Polylactic acid(PLA)and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)are food contact materials that can generate biodegradable microplastics(BMPs)during food interaction,which may pose potential health risks upon ing...Polylactic acid(PLA)and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)are food contact materials that can generate biodegradable microplastics(BMPs)during food interaction,which may pose potential health risks upon ingestion.However,research on the formation of oligomers during the digestion of these BMPs and their effects on human gut microbiota remains insufficient.In this study,PLA and PBAT BMPs with irregular shapes and particle sizes less than 100μm were prepared using cryogenic milling.An in vitro digestion model revealed that these BMPs exhibited surface erosion in both the stomach and small intestine,generating smaller BMPs(2-5μm for PLA,and 4-10μm for PBAT).PLA oligomers formed in the stomach were subsequently completely degraded,while PBAT oligomers increased continuously,with linear oligomers being predominant.In vitro colonic fermentation demonstrated that PLA BMPs elevated the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and enhanced beneficial bacterial populations to alleviate intestinal stress,whereas PBAT BMPs reduced this ratio and increased the risk of intestinal inflammation.Notably,human gut microbiota contributes to PBAT oligomers formation.PLA BMPs increased butyric acid levels,and PBAT BMPs elevated pentanoic acid levels but inhibited propionic and hexanoic acids levels.PBAT BMPs may pose greater hazards than PLA BMPs,with larger BMPs having greater impacts.This study provides a foundation for the risk management of BMPs migrating into food.展开更多
The potential migration of chemicals from disposable biodegradable tableware into food raises safety concerns regarding human health.This study utilized an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole timeo...The potential migration of chemicals from disposable biodegradable tableware into food raises safety concerns regarding human health.This study utilized an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole timeofflight mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF/MS)for the non-targeted identification of chemical migrants in 41 commercially available disposable biodegradable tableware products in the Chinese market.A total of 303 migrant compounds were identified,comprising primarily 123 oligomers,45 esters,and 31 amines.In addition,the predominant additives and related substances included 58 slip agents,27 antistatic agents,and 22 antioxidants.To comprehensively evaluate potential hazards for chemical migrants,we enhanced an existing toxicity risk matrix by incorporating endocrine disruption-related toxicity endpoints.The developed risk classification strategy was employed to categorize the 303 migrants into distinct risk levels.Notably,47 substances were classified as posing the highest risk level(RISK I),which primarily comprised slip agents(e.g.palmitamide),antioxidant degradation products(e.g.bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphonate,7,9-di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro[4.5]deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione),and plasticizers(e.g.triisobutyl phosphate),In conclusion,this study presents a comprehensive methodology and offers a scientific basis for the safety assessment of chemical migrants in disposable biodegradable tableware.展开更多
基金support obtained from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472450).
文摘Polylactic acid(PLA)and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)are food contact materials that can generate biodegradable microplastics(BMPs)during food interaction,which may pose potential health risks upon ingestion.However,research on the formation of oligomers during the digestion of these BMPs and their effects on human gut microbiota remains insufficient.In this study,PLA and PBAT BMPs with irregular shapes and particle sizes less than 100μm were prepared using cryogenic milling.An in vitro digestion model revealed that these BMPs exhibited surface erosion in both the stomach and small intestine,generating smaller BMPs(2-5μm for PLA,and 4-10μm for PBAT).PLA oligomers formed in the stomach were subsequently completely degraded,while PBAT oligomers increased continuously,with linear oligomers being predominant.In vitro colonic fermentation demonstrated that PLA BMPs elevated the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and enhanced beneficial bacterial populations to alleviate intestinal stress,whereas PBAT BMPs reduced this ratio and increased the risk of intestinal inflammation.Notably,human gut microbiota contributes to PBAT oligomers formation.PLA BMPs increased butyric acid levels,and PBAT BMPs elevated pentanoic acid levels but inhibited propionic and hexanoic acids levels.PBAT BMPs may pose greater hazards than PLA BMPs,with larger BMPs having greater impacts.This study provides a foundation for the risk management of BMPs migrating into food.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472450)。
文摘The potential migration of chemicals from disposable biodegradable tableware into food raises safety concerns regarding human health.This study utilized an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole timeofflight mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF/MS)for the non-targeted identification of chemical migrants in 41 commercially available disposable biodegradable tableware products in the Chinese market.A total of 303 migrant compounds were identified,comprising primarily 123 oligomers,45 esters,and 31 amines.In addition,the predominant additives and related substances included 58 slip agents,27 antistatic agents,and 22 antioxidants.To comprehensively evaluate potential hazards for chemical migrants,we enhanced an existing toxicity risk matrix by incorporating endocrine disruption-related toxicity endpoints.The developed risk classification strategy was employed to categorize the 303 migrants into distinct risk levels.Notably,47 substances were classified as posing the highest risk level(RISK I),which primarily comprised slip agents(e.g.palmitamide),antioxidant degradation products(e.g.bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphonate,7,9-di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro[4.5]deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione),and plasticizers(e.g.triisobutyl phosphate),In conclusion,this study presents a comprehensive methodology and offers a scientific basis for the safety assessment of chemical migrants in disposable biodegradable tableware.
