Objective: To compare the two skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) algorithms. One is SMM [SMM(%) = total skeletal muscle mass (kg)/body weight mass (kg) × 100%];and the other is SMH [SMH (kg/m<sup>2</sup>...Objective: To compare the two skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) algorithms. One is SMM [SMM(%) = total skeletal muscle mass (kg)/body weight mass (kg) × 100%];and the other is SMH [SMH (kg/m<sup>2</sup>) = total skeletal muscle mass (kg)/height (m)<sup>2</sup>]. Methods: Body composition, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) were estimated using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer. SMI was calculated by the two algorithms described above, and measurement parameters were stratified by age, BMI and levels of physical activity. Results: Levels of BMI, BFP, SMM and SMH differed significantly between the sexes. BMI and BFP were positively associated with age, while SMM was negatively associated with age (β = −0.2294, P < 0.001). Furthermore, SMM was determined to have a negative association with BMI (β = −0.5340, P < 0.001), while a positive association between SMH and BMI (β = 0.7930, P β = −0.9849, P β = −0.0642, P < 0.001) were negatively associated with BFP. In both men and women, SMM maintained the analogous correlation with other indicators. In the general population, SMM showed a gradual downward trend from low body weight to grade III obesity (F = 9528.32, P < 0.001), but SMH (F = 34395.46, P F = 9706.20, P < 0.001) had a reciprocal association. BMI, BFP and SMM differences were observed based on levels of physical activity (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in SMH based on exercise (P > 0.05). Conclusions: SMM may be a more ideal and accurate clinical algorithm for SMI because it is more tightly associated with other body composition indices, as compared with SMH.展开更多
A highly efficient and eco-friendly protocol for the synthesis of an alternating copolymer poly(7,7'-diazaisoindigo-alt-(E)-1,2- bis(3,4-difluorothien-2-yl)ethene)(PAIID-4FTVT) via direct arylation polycondensatio...A highly efficient and eco-friendly protocol for the synthesis of an alternating copolymer poly(7,7'-diazaisoindigo-alt-(E)-1,2- bis(3,4-difluorothien-2-yl)ethene)(PAIID-4FTVT) via direct arylation polycondensation (DArP) is presented. Through detailed study, we found that the inhibitory effect of 7,7'-diazaisoindigo on DArP stemmed from the coordination of N atom with catalyst can be overcome by using dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as the co-solvent. Thus, PAIID-4FTVT with number-average molecular weight (Mn)>100kDa was synthesized via DArP by optimizing the content of DMAc. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectroscopy revealed that PAIID-4FTVT was defect-free. Top gate and bottom contact (TG/BC) organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) were fabricated to characterize the semiconducting properties of the polymers. PAIID-4FTVT displayed unipolar n-type characteristics with the electron mobility (μe) strongly dependent on Mn. The highest μe up to 0.25 cm^2·V^-1 s^-1 was achieved with the high molecular weight sample.展开更多
Interfacial engineering at the dielectric/semiconductor interface is highly crucial for fabricating organic field-effect transistors with high performance.In this study,a bilayer MXene/semiconductor configuration is i...Interfacial engineering at the dielectric/semiconductor interface is highly crucial for fabricating organic field-effect transistors with high performance.In this study,a bilayer MXene/semiconductor configuration is introduced to fabricate a high-performance n-type transistor,where electrical charges are formed and modulated at the SiO/semiconductor interface,and MXene nanosheets serve as the primary electrical charge channel due to their high mobility and long lateral size.The electrical performance is optimized by adjusting the degree of connectivity of the MXene nanosheets.The proposed MXene/poly{[N,N’-bis(2-octyl-dodecyl)-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5’-(2,2’-bithiophene)}(N2200)transistors show boosted ntype characteristics,including a 100-fold increase in field-effect mobility,a large ON/OFF ratio of 10^(4),and a small subthreshold swing of 0.65 V dec^(-1),all of which are significantly improved compared with single-layer N2200 transistors.The high performance of the two-dimensional MXene nanochannel is due to its electronegativity and high mobility.The electronegativity significantly enhances electron transfer from N2200 to the MXene channel,where they are efficiently transported along the MXene channel.Interestingly,the MXene/p-type semiconductor transistors show suppressed ptype performance because of the highly negative MXene nanosheets.Additionally,the proposed bilayer MXene/n-type semiconductor configuration shows a good configuration generality and improved performance.These findings demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating high-performance ntype transistors using a bilayer MXene/semiconductor combination.展开更多
文摘Objective: To compare the two skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) algorithms. One is SMM [SMM(%) = total skeletal muscle mass (kg)/body weight mass (kg) × 100%];and the other is SMH [SMH (kg/m<sup>2</sup>) = total skeletal muscle mass (kg)/height (m)<sup>2</sup>]. Methods: Body composition, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) were estimated using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer. SMI was calculated by the two algorithms described above, and measurement parameters were stratified by age, BMI and levels of physical activity. Results: Levels of BMI, BFP, SMM and SMH differed significantly between the sexes. BMI and BFP were positively associated with age, while SMM was negatively associated with age (β = −0.2294, P < 0.001). Furthermore, SMM was determined to have a negative association with BMI (β = −0.5340, P < 0.001), while a positive association between SMH and BMI (β = 0.7930, P β = −0.9849, P β = −0.0642, P < 0.001) were negatively associated with BFP. In both men and women, SMM maintained the analogous correlation with other indicators. In the general population, SMM showed a gradual downward trend from low body weight to grade III obesity (F = 9528.32, P < 0.001), but SMH (F = 34395.46, P F = 9706.20, P < 0.001) had a reciprocal association. BMI, BFP and SMM differences were observed based on levels of physical activity (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in SMH based on exercise (P > 0.05). Conclusions: SMM may be a more ideal and accurate clinical algorithm for SMI because it is more tightly associated with other body composition indices, as compared with SMH.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of “Strategic Advanced Electronic Materials” (No. 2016YFB0401101) of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technologythe National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51333006)
文摘A highly efficient and eco-friendly protocol for the synthesis of an alternating copolymer poly(7,7'-diazaisoindigo-alt-(E)-1,2- bis(3,4-difluorothien-2-yl)ethene)(PAIID-4FTVT) via direct arylation polycondensation (DArP) is presented. Through detailed study, we found that the inhibitory effect of 7,7'-diazaisoindigo on DArP stemmed from the coordination of N atom with catalyst can be overcome by using dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as the co-solvent. Thus, PAIID-4FTVT with number-average molecular weight (Mn)>100kDa was synthesized via DArP by optimizing the content of DMAc. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectroscopy revealed that PAIID-4FTVT was defect-free. Top gate and bottom contact (TG/BC) organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) were fabricated to characterize the semiconducting properties of the polymers. PAIID-4FTVT displayed unipolar n-type characteristics with the electron mobility (μe) strongly dependent on Mn. The highest μe up to 0.25 cm^2·V^-1 s^-1 was achieved with the high molecular weight sample.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20497 and 61974029)the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Fujian Province(2020J06012)Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(2021ZZ129)。
文摘Interfacial engineering at the dielectric/semiconductor interface is highly crucial for fabricating organic field-effect transistors with high performance.In this study,a bilayer MXene/semiconductor configuration is introduced to fabricate a high-performance n-type transistor,where electrical charges are formed and modulated at the SiO/semiconductor interface,and MXene nanosheets serve as the primary electrical charge channel due to their high mobility and long lateral size.The electrical performance is optimized by adjusting the degree of connectivity of the MXene nanosheets.The proposed MXene/poly{[N,N’-bis(2-octyl-dodecyl)-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5’-(2,2’-bithiophene)}(N2200)transistors show boosted ntype characteristics,including a 100-fold increase in field-effect mobility,a large ON/OFF ratio of 10^(4),and a small subthreshold swing of 0.65 V dec^(-1),all of which are significantly improved compared with single-layer N2200 transistors.The high performance of the two-dimensional MXene nanochannel is due to its electronegativity and high mobility.The electronegativity significantly enhances electron transfer from N2200 to the MXene channel,where they are efficiently transported along the MXene channel.Interestingly,the MXene/p-type semiconductor transistors show suppressed ptype performance because of the highly negative MXene nanosheets.Additionally,the proposed bilayer MXene/n-type semiconductor configuration shows a good configuration generality and improved performance.These findings demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating high-performance ntype transistors using a bilayer MXene/semiconductor combination.
