The advancement of fiber materials over the centuries has played a crucial role in the progress of human civilization.Smart polymer fibers(SPFs)are a revolutionary family of materials with sensory,feedback,and respons...The advancement of fiber materials over the centuries has played a crucial role in the progress of human civilization.Smart polymer fibers(SPFs)are a revolutionary family of materials with sensory,feedback,and responsive attributes to chemical and physical stimuli,and are characterized by diverse microscopic structures.Multidimensional fiber microstructures have been fabricated by sophisticated preparation technologies,such as electrospinning,wet spinning,and microfluidic spinning,resulting in SPFs with responsiveness to various stimuli,such as thermal,pH,light,electricity,moisture,magnetic field,and multiple stimuli-responsive properties.In the past decade,cross-disciplinary developments in the refinement,intellectualization,and functionalization of SPFs and notable progress in the fibers'microstructure and stimuli-responsive properties have enabled wide applications in biomedicine,smart textiles,sensors,and water treatment.Herein,to comprehensively facilitate SPFs development in multidisciplinary and multifunctional domains,we elaborate on the correlation among material classification,microstructures formed by common preparation processes,stimuli-responsive properties,and their comprehensive applications.Finally,we aim to inspire scientists with diverse research backgrounds to apply multidisciplinary knowledge to promote the development and industrialization of SPFs.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)materials hold great promise for applications in optoelectronics,quantum information science,and energy conversion due to their remarkable properties imbued by their physical characteristics.Althoug...Two-dimensional(2D)materials hold great promise for applications in optoelectronics,quantum information science,and energy conversion due to their remarkable properties imbued by their physical characteristics.Although heterogeneities in their intrinsic structure are the major challenges limiting their synthesis and predictable properties,they also provide a pathway to controllably tune the properties and broaden the potential of 2D materials.Heterogeneities that can be tailored,including defects,dopants,strain,edges,and layer stackings offer transformative opportunities in heterogeneous 2D materials through the introduction of novel properties for technological applications.This article provides a review of recent progress in studying heterogeneities in 2D materials.The review uses examples from our work to develop a strategy to understand the heterogeneities across multiple length scales to link the effect of heterogeneity at the nanoscale with the macroscale properties of 2D materials.We describe specific types of heterogeneities and explore novel synthesis and processing methods for their controlled production with example of the potential impact and applications enabled by their intriguing properties.Finally,we provide a perspective on how to extend the range of tunable properties through further engineering the heterogeneities in 2D materials.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92271112).
文摘The advancement of fiber materials over the centuries has played a crucial role in the progress of human civilization.Smart polymer fibers(SPFs)are a revolutionary family of materials with sensory,feedback,and responsive attributes to chemical and physical stimuli,and are characterized by diverse microscopic structures.Multidimensional fiber microstructures have been fabricated by sophisticated preparation technologies,such as electrospinning,wet spinning,and microfluidic spinning,resulting in SPFs with responsiveness to various stimuli,such as thermal,pH,light,electricity,moisture,magnetic field,and multiple stimuli-responsive properties.In the past decade,cross-disciplinary developments in the refinement,intellectualization,and functionalization of SPFs and notable progress in the fibers'microstructure and stimuli-responsive properties have enabled wide applications in biomedicine,smart textiles,sensors,and water treatment.Herein,to comprehensively facilitate SPFs development in multidisciplinary and multifunctional domains,we elaborate on the correlation among material classification,microstructures formed by common preparation processes,stimuli-responsive properties,and their comprehensive applications.Finally,we aim to inspire scientists with diverse research backgrounds to apply multidisciplinary knowledge to promote the development and industrialization of SPFs.
基金This work was supported by the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences(CNMS),which is a DOE Office of Science User FacilityThe synthesis science in this work was supported by the U.S.D epartm ent of Energy,Office of Science,Basic Energy Sciences,Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)materials hold great promise for applications in optoelectronics,quantum information science,and energy conversion due to their remarkable properties imbued by their physical characteristics.Although heterogeneities in their intrinsic structure are the major challenges limiting their synthesis and predictable properties,they also provide a pathway to controllably tune the properties and broaden the potential of 2D materials.Heterogeneities that can be tailored,including defects,dopants,strain,edges,and layer stackings offer transformative opportunities in heterogeneous 2D materials through the introduction of novel properties for technological applications.This article provides a review of recent progress in studying heterogeneities in 2D materials.The review uses examples from our work to develop a strategy to understand the heterogeneities across multiple length scales to link the effect of heterogeneity at the nanoscale with the macroscale properties of 2D materials.We describe specific types of heterogeneities and explore novel synthesis and processing methods for their controlled production with example of the potential impact and applications enabled by their intriguing properties.Finally,we provide a perspective on how to extend the range of tunable properties through further engineering the heterogeneities in 2D materials.
