The corrosion behavior and microstructure characteristics of metal inert gas(MIG)welded dissimilar joints of the 6005A alloy modified with Sc(designated as 6005A+Sc)and the 5083 alloy were investigated using corrosion...The corrosion behavior and microstructure characteristics of metal inert gas(MIG)welded dissimilar joints of the 6005A alloy modified with Sc(designated as 6005A+Sc)and the 5083 alloy were investigated using corrosion tests and microscopy techniques.Results show that the dissimilar joints exhibit strong stress corrosion cracking(SCC)resistance,maintaining substantial strength during slow strain rate tensile tests.Notably,the heat-affected zone(HAZ)and base metal(BM)on the 6005A+Sc side show superior performance in terms of inter-granular corrosion(IGC)and exfoliation corrosion(EXCO)compared to the corresponding zones on the 5083 side.The lower corrosion resistance of the 5083-BM and the 5083-HAZ can be attributed to the presence of numerous Al_(2)Mg_(3)phases and micro-scaled Al_(6)(Mn,Fe)intermetallics,mainly distributed along the rolling direction.Conversely,the enhanced corrosion resistance of the 6005A+Sc-BM and the 6005A+Sc-HAZ can be attributed to the discontinuously distributed grain boundary precipitates(β-Mg_(2)Si),the smaller grain size,and the reduced corrosive current density.展开更多
Tungsten carbide-based(WC-based)cemented carbides are widely recognized as high-performance tool materials.Traditionally,single metals such as cobalt(Co)or nickel(Ni)serve as the binder phase,providing toughness and s...Tungsten carbide-based(WC-based)cemented carbides are widely recognized as high-performance tool materials.Traditionally,single metals such as cobalt(Co)or nickel(Ni)serve as the binder phase,providing toughness and structural integrity.Replacing this phase with high-entropy alloys(HEAs)offers a promising approach to enhancing mechanical properties and addressing sustainability challenges.However,the complex multi-element composition of HEAs complicates conventional experimental design,making it difficult to explore the vast compositional space efficiently.Traditional trial-and-error methods are time-consuming,resource-intensive,and often ineffective in identifying optimal compositions.In contrast,artificial intelligence(AI)-driven approaches enable rapid screening and optimization of alloy compositions,significantly improving predictive accuracy and interpretability.Feature selection techniques were employed to identify key alloying elements influencing hardness,toughness,and wear resistance.To enhance model interpretability,explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)techniques—SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)and Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations(LIME)—were applied to quantify the contributions of individual elements and uncover complex elemental interactions.Furthermore,a high-throughput machine learning(ML)–driven screening approach was implemented to optimize the binder phase composition,facilitating the discovery of HEAs with superiormechanical properties.Experimental validation demonstrated strong agreement between model predictions and measured performance,confirming the reliability of the ML framework.This study underscores the potential of integrating ML and XAI for data-driven materials design,providing a novel strategy for optimizing high-entropy cemented carbides.展开更多
Al−3.51Mg−0.42Mn−0.76Sc−0.40Zr(wt.%)alloy was prepared by selective laser melting(SLM)method.The mechanical properties and microstructure of the alloy after annealing at 300℃or 325℃for 6 h were studied.The tensile s...Al−3.51Mg−0.42Mn−0.76Sc−0.40Zr(wt.%)alloy was prepared by selective laser melting(SLM)method.The mechanical properties and microstructure of the alloy after annealing at 300℃or 325℃for 6 h were studied.The tensile strength,yield strength and elongation of the SLM alloy were 339 MPa,213 MPa and 24%,respectively.After annealing at 300℃for 6 h,the tensile and yield strength of the alloy were increased to 518 MPa and 505 MPa,respectively,and the elongation decreased to 13%.After annealing at 325℃for 6 h,the yield strength of the alloy was reduced to 483 MPa.The grain size of the alloy after annealing at 300℃and 325℃did not grow significantly,but the segregation of Mg element was significantly reduced.Nanoscale Al3(Sc,Zr)phase was precipitated from the alloy matrix,and its average size increased with the increase of annealing temperature.Therefore,the strength improvement of the annealed SLM aluminum alloy was mainly attributed to the precipitation strengthening of Al3(Sc,Zr),and the strengthening mechanism was mainly dislocation cutting mechanism.When the annealing temperature was too high,the coarsening of Al3(Sc,Zr)particles caused the strength to decrease.展开更多
Although the intermittent energy-driven direct seawater splitting technology provides an unparalleled approach to achieving sustainable development,the severe corrosion via aggressive Cl^(-)severely affects the stabil...Although the intermittent energy-driven direct seawater splitting technology provides an unparalleled approach to achieving sustainable development,the severe corrosion via aggressive Cl^(-)severely affects the stability and efficiency of the anode catalyst and limits its industrial application.Herein,a lattice Cl^(-)functioned NiFe-LDH electrode(E-NF-LDHCl or E-NF-LDHSW)is firstly constructed by a minute-level electrochemistry assisted chlorine corrosion strategy,which presents enhanced oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance and excellent anti-Cl^(-)corrosion behavior for seawater splitting.The optimized E-NF-LDHCl and E-NF-LDHSW deliver low OER overpotential of 355 and 384 mV to reach 1 A cm^(-2)current density in the 1 mol L^(-1)KOH and 1 mol L^(-1)KOH seawater,respectively,as well as excellent stability of E-NF-LDHCl is maintained at 1 A cm^(-2) for 400 h in the 1 mol L^(-1)KOH and 1 mol L^(-1)KOH+0.5 mol L^(-1)NaCl.MD(molecular dynamics)simulation and DFT(density functional theory)calculation confirmed that strong common-ion repulsion effect in IHP region repels free Cl^(-),forming high spin polarization centers and more single electrons to enhance the intrinsic activity of OER.展开更多
Dysfunction of drug transporters significantly affects therapeutic outcomes and drug efficacy in patients with liver injury.Clinical and experimental evidence demonstrates that liver injury involves complex inter-orga...Dysfunction of drug transporters significantly affects therapeutic outcomes and drug efficacy in patients with liver injury.Clinical and experimental evidence demonstrates that liver injury involves complex inter-organ interactions among the brain,eye,liver,intestine,and kidney.Recent advances in basic and clinical research have illuminated the physiologic and molecular mechanisms underlying transporter alterations in liver injury,particularly those associated with bilirubin,reactive oxygen species,ammonia,bile acid,and inflammatory factors.Notably,the influence of these transporter modifications on drug pharmacokinetics in liver injury patients remains inadequately understood.Additional research is necessary to fully comprehend these effects and their therapeutic implications.The documented alterations of transporters in distant organs across various liver diseases indicate that dosage modifications may be required when administering transporter-substrate drugs,including both traditional Chinese and Western medicines,to patients with liver dysfunction.This strategy helps maintain drug concentrations within therapeutic ranges while reducing adverse reactions.Furthermore,when utilizing transporter inducers or inhibitors clinically,consideration of their long-term effects on transporters and subsequent therapeutic impact is essential.Careful attention must be paid to avoid compromising the elimination of toxic metabolites and proteins when inhibiting these transporters.Similarly,prudent use of inducers or inducertype therapeutic drugs is necessary to prevent enhanced drug resistance.This review examines recent clinical and experimental findings regarding the inter-organ interaction of drug transporters in liver injury conditions and their clinical relevance.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of acupuncture onset time and synaptic structure in two different models of depression.Methods:A total of 150 healthy male adult SPF C57BL/6J mice were divided into five time-point ...Objective:To investigate the effect of acupuncture onset time and synaptic structure in two different models of depression.Methods:A total of 150 healthy male adult SPF C57BL/6J mice were divided into five time-point groups:1 h,3 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h.Each time-point group was further divided into three groups:the model,scopolamine and acupuncture groups with 10 rats each.Rats were given forced swimming stimulation(15 min,once)before the intervention.A total of 200 healthy male adult specific pathogen-free(SPF)Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into 30 normal rats,and 170 modelling ones.A total of 90 rats were successfully modeled,and were randomly divided into three time-point groups:1 h,6 h and 24 h.And each time-point group was further divided into the normal,model,scopolamine,and acupuncture group.Chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)combined with individual feeding was used to establish the depressed rat model.The sucrose preference test(SPT)and open field test(OFT)were used to evaluate the success of the model.There were 10 rats in each group.The acupuncture intervention was performed once for 20 min on"Baihui(GV20)","Yintang(GV29)","Hegu(LI4)",and"Taichong(LR3)"without any other operations for the corresponding animals.Other groups were given corresponding medications.According to different time points,the forced swimming test(FST)was conducted in mice,and the FST and novelty-suppressed feeding test(NSFT)were measured in rats.Monoamine neurotransmitters(NE,DA,DOPAC,5-HT,5-HIAA,HVA)in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were detected with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The expression of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,mTOR,and BDNF in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus was determined by western blot.Results:At the 1 h time point,compared with the model group,the immobility time was significantly decreased in the acupuncture group(P<0.05).At 3 h,6 h,12 h,and 24 h,compared with the model group,the immobility time was significantly reduced in both scopolamine and acupuncture groups(P<0.05).At the 1 h time point,compared with the normal group,the immobility time of FST and the latency to feed were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the immobility time of FST showed a significant reduction in the acupuncture group(P<0.05).At the 6h and 24 h time points,compared with the normal group,the immobility time of FST and the latency to feed were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the immobility time of FST was significantly decreased in the scopolamine and acupuncture groups(P<0.05).At the 1 h and 24 h time points,compared with the normal group,the expression levels of 5-HT,5-HIAA,NE,DA,DOPAC,and HVA of the prefrontal cortical and hippocampal tissues were significantly reduced in the model group(P<0.05).At the 1 h and 24 h time points,compared with the model group,the expression levels of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,and BDNF of the prefrontal cortex were significantly increased in the acupuncture group(P<0.05).At the 1 h and 24 h time points,compared with the normal group,the expression levels of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,and BDNF of the prefrontal cortex were significantly reduced in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the expression levels of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,and BDNF of the prefrontal cortex were significantly increased in the acupuncture group(P<0.05).At the 1 h and 24 h time points,compared with the normal group,the expression levels of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,and BDNF of the hippocampal tissues were significantly reduced in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the expression levels of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,and BDNF of the hippocampus were not significantly different in the acupuncture group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture may play a rapid antidepressant effect by increasing the expression of synaptic plasticity proteins in the prefrontal cortex.展开更多
AIM:To develop a classifier for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy(DR),using optimized machine learning algorithms,which can provide the basis for TCM objective and intel...AIM:To develop a classifier for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy(DR),using optimized machine learning algorithms,which can provide the basis for TCM objective and intelligent syndrome differentiation.METHODS:Collated data on real-world DR cases were collected.A variety of machine learning methods were used to construct TCM syndrome classification model,and the best performance was selected as the basic model.Genetic Algorithm(GA)was used for feature selection to obtain the optimal feature combination.Harris Hawk Optimization(HHO)was used for parameter optimization,and a classification model based on feature selection and parameter optimization was constructed.The performance of the model was compared with other optimization algorithms.The models were evaluated with accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score as indicators.RESULTS:Data on 970 cases that met screening requirements were collected.Support Vector Machine(SVM)was the best basic classification model.The accuracy rate of the model was 82.05%,the precision rate was 82.34%,the recall rate was 81.81%,and the F1 value was 81.76%.After GA screening,the optimal feature combination contained 37 feature values,which was consistent with TCM clinical practice.The model based on optimal combination and SVM(GA_SVM)had an accuracy improvement of 1.92%compared to the basic classifier.SVM model based on HHO and GA optimization(HHO_GA_SVM)had the best performance and convergence speed compared with other optimization algorithms.Compared with the basic classification model,the accuracy was improved by 3.51%.CONCLUSION:HHO and GA optimization can improve the model performance of SVM in TCM syndrome differentiation of DR.It provides a new method and research idea for TCM intelligent assisted syndrome differentiation.展开更多
A new Al−4.87Mn−1.42Mg−0.63Sc−0.20Zr(wt.%)alloy was fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM)and its microstructure and mechanical properties before and after aging were investigated.The results show that at a laser ...A new Al−4.87Mn−1.42Mg−0.63Sc−0.20Zr(wt.%)alloy was fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM)and its microstructure and mechanical properties before and after aging were investigated.The results show that at a laser power input of 300 W,increasing laser scanning speeds from 700 to 1500 mm/s improves the mechanical properties.In the meantime,the lattice distortion values increase from 0.15%to 0.31%,showing an increasing solute supersaturation.At a laser scanning speed of 1500 mm/s,the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the as-SLM alloys are 356 MPa,412 MPa and 17.7%,respectively.After aging at 350°C for 8 h,these values increase to 527 MPa,554 MPa and 10.4%,respectively.The contributions to the yield strength increments from the secondary Al6(Fe,Mn)needle-like phase and re-precipitated L12 structured Al6(Sc,Zr,Ti)nano-particles during aging are 74 and 79 MPa,respectively.As the aging temperature increases to 450°C,the dominant precipitation strengthening is attributed to the secondary Al6(Sc,Zr,Ti)nano-particles.展开更多
The concept of“STEM+”integrates art,humanistic literacy,and social values in the traditional STEM education concept,advocates cross-disciplinary integration,and aims to cultivate compound talents equipped to tackle ...The concept of“STEM+”integrates art,humanistic literacy,and social values in the traditional STEM education concept,advocates cross-disciplinary integration,and aims to cultivate compound talents equipped to tackle future challenges.In 2022,the Ministry of Education issued the“Compulsory Education Information Technology Curriculum(2022 Edition),”emphasizing the core literacy of information science and technology and the integration of interdisciplinary disciplines,and encouraging the teaching mode suitable for discipline characteristics.The 6E teaching mode is a student-centered teaching strategy characterized by active exploration and cross-disciplinary integration.This article innovatively designed the“STEM+”6E teaching mode,which is applied to junior high school information technology teaching,which can better achieve core literacy teaching goals.展开更多
Background:The trade-off between the benefits of regular physical activity(PA)and the potentially detrimental effects of augmented exposure to air pollution in highly polluted regions remains unclear.This study aimed ...Background:The trade-off between the benefits of regular physical activity(PA)and the potentially detrimental effects of augmented exposure to air pollution in highly polluted regions remains unclear.This study aimed to examine whether ambient fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure modified the impacts of PA volume and intensity on hypertension risk.Methods:We included 54,797 participants without hypertension at baseline in a nationwide cohort of the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China(China-PAR)project.PA volume and intensitywere assessed by questionnaire,and high-resolution(1 km×1 km)PM_(2.5)estimates were generated using a satellite-based model.Results:During 413,516 person-years of follow-up,12,100 incident hypertension cases were identified.PM_(2.5)significantly modified the relationship between PA and hypertension incidence(p_(interaction)<0.001).Increased PA volume was negatively associated with incident hypertension in the low PM_(2.5)stratum(<59.8μg/m^(3),ptrend<0.001),with a hazard ratio of 0.81(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.74-0.88)when comparing the fourth with the first quartile of PA volume.However,the health benefits were not observed in the high PM_(2.5)stratum(≥59.8μg/m^(3),p_(trend)=0.370).Moreover,compared with light PA intensity,vigorous intensity was related to a 20%(95%CI:9%-29%)decreased risk of hypertension for participants exposed to low PM_(2.5),but a 17%(95%CI:4%-33%)increased risk for those with high PM_(2.5)levels.Conclusion:PA was associated with a reduced risk of hypertension only among participants with low PM_(2.5)exposure.Our findings recommended regular PA to prevent hypertension in less polluted regions and reinforced the importance of air quality improvement.展开更多
The evolution of microstructure and properties of Al−5.87Zn−2.07Mg−2.42Cu alloys during non-isothermal aging was studied.The mechanical properties of the alloy were tested by stretching at room temperature.The results...The evolution of microstructure and properties of Al−5.87Zn−2.07Mg−2.42Cu alloys during non-isothermal aging was studied.The mechanical properties of the alloy were tested by stretching at room temperature.The results show that in the non-isothermal aging process,when the alloy is cooled to 140℃,the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy reaches a maximum value of 582 MPa and the elongation is 11.9%.The microstructure was tested through a transmission electron microscope,and the experimental results show that the GP zones andη'phases are the main strengthening precipitates.At the cooling stage,when the temperature dropped to 180℃,the GP zones were precipitated again.Besides,the experimental results show that the main strengthening phase during non-isothermal aging isη'phases.展开更多
objective:Two cycles of induction chemotherapy(IC)followed by 2 cycles of platinum-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)(2IC+2CCRT)for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(LA-NPC)is widely adopted but n...objective:Two cycles of induction chemotherapy(IC)followed by 2 cycles of platinum-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)(2IC+2CCRT)for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(LA-NPC)is widely adopted but not evidence-confirmed.This study aimed to determine the clinical value of 2IC+2CCRT regarding efficacy,toxicity and cost-effectiveness.Methods:This real-world study from two epidemic centers used propensity score matching(PSM)and inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)analyses.The enrolled patients were divided into three groups based on treatment modality:Group A(2IC+2CCRT),Group B(3IC+2CCRT or 2IC+3CCRT)and Group C(3IC+3CCRT).Long-term survival,acute toxicities and cost-effectiveness were compared among the groups.We developed a prognostic model dividing the population into high-and low-risk cohorts,and survivals including overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS)and locoregional relapse-free survival(LRRFS)were compared among the three groups according to certain risk stratifications.Results:Of 4,042 patients,1,175 were enrolled,with 660,419,and 96 included in Groups A,B and C,respectively.Five-year survivals were similar among the three groups after PSM and confirmed by IPTW.Grade 3-4 neutropenia and leukocytopenia were significantly higher in Groups C and B than in Group A(52.1%vs.41.5%vs.25.2%;41.7%vs.32.7%vs.25.0%)as were grade 3-4 nausea/vomiting and oral mucositis(29.2%vs.15.0%vs.6.1%;32.3%vs.25.3%vs.18.0%).Cost-effective analysis suggested that 2IC+2CCRT was the least expensive,while the health benefits were similar to those of the other groups.Further exploration showed that 2IC+2CCRT tended to be associated with a shorter PFS in high-risk patients,while 3IC+3CCRT potentially contributed to poor PFS in low-risk individuals,mainly reflected by LRRFS.Conclusions:In LA-NPC patients,2IC+2CCRT was the optimal choice regarding efficacy,toxicity and costeffectiveness;however,2IC+2CCRT and 3IC+3CCRT probably shortened LRRFS in high-and low-risk populations,respectively.展开更多
Objective:To explore the application effect of the Eyesi surgical simulator in the teaching of cataract surgery for professional ophthalmology postgraduate students.Methods:The professional postgraduate students who w...Objective:To explore the application effect of the Eyesi surgical simulator in the teaching of cataract surgery for professional ophthalmology postgraduate students.Methods:The professional postgraduate students who were trained in the third year of ophthalmology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University were selected as the research objects.After passing the theoretical examination,they were randomly divided into the pig eyeball group,Eyesi group,and pig eye+Eyesi group,with 5 students in each group.The pig eyeball,Eyesi surgery simulator,and pig eye+Eyesi surgery simulator were used for microscopic technique operation and cataract surgery steps training,respectively.After the training,the overall training effects of the three groups of postgraduates were scored,and questionnaires were used to objectively evaluate the three training methods.Results:The scores of the students in the pig eye+Eyesi group were better than those in the Eyesi group,and the students in the Eyesi group were better than those in the pig eyeball group.Conclusion:The Eyesi surgical simulation training system can evaluate the microsurgical skills of professional masters and improve their surgical skills.This system is of great significance for the training of the cataract surgery skills of professional masters.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,China(No.2023RC3055)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2023JJ30671,2020JJ4114)+5 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City,China(No.Kq2208264)National Key Project of Research and Development Plan of China(Nos.2021YFC1910505,2021YFC1910504)the Young Core Teacher Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.150220001)Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(No.2020B010186002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51601229)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Foshan City,China(No.2230032004640).
文摘The corrosion behavior and microstructure characteristics of metal inert gas(MIG)welded dissimilar joints of the 6005A alloy modified with Sc(designated as 6005A+Sc)and the 5083 alloy were investigated using corrosion tests and microscopy techniques.Results show that the dissimilar joints exhibit strong stress corrosion cracking(SCC)resistance,maintaining substantial strength during slow strain rate tensile tests.Notably,the heat-affected zone(HAZ)and base metal(BM)on the 6005A+Sc side show superior performance in terms of inter-granular corrosion(IGC)and exfoliation corrosion(EXCO)compared to the corresponding zones on the 5083 side.The lower corrosion resistance of the 5083-BM and the 5083-HAZ can be attributed to the presence of numerous Al_(2)Mg_(3)phases and micro-scaled Al_(6)(Mn,Fe)intermetallics,mainly distributed along the rolling direction.Conversely,the enhanced corrosion resistance of the 6005A+Sc-BM and the 6005A+Sc-HAZ can be attributed to the discontinuously distributed grain boundary precipitates(β-Mg_(2)Si),the smaller grain size,and the reduced corrosive current density.
文摘Tungsten carbide-based(WC-based)cemented carbides are widely recognized as high-performance tool materials.Traditionally,single metals such as cobalt(Co)or nickel(Ni)serve as the binder phase,providing toughness and structural integrity.Replacing this phase with high-entropy alloys(HEAs)offers a promising approach to enhancing mechanical properties and addressing sustainability challenges.However,the complex multi-element composition of HEAs complicates conventional experimental design,making it difficult to explore the vast compositional space efficiently.Traditional trial-and-error methods are time-consuming,resource-intensive,and often ineffective in identifying optimal compositions.In contrast,artificial intelligence(AI)-driven approaches enable rapid screening and optimization of alloy compositions,significantly improving predictive accuracy and interpretability.Feature selection techniques were employed to identify key alloying elements influencing hardness,toughness,and wear resistance.To enhance model interpretability,explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)techniques—SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)and Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations(LIME)—were applied to quantify the contributions of individual elements and uncover complex elemental interactions.Furthermore,a high-throughput machine learning(ML)–driven screening approach was implemented to optimize the binder phase composition,facilitating the discovery of HEAs with superiormechanical properties.Experimental validation demonstrated strong agreement between model predictions and measured performance,confirming the reliability of the ML framework.This study underscores the potential of integrating ML and XAI for data-driven materials design,providing a novel strategy for optimizing high-entropy cemented carbides.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB2001801)State’s Key Project of Research and Development Plan(No.2021YFC1910505)the Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(No.2020B010186002)。
文摘Al−3.51Mg−0.42Mn−0.76Sc−0.40Zr(wt.%)alloy was prepared by selective laser melting(SLM)method.The mechanical properties and microstructure of the alloy after annealing at 300℃or 325℃for 6 h were studied.The tensile strength,yield strength and elongation of the SLM alloy were 339 MPa,213 MPa and 24%,respectively.After annealing at 300℃for 6 h,the tensile and yield strength of the alloy were increased to 518 MPa and 505 MPa,respectively,and the elongation decreased to 13%.After annealing at 325℃for 6 h,the yield strength of the alloy was reduced to 483 MPa.The grain size of the alloy after annealing at 300℃and 325℃did not grow significantly,but the segregation of Mg element was significantly reduced.Nanoscale Al3(Sc,Zr)phase was precipitated from the alloy matrix,and its average size increased with the increase of annealing temperature.Therefore,the strength improvement of the annealed SLM aluminum alloy was mainly attributed to the precipitation strengthening of Al3(Sc,Zr),and the strengthening mechanism was mainly dislocation cutting mechanism.When the annealing temperature was too high,the coarsening of Al3(Sc,Zr)particles caused the strength to decrease.
文摘Although the intermittent energy-driven direct seawater splitting technology provides an unparalleled approach to achieving sustainable development,the severe corrosion via aggressive Cl^(-)severely affects the stability and efficiency of the anode catalyst and limits its industrial application.Herein,a lattice Cl^(-)functioned NiFe-LDH electrode(E-NF-LDHCl or E-NF-LDHSW)is firstly constructed by a minute-level electrochemistry assisted chlorine corrosion strategy,which presents enhanced oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performance and excellent anti-Cl^(-)corrosion behavior for seawater splitting.The optimized E-NF-LDHCl and E-NF-LDHSW deliver low OER overpotential of 355 and 384 mV to reach 1 A cm^(-2)current density in the 1 mol L^(-1)KOH and 1 mol L^(-1)KOH seawater,respectively,as well as excellent stability of E-NF-LDHCl is maintained at 1 A cm^(-2) for 400 h in the 1 mol L^(-1)KOH and 1 mol L^(-1)KOH+0.5 mol L^(-1)NaCl.MD(molecular dynamics)simulation and DFT(density functional theory)calculation confirmed that strong common-ion repulsion effect in IHP region repels free Cl^(-),forming high spin polarization centers and more single electrons to enhance the intrinsic activity of OER.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82173884).
文摘Dysfunction of drug transporters significantly affects therapeutic outcomes and drug efficacy in patients with liver injury.Clinical and experimental evidence demonstrates that liver injury involves complex inter-organ interactions among the brain,eye,liver,intestine,and kidney.Recent advances in basic and clinical research have illuminated the physiologic and molecular mechanisms underlying transporter alterations in liver injury,particularly those associated with bilirubin,reactive oxygen species,ammonia,bile acid,and inflammatory factors.Notably,the influence of these transporter modifications on drug pharmacokinetics in liver injury patients remains inadequately understood.Additional research is necessary to fully comprehend these effects and their therapeutic implications.The documented alterations of transporters in distant organs across various liver diseases indicate that dosage modifications may be required when administering transporter-substrate drugs,including both traditional Chinese and Western medicines,to patients with liver dysfunction.This strategy helps maintain drug concentrations within therapeutic ranges while reducing adverse reactions.Furthermore,when utilizing transporter inducers or inhibitors clinically,consideration of their long-term effects on transporters and subsequent therapeutic impact is essential.Careful attention must be paid to avoid compromising the elimination of toxic metabolites and proteins when inhibiting these transporters.Similarly,prudent use of inducers or inducertype therapeutic drugs is necessary to prevent enhanced drug resistance.This review examines recent clinical and experimental findings regarding the inter-organ interaction of drug transporters in liver injury conditions and their clinical relevance.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Funds(82074522,U23A20507)Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(202102010247)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2021A1515011464,2019A1515012043)Research Fund for Bajian Talents of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine(BJ2022KY10)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of acupuncture onset time and synaptic structure in two different models of depression.Methods:A total of 150 healthy male adult SPF C57BL/6J mice were divided into five time-point groups:1 h,3 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h.Each time-point group was further divided into three groups:the model,scopolamine and acupuncture groups with 10 rats each.Rats were given forced swimming stimulation(15 min,once)before the intervention.A total of 200 healthy male adult specific pathogen-free(SPF)Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into 30 normal rats,and 170 modelling ones.A total of 90 rats were successfully modeled,and were randomly divided into three time-point groups:1 h,6 h and 24 h.And each time-point group was further divided into the normal,model,scopolamine,and acupuncture group.Chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)combined with individual feeding was used to establish the depressed rat model.The sucrose preference test(SPT)and open field test(OFT)were used to evaluate the success of the model.There were 10 rats in each group.The acupuncture intervention was performed once for 20 min on"Baihui(GV20)","Yintang(GV29)","Hegu(LI4)",and"Taichong(LR3)"without any other operations for the corresponding animals.Other groups were given corresponding medications.According to different time points,the forced swimming test(FST)was conducted in mice,and the FST and novelty-suppressed feeding test(NSFT)were measured in rats.Monoamine neurotransmitters(NE,DA,DOPAC,5-HT,5-HIAA,HVA)in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were detected with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The expression of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,mTOR,and BDNF in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus was determined by western blot.Results:At the 1 h time point,compared with the model group,the immobility time was significantly decreased in the acupuncture group(P<0.05).At 3 h,6 h,12 h,and 24 h,compared with the model group,the immobility time was significantly reduced in both scopolamine and acupuncture groups(P<0.05).At the 1 h time point,compared with the normal group,the immobility time of FST and the latency to feed were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the immobility time of FST showed a significant reduction in the acupuncture group(P<0.05).At the 6h and 24 h time points,compared with the normal group,the immobility time of FST and the latency to feed were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the immobility time of FST was significantly decreased in the scopolamine and acupuncture groups(P<0.05).At the 1 h and 24 h time points,compared with the normal group,the expression levels of 5-HT,5-HIAA,NE,DA,DOPAC,and HVA of the prefrontal cortical and hippocampal tissues were significantly reduced in the model group(P<0.05).At the 1 h and 24 h time points,compared with the model group,the expression levels of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,and BDNF of the prefrontal cortex were significantly increased in the acupuncture group(P<0.05).At the 1 h and 24 h time points,compared with the normal group,the expression levels of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,and BDNF of the prefrontal cortex were significantly reduced in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the expression levels of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,and BDNF of the prefrontal cortex were significantly increased in the acupuncture group(P<0.05).At the 1 h and 24 h time points,compared with the normal group,the expression levels of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,and BDNF of the hippocampal tissues were significantly reduced in the model group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the expression levels of synapsin I,PSD95,p-mTOR,and BDNF of the hippocampus were not significantly different in the acupuncture group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture may play a rapid antidepressant effect by increasing the expression of synaptic plasticity proteins in the prefrontal cortex.
基金Supported by Hunan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project(No.B2023043)Hunan Provincial Department of Education Scientific Research Project(No.22B0386)Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Campus level Research Fund Project(No.2022XJZKC004).
文摘AIM:To develop a classifier for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy(DR),using optimized machine learning algorithms,which can provide the basis for TCM objective and intelligent syndrome differentiation.METHODS:Collated data on real-world DR cases were collected.A variety of machine learning methods were used to construct TCM syndrome classification model,and the best performance was selected as the basic model.Genetic Algorithm(GA)was used for feature selection to obtain the optimal feature combination.Harris Hawk Optimization(HHO)was used for parameter optimization,and a classification model based on feature selection and parameter optimization was constructed.The performance of the model was compared with other optimization algorithms.The models were evaluated with accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score as indicators.RESULTS:Data on 970 cases that met screening requirements were collected.Support Vector Machine(SVM)was the best basic classification model.The accuracy rate of the model was 82.05%,the precision rate was 82.34%,the recall rate was 81.81%,and the F1 value was 81.76%.After GA screening,the optimal feature combination contained 37 feature values,which was consistent with TCM clinical practice.The model based on optimal combination and SVM(GA_SVM)had an accuracy improvement of 1.92%compared to the basic classifier.SVM model based on HHO and GA optimization(HHO_GA_SVM)had the best performance and convergence speed compared with other optimization algorithms.Compared with the basic classification model,the accuracy was improved by 3.51%.CONCLUSION:HHO and GA optimization can improve the model performance of SVM in TCM syndrome differentiation of DR.It provides a new method and research idea for TCM intelligent assisted syndrome differentiation.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,China(No.2023RC3055)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2023JJ30671)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City,China(No.Kq2208264)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51601229).
文摘A new Al−4.87Mn−1.42Mg−0.63Sc−0.20Zr(wt.%)alloy was fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM)and its microstructure and mechanical properties before and after aging were investigated.The results show that at a laser power input of 300 W,increasing laser scanning speeds from 700 to 1500 mm/s improves the mechanical properties.In the meantime,the lattice distortion values increase from 0.15%to 0.31%,showing an increasing solute supersaturation.At a laser scanning speed of 1500 mm/s,the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the as-SLM alloys are 356 MPa,412 MPa and 17.7%,respectively.After aging at 350°C for 8 h,these values increase to 527 MPa,554 MPa and 10.4%,respectively.The contributions to the yield strength increments from the secondary Al6(Fe,Mn)needle-like phase and re-precipitated L12 structured Al6(Sc,Zr,Ti)nano-particles during aging are 74 and 79 MPa,respectively.As the aging temperature increases to 450°C,the dominant precipitation strengthening is attributed to the secondary Al6(Sc,Zr,Ti)nano-particles.
基金the financial supports from the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (Nos. 2020JJ4114, 2016JJ3151)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51601229)+2 种基金the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST, China (No. 2015QNRC001)the Hunan Province Innovation Platform and Talent Plan Project, China (No. 2015RS4001)the Open-end Fund for the Valuable and Precision Instruments of Central South University, China (No. CSUZC201815)。
基金2024 Chongqing Normal University Graduate Research Innovation Project“Construction and Application of Information Technology Knowledge Map based on the Three-Layer Architecture”(CYS240395)。
文摘The concept of“STEM+”integrates art,humanistic literacy,and social values in the traditional STEM education concept,advocates cross-disciplinary integration,and aims to cultivate compound talents equipped to tackle future challenges.In 2022,the Ministry of Education issued the“Compulsory Education Information Technology Curriculum(2022 Edition),”emphasizing the core literacy of information science and technology and the integration of interdisciplinary disciplines,and encouraging the teaching mode suitable for discipline characteristics.The 6E teaching mode is a student-centered teaching strategy characterized by active exploration and cross-disciplinary integration.This article innovatively designed the“STEM+”6E teaching mode,which is applied to junior high school information technology teaching,which can better achieve core literacy teaching goals.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Nos.2020JJ4114,2016JJ3151)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51601229)+2 种基金the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2015QNRC001)the Hunan Province Innovation Platform and Talent Plan Project,China(No.2015RS4001)the Open-End Fund for the Valuable and Precision Instruments of Central South University,China(No.CSUZC201815)。
文摘采用选择激光熔化(SLM)技术在不同工艺参数下制备Al-4.77Mn-1.37Mg-0.67Sc-0.25Zr合金(质量分数,%),通过拉伸试验和显微观察研究合金的组织和力学性能。结果表明:当能量密度为104~143 J/mm^(3)时,力学性能保持相对稳定;屈服强度为335~338 MPa,抗拉强度为397~400 MPa,伸长率均在11%以上。在此能量密度区间内,SLM合金缺陷和粗大金属间化合物较少,与此同时,有大量细小的Al Fe Mn Sc Zr相析出。当能量密度超过152 J/mm^(3)时,可以观察到一些孔洞和裂纹,且伸长率急剧下降。定量计算结果表明,该合金固溶强化、晶界强化和析出强化占比分别为44%、41%和15%。
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2020JJ4114,2016JJ3151)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51601229)+2 种基金the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST,China(No.2015QNRC001)the Hunan Province Innovation Platform and Talent Plan,China(No.2015RS4001)the Open-End Fund for the Valuable and Precision Instruments of Central South University,China(No.CSUZC201815)。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFE0115300 and 2017YFC0211703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91643208,82073658,and 91843302)+3 种基金the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-010,2017-I2M-1-004,and 2019-I2M-2-003)Research Unit of Prospective Cohort of Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU038)the China Medical Board(15-220)supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health(Award#1R01ES032140).
文摘Background:The trade-off between the benefits of regular physical activity(PA)and the potentially detrimental effects of augmented exposure to air pollution in highly polluted regions remains unclear.This study aimed to examine whether ambient fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure modified the impacts of PA volume and intensity on hypertension risk.Methods:We included 54,797 participants without hypertension at baseline in a nationwide cohort of the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China(China-PAR)project.PA volume and intensitywere assessed by questionnaire,and high-resolution(1 km×1 km)PM_(2.5)estimates were generated using a satellite-based model.Results:During 413,516 person-years of follow-up,12,100 incident hypertension cases were identified.PM_(2.5)significantly modified the relationship between PA and hypertension incidence(p_(interaction)<0.001).Increased PA volume was negatively associated with incident hypertension in the low PM_(2.5)stratum(<59.8μg/m^(3),ptrend<0.001),with a hazard ratio of 0.81(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.74-0.88)when comparing the fourth with the first quartile of PA volume.However,the health benefits were not observed in the high PM_(2.5)stratum(≥59.8μg/m^(3),p_(trend)=0.370).Moreover,compared with light PA intensity,vigorous intensity was related to a 20%(95%CI:9%-29%)decreased risk of hypertension for participants exposed to low PM_(2.5),but a 17%(95%CI:4%-33%)increased risk for those with high PM_(2.5)levels.Conclusion:PA was associated with a reduced risk of hypertension only among participants with low PM_(2.5)exposure.Our findings recommended regular PA to prevent hypertension in less polluted regions and reinforced the importance of air quality improvement.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB2001801)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University,China(No.220363)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51601229).
文摘The evolution of microstructure and properties of Al−5.87Zn−2.07Mg−2.42Cu alloys during non-isothermal aging was studied.The mechanical properties of the alloy were tested by stretching at room temperature.The results show that in the non-isothermal aging process,when the alloy is cooled to 140℃,the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy reaches a maximum value of 582 MPa and the elongation is 11.9%.The microstructure was tested through a transmission electron microscope,and the experimental results show that the GP zones andη'phases are the main strengthening precipitates.At the cooling stage,when the temperature dropped to 180℃,the GP zones were precipitated again.Besides,the experimental results show that the main strengthening phase during non-isothermal aging isη'phases.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81872375 and 82172863)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2021A1515010118).
文摘objective:Two cycles of induction chemotherapy(IC)followed by 2 cycles of platinum-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)(2IC+2CCRT)for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(LA-NPC)is widely adopted but not evidence-confirmed.This study aimed to determine the clinical value of 2IC+2CCRT regarding efficacy,toxicity and cost-effectiveness.Methods:This real-world study from two epidemic centers used propensity score matching(PSM)and inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)analyses.The enrolled patients were divided into three groups based on treatment modality:Group A(2IC+2CCRT),Group B(3IC+2CCRT or 2IC+3CCRT)and Group C(3IC+3CCRT).Long-term survival,acute toxicities and cost-effectiveness were compared among the groups.We developed a prognostic model dividing the population into high-and low-risk cohorts,and survivals including overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS)and locoregional relapse-free survival(LRRFS)were compared among the three groups according to certain risk stratifications.Results:Of 4,042 patients,1,175 were enrolled,with 660,419,and 96 included in Groups A,B and C,respectively.Five-year survivals were similar among the three groups after PSM and confirmed by IPTW.Grade 3-4 neutropenia and leukocytopenia were significantly higher in Groups C and B than in Group A(52.1%vs.41.5%vs.25.2%;41.7%vs.32.7%vs.25.0%)as were grade 3-4 nausea/vomiting and oral mucositis(29.2%vs.15.0%vs.6.1%;32.3%vs.25.3%vs.18.0%).Cost-effective analysis suggested that 2IC+2CCRT was the least expensive,while the health benefits were similar to those of the other groups.Further exploration showed that 2IC+2CCRT tended to be associated with a shorter PFS in high-risk patients,while 3IC+3CCRT potentially contributed to poor PFS in low-risk individuals,mainly reflected by LRRFS.Conclusions:In LA-NPC patients,2IC+2CCRT was the optimal choice regarding efficacy,toxicity and costeffectiveness;however,2IC+2CCRT and 3IC+3CCRT probably shortened LRRFS in high-and low-risk populations,respectively.
文摘Objective:To explore the application effect of the Eyesi surgical simulator in the teaching of cataract surgery for professional ophthalmology postgraduate students.Methods:The professional postgraduate students who were trained in the third year of ophthalmology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University were selected as the research objects.After passing the theoretical examination,they were randomly divided into the pig eyeball group,Eyesi group,and pig eye+Eyesi group,with 5 students in each group.The pig eyeball,Eyesi surgery simulator,and pig eye+Eyesi surgery simulator were used for microscopic technique operation and cataract surgery steps training,respectively.After the training,the overall training effects of the three groups of postgraduates were scored,and questionnaires were used to objectively evaluate the three training methods.Results:The scores of the students in the pig eye+Eyesi group were better than those in the Eyesi group,and the students in the Eyesi group were better than those in the pig eyeball group.Conclusion:The Eyesi surgical simulation training system can evaluate the microsurgical skills of professional masters and improve their surgical skills.This system is of great significance for the training of the cataract surgery skills of professional masters.
