Litter decomposition drives grassland biogeochemical cycles,yet the distinct roles of leaf and root litter identity,richness,and functional traits in regulating soil microbial diversity and decomposition remain poorly...Litter decomposition drives grassland biogeochemical cycles,yet the distinct roles of leaf and root litter identity,richness,and functional traits in regulating soil microbial diversity and decomposition remain poorly resolved.Using a 120-day mesocosm experiment with leaf and root litter of the dominant species in Inner Mongolia grassland,we assessed how litter type(leaf vs.root),richness(1,2,4 species),and identity(root or leaf litter of 4 dominant species)modulate microbial diversity and soil carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)release.We found that litter type and identity more strongly influenced microbial biomass than species richness,and root litter supported higher bacterial alpha diversity but lower microbial biomass and fungal beta diversity compared to leaf litter.Root litter identity primarily affected the overall beta diversity patterns of both bacterial and fungal communities,while greater leaf litter richness significantly suppressed soil C release.Mechanistically,root litter identity associated with the resource-conservative strategy directly controlled soil C release and indirectly regulated N retention via bacterial beta diversity.Conversely,leaf litter type characterized by the resource-acquisitive strategy primarily affected soil C release by altering microbial alpha diversity,and could also enhance N release by directly increasing soil microbial biomass.Our results underscore the significant influence of litter type,identity,and richness on soil microbial diversity and C and N release,supporting the strategic use of litter identity to modulate C and N release and the enhancement of C sequestration through increased leaf litter richness in grassland restoration efforts.展开更多
The amniote pallium,a vital component of the forebrain,exhibits considerable evolutionary divergence across species and mediates diverse functions,including sensory processing,memory formation,and learning.However,the...The amniote pallium,a vital component of the forebrain,exhibits considerable evolutionary divergence across species and mediates diverse functions,including sensory processing,memory formation,and learning.However,the relationships among pallial subregions in different species remain poorly characterized,particularly regarding the identification of homologous neurons and their transcriptional signatures.In this study,we utilized singlenucleus RNA sequencing to examine over 130?000 nuclei from the macaque(Macaca fascicularis)neocortex,complemented by datasets from humans(Homo sapiens),mice(Mus musculus),zebra finches(Taeniopygia guttata),turtles(Chrysemys picta bellii),and lizards(Pogona vitticeps),enablingcomprehensivecross-species comparison.Results revealed transcriptomic conservation and species-specific distinctions within the amniote pallium.Notable similarities were observed among cell subtypes,particularly within PVALB+inhibitory neurons,which exhibited species-preferred subtypes.Furthermore,correlations between pallial subregions and several transcription factor candidates were identified,including RARB,DLX2,STAT6,NR3C1,and THRB,with potential regulatory roles in gene expression in mammalian pallial neurons compared to their avian and reptilian counterparts.These results highlight the conserved nature of inhibitory neurons,remarkable regional divergence of excitatory neurons,and species-specific gene expression and regulation in amniote pallial neurons.Collectively,these findings provide valuable insights into the evolutionary dynamics of the amniote pallium.展开更多
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is classified under fibrotic interstitial pneumonia,characterized by a chronic and progressive course.The predominant clinical features of IPF include dyspnea and pulmonary...BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is classified under fibrotic interstitial pneumonia,characterized by a chronic and progressive course.The predominant clinical features of IPF include dyspnea and pulmonary dysfunction.AIM To assess the effects of pirfenidone in the early treatment of IPF on lung function in patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 113 patients with IPF who were treated in our hospital from November 2017 to January 2023.These patients were divided into two groups:control group(n=53)and observation group(n=60).In the control group,patients received routine therapy in combination with methylprednisolone tablets,while those in the observation group received routine therapy together with pirfenidone.After applying these distinct treatment approaches to the two groups,we assessed several parameters,including the overall effectiveness of clinical therapy,the occurrence of adverse reactions(e.g.,nausea,vomiting,and anorexia),symptom severity scores,pulmonary function index levels,inflammatory marker levels,and the 6-min walk distance before and after treatment in both groups.RESULTS The observation group exhibited significantly higher rates than the control group after therapy,with a clear distinction(P<0.05).After treatment,the observation group experienced significantly fewer adverse reactions than the control group,with a noticeable difference(P<0.05).When analyzing the symptom severity scores between the two groups of patients after treatment,the observation group had significantly lower scores than the control group,with a distinct difference(P<0.05).When comparing the pulmonary function index levels between the two groups of patients after therapy,the observation group displayed significantly higher levels than the control group,with a noticeable difference(P<0.05).Evaluating the inflammatory marker data(C-reactive protein,interleukin-2[IL-2],and IL-8)between the two groups of patients after therapy,the observation group exhibited significantly lower levels than the control group,with significant disparities(P<0.05).Comparison of the 6-min walking distance data between the two groups of patients after treatment showed that the observation group achieved significantly greater distances than the control group,with a marked difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Prompt initiation of pirfenidone treatment in individuals diagnosed with IPF can enhance pulmonary function,elevate inflammatory factor levels,and increase the distance covered in the 6-min walk test.This intervention is conducive to effectively decreasing the occurrence of adverse reactions in patients.展开更多
基于建筑信息化模型(building information modeling, BIM)技术,建立了由明挖隧道、工作井和顶管隧道相结合的电力隧道三维可视化模型。模拟了电力电缆在隧道中的敷设,创建了适用于电力隧道的电缆支架体系模型的族库。论述了三维信息化...基于建筑信息化模型(building information modeling, BIM)技术,建立了由明挖隧道、工作井和顶管隧道相结合的电力隧道三维可视化模型。模拟了电力电缆在隧道中的敷设,创建了适用于电力隧道的电缆支架体系模型的族库。论述了三维信息化模型在辅助隧道关键部位设计、隧道巡检、协同设计以及材料量统计等方面的应用。BIM技术的应用可以极大地节约设计时间成本,提升设计质量,减少因设计变更带来的损失。展开更多
This study aims to explore the application of positive psychological intervention in English teaching and its impact on students’learning.Through literature review,empirical research,and case analysis,this paper deep...This study aims to explore the application of positive psychological intervention in English teaching and its impact on students’learning.Through literature review,empirical research,and case analysis,this paper deeply analyzes the positive effect of positive psychological intervention on students’learning motivation,attitude,and performance,and puts forward specific suggestions for the implementation of positive psychological intervention in teaching practice.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42177272,32201404,32401430,32301441)the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Grant No.2025ZD006)the Junma Program of the Inner Mongolia University(Grant No.10000-23112101/159).
文摘Litter decomposition drives grassland biogeochemical cycles,yet the distinct roles of leaf and root litter identity,richness,and functional traits in regulating soil microbial diversity and decomposition remain poorly resolved.Using a 120-day mesocosm experiment with leaf and root litter of the dominant species in Inner Mongolia grassland,we assessed how litter type(leaf vs.root),richness(1,2,4 species),and identity(root or leaf litter of 4 dominant species)modulate microbial diversity and soil carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)release.We found that litter type and identity more strongly influenced microbial biomass than species richness,and root litter supported higher bacterial alpha diversity but lower microbial biomass and fungal beta diversity compared to leaf litter.Root litter identity primarily affected the overall beta diversity patterns of both bacterial and fungal communities,while greater leaf litter richness significantly suppressed soil C release.Mechanistically,root litter identity associated with the resource-conservative strategy directly controlled soil C release and indirectly regulated N retention via bacterial beta diversity.Conversely,leaf litter type characterized by the resource-acquisitive strategy primarily affected soil C release by altering microbial alpha diversity,and could also enhance N release by directly increasing soil microbial biomass.Our results underscore the significant influence of litter type,identity,and richness on soil microbial diversity and C and N release,supporting the strategic use of litter identity to modulate C and N release and the enhancement of C sequestration through increased leaf litter richness in grassland restoration efforts.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2022YEF0203200)National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program (STI2030-2021ZD0200100)National Key Research and Development Program (2018YFA0801400,2021YFA0805100)。
文摘The amniote pallium,a vital component of the forebrain,exhibits considerable evolutionary divergence across species and mediates diverse functions,including sensory processing,memory formation,and learning.However,the relationships among pallial subregions in different species remain poorly characterized,particularly regarding the identification of homologous neurons and their transcriptional signatures.In this study,we utilized singlenucleus RNA sequencing to examine over 130?000 nuclei from the macaque(Macaca fascicularis)neocortex,complemented by datasets from humans(Homo sapiens),mice(Mus musculus),zebra finches(Taeniopygia guttata),turtles(Chrysemys picta bellii),and lizards(Pogona vitticeps),enablingcomprehensivecross-species comparison.Results revealed transcriptomic conservation and species-specific distinctions within the amniote pallium.Notable similarities were observed among cell subtypes,particularly within PVALB+inhibitory neurons,which exhibited species-preferred subtypes.Furthermore,correlations between pallial subregions and several transcription factor candidates were identified,including RARB,DLX2,STAT6,NR3C1,and THRB,with potential regulatory roles in gene expression in mammalian pallial neurons compared to their avian and reptilian counterparts.These results highlight the conserved nature of inhibitory neurons,remarkable regional divergence of excitatory neurons,and species-specific gene expression and regulation in amniote pallial neurons.Collectively,these findings provide valuable insights into the evolutionary dynamics of the amniote pallium.
文摘BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is classified under fibrotic interstitial pneumonia,characterized by a chronic and progressive course.The predominant clinical features of IPF include dyspnea and pulmonary dysfunction.AIM To assess the effects of pirfenidone in the early treatment of IPF on lung function in patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 113 patients with IPF who were treated in our hospital from November 2017 to January 2023.These patients were divided into two groups:control group(n=53)and observation group(n=60).In the control group,patients received routine therapy in combination with methylprednisolone tablets,while those in the observation group received routine therapy together with pirfenidone.After applying these distinct treatment approaches to the two groups,we assessed several parameters,including the overall effectiveness of clinical therapy,the occurrence of adverse reactions(e.g.,nausea,vomiting,and anorexia),symptom severity scores,pulmonary function index levels,inflammatory marker levels,and the 6-min walk distance before and after treatment in both groups.RESULTS The observation group exhibited significantly higher rates than the control group after therapy,with a clear distinction(P<0.05).After treatment,the observation group experienced significantly fewer adverse reactions than the control group,with a noticeable difference(P<0.05).When analyzing the symptom severity scores between the two groups of patients after treatment,the observation group had significantly lower scores than the control group,with a distinct difference(P<0.05).When comparing the pulmonary function index levels between the two groups of patients after therapy,the observation group displayed significantly higher levels than the control group,with a noticeable difference(P<0.05).Evaluating the inflammatory marker data(C-reactive protein,interleukin-2[IL-2],and IL-8)between the two groups of patients after therapy,the observation group exhibited significantly lower levels than the control group,with significant disparities(P<0.05).Comparison of the 6-min walking distance data between the two groups of patients after treatment showed that the observation group achieved significantly greater distances than the control group,with a marked difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Prompt initiation of pirfenidone treatment in individuals diagnosed with IPF can enhance pulmonary function,elevate inflammatory factor levels,and increase the distance covered in the 6-min walk test.This intervention is conducive to effectively decreasing the occurrence of adverse reactions in patients.
文摘基于建筑信息化模型(building information modeling, BIM)技术,建立了由明挖隧道、工作井和顶管隧道相结合的电力隧道三维可视化模型。模拟了电力电缆在隧道中的敷设,创建了适用于电力隧道的电缆支架体系模型的族库。论述了三维信息化模型在辅助隧道关键部位设计、隧道巡检、协同设计以及材料量统计等方面的应用。BIM技术的应用可以极大地节约设计时间成本,提升设计质量,减少因设计变更带来的损失。
基金The Study on the Cultivation of Cultural Awareness in Business English Teaching and the Translation Paths of Chinese Traditional Culture in a Multicultural Context(No.:2023-SKT-11)。
文摘This study aims to explore the application of positive psychological intervention in English teaching and its impact on students’learning.Through literature review,empirical research,and case analysis,this paper deeply analyzes the positive effect of positive psychological intervention on students’learning motivation,attitude,and performance,and puts forward specific suggestions for the implementation of positive psychological intervention in teaching practice.
