities and karst processes, leading to an extremely complex...The Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe Oilfield are highly heterogeneous, which have undergone multiple superimposed transformations by tectonic activities and karst processes, leading to an extremely complex fluid distribution. The geochemical characteristics of geofluids also display great disparities. Results show that the vertical distribution of oil and gas are continuous, however the oil-water interfaces in different blocks of the Tahe Ordovician Oilfield are numerous. Meteoric water infiltration is regarded as the main reason for the high oil-water interface and high water content to the north of Tahe Oilfield, especially in well blocks S78–S73. The isotopic values of deuterium-oxygen in the groundwater and carbon-oxygen from calcite veins confirm that formation water in Ordovician reservoirs of the Tahe Oilfield was a mix of meteoric water and connate water, and the proportion of meteoric water gradually increases from south to north, while connate water decreases. The Tahe Ordovician reservoirs are characterised by multiple hydrocarbon charges, and the general migrating direction is from southeast to northwest and from east to west. High production could be obtained in the northern area of the Tahe Oilfield since the oil layers are thick and oil is highly saturated. The residual water within the reservoirs is low, and heavy oil is dominant in this area. Only a small amount of pore water has been replaced by oil in the southern Tahe Oilfield, leading to low oil saturation and a high content of residual water. Crude oil is herein mainly of medium-light type. During the process of exploration in this region, acid fracturing reformation is usually required for wells to increase their output; however the yield is still low.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of bacilli Galmette-Gurin(BCG)-polysaccharide nuceic acid on atopic dermatitis in mice and its mechanism.Methods:Forty NC/Nga mice were selected and randomly divided into Group A(model ...Objective:To explore the effect of bacilli Galmette-Gurin(BCG)-polysaccharide nuceic acid on atopic dermatitis in mice and its mechanism.Methods:Forty NC/Nga mice were selected and randomly divided into Group A(model group),Group B(dexamethasone treatment group),Group C(BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid treatment group) and Group D(control group) with 10 mice in each group.Atopic dermatitis model were constructed by applying 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene on the skin of the mice.Mice in Group D were treated with acetone solution(100 μ L) on the foot pad and abdomen after hair removal at the age of 7 weeks.then on ear skin at the age of 8-13 weeks.For mice in A,B and C groups,100 μL of acetone solution containing 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene was applied to the foot pad and the abdomen at the age of 7 weeks,then on ear skins at the age of8 to 13 weeks.At the age of 7-13 weeks,mice in Group A and Group D were treated with 100 μL saline(i.p.);mice were given dexamethasone(0.1 mL/kg,i.p.) every other day for 7 weeks in Group B;mice were treated with BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid(0.5 mg/kg,i.p.) every other day for7 weeks in Group C.The ear thickness was measured every week and the scratching frequency was recorded 1 times for 10 min a week.The mice were sacrificed after the last administration of drugs,IgE,IL-4,IL-10,IL-I2 and IFN- γ in the plasma were detected using ELISA,and RT-PCR method was employed to detect the concentrations of IL-4,IL-10,IL-12 and IFN- γ proteins.After IIK staining,the lesion degree of inflammation in ear tissue was observed microscopically.Results:The ear thickness and scratching frequency of Group A were significantly higher than those in group B,C and D(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between Group B and C(P>0.05);the concentrations of IgE,IL-4 and IL-10 in the plasma and the expression of IL-4,IL-10 mRNA in the spleen tissues of Group A,B and C were all significantly higher than those of Group D(P<0.05);the concentrations of plasma IL-12 and IFN- γ,and spleen protein expression of IL-12 and IFN- γ in Group C mice were significantly higher than those of Group A(P<0.05).Histological observation showed obvious ear tissue exudation,erythema,swelling,desquamation of skin,and scabbing in Group A.Histopathology of the skin lesion also showed hyperkeratosis,focal-parakeratosis,stratum spinosum hypertrophy,mild sponge-like edema,a large number of lymphocytes along with plasma cell infiltration in dermis,angiectasis and hyperemia in Group A,while degree of ear skin lesion in Group B and D mice was significandy lighter than that of Group A.Conclusions:BCC polysaccharide nucleic acid can significandy reduce the serum IgE concentrations,increase the expression of IL-12,IFN- γ protein,correct the imbalance of Th1/Th2 in atopic dermatitis mice,and has obvious inhibitory effect on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice.展开更多
The ferrocene(Fc)-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are regarded as compelling platforms for the construction of efficient and robust oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts due to their superior conductivity...The ferrocene(Fc)-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are regarded as compelling platforms for the construction of efficient and robust oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts due to their superior conductivity and flexible electronic structure.Herein,density functional theory simulations were addressed to predict the electronic structure regulations of CoFc-MOF by nickel doping,which demonstrated that the well-proposed CoNiFc-MOFs delivered a small energy barrier,promoted conductivity,and well-regulated d-band center.Inspired by these,a series of sea-urchin-like CoNiFc-MOFs were successfully synthesized via a facile solvothermal method.Moreover,the synchrotron X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements manifested that the introduction of nickel could tailor the electronic structure of the catalyst and induce the directional transfer of electrons,thus optimizing the rate-determining step of^(*)O→^(*)OOH during the OER process and yielding decent overpotentials of 209 and 252 mV at 10 and 200 mA cm^(−2),respectively,with a small Tafel slope of 39 mV dec^(−1).This work presents a new paradigm for developing highly efficient and durable MOF-based electrocatalysts for OER.展开更多
There are well-established chemical and turbidity anomalies in the plumes occurring vicinity of hydrothermal vents, which are used to indicate their existence and locations. We here develop a small, accurate multi-cha...There are well-established chemical and turbidity anomalies in the plumes occurring vicinity of hydrothermal vents, which are used to indicate their existence and locations. We here develop a small, accurate multi-channel chemical sensor to detect such anomalies which can be used in deep-sea at depths of more than 4 000 m. The design allowed five all-solid-state electrodes to be mounted on it and each (apart from one reference electrode) could be changed according to chemicals to be measured. Two experiments were conducted using the chemical sensors. The first was a shallow-sea trial which included sample measurements and in situ monitoring. pH, Eh, CO3^2- and SO4^2- electrodes were utilized to demonstrate that the chemical sensor was accurate and stable outside the laboratory. In the second experiment, the chemical sensor was integrated with pH, Eh, CO3^2- and H2S electrodes, and was used in 29 scans of the seabed along the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) to detect hydrothermal vents, from which 27 sets of valid data were obtained. Hydrothermal vents were identified by analyzing the chemical anomalies, the primary judging criteria were decreasing voltages of Eh and H2S, matched by increasing voltages of pH and CO3^2- . We proposed that simultaneous detection of changes in these parameters will indicate a hydrothermal vent. Amongst the 27 valid sets of data, five potential hydrothermal vents were targeted using the proposed method. We suggest that our sensors could be widely employed by marine scientists.展开更多
Ulcerative colitis in addition to inflammatory polyposis is common.The benign sequel of ulcerative colitis can sometimes mimic colorectal carcinoma.This report describes a rare case of inflammatory polyposis with hund...Ulcerative colitis in addition to inflammatory polyposis is common.The benign sequel of ulcerative colitis can sometimes mimic colorectal carcinoma.This report describes a rare case of inflammatory polyposis with hundreds of inflammatory polyps in ulcerative colitiswhich was not easy to distinguish from other polyposis syndromes.A 16-year-old Chinese male suffering from ulcerative colitis for 6 mo underwent colonoscopy,and hundreds of polyps were observed in the sigmoid,causing colonic stenosis.The polyps were restricted to the sigmoid.Although rectal inflammation was detected,no polyps were found in the rectum.A diagnosis of inflammatory polyposis and ulcerative colitis was made.The patient underwent total colectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis.The patient recovered well and was discharged on postoperative day 8.Endoscopic surveillance after surgery is crucial as ulcerative colitis with polyposis is a risk factor for colorectal cancer.Recognition of polyposis requires clinical,endoscopic and histopathologic correlation,and helps with chemoprophylaxis of colorectal cancer,as the drugs used postoperatively for colorectal cancer,ulcerative colitis and polyposis are different.展开更多
High resolution and full-color light-emitting diodes require precise and efficient patterning of light-emitting structures containing quantum dots or nanocrystals.We report light-induced inverted patterning of nanocry...High resolution and full-color light-emitting diodes require precise and efficient patterning of light-emitting structures containing quantum dots or nanocrystals.We report light-induced inverted patterning of nanocrystals in glasses for micro-light-emitting diodes.Ultrafast laser pulse induces structural destruction and amorphization of nanocrystals in glasses,forming inverted luminescent patterns.High-throughput patterning of micrometer-scale,thermally stable,and highly photoluminescent structures in nanocrystals embedded glass is realized.This patterning method provides a novel way to fabricate high-performance and ultrahigh-resolution color conversion layers for micrometer-scale light-emitting diodes.展开更多
Recent studies have shown that specific geochemical characteristics of sediments can be used to reconstruct past methane seepage events.In this work,the correlation between the Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios of sediment sampl...Recent studies have shown that specific geochemical characteristics of sediments can be used to reconstruct past methane seepage events.In this work,the correlation between the Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios of sediment samples is analyzed and the sulfate concentration profile in Site C14 from cold-seep sediments in the Qiongdongnan Basin in northern South China Sea is obtained.The results confirmed that,sulfate at 0–247 cm below sea floor(Unit I)is mainly consumed by organic matter sulfate reduction(OSR),while sulfate at 247–655 cm(UnitⅡ)is consumed by both the OSR and the anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM).In addition,the bottom sediment layer is affected by weak methane seepage.The Mo and U enrichment factors also exhibit similar trends in their respective depth profiles.The responses of trace elements,including Co/Al,Ni/Al,Cr/Al and Zn/Al ratios to methane seepage allowed the study of depositional conditions and methane seepage events.Based on the results,it is speculated that the depositional conditions of UnitⅡchanged with depth from moderate conditions of sulfidic and oxic conditions to locally anoxic conditions,and finally to suboxic conditions due to methane fluid leakage.The stable isotope values of chromium-reducible sulfide produced by AOM and those of sulfide formed by OSR in the early diagenetic environment suffered serious depletion of 34S.This was probably due to weak methane leakage,which caused the slower upward diffusion and the effect of early diagenesis on the samples.It is necessary to consider the effects of depositional environments and diagenesis on these geochemical parameters.展开更多
This article revealed two valuable case reports about two young females suffered tuberculous meningitis after cesarean section.After antituberculous therapy,the condition of one patient improved and the other one beca...This article revealed two valuable case reports about two young females suffered tuberculous meningitis after cesarean section.After antituberculous therapy,the condition of one patient improved and the other one became deteriorated.展开更多
Pruning as an important agronomic operation plays a crucial role in the regulation of tea plant growth,development and dry tea quality.The effects of different pruning operations on the plant growth,phytohormones and ...Pruning as an important agronomic operation plays a crucial role in the regulation of tea plant growth,development and dry tea quality.The effects of different pruning operations on the plant growth,phytohormones and transcriptome profiles of the following spring tea shoots were studied.Pruning-treated samples had generally increased median of the weight of 100 buds(two leaves and one bud,15.5−20.5 g)and longer stem diameter(1.7−1.8 mm)whereas shorter shoot length(34.6−59.2 mm)at the stage of two leaves and one bud,compared with unpruned samples(14.0 g,1.7 mm,87.4 mm),among which heavy pruning in mid April and early May greatly accelerated the development of the following spring tea shoots.The levels of phytohormones(auxin,gibberellin 1,gibberellin 3,and trans-zeatin)were significantly increased in the spring buds of tea plants heavily pruned in May.The KEGG result indicated that the pathways of plant–pathogen interaction,plant hormone signal transduction and circadian rhythm were regulated by different pruning treatments.Heavy pruning in April or May,without autumn pruning was suitable for producing premium green tea due to the early development and the higher weight of 100 buds.This study provides scientific guidance to regulate the growth of the following spring tea shoots using plant pruning operations.展开更多
This paper develops a model for analyzing the potential of longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs) related to pre- and post-haulage in the intermodal rail-road transport chain (IRT). The paper considers the combined econom...This paper develops a model for analyzing the potential of longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs) related to pre- and post-haulage in the intermodal rail-road transport chain (IRT). The paper considers the combined economic and emission costs among three different transport networks including intermodal rail-road transport with current Swedish regulatory framework for trucks, intermodal rail-road transport with LHVs, and direct-road transport. The objective is to analyse the potential of high-capacity transport associated with pre- and post-haulage for enhancing the competitiveness of intermodal transport from a full-costs perspective. The model developed is applied to a Swedish context and case study. Research findings reveal that the break-even of the IRT compared to the direct road transport could be significantly lowered, which suggests the LHVs contribute to exploring the market of IRT over smaller flows.展开更多
文摘构建多维度表观毛孔分级体系与客观分级图谱。选择120名受毛孔问题困扰受试者,采用VISIA-CR测试仪和Sebumeter SM 815测量仪收集数据,并利用自建的2D图像处理算法进行图像分析,通过因子分析方法建立表观毛孔指数评价算法模型,同时建立分级图谱,并对该评估体系进行验证。使用油脂含量、毛孔周围皮肤颜色(L^(*)值、a^(*)值、b^(*)值)、毛孔尺寸(毛孔个数、毛孔面积、毛孔面积占比和毛孔直径)等指标建模,得到公式:表观毛孔指数=0.546^(*)毛孔尺寸因子+0.296^(*)毛孔颜色因子+0.157^(*)油脂因子。构建了一个将毛孔分为轻、中、重3个等级的分级图谱,随着等级升高模型得分升高。经验证,Kappa系数为0.72(p<0.01),说明两种方法具有高度一致性,表明模型和分级图谱的准确性和可靠性较高。本研究建立了客观量化的数学模型和直观的图谱用于判定表观毛孔等级,为毛孔问题的精准评估及后续护理产品的开发提供了科学依据。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA0910500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U22A20380,82173706,and 82104028)the Science and Technology Major Project of Hubei Province(No.2021ACA012).
文摘(±)-Talapyrones A−F(1−6),six pairs of dimeric polyketide enantiomers featuring unusual 6/6/6 and 6/6/6/5 ring systems,were isolated from the fungus Talaromyces adpressus.Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and HR-ESI-MS data,and their absolute configurations were elucidated using a modified Mosher’s method and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations.(±)-Talapyrones A−F(1−6)possess a 6/6/6 tricyclic skeleton,presumably formed through a Michael addition reaction between one molecule ofα-pyrone derivative and one molecule of C8 poly-β-keto chain.In addition,compounds 2/3 and 4/5 are two pairs of C-18 epimers,respectively.Putative biosynthetic pathways of 1−6 were discussed.
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Grant No.2023-JC-YB-170)the earmarked fund for the China Agricultural Research System(Grant No.CARS-27)the Key S&T Special Projects of Shannxi Province(Grant No.2020zdzx03-01-02)。
文摘UGT(UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase)family members are mainly involved in the modification of secondary metabolites,as well as plant stress responses.Previously,we identified the UGT gene MdUGT88F4 from Malus spp.In order to verify whether it had biological function in apple plants,we generated transgenic apple plants overexpressed MdUGT88F4 and treated them with salt stress.The results showed that it conferred enhanced salt stress tolerance in transgenic‘GL-3’apple(Malus domestica)plants.The expression of MdUGT88F4 was induced by salt stress,and overexpression of this gene alleviated the inhibitory effects of salt stress on the growth of apple plants.After 15 days of salt stress treatment(100 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl),necrotic spots were present on the leaves of wild-type(WT)plants,and none were observed on the leaves of transgenic plants overexpressing MdUGT88F4(OX).The relative electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content were lower and the total chlorophyll content and the relative water content were higher in OX plants than in WT plants.The photosynthetic efficiency was higher in OX plants than in WT plants under salt stress,which was consistent with their larger stomatal aperture;this might stem from a reduction in the content of abscisic acid.The production of reactive oxygen species was lower and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were higher in OX plants than in WT plants.In addition,OX plants accumulated less Na^(+)but more K^(+)than WT plants,and the expression of several genes involved in Na^(+)transport was upregulated in OX plants.MdUGT88F4 failed to promote the accumulation of isosalipurposide in vivo,and it was involved in isosalipurposide synthesis.Most of the flavonoid metabolites accumulated to a greater degree in OX plants than in WT plants.In summary,our results show that MdUGT88F4 positively regulates the salt stress response in apple plants,possibly by affecting stomatal movement,as well as the accumulation of ions and flavonoids.Our findings enhance our understanding of the metabolic mechanisms by which UGT proteins ameliorate the effects of salt stress in plants.
基金the financial support from China Youth Science Foundation(22207037).
文摘Inorganic phosphate(Pi)homeostasis in plants is regulated by inositol pyrophosphates(PP-InsPs),which mediate phosphate starvation responses.While beneficial microorganisms,such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,contribute to phosphate uptake,pathogenic fungi often exploit phosphate metabolism to enhance virulence.However,the exact mechanisms by which pathogens manipulate plant phosphate signaling remain largely unknown.Here,we highlight a recent study by Ulrich Schaffrath and colleagues(Science,2025)revealing that plant pathogenic fungi deploy conserved Nudix hydrolase effectors to hydrolyze PP-InsPs,thereby mimicking phosphate starvation and suppressing host immunity.These findings not only expand our understanding of plantpathogen interactions,but also open new avenues for crop protection and resistance breeding.
基金jointly supported by the State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation (No. PLC201002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40839902)the National Science & Technology Major Project (Nos. 2011ZX05005-003-008HZ and 2011ZX05002-006-003HZ)
文摘The Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe Oilfield are highly heterogeneous, which have undergone multiple superimposed transformations by tectonic activities and karst processes, leading to an extremely complex fluid distribution. The geochemical characteristics of geofluids also display great disparities. Results show that the vertical distribution of oil and gas are continuous, however the oil-water interfaces in different blocks of the Tahe Ordovician Oilfield are numerous. Meteoric water infiltration is regarded as the main reason for the high oil-water interface and high water content to the north of Tahe Oilfield, especially in well blocks S78–S73. The isotopic values of deuterium-oxygen in the groundwater and carbon-oxygen from calcite veins confirm that formation water in Ordovician reservoirs of the Tahe Oilfield was a mix of meteoric water and connate water, and the proportion of meteoric water gradually increases from south to north, while connate water decreases. The Tahe Ordovician reservoirs are characterised by multiple hydrocarbon charges, and the general migrating direction is from southeast to northwest and from east to west. High production could be obtained in the northern area of the Tahe Oilfield since the oil layers are thick and oil is highly saturated. The residual water within the reservoirs is low, and heavy oil is dominant in this area. Only a small amount of pore water has been replaced by oil in the southern Tahe Oilfield, leading to low oil saturation and a high content of residual water. Crude oil is herein mainly of medium-light type. During the process of exploration in this region, acid fracturing reformation is usually required for wells to increase their output; however the yield is still low.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of bacilli Galmette-Gurin(BCG)-polysaccharide nuceic acid on atopic dermatitis in mice and its mechanism.Methods:Forty NC/Nga mice were selected and randomly divided into Group A(model group),Group B(dexamethasone treatment group),Group C(BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid treatment group) and Group D(control group) with 10 mice in each group.Atopic dermatitis model were constructed by applying 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene on the skin of the mice.Mice in Group D were treated with acetone solution(100 μ L) on the foot pad and abdomen after hair removal at the age of 7 weeks.then on ear skin at the age of 8-13 weeks.For mice in A,B and C groups,100 μL of acetone solution containing 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene was applied to the foot pad and the abdomen at the age of 7 weeks,then on ear skins at the age of8 to 13 weeks.At the age of 7-13 weeks,mice in Group A and Group D were treated with 100 μL saline(i.p.);mice were given dexamethasone(0.1 mL/kg,i.p.) every other day for 7 weeks in Group B;mice were treated with BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid(0.5 mg/kg,i.p.) every other day for7 weeks in Group C.The ear thickness was measured every week and the scratching frequency was recorded 1 times for 10 min a week.The mice were sacrificed after the last administration of drugs,IgE,IL-4,IL-10,IL-I2 and IFN- γ in the plasma were detected using ELISA,and RT-PCR method was employed to detect the concentrations of IL-4,IL-10,IL-12 and IFN- γ proteins.After IIK staining,the lesion degree of inflammation in ear tissue was observed microscopically.Results:The ear thickness and scratching frequency of Group A were significantly higher than those in group B,C and D(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between Group B and C(P>0.05);the concentrations of IgE,IL-4 and IL-10 in the plasma and the expression of IL-4,IL-10 mRNA in the spleen tissues of Group A,B and C were all significantly higher than those of Group D(P<0.05);the concentrations of plasma IL-12 and IFN- γ,and spleen protein expression of IL-12 and IFN- γ in Group C mice were significantly higher than those of Group A(P<0.05).Histological observation showed obvious ear tissue exudation,erythema,swelling,desquamation of skin,and scabbing in Group A.Histopathology of the skin lesion also showed hyperkeratosis,focal-parakeratosis,stratum spinosum hypertrophy,mild sponge-like edema,a large number of lymphocytes along with plasma cell infiltration in dermis,angiectasis and hyperemia in Group A,while degree of ear skin lesion in Group B and D mice was significandy lighter than that of Group A.Conclusions:BCC polysaccharide nucleic acid can significandy reduce the serum IgE concentrations,increase the expression of IL-12,IFN- γ protein,correct the imbalance of Th1/Th2 in atopic dermatitis mice,and has obvious inhibitory effect on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice.
基金Changjiang Scholars Program of the Ministry of Education,Grant/Award Number:Q2018270Outstanding Youth Funding of Anhui Province,Grant/Award Number:OUFAH 1908085J10+2 种基金Jiangsu Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program,Grant/Award Number:202111117079YNatural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BK20200044National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:NSFC 21671004,NSFC 21975001,NSFC U1904215。
文摘The ferrocene(Fc)-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are regarded as compelling platforms for the construction of efficient and robust oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts due to their superior conductivity and flexible electronic structure.Herein,density functional theory simulations were addressed to predict the electronic structure regulations of CoFc-MOF by nickel doping,which demonstrated that the well-proposed CoNiFc-MOFs delivered a small energy barrier,promoted conductivity,and well-regulated d-band center.Inspired by these,a series of sea-urchin-like CoNiFc-MOFs were successfully synthesized via a facile solvothermal method.Moreover,the synchrotron X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements manifested that the introduction of nickel could tailor the electronic structure of the catalyst and induce the directional transfer of electrons,thus optimizing the rate-determining step of^(*)O→^(*)OOH during the OER process and yielding decent overpotentials of 209 and 252 mV at 10 and 200 mA cm^(−2),respectively,with a small Tafel slope of 39 mV dec^(−1).This work presents a new paradigm for developing highly efficient and durable MOF-based electrocatalysts for OER.
基金The Open Foundation of Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry,SOA under contract No.LMEB201701
文摘There are well-established chemical and turbidity anomalies in the plumes occurring vicinity of hydrothermal vents, which are used to indicate their existence and locations. We here develop a small, accurate multi-channel chemical sensor to detect such anomalies which can be used in deep-sea at depths of more than 4 000 m. The design allowed five all-solid-state electrodes to be mounted on it and each (apart from one reference electrode) could be changed according to chemicals to be measured. Two experiments were conducted using the chemical sensors. The first was a shallow-sea trial which included sample measurements and in situ monitoring. pH, Eh, CO3^2- and SO4^2- electrodes were utilized to demonstrate that the chemical sensor was accurate and stable outside the laboratory. In the second experiment, the chemical sensor was integrated with pH, Eh, CO3^2- and H2S electrodes, and was used in 29 scans of the seabed along the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) to detect hydrothermal vents, from which 27 sets of valid data were obtained. Hydrothermal vents were identified by analyzing the chemical anomalies, the primary judging criteria were decreasing voltages of Eh and H2S, matched by increasing voltages of pH and CO3^2- . We proposed that simultaneous detection of changes in these parameters will indicate a hydrothermal vent. Amongst the 27 valid sets of data, five potential hydrothermal vents were targeted using the proposed method. We suggest that our sensors could be widely employed by marine scientists.
文摘Ulcerative colitis in addition to inflammatory polyposis is common.The benign sequel of ulcerative colitis can sometimes mimic colorectal carcinoma.This report describes a rare case of inflammatory polyposis with hundreds of inflammatory polyps in ulcerative colitiswhich was not easy to distinguish from other polyposis syndromes.A 16-year-old Chinese male suffering from ulcerative colitis for 6 mo underwent colonoscopy,and hundreds of polyps were observed in the sigmoid,causing colonic stenosis.The polyps were restricted to the sigmoid.Although rectal inflammation was detected,no polyps were found in the rectum.A diagnosis of inflammatory polyposis and ulcerative colitis was made.The patient underwent total colectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis.The patient recovered well and was discharged on postoperative day 8.Endoscopic surveillance after surgery is crucial as ulcerative colitis with polyposis is a risk factor for colorectal cancer.Recognition of polyposis requires clinical,endoscopic and histopathologic correlation,and helps with chemoprophylaxis of colorectal cancer,as the drugs used postoperatively for colorectal cancer,ulcerative colitis and polyposis are different.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province (No.2021BAA206).
文摘High resolution and full-color light-emitting diodes require precise and efficient patterning of light-emitting structures containing quantum dots or nanocrystals.We report light-induced inverted patterning of nanocrystals in glasses for micro-light-emitting diodes.Ultrafast laser pulse induces structural destruction and amorphization of nanocrystals in glasses,forming inverted luminescent patterns.High-throughput patterning of micrometer-scale,thermally stable,and highly photoluminescent structures in nanocrystals embedded glass is realized.This patterning method provides a novel way to fabricate high-performance and ultrahigh-resolution color conversion layers for micrometer-scale light-emitting diodes.
基金The Program of Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No.ISEE2018YB03the Special Project for Marine Economy Development of Guangdong Province under contract No.GDME-2018D002+1 种基金the Evaluation and Detection Technology Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology under contract No.KC201703the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS under contract No.201432
文摘Recent studies have shown that specific geochemical characteristics of sediments can be used to reconstruct past methane seepage events.In this work,the correlation between the Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios of sediment samples is analyzed and the sulfate concentration profile in Site C14 from cold-seep sediments in the Qiongdongnan Basin in northern South China Sea is obtained.The results confirmed that,sulfate at 0–247 cm below sea floor(Unit I)is mainly consumed by organic matter sulfate reduction(OSR),while sulfate at 247–655 cm(UnitⅡ)is consumed by both the OSR and the anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM).In addition,the bottom sediment layer is affected by weak methane seepage.The Mo and U enrichment factors also exhibit similar trends in their respective depth profiles.The responses of trace elements,including Co/Al,Ni/Al,Cr/Al and Zn/Al ratios to methane seepage allowed the study of depositional conditions and methane seepage events.Based on the results,it is speculated that the depositional conditions of UnitⅡchanged with depth from moderate conditions of sulfidic and oxic conditions to locally anoxic conditions,and finally to suboxic conditions due to methane fluid leakage.The stable isotope values of chromium-reducible sulfide produced by AOM and those of sulfide formed by OSR in the early diagenetic environment suffered serious depletion of 34S.This was probably due to weak methane leakage,which caused the slower upward diffusion and the effect of early diagenesis on the samples.It is necessary to consider the effects of depositional environments and diagenesis on these geochemical parameters.
文摘This article revealed two valuable case reports about two young females suffered tuberculous meningitis after cesarean section.After antituberculous therapy,the condition of one patient improved and the other one became deteriorated.
基金the Zhejiang Science and Technology Major Program on Agricultural New Variety Breeding-Tea Plant(2021C02067-5)the Major Agricultural Technology Collaborative Extension Project of Zhejiang Province(2020XTT GCY04)the Zhejiang Province Six Aspects of Agriculture,Rural Areas and Farmers Science and Technology Cooperation Project(2021SNLF014).
文摘Pruning as an important agronomic operation plays a crucial role in the regulation of tea plant growth,development and dry tea quality.The effects of different pruning operations on the plant growth,phytohormones and transcriptome profiles of the following spring tea shoots were studied.Pruning-treated samples had generally increased median of the weight of 100 buds(two leaves and one bud,15.5−20.5 g)and longer stem diameter(1.7−1.8 mm)whereas shorter shoot length(34.6−59.2 mm)at the stage of two leaves and one bud,compared with unpruned samples(14.0 g,1.7 mm,87.4 mm),among which heavy pruning in mid April and early May greatly accelerated the development of the following spring tea shoots.The levels of phytohormones(auxin,gibberellin 1,gibberellin 3,and trans-zeatin)were significantly increased in the spring buds of tea plants heavily pruned in May.The KEGG result indicated that the pathways of plant–pathogen interaction,plant hormone signal transduction and circadian rhythm were regulated by different pruning treatments.Heavy pruning in April or May,without autumn pruning was suitable for producing premium green tea due to the early development and the higher weight of 100 buds.This study provides scientific guidance to regulate the growth of the following spring tea shoots using plant pruning operations.
文摘This paper develops a model for analyzing the potential of longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs) related to pre- and post-haulage in the intermodal rail-road transport chain (IRT). The paper considers the combined economic and emission costs among three different transport networks including intermodal rail-road transport with current Swedish regulatory framework for trucks, intermodal rail-road transport with LHVs, and direct-road transport. The objective is to analyse the potential of high-capacity transport associated with pre- and post-haulage for enhancing the competitiveness of intermodal transport from a full-costs perspective. The model developed is applied to a Swedish context and case study. Research findings reveal that the break-even of the IRT compared to the direct road transport could be significantly lowered, which suggests the LHVs contribute to exploring the market of IRT over smaller flows.
