Extremely heavy rainfall occurred over both Northwest India and North China in September 2021.The precipitation anomalies were 4.1 and 6.2 times interannual standard deviation over the two regions,respectively,and bro...Extremely heavy rainfall occurred over both Northwest India and North China in September 2021.The precipitation anomalies were 4.1 and 6.2 times interannual standard deviation over the two regions,respectively,and broke the record since the observational data were available,i.e.,1901 for India and 1951 for China.In this month,the Asian uppertropospheric westerly jet was greatly displaced poleward over West Asia,and correspondingly,an anomalous cyclone appeared over India.The anomalous cyclone transported abundant water vapor into Northwest India,leading to the heavy rainfall there.In addition,the Silk Road pattern,a teleconnection pattern of upper-level meridional wind over the Eurasian continent and fueled by the heavy rainfall in Northwest India,contributed to the heavy rainfall in North China.Our study emphasizes the roles of atmospheric teleconnection patterns in concurrent rainfall extremes in the two regions far away from each other,and the occurrence of rainfall extremes during the post-or pre-monsoon period in the northern margins of monsoon regions.展开更多
为解决网络训练复杂度高的问题并改进语音情感特征提取,提出了基于双嵌套残差网络(DNResNet11)与通道注意残差网络(CRNet)的双支路特征提取模型。首先,设计了低复杂度的DN-ResNet11以高效提取语谱图的融合情感特征,提升情感识别率;然后...为解决网络训练复杂度高的问题并改进语音情感特征提取,提出了基于双嵌套残差网络(DNResNet11)与通道注意残差网络(CRNet)的双支路特征提取模型。首先,设计了低复杂度的DN-ResNet11以高效提取语谱图的融合情感特征,提升情感识别率;然后,结合多尺度引导滤波和局部二值模式(local binary pattern,LBP)算法对语谱图进行细节增强;最后,融合两组特征进行情感分类,形成双支路加权融合模型(weighted fusion model based on dual nested residual and channel residual network,WFDN_CRNet),进一步提升情感表征能力。在CASIA、EMO-DB、IEMOCAP等语音情感数据集上情感识别率分别达到94.58%、85.59%、65.72%,所提方法在情感识别率优于ResNet18等基准方法的同时,显著降低了计算成本,验证了模型的有效性。展开更多
Translational therapy refers to a combination of chemotherapy,radiotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer who are initially unable to undergo R0 resection.This treatment c...Translational therapy refers to a combination of chemotherapy,radiotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer who are initially unable to undergo R0 resection.This treatment can achieve partial or complete remission of the unresectable tumors to meet the criteria for R0 resection,thus enabling the patients to prolong their survival time and improve their quality of life.In gastric cancer,translational therapy has been tried and improved.At present,there are a large number of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer in China,and the selection of suitable patients for transla-tional therapy to prolong objective survival and improve survival quality is one of the hot spots in the field of gastric cancer research.展开更多
Extreme heat over the North China Plain is typically induced by anomalous descending flows associated with anticyclonic circulation anomalies. However, an extreme heat event that happened in the North China Plain regi...Extreme heat over the North China Plain is typically induced by anomalous descending flows associated with anticyclonic circulation anomalies. However, an extreme heat event that happened in the North China Plain region on 12–13 July 2015,with maximum temperature higher than 40℃ at some stations, was characterized by only a weak simultaneous appearance of an anomalous anticyclone and descending flow, suggesting that some other factor(s) may have induced this heat event. In this study, we used the forecast data produced by the Beijing Rapid Updated Cycling operational forecast system, which predicted the heat event well, to investigate the formation mechanism of this extreme heat event. We calculated the cumulative heat in the mixed-layer air column of North China to represent the change in surface air temperature. The cumulative heat was composed of sensible heat flux from the ground surface and the horizontal heat flux convergence. The results indicated that the horizontal heat flux in the mixed layer played a crucial role in the temporal and spatial distribution of high temperatures.The horizontal heat flux was found to be induced by distinct distributions of air temperatures and horizontal winds at low levels during the two days, implying a complexity of the low-level atmosphere in causing the extreme heat.展开更多
Although SiO_(2)-based anode is a strong competitor to supersede graphite anode for lithium-ion batteries,it still has problems such as low electrochemical activity, enormous loss of active lithium, and serious volume...Although SiO_(2)-based anode is a strong competitor to supersede graphite anode for lithium-ion batteries,it still has problems such as low electrochemical activity, enormous loss of active lithium, and serious volume expansion. In order to solve these problems, we used a graphene network loaded with cobalt metal nanoparticles(rGO-Co) to coat SiO_(2) porous hollow spheres(SiO_(2)@rGO-Co). The construction of porous hollow structure and graphene network can shorten the lithium-ion(Li^(+)) diffusion distance and enhance the conductivity of the composite, which improves the electrochemical activity of SiO_(2) effectively. They also alleviate the volume expansion of the anode in the cycling process. Moreover,nano-scale cobalt metal particles dispersed on graphene catalyze the conversion reaction of SiO_(2) and activate the locked Li+in Li_(2)O through a reversible reaction, which improves the charge and discharge capacity of the anode. The capacity of SiO_(2)@rGO-Co reaches 370.4 m Ah/g after 100 cycles at 0.1 A/g,which is 6.19 times the capacity of pure SiO_(2)(59.8 mAh/g) under the same circumstance. What is more,its structure also exhibits excellent cycle stability, with a volume expansion rate of only 13.0% after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A/g.展开更多
Lesions of the left triangular ligament of the liver are rare,and there are even fewer cases of vascular tumors misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumors.We comment on the two cases reported in the article.The a...Lesions of the left triangular ligament of the liver are rare,and there are even fewer cases of vascular tumors misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumors.We comment on the two cases reported in the article.The article did not include pictures of laparoscopic surgery,making it unconvincing.For gastric submucosal lesions,enhanced computed tomography venous phase imaging may be beneficial for differential diagnosis.Although endoscopic ultrasound is an effective tool for diagnosing submucosal lesions of the stomach,due to various factors,it cannot achieve an accurate diagnosis.During endoscopic examination,a more accurate diagnosis can be made depending on the personal experience of the operators.展开更多
目的经典的聚类算法在处理高维数据时存在维数灾难等问题,使得计算成本大幅增加并且效果不佳。以自编码或变分自编码网络构建的聚类网络改善了聚类效果,但是自编码器提取的特征往往比较差,变分自编码器存在后验崩塌等问题,影响了聚类的...目的经典的聚类算法在处理高维数据时存在维数灾难等问题,使得计算成本大幅增加并且效果不佳。以自编码或变分自编码网络构建的聚类网络改善了聚类效果,但是自编码器提取的特征往往比较差,变分自编码器存在后验崩塌等问题,影响了聚类的结果。为此,本文提出了一种基于混合高斯变分自编码器的聚类网络。方法使用混合高斯分布作为隐变量的先验分布构建变分自编码器,并以重建误差和隐变量先验与后验分布之间的KL散度(Kullback-Leibler divergence)构造自编码器的目标函数训练自编码网络;以训练获得的编码器对输入数据进行特征提取,结合聚类层构建聚类网络,以编码器隐层特征的软分配分布与软分配概率辅助目标分布之间的KL散度构建目标函数并训练聚类网络;变分自编码器采用卷积神经网络实现。结果为了验证本文算法的有效性,在基准数据集MNIST(Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology Database)和Fashion-MNIST上评估了该网络的性能,聚类精度(accuracy,ACC)和标准互信息(normalized mutual information,NMI)指标在MNIST数据集上分别为95.86%和91%,在Fashion-MNIST数据集上分别为61.34%和62.5%,与现有方法相比性能有了不同程度的提升。结论实验结果表明,本文网络取得了较好的聚类效果,且优于当前流行的多种聚类方法。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42105064)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(Grant No.2019QZKK0102)China Meteorological Administration program(Grant No.CXFZ2021J030)。
文摘Extremely heavy rainfall occurred over both Northwest India and North China in September 2021.The precipitation anomalies were 4.1 and 6.2 times interannual standard deviation over the two regions,respectively,and broke the record since the observational data were available,i.e.,1901 for India and 1951 for China.In this month,the Asian uppertropospheric westerly jet was greatly displaced poleward over West Asia,and correspondingly,an anomalous cyclone appeared over India.The anomalous cyclone transported abundant water vapor into Northwest India,leading to the heavy rainfall there.In addition,the Silk Road pattern,a teleconnection pattern of upper-level meridional wind over the Eurasian continent and fueled by the heavy rainfall in Northwest India,contributed to the heavy rainfall in North China.Our study emphasizes the roles of atmospheric teleconnection patterns in concurrent rainfall extremes in the two regions far away from each other,and the occurrence of rainfall extremes during the post-or pre-monsoon period in the northern margins of monsoon regions.
文摘为解决网络训练复杂度高的问题并改进语音情感特征提取,提出了基于双嵌套残差网络(DNResNet11)与通道注意残差网络(CRNet)的双支路特征提取模型。首先,设计了低复杂度的DN-ResNet11以高效提取语谱图的融合情感特征,提升情感识别率;然后,结合多尺度引导滤波和局部二值模式(local binary pattern,LBP)算法对语谱图进行细节增强;最后,融合两组特征进行情感分类,形成双支路加权融合模型(weighted fusion model based on dual nested residual and channel residual network,WFDN_CRNet),进一步提升情感表征能力。在CASIA、EMO-DB、IEMOCAP等语音情感数据集上情感识别率分别达到94.58%、85.59%、65.72%,所提方法在情感识别率优于ResNet18等基准方法的同时,显著降低了计算成本,验证了模型的有效性。
文摘Translational therapy refers to a combination of chemotherapy,radiotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy for patients with advanced gastric cancer who are initially unable to undergo R0 resection.This treatment can achieve partial or complete remission of the unresectable tumors to meet the criteria for R0 resection,thus enabling the patients to prolong their survival time and improve their quality of life.In gastric cancer,translational therapy has been tried and improved.At present,there are a large number of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer in China,and the selection of suitable patients for transla-tional therapy to prolong objective survival and improve survival quality is one of the hot spots in the field of gastric cancer research.
基金sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No.2015DFA20870)
文摘Extreme heat over the North China Plain is typically induced by anomalous descending flows associated with anticyclonic circulation anomalies. However, an extreme heat event that happened in the North China Plain region on 12–13 July 2015,with maximum temperature higher than 40℃ at some stations, was characterized by only a weak simultaneous appearance of an anomalous anticyclone and descending flow, suggesting that some other factor(s) may have induced this heat event. In this study, we used the forecast data produced by the Beijing Rapid Updated Cycling operational forecast system, which predicted the heat event well, to investigate the formation mechanism of this extreme heat event. We calculated the cumulative heat in the mixed-layer air column of North China to represent the change in surface air temperature. The cumulative heat was composed of sensible heat flux from the ground surface and the horizontal heat flux convergence. The results indicated that the horizontal heat flux in the mixed layer played a crucial role in the temporal and spatial distribution of high temperatures.The horizontal heat flux was found to be induced by distinct distributions of air temperatures and horizontal winds at low levels during the two days, implying a complexity of the low-level atmosphere in causing the extreme heat.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.52073212,51772205,51772208)the General Program of Municipal Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(Nos.17JCYBJC17000,17JCYBJC22700)。
文摘Although SiO_(2)-based anode is a strong competitor to supersede graphite anode for lithium-ion batteries,it still has problems such as low electrochemical activity, enormous loss of active lithium, and serious volume expansion. In order to solve these problems, we used a graphene network loaded with cobalt metal nanoparticles(rGO-Co) to coat SiO_(2) porous hollow spheres(SiO_(2)@rGO-Co). The construction of porous hollow structure and graphene network can shorten the lithium-ion(Li^(+)) diffusion distance and enhance the conductivity of the composite, which improves the electrochemical activity of SiO_(2) effectively. They also alleviate the volume expansion of the anode in the cycling process. Moreover,nano-scale cobalt metal particles dispersed on graphene catalyze the conversion reaction of SiO_(2) and activate the locked Li+in Li_(2)O through a reversible reaction, which improves the charge and discharge capacity of the anode. The capacity of SiO_(2)@rGO-Co reaches 370.4 m Ah/g after 100 cycles at 0.1 A/g,which is 6.19 times the capacity of pure SiO_(2)(59.8 mAh/g) under the same circumstance. What is more,its structure also exhibits excellent cycle stability, with a volume expansion rate of only 13.0% after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A/g.
文摘Lesions of the left triangular ligament of the liver are rare,and there are even fewer cases of vascular tumors misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumors.We comment on the two cases reported in the article.The article did not include pictures of laparoscopic surgery,making it unconvincing.For gastric submucosal lesions,enhanced computed tomography venous phase imaging may be beneficial for differential diagnosis.Although endoscopic ultrasound is an effective tool for diagnosing submucosal lesions of the stomach,due to various factors,it cannot achieve an accurate diagnosis.During endoscopic examination,a more accurate diagnosis can be made depending on the personal experience of the operators.
文摘目的经典的聚类算法在处理高维数据时存在维数灾难等问题,使得计算成本大幅增加并且效果不佳。以自编码或变分自编码网络构建的聚类网络改善了聚类效果,但是自编码器提取的特征往往比较差,变分自编码器存在后验崩塌等问题,影响了聚类的结果。为此,本文提出了一种基于混合高斯变分自编码器的聚类网络。方法使用混合高斯分布作为隐变量的先验分布构建变分自编码器,并以重建误差和隐变量先验与后验分布之间的KL散度(Kullback-Leibler divergence)构造自编码器的目标函数训练自编码网络;以训练获得的编码器对输入数据进行特征提取,结合聚类层构建聚类网络,以编码器隐层特征的软分配分布与软分配概率辅助目标分布之间的KL散度构建目标函数并训练聚类网络;变分自编码器采用卷积神经网络实现。结果为了验证本文算法的有效性,在基准数据集MNIST(Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology Database)和Fashion-MNIST上评估了该网络的性能,聚类精度(accuracy,ACC)和标准互信息(normalized mutual information,NMI)指标在MNIST数据集上分别为95.86%和91%,在Fashion-MNIST数据集上分别为61.34%和62.5%,与现有方法相比性能有了不同程度的提升。结论实验结果表明,本文网络取得了较好的聚类效果,且优于当前流行的多种聚类方法。
