Bile leakage remains a formidable challenge in post-liver transplantation management,posing significant risks to patient outcomes and graft survival.This editorial provides a critical appraisal of the recent clinical ...Bile leakage remains a formidable challenge in post-liver transplantation management,posing significant risks to patient outcomes and graft survival.This editorial provides a critical appraisal of the recent clinical study by Gu et al,which compared the efficacy of stent placement vs endoscopic nasobiliary drainage(ENBD)for treating post-transplant bile leaks.By retrospectively analyzing data from their institutional cohort of liver transplant recipients with bile leaks,the authors evaluated the therapeutic success rates and clinical outcomes between the stent and ENBD groups,with a focused discussion on the relative advantages of each approach.Gu et al demonstrated that both stent placement and ENBD were effective in managing post-transplant bile leaks,with comparable therapeutic outcomes.However,the study also recognized its limitations,such as the lack of an assessment of the impact of bile leak severity on outcome and the absence of long-term follow-up data.The editorial further highlights the pressing need for advancing research on long-term complications post-liver transplantation and underscores the pivotal role of clinical stratification and physician expertise in guiding therapeutic decisions.In summary,Gu et al’s study enhances our understanding of mitigating post-transplant complications like bile leaks and offers evidence-based insights to refine clinical protocols.This commentary aims to contextualize current research trends and future directions in the field,advocating for sustained innovation and evidence-driven practice.展开更多
Background:QiShenYiQi(QSYQ)is commonly accepted to treat ischemic stroke(IS)in clinical settings,yet the underlying mechanism of action of QSYQ is largely unknown.Methods:By combining systems pharmacology with experim...Background:QiShenYiQi(QSYQ)is commonly accepted to treat ischemic stroke(IS)in clinical settings,yet the underlying mechanism of action of QSYQ is largely unknown.Methods:By combining systems pharmacology with experimental assessment,we examined the key targets,bioactive components,and mechanisms of QSYQ against IS.Results:Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform predicted a total number of 254 targets that were potentially related to QSYQ,whereas 699 targets associated with IS were gathered from Therapeutic Target Database,Comparative Toxicogenomics Database,Gene Cards,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,and National Center for Biotechnology Information databases,and 83 of these targets overlap with QSYQ-related targets.Importantly,through the analysis of Gene Ontology functional annotation,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment,and protein-protein interaction network,we identified 20 related signaling pathways along with 4 hub genes.Subsequently,our molecular docking results revealed that QSYQ might interact with PTGS2,PTGS1,SCN5A,and HSP90AB1.We observed dose-dependent beneficial effects of QSYQ in significantly improving neurological function and alleviating histopathological damage in middle cerebral artery occlusion model,while decreasing infarct volume.Notablely,QSYQ markedly downregulates tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1 beta.Overall,this study demonstrates the synergetic effects of QSYQ on regulating multi-targets in IS through inhibiting inflammatory processes and neuronal apoptosis,these findings may expand the understanding of QSYQ and provide guidance for its clinical application in treating IS.Conclusion:Current study reveals the protective roles of QSYQ against IS through modulating PTGS2/PTGS1/SCN5A/HSP90AB1 and TNF signaling pathways.展开更多
Background:Neurological disorders(NDs),including ischemic stroke(IS),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality.Boswellia extract has demonstrated ne...Background:Neurological disorders(NDs),including ischemic stroke(IS),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality.Boswellia extract has demonstrated neuroprotective properties,yet a comprehensive systematic review assessing its efficacy remains absent.This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Boswellia extract in treating NDs,with a particular focus on its effects in AD and its potential for long-term neurorestoration,thereby supporting further investigation into Boswellia’s therapeutic role in ND management.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,and Google Scholar for English-language studies published up to March 2024.Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis.The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42024524386).Eligible studies involved rodent models of IS,PD,or AD with post-operative interventions using Boswellia extract.Data extraction focused on mechanisms of action,dosages,treatment durations,and therapeutic outcomes.Studies were excluded if they involved non-ND models,combined treatments,or had incomplete data.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction.Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata(version 17)and RevMan(version 5.4),employing fixed or random-effects models based on heterogeneity assessments.Result s:Boswellia extract significantly improved the mean effect size for NDs(ES=1.28,95%CI(1.05,1.51),P<0.001).Specifically,it reduced cerebral infarct volume in IS(SMD=−2.87,95%CI(−3.42,−2.32))and enhanced behavioral outcomes in AD(SMD=3.26,95%CI(2.07,5.14))and PD(SMD=5.37,95%CI(3.93,6.80)).Subgroup analyses revealed that Boswellia extract exhibited superior efficacy in AD when administered orally and via intra-cerebroventricular injection.Long-term treatment with Boswellia extract suggested potential neurorestorative effects.Additionally,Boswellia extract was more effective than its monomeric constituents,highlighting its promising role in ND treatment.Conclusion:Boswellia extract demonstrates significant neuroprotective effects across various NDs,particularly in AD and in promoting long-term neurorestoration.These findings support the need for further research into Boswellia’s potential as a therapeutic agent in the management of neurological disorders.展开更多
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized byclinical symptoms of diarrhea and mucopurulent bloody stools, and its incidenceis increasing globally. The etiology and pathogenesis of U...Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized byclinical symptoms of diarrhea and mucopurulent bloody stools, and its incidenceis increasing globally. The etiology and pathogenesis of UC remain elusive. Currenttherapeutic approaches, including anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressiveand immunomodulating agents, are often limited in efficacy and frequently associatedwith adverse drug reactions. Therefore, there is an urgent need to developsafer and more effective treatment strategies to address the limitations of existingtherapies. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (HQ), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb,has been employed in the treatment of UC for over 2000 years. Recent studieshave demonstrated that HQ contains multiple active components capable oftreating UC through anti-inflammation, immune modulation, intestinal barrierprotection, antioxidant activity, and regulation of the gut microbiota. This paperreviews recent studies on the mechanism of action and clinical trials of HQ intreating UC based on relevant literature, with the aim of providing valuable insightsinto future treatment approaches.展开更多
Wellbore collapse frequently happens in the clay shale formation.To maintain wellbore stability,appropriate mud pressure is a vital factor.When clay formation is opened,drilling unloading occurs,modifying rock structu...Wellbore collapse frequently happens in the clay shale formation.To maintain wellbore stability,appropriate mud pressure is a vital factor.When clay formation is opened,drilling unloading occurs,modifying rock structure and strength at the wall of borehole,which affects the selection of mud pressure.Currently,mechanism of drilling unloading is still poorly understood which in return will bring a concern to wellbore stability.Therefore,in this study,a combination of triaxial compressive test and ultrasonic wave test has been used to simulate drilling unloading and analyze its mechanism.Results indicate that more void space is created inside the clay shale sample due to unloading.This structure change leads to a decline of strength and acoustic amplitude.Additionally,unloading influence is depended on varying drilling unloading parameters.Small unloading range and fast unloading rate are able to enhance stability.With various degrees of unloading impact,collapse pressure equivalent density has a clear modification,proving that unloading is a non-negligible influencing factor of wellbore stability.Besides,the unloading effect is much stronger in large confining pressure,implying that more attention should be given to unloading when drilling is in extreme deep or high geostress formation.Findings in this paper can offer theoretical guidance for drilling in the clay shale formation.展开更多
This study provides δ^13C profiles from a lower-slope(Well ZK102)to basin(Bahuang Section)environment to better understand the temporal and spatial variability in δ^13Ccarb-δ^13Corg of the Yangtze Block during the ...This study provides δ^13C profiles from a lower-slope(Well ZK102)to basin(Bahuang Section)environment to better understand the temporal and spatial variability in δ^13Ccarb-δ^13Corg of the Yangtze Block during the Late Ediacaran.Our new δ^13C profiles together with the reported data suggest that the Upper Ediacaran successions from different depositional environments are generally bounded by negative δ^13Ccarb and/or δ^13Corg excursions in the underlying and overlying strata.Moreover,the Upper Ediacaran δ^13Ccarb profiles generally can be subdivided into two positive excursions and an interjacent negative excursion,whereas the paired δ^13Corg profiles from different depositional environments have individual variation trends.On the other hand,these data show a large surface-to-deep waterδ^13C gradient(~5‰variation in δ^13Ccarb,>10‰variation in δ^13Corg)which can be reasonably explained by the heterogeneity of the biological activities in the redox-stratified water column.Furthermore,the decoupled δ^13Ccarb-δ^13Corg pattern with large δ^13Corg perturbations at the lower slope precluded the existence of a large dissolved organic carbon reservoir at the Yangtze Block during the Late Ediacaran.Thus,the high δ^13Ccarb values in the Upper Ediacaran succession could be balanced by large amounts of buried organic carbon likely associated with high productivity.展开更多
The MCrAlY coating has been potential candidate for the parts applied in friction and corrosion conditions, and CNTs (carbon nanotubes) are expected to improve the service performance of coatings owing to high lubrica...The MCrAlY coating has been potential candidate for the parts applied in friction and corrosion conditions, and CNTs (carbon nanotubes) are expected to improve the service performance of coatings owing to high lubrication and low chemical reactivity. In this work, a systematic investigation on the tribological and corrosion properties of CoCrAlYTaSiC-xCNTs coatings deposited by laser melting was analyzed. Results showed that the coatings had good-quality without typical metallurgical defects. The CNTs addition homogenized and refined the microstructure of coating, and also improved the tribological and corrosion properties. As the CNTs content changed from 0 to 4 wt%, the wear rate of coating decreased from 16.23 × 10^(-3) to 7.58 × 10^(-3) mg m^(−1), the jcorr of coating decreased from 4.13 × 10^(-4) to 1.23 × 10^(-4) A cm^(−2), and the Rct values increased from 12.69 to 25.07 Ω cm2.展开更多
In 2022,Yellow Sea green tide caused by Ulva prolifera reached a historic minimum and the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula were less affected.However,the largest amount of seaweed biomass has been washed ashore on ...In 2022,Yellow Sea green tide caused by Ulva prolifera reached a historic minimum and the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula were less affected.However,the largest amount of seaweed biomass has been washed ashore on Lianyungang and Rizhao coasts since 2015.We studied the development pattern of Yellow Sea green tide in 2022,and analyzed the key environmental factors on the growth and drifting,then discussed the possible reasons that resulted in the massive stranding of green tide biomass in Lianyungang and Rizhao.Results show under the combined influence of the east to southeast winds and currents with shoreward anomalies,green tide drifted to the coastal waters between Shandong and Jiangsu provinces and the distribution areas located westward compared with previous years(2008–2021).Floating U.prolifera rafts from the coastal waters of Binhai and Sheyang drifted continuously into the coastal waters of Lianyungang and Rizhao,providing important supplements for Yellow Sea green tide.Because green tide in 2022 distributed close to the coastal waters,the abundant nutrients might support their continuous high growth rate.In addition,the amount of rainfall around Shandong Peninsula from late June to early July were significantly higher than in previous years,which might promote the development of green tide to some extent.展开更多
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)poses a prevalent challenge in current reperfusion therapies,with an absence of efficacious interventions to address the underlying causes.AIM To investigate whet...BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)poses a prevalent challenge in current reperfusion therapies,with an absence of efficacious interventions to address the underlying causes.AIM To investigate whether the extracellular vesicles(EVs)secreted by adipose mesenchymal stem cells(ADSCs)derived from subcutaneous inguinal adipose tissue(IAT)underγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)induction(GABA-EVs^(IAT))demonstrate a more pronounced inhibitory effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.METHODS We investigated the potential protective effects of EVs derived from mouse ADSCs pretreated with GABA.We assessed cardiomyocyte injury using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling and Annexin V/propidium iodide assays.The integrity of cardiomyocyte mitochondria morphology was assessed using electron microscopy across various intervention backgrounds.To explore the functional RNA diversity between EVs^(IAT)and GABA-EVs^(IAT),we employed microRNA(miR)sequencing.Through a dual-luciferase reporter assay,we confirmed the molecular mechanism by which EVs mediate thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP).Western blotting and immunofluorescence were conducted to determine how TXNIP is involved in mediation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.RESULTS Our study demonstrates that,under the influence of GABA,ADSCs exhibit an increased capacity to encapsulate a higher abundance of miR-21-5p within EVs.Consequently,this leads to a more pronounced inhibitory effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress compared to EVs from ADSCs without GABA intervention,ultimately resulting in myocardial protection.On a molecular mechanism level,EVs regulate the expression of TXNIP and mitigating excessive oxidative stress in mitochondria during MIRI process to rescue cardiomyocytes.CONCLUSION Administration of GABA leads to the specific loading of miR-21-5p into EVs by ADSCs,thereby regulating the expression of TXNIP.The EVs derived from ADSCs treated with GABA effectively ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitigates cardiomyocytes damage in the pathological process of MIRI.展开更多
Taking the Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome as an example,the research method of pharmacology of syndrome management system was proposed.By means of text mining,systematic pharmacology and target analysis,to attempt to ...Taking the Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome as an example,the research method of pharmacology of syndrome management system was proposed.By means of text mining,systematic pharmacology and target analysis,to attempt to reveal the essence of the corresponding syndrome by studying the drugs and targets of Qi and Yin deficiency.Fourteen Chinese herbs treating Qi and Yin deficiency were retrieved and used more than 30 times,and 9,317 related targets were predicted.The common targets of action were 85.Topological analysis was carried out by using degree centrality,closeness centrality and betweenness centrality to confirm that estrogen receptor(ESR1),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),D(2)dopamine receptor(DRD2),vitamin D3 receptor(VDR),glucocorticoid receptor(NR3C1),acetylcholinesterase(ACHE)and endothelin-1(EDN1)were highly correlated with Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome.Through the target to find Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome corresponding to 17 categories of diseases.A new idea was provided for studying the biological essence of TCM clinical syndrome differentiation.展开更多
Abundant bitumen can be discovered in the wells of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in the Sichuan Basin and their peripheral outcrops sections.As the cracking product of a paleo-oil reservoir,the occurrence morphologi...Abundant bitumen can be discovered in the wells of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in the Sichuan Basin and their peripheral outcrops sections.As the cracking product of a paleo-oil reservoir,the occurrence morphologies and distribution characteristics of bitumen in carbonate reservoirs can indicate the preservation,migration and other key information of(paleo-)oil and gas reservoirs.In order to provide reference and basis for the deep and ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin and the basins in western China,this paper systematically studies the occurrence morphological characteristics of bitumen in deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs in well Gaoshi 1 of the Sichuan Basin by carrying out thin section observation,scanning electron microscope-energy spectrum analysis and fluid inclusion organic geochemical analysis on the cores of the fourth member of Dengying Formation(Deng 4 Member).In addition,the coupling relationship between the occurrence morphology of bitumen and the key event of hydrocarbon accumulation is revealed.And the following research results are obtained.First,solid bitumen in the Deng 4 Member deep and ultra-deep reservoir has two types of occurrence morphology.The first type of bitumen adheres to pore walls in the shape of a rim or exists in pores in the form of sticky branch(e.g.,Wells Chuanshen 1 and Gaoshi 1).There are more obvious shrinkage fractures and residual pores generated by in-situ thermal cracking in this type of bitumen.And combined with fluid inclusion and burial thermal history,it can effectively indicate that a paleo-gas reservoir has been preserved so far since the paleo-oil reservoir was thermally cracked into carbonaceous bitumen.The second type of bitumen is distributed in intra-and inter-neogenic mineral crystals in pores disorderly in the shape of grain and band(e.g.,Wells Mashen 1 and Wutan 1)and it has obvious breaking edges.It reveals that after a paleo-oil reservoir was thermally cracked into carbonaceous bitumen,the paleo-gas reservoir suffered blowdown and gas escape and neogenic fluid minerals moved into reservoirs to fill in pores.In conclusion,the occurrence morphologies and distribution characteristics of bitumen in deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs can effectively indicate the hydrocarbon accumulation and evolution process of paleo-oil and gas reservoirs.展开更多
It has been reported that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.As a result,the development of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway has attracted increasing a...It has been reported that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.As a result,the development of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway has attracted increasing attention from researchers.This article reviews the pathological mechanisms and advancements in research related to the signaling pathways in ischemic stroke,with a focus on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.The key findings include the following:(1)The complex pathological mechanisms of ischemic stroke can be categorized into five major types:excitatory amino acid toxicity,Ca^(2+)overload,inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and apoptosis.(2)The PI3K/AKT-mediated signaling pathway is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of ischemic stroke,which primarily involves the NF-κB,NRF2,BCL-2,mTOR,and endothelial NOS signaling pathways.(3)Natural products,including flavonoids,quinones,alkaloids,phenylpropanoids,phenols,terpenoids,and iridoids,show great potential as candidate substances for the development of innovative anti-stroke medications.(4)Recently,novel therapeutic techniques,such as electroacupuncture and mesenchymal stem cell therapy,have demonstrated the potential to improve stroke outcomes by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,providing new possibilities for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke.Future investigations should focus on the direct regulatory mechanisms of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and their clinical translation to develop innovative treatment strategies for ischemic stroke.展开更多
Tissue interactions play a crucial role in tooth development.Notably,extracellular vesicle-mediated interactions between the mandible and tooth germ are considered essential.Here,we revealed that mandible extracellula...Tissue interactions play a crucial role in tooth development.Notably,extracellular vesicle-mediated interactions between the mandible and tooth germ are considered essential.Here,we revealed that mandible extracellular vesicles could modulate the proliferation and differentiation of dental mesenchymal cells by regulating the histone demethylase KDM2B.Further investigation showed that mandible derived extracellular vesicles could deliver miR-206 to KDM2B,thereby regulating tooth development.An animal study demonstrated that the miR-206/KDM2B pathway affected tooth morphogenesis and mineralization after eight weeks of subcutaneous transplantation in nude mice.In conclusion,this study suggested that the mandible played a critical role in tooth morphogenesis and mineralization,which could be a potential therapeutic target for abnormal tooth development and an alternative model for tooth regeneration.展开更多
China's Northern and Southern Dynasties period(3rd–6th centuries AD)marked a significant era of ethnic integration in northern China.However,previous ancient DNA studies have primarily focused on northern ethnic ...China's Northern and Southern Dynasties period(3rd–6th centuries AD)marked a significant era of ethnic integration in northern China.However,previous ancient DNA studies have primarily focused on northern ethnic groups,with limited research on the genetic formation of the hereditary elite family,especially considering their abundant archaeological record and clear material identity.In this study,we obtain the ancient genome of a hereditary elite family,Gao Bin(高宾,503 AD–572 AD),at 0.6473-fold coverage with 475,132 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)on the 1240k panel.His mitochondrial haplogroup belongs to Z4 and Y-haplogroup to O1a1a2b-F2444∗.The genetic profile of Gao Bin is most similar to that of the northern Han Chinese.He can be modeled as deriving all his ancestry from Late Neolithic to Iron Age Yellow River farmers without influence from Northeast Asia,Korea,or the Mongolian Plateau.Our study sheds light on the genetic formation of hereditary elite families in the context of the Southern and Northern Dynasties ethnic integration.展开更多
Qin Medicine,referring to the traditional medicinal system and geo-authentic herbs originating from Shaanxi Province and its surrounding regions,has played a pivotal role in the evolution of Chinese medicine.Rooted in...Qin Medicine,referring to the traditional medicinal system and geo-authentic herbs originating from Shaanxi Province and its surrounding regions,has played a pivotal role in the evolution of Chinese medicine.Rooted in the distinct biogeographical landscape of the“Three Qin”region-comprising northern Shaanxi’s Loess Plateau,the Guanzhong Plain,and the southern Qinling-Bashan Mountains-Qin Medicine embodies the synergistic convergence of endemic biodiversity,empirical therapeutic traditions,and regional cultural identity[1].The distinct biogeographical landscape of the“Three Qin”region profoundly shaped Qin Medicine’s development.The arid Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi,characterized by drought-tolerant flora,yields herbs such as Huangqi(Astragalus membranaceus)and Dahuang(Rheum palmatum)in harsh environments.In contrast,the biodiverse,humid Qinling-Bashan Mountains fostered a wealth of herbs for clearing heat,resolving dampness,and calming the spirit,such as Huanglian(Coptis chinensis),Fuling(Poria cocos),and Tianma(Gastrodia elata).The fertile Guanzhong Plain supported the cultivation of herbs such as Baishao(Paeonia lactiflora)and Danggui(Angelica sinensis)[2].This article traces the historical trajectory of Qin Medicine,systematically analyzing its formation,development,and modern advancements.展开更多
On May 22,2021,an M_(S)7.4 earthquake occurred in Maduo County,Qinghai Province,on the western plateau of China.The level of seismic monitoring in this area was inadequate,and incomplete seismic waveforms were obtaine...On May 22,2021,an M_(S)7.4 earthquake occurred in Maduo County,Qinghai Province,on the western plateau of China.The level of seismic monitoring in this area was inadequate,and incomplete seismic waveforms were obtained from a few broadband seismometers located within 300 km of the epicentre.All waveforms showed“truncation”phenomena.The waveforms of earthquakes can guide ground motion inputs in near-fault areas.This paper uses the empirical Green's function method to consider the uncertainties in source parameters and source rupture processes by synthesizing high-probability,accurate waveforms in Maduo County(MAD station)near the epicentre.The acceleration waveform at the DAW strong-motion station,located 176 km from the epicentre,is first synthesized with the observed waveform of the mainshock.This critical step not only provides a more accurate source and rupture model of the Maduo earthquake but also establishes an essential reference standard.Secondly,the inferred models are rigorously applied to synthesize the acceleration waveform of the MAD station,ensuring that the results maintain a high accuracy and probability.The findings suggest that(1)the simulated acceleration waveform for the MAD station can better characterize the actual ground motion characteristics of the M_(S)7.4 earthquake in Maduo County,with high accuracy and probability in peak ground acceleration(Abbreviated as PGA)ranges of 140–240 and 350–390 cm/s^(2),respectively,and(2)the M_(S)7.4 earthquake did not undergo a complete supershear rupture process.The first asperity located on the east side of the epicentre is most likely to undergo supershear rupture.However,the Maduo earthquake may have been a complete subshear rupture.(3)The fault dislocation model of the three-asperity model better matches the actual source rupture process of the Maduo earthquake.This method can provide relatively accurate acceleration waveforms for regions with limited earthquake monitoring capabilities and assist in analysis of building seismic damage response,earthquake-induced geological disasters and sand liquefaction,and estimation of regional disaster losses.展开更多
The inherent complexities of excitable cardiac,nervous,and skeletal muscle tissues pose great challenges in constructing artificial counterparts that closely resemble their natural bioelectrical,structural,and mechani...The inherent complexities of excitable cardiac,nervous,and skeletal muscle tissues pose great challenges in constructing artificial counterparts that closely resemble their natural bioelectrical,structural,and mechanical properties.Recent advances have increasingly revealed the beneficial impact of bioelectrical microenvironments on cellular behaviors,tissue regeneration,and therapeutic efficacy for excitable tissues.This review aims to unveil the mechanisms by which electrical microenvironments enhance the regeneration and functionality of excitable cells and tissues,considering both endogenous electrical cues from electroactive biomaterials and exogenous electrical stimuli from external electronic systems.We explore the synergistic effects of these electrical microenvironments,combined with structural and mechanical guidance,on the regeneration of excitable tissues using tissue engineering scaffolds.Additionally,the emergence of micro/nanoscale bioelectronics has significantly broadened this field,facilitating intimate interactions between implantable bioelectronics and excitable tissues across cellular,tissue,and organ levels.These interactions enable precise data acquisition and localized modulation of cell and tissue functionalities through intricately designed electronic components according to physiological needs.The integration of tissue engineering and bioelectronics promises optimal outcomes,highlighting a growing trend in developing living tissue construct-bioelectronic hybrids for restoring and monitoring damaged excitable tissues.Furthermore,we envision critical challenges in engineering the next-generation hybrids,focusing on integrated fabrication strategies,the development of ionic conductive biomaterials,and their convergence with biosensors.展开更多
BACKGROUND The rural elderly in China have a high prevalence of depressive symptoms,which is closely linked to poor sleep quality.This not only poses significant threats to their physical and mental health but also la...BACKGROUND The rural elderly in China have a high prevalence of depressive symptoms,which is closely linked to poor sleep quality.This not only poses significant threats to their physical and mental health but also lacks in-depth exploration of associations specific to different sleep dimensions.We hypothesize that specific sleep dimensions are independently and significantly associated with depressive symptoms in this population.AIM To explore the links between different sleep dimensions and depressive symptoms among rural elderly in China.METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 5136 older adults(≥60 years)recruited between April and June 2024.Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the associations between problems in different sleep dimensions and depressive symptoms among these older adults.RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 19.5%,and the overall rate of sleep disorders was 40.13%.Among the rural elderly,six sleep dimensions were found to be statistically significantly associated with depressive symptoms(all P<0.05),with the following odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs):Subjective sleep quality(OR=2.066,95%CI:1.709-2.497),sleep onset latency(OR=2.476,95%CI:2.062-2.972),sleep efficiency(OR=1.686,95%CI:1.369-2.076),sleep disturbances(OR=2.092,95%CI:1.566-2.795),daytime dysfunction(OR=3.378,95%CI:2.882-3.959),and use of hypnotic medications(OR=1.662,95%CI:1.093-2.525).CONCLUSION Poor subjective sleep quality,prolonged sleep onset latency,reduced sleep efficiency,sleep disturbances,daytime dysfunction,and use of hypnotic medications are associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly.Therefore,healthcare professionals should target elderly individuals with sleep disorders and implement effective interventions to alleviate their depressive symptoms.展开更多
For searching alternative strategies to improve reliability of titanium and steel dissimilar bimetallic joints manufactured by directed energy deposition with laser beam(DED-LB),pure titanium was considered as claddin...For searching alternative strategies to improve reliability of titanium and steel dissimilar bimetallic joints manufactured by directed energy deposition with laser beam(DED-LB),pure titanium was considered as cladding deposited on carbon steel substrate with Ni-based alloy interlayers in this work.Effect of different interlayer modification methods on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of joints was analyzed systematically.The distribution of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)such asβ-Ti,Ti_(2)Ni,TiNiFe_(0.2),Ti_(2)Ni_(3)Si and TiB_(2)in joints was revealed.The results showed that original deposition cracks caused by residual stress during processing could be alleviated by substrate preheating treatment while suppressed by the modified interlayer with Cr completely.Notably,additional Cr could reduce reaction activity between Ti and Ni atoms by raising laser molten pool liquidus,leading to fewer IMCs in joints.As a result,both bonding strength and toughness of joints were remarkably improved.The findings em-phasize more significance of optimizing Ni-based interlayer composition with Cr than preheating method to improve the mechanical performance of DED-LB joints.展开更多
文摘Bile leakage remains a formidable challenge in post-liver transplantation management,posing significant risks to patient outcomes and graft survival.This editorial provides a critical appraisal of the recent clinical study by Gu et al,which compared the efficacy of stent placement vs endoscopic nasobiliary drainage(ENBD)for treating post-transplant bile leaks.By retrospectively analyzing data from their institutional cohort of liver transplant recipients with bile leaks,the authors evaluated the therapeutic success rates and clinical outcomes between the stent and ENBD groups,with a focused discussion on the relative advantages of each approach.Gu et al demonstrated that both stent placement and ENBD were effective in managing post-transplant bile leaks,with comparable therapeutic outcomes.However,the study also recognized its limitations,such as the lack of an assessment of the impact of bile leak severity on outcome and the absence of long-term follow-up data.The editorial further highlights the pressing need for advancing research on long-term complications post-liver transplantation and underscores the pivotal role of clinical stratification and physician expertise in guiding therapeutic decisions.In summary,Gu et al’s study enhances our understanding of mitigating post-transplant complications like bile leaks and offers evidence-based insights to refine clinical protocols.This commentary aims to contextualize current research trends and future directions in the field,advocating for sustained innovation and evidence-driven practice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82274313)Projects of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2022-SLRH-YQ-010)Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology.
文摘Background:QiShenYiQi(QSYQ)is commonly accepted to treat ischemic stroke(IS)in clinical settings,yet the underlying mechanism of action of QSYQ is largely unknown.Methods:By combining systems pharmacology with experimental assessment,we examined the key targets,bioactive components,and mechanisms of QSYQ against IS.Results:Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform predicted a total number of 254 targets that were potentially related to QSYQ,whereas 699 targets associated with IS were gathered from Therapeutic Target Database,Comparative Toxicogenomics Database,Gene Cards,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,and National Center for Biotechnology Information databases,and 83 of these targets overlap with QSYQ-related targets.Importantly,through the analysis of Gene Ontology functional annotation,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment,and protein-protein interaction network,we identified 20 related signaling pathways along with 4 hub genes.Subsequently,our molecular docking results revealed that QSYQ might interact with PTGS2,PTGS1,SCN5A,and HSP90AB1.We observed dose-dependent beneficial effects of QSYQ in significantly improving neurological function and alleviating histopathological damage in middle cerebral artery occlusion model,while decreasing infarct volume.Notablely,QSYQ markedly downregulates tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1 beta.Overall,this study demonstrates the synergetic effects of QSYQ on regulating multi-targets in IS through inhibiting inflammatory processes and neuronal apoptosis,these findings may expand the understanding of QSYQ and provide guidance for its clinical application in treating IS.Conclusion:Current study reveals the protective roles of QSYQ against IS through modulating PTGS2/PTGS1/SCN5A/HSP90AB1 and TNF signaling pathways.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,specifically through grants(No.8227431382304947)Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(2023GHZD43).Peer re v iew information。
文摘Background:Neurological disorders(NDs),including ischemic stroke(IS),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality.Boswellia extract has demonstrated neuroprotective properties,yet a comprehensive systematic review assessing its efficacy remains absent.This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Boswellia extract in treating NDs,with a particular focus on its effects in AD and its potential for long-term neurorestoration,thereby supporting further investigation into Boswellia’s therapeutic role in ND management.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,and Google Scholar for English-language studies published up to March 2024.Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis.The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42024524386).Eligible studies involved rodent models of IS,PD,or AD with post-operative interventions using Boswellia extract.Data extraction focused on mechanisms of action,dosages,treatment durations,and therapeutic outcomes.Studies were excluded if they involved non-ND models,combined treatments,or had incomplete data.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction.Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata(version 17)and RevMan(version 5.4),employing fixed or random-effects models based on heterogeneity assessments.Result s:Boswellia extract significantly improved the mean effect size for NDs(ES=1.28,95%CI(1.05,1.51),P<0.001).Specifically,it reduced cerebral infarct volume in IS(SMD=−2.87,95%CI(−3.42,−2.32))and enhanced behavioral outcomes in AD(SMD=3.26,95%CI(2.07,5.14))and PD(SMD=5.37,95%CI(3.93,6.80)).Subgroup analyses revealed that Boswellia extract exhibited superior efficacy in AD when administered orally and via intra-cerebroventricular injection.Long-term treatment with Boswellia extract suggested potential neurorestorative effects.Additionally,Boswellia extract was more effective than its monomeric constituents,highlighting its promising role in ND treatment.Conclusion:Boswellia extract demonstrates significant neuroprotective effects across various NDs,particularly in AD and in promoting long-term neurorestoration.These findings support the need for further research into Boswellia’s potential as a therapeutic agent in the management of neurological disorders.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82374200Construction of Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation Development Demonstration Pilot Projects in Pudong New Area-High-Level Research-Oriented Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Construction,No.YC-2023-0901.
文摘Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized byclinical symptoms of diarrhea and mucopurulent bloody stools, and its incidenceis increasing globally. The etiology and pathogenesis of UC remain elusive. Currenttherapeutic approaches, including anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressiveand immunomodulating agents, are often limited in efficacy and frequently associatedwith adverse drug reactions. Therefore, there is an urgent need to developsafer and more effective treatment strategies to address the limitations of existingtherapies. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (HQ), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb,has been employed in the treatment of UC for over 2000 years. Recent studieshave demonstrated that HQ contains multiple active components capable oftreating UC through anti-inflammation, immune modulation, intestinal barrierprotection, antioxidant activity, and regulation of the gut microbiota. This paperreviews recent studies on the mechanism of action and clinical trials of HQ intreating UC based on relevant literature, with the aim of providing valuable insightsinto future treatment approaches.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41772151)the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2011ZX05020-007-06)the Application Basic Research Project of Sichuan Province(No.2014JY0092)。
文摘Wellbore collapse frequently happens in the clay shale formation.To maintain wellbore stability,appropriate mud pressure is a vital factor.When clay formation is opened,drilling unloading occurs,modifying rock structure and strength at the wall of borehole,which affects the selection of mud pressure.Currently,mechanism of drilling unloading is still poorly understood which in return will bring a concern to wellbore stability.Therefore,in this study,a combination of triaxial compressive test and ultrasonic wave test has been used to simulate drilling unloading and analyze its mechanism.Results indicate that more void space is created inside the clay shale sample due to unloading.This structure change leads to a decline of strength and acoustic amplitude.Additionally,unloading influence is depended on varying drilling unloading parameters.Small unloading range and fast unloading rate are able to enhance stability.With various degrees of unloading impact,collapse pressure equivalent density has a clear modification,proving that unloading is a non-negligible influencing factor of wellbore stability.Besides,the unloading effect is much stronger in large confining pressure,implying that more attention should be given to unloading when drilling is in extreme deep or high geostress formation.Findings in this paper can offer theoretical guidance for drilling in the clay shale formation.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41472089,U1663209)the Open Research Fund Program of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Shale Gas Resource Utilization,Hunan University of Science and Technology.
文摘This study provides δ^13C profiles from a lower-slope(Well ZK102)to basin(Bahuang Section)environment to better understand the temporal and spatial variability in δ^13Ccarb-δ^13Corg of the Yangtze Block during the Late Ediacaran.Our new δ^13C profiles together with the reported data suggest that the Upper Ediacaran successions from different depositional environments are generally bounded by negative δ^13Ccarb and/or δ^13Corg excursions in the underlying and overlying strata.Moreover,the Upper Ediacaran δ^13Ccarb profiles generally can be subdivided into two positive excursions and an interjacent negative excursion,whereas the paired δ^13Corg profiles from different depositional environments have individual variation trends.On the other hand,these data show a large surface-to-deep waterδ^13C gradient(~5‰variation in δ^13Ccarb,>10‰variation in δ^13Corg)which can be reasonably explained by the heterogeneity of the biological activities in the redox-stratified water column.Furthermore,the decoupled δ^13Ccarb-δ^13Corg pattern with large δ^13Corg perturbations at the lower slope precluded the existence of a large dissolved organic carbon reservoir at the Yangtze Block during the Late Ediacaran.Thus,the high δ^13Ccarb values in the Upper Ediacaran succession could be balanced by large amounts of buried organic carbon likely associated with high productivity.
文摘The MCrAlY coating has been potential candidate for the parts applied in friction and corrosion conditions, and CNTs (carbon nanotubes) are expected to improve the service performance of coatings owing to high lubrication and low chemical reactivity. In this work, a systematic investigation on the tribological and corrosion properties of CoCrAlYTaSiC-xCNTs coatings deposited by laser melting was analyzed. Results showed that the coatings had good-quality without typical metallurgical defects. The CNTs addition homogenized and refined the microstructure of coating, and also improved the tribological and corrosion properties. As the CNTs content changed from 0 to 4 wt%, the wear rate of coating decreased from 16.23 × 10^(-3) to 7.58 × 10^(-3) mg m^(−1), the jcorr of coating decreased from 4.13 × 10^(-4) to 1.23 × 10^(-4) A cm^(−2), and the Rct values increased from 12.69 to 25.07 Ω cm2.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3106005)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2021MD122)+1 种基金the MNR Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science and Technology,China(No.MEEST-2023-04)the Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation(No.201708)。
文摘In 2022,Yellow Sea green tide caused by Ulva prolifera reached a historic minimum and the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula were less affected.However,the largest amount of seaweed biomass has been washed ashore on Lianyungang and Rizhao coasts since 2015.We studied the development pattern of Yellow Sea green tide in 2022,and analyzed the key environmental factors on the growth and drifting,then discussed the possible reasons that resulted in the massive stranding of green tide biomass in Lianyungang and Rizhao.Results show under the combined influence of the east to southeast winds and currents with shoreward anomalies,green tide drifted to the coastal waters between Shandong and Jiangsu provinces and the distribution areas located westward compared with previous years(2008–2021).Floating U.prolifera rafts from the coastal waters of Binhai and Sheyang drifted continuously into the coastal waters of Lianyungang and Rizhao,providing important supplements for Yellow Sea green tide.Because green tide in 2022 distributed close to the coastal waters,the abundant nutrients might support their continuous high growth rate.In addition,the amount of rainfall around Shandong Peninsula from late June to early July were significantly higher than in previous years,which might promote the development of green tide to some extent.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82200270.
文摘BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)poses a prevalent challenge in current reperfusion therapies,with an absence of efficacious interventions to address the underlying causes.AIM To investigate whether the extracellular vesicles(EVs)secreted by adipose mesenchymal stem cells(ADSCs)derived from subcutaneous inguinal adipose tissue(IAT)underγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)induction(GABA-EVs^(IAT))demonstrate a more pronounced inhibitory effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.METHODS We investigated the potential protective effects of EVs derived from mouse ADSCs pretreated with GABA.We assessed cardiomyocyte injury using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling and Annexin V/propidium iodide assays.The integrity of cardiomyocyte mitochondria morphology was assessed using electron microscopy across various intervention backgrounds.To explore the functional RNA diversity between EVs^(IAT)and GABA-EVs^(IAT),we employed microRNA(miR)sequencing.Through a dual-luciferase reporter assay,we confirmed the molecular mechanism by which EVs mediate thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP).Western blotting and immunofluorescence were conducted to determine how TXNIP is involved in mediation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.RESULTS Our study demonstrates that,under the influence of GABA,ADSCs exhibit an increased capacity to encapsulate a higher abundance of miR-21-5p within EVs.Consequently,this leads to a more pronounced inhibitory effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress compared to EVs from ADSCs without GABA intervention,ultimately resulting in myocardial protection.On a molecular mechanism level,EVs regulate the expression of TXNIP and mitigating excessive oxidative stress in mitochondria during MIRI process to rescue cardiomyocytes.CONCLUSION Administration of GABA leads to the specific loading of miR-21-5p into EVs by ADSCs,thereby regulating the expression of TXNIP.The EVs derived from ADSCs treated with GABA effectively ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitigates cardiomyocytes damage in the pathological process of MIRI.
文摘Taking the Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome as an example,the research method of pharmacology of syndrome management system was proposed.By means of text mining,systematic pharmacology and target analysis,to attempt to reveal the essence of the corresponding syndrome by studying the drugs and targets of Qi and Yin deficiency.Fourteen Chinese herbs treating Qi and Yin deficiency were retrieved and used more than 30 times,and 9,317 related targets were predicted.The common targets of action were 85.Topological analysis was carried out by using degree centrality,closeness centrality and betweenness centrality to confirm that estrogen receptor(ESR1),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),D(2)dopamine receptor(DRD2),vitamin D3 receptor(VDR),glucocorticoid receptor(NR3C1),acetylcholinesterase(ACHE)and endothelin-1(EDN1)were highly correlated with Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome.Through the target to find Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome corresponding to 17 categories of diseases.A new idea was provided for studying the biological essence of TCM clinical syndrome differentiation.
基金Project supported by the National Scientific Fund Project“Fundamental Study on Marine Deep-Layer Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanism and Key Engineering Technologies”(No.U19B6003)Key Scientific and Technological Planning Research Project of the Sichuan Basin“Process and Mechanism of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the Sinian Dengying Formation,the Sichuan Basin”(No.2018JZ0078)Scientific and Technological Planning Application Fundamental Research Project(No.2019YJ0500).
文摘Abundant bitumen can be discovered in the wells of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in the Sichuan Basin and their peripheral outcrops sections.As the cracking product of a paleo-oil reservoir,the occurrence morphologies and distribution characteristics of bitumen in carbonate reservoirs can indicate the preservation,migration and other key information of(paleo-)oil and gas reservoirs.In order to provide reference and basis for the deep and ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin and the basins in western China,this paper systematically studies the occurrence morphological characteristics of bitumen in deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs in well Gaoshi 1 of the Sichuan Basin by carrying out thin section observation,scanning electron microscope-energy spectrum analysis and fluid inclusion organic geochemical analysis on the cores of the fourth member of Dengying Formation(Deng 4 Member).In addition,the coupling relationship between the occurrence morphology of bitumen and the key event of hydrocarbon accumulation is revealed.And the following research results are obtained.First,solid bitumen in the Deng 4 Member deep and ultra-deep reservoir has two types of occurrence morphology.The first type of bitumen adheres to pore walls in the shape of a rim or exists in pores in the form of sticky branch(e.g.,Wells Chuanshen 1 and Gaoshi 1).There are more obvious shrinkage fractures and residual pores generated by in-situ thermal cracking in this type of bitumen.And combined with fluid inclusion and burial thermal history,it can effectively indicate that a paleo-gas reservoir has been preserved so far since the paleo-oil reservoir was thermally cracked into carbonaceous bitumen.The second type of bitumen is distributed in intra-and inter-neogenic mineral crystals in pores disorderly in the shape of grain and band(e.g.,Wells Mashen 1 and Wutan 1)and it has obvious breaking edges.It reveals that after a paleo-oil reservoir was thermally cracked into carbonaceous bitumen,the paleo-gas reservoir suffered blowdown and gas escape and neogenic fluid minerals moved into reservoirs to fill in pores.In conclusion,the occurrence morphologies and distribution characteristics of bitumen in deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs can effectively indicate the hydrocarbon accumulation and evolution process of paleo-oil and gas reservoirs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82274313(to YD),82204746(to ML),82003982(to TL).
文摘It has been reported that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.As a result,the development of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway has attracted increasing attention from researchers.This article reviews the pathological mechanisms and advancements in research related to the signaling pathways in ischemic stroke,with a focus on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.The key findings include the following:(1)The complex pathological mechanisms of ischemic stroke can be categorized into five major types:excitatory amino acid toxicity,Ca^(2+)overload,inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and apoptosis.(2)The PI3K/AKT-mediated signaling pathway is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of ischemic stroke,which primarily involves the NF-κB,NRF2,BCL-2,mTOR,and endothelial NOS signaling pathways.(3)Natural products,including flavonoids,quinones,alkaloids,phenylpropanoids,phenols,terpenoids,and iridoids,show great potential as candidate substances for the development of innovative anti-stroke medications.(4)Recently,novel therapeutic techniques,such as electroacupuncture and mesenchymal stem cell therapy,have demonstrated the potential to improve stroke outcomes by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,providing new possibilities for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke.Future investigations should focus on the direct regulatory mechanisms of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and their clinical translation to develop innovative treatment strategies for ischemic stroke.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82071078,82370939)the Shaanxi Provincial High-level Talent Program and Young Talent Support Plan of Xi’an Jiaotong University.
文摘Tissue interactions play a crucial role in tooth development.Notably,extracellular vesicle-mediated interactions between the mandible and tooth germ are considered essential.Here,we revealed that mandible extracellular vesicles could modulate the proliferation and differentiation of dental mesenchymal cells by regulating the histone demethylase KDM2B.Further investigation showed that mandible derived extracellular vesicles could deliver miR-206 to KDM2B,thereby regulating tooth development.An animal study demonstrated that the miR-206/KDM2B pathway affected tooth morphogenesis and mineralization after eight weeks of subcutaneous transplantation in nude mice.In conclusion,this study suggested that the mandible played a critical role in tooth morphogenesis and mineralization,which could be a potential therapeutic target for abnormal tooth development and an alternative model for tooth regeneration.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070576,31801040,and 32270667)Lantai Young Scholars Program of Chinese History Institute(2022LTQN602)+11 种基金the National Social Science Fund of China(19VJX074 and 21CKG022)Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences:Pan-Third Pole Environment Study for a Green Silk Road(Pan-TPE)(XDA2004010101)the National Key Research and Development Program(2023YFC3303701-02)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2023J06013)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(18490750300)the National Key Research and Development Program(2020YFE0201600)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2017SHZDZX01)the Major Project of National Social Science Foundation of China granted to C.C.W.(21&ZD285),S.W.(20&ZD212),and D.L.(21&ZD237)Major Special Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education(2022JZDZ023)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering at Fudan University(SKLGE-2310)Open Research Fund of Forensic Genetics Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Public Security(2023FGKFKT07)European Research Council(ERC)grant(ERC-2019-ADG-883700-TRAM).
文摘China's Northern and Southern Dynasties period(3rd–6th centuries AD)marked a significant era of ethnic integration in northern China.However,previous ancient DNA studies have primarily focused on northern ethnic groups,with limited research on the genetic formation of the hereditary elite family,especially considering their abundant archaeological record and clear material identity.In this study,we obtain the ancient genome of a hereditary elite family,Gao Bin(高宾,503 AD–572 AD),at 0.6473-fold coverage with 475,132 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)on the 1240k panel.His mitochondrial haplogroup belongs to Z4 and Y-haplogroup to O1a1a2b-F2444∗.The genetic profile of Gao Bin is most similar to that of the northern Han Chinese.He can be modeled as deriving all his ancestry from Late Neolithic to Iron Age Yellow River farmers without influence from Northeast Asia,Korea,or the Mongolian Plateau.Our study sheds light on the genetic formation of hereditary elite families in the context of the Southern and Northern Dynasties ethnic integration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82274313)Project of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant No.2022-SLRH-YQ-010).
文摘Qin Medicine,referring to the traditional medicinal system and geo-authentic herbs originating from Shaanxi Province and its surrounding regions,has played a pivotal role in the evolution of Chinese medicine.Rooted in the distinct biogeographical landscape of the“Three Qin”region-comprising northern Shaanxi’s Loess Plateau,the Guanzhong Plain,and the southern Qinling-Bashan Mountains-Qin Medicine embodies the synergistic convergence of endemic biodiversity,empirical therapeutic traditions,and regional cultural identity[1].The distinct biogeographical landscape of the“Three Qin”region profoundly shaped Qin Medicine’s development.The arid Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi,characterized by drought-tolerant flora,yields herbs such as Huangqi(Astragalus membranaceus)and Dahuang(Rheum palmatum)in harsh environments.In contrast,the biodiverse,humid Qinling-Bashan Mountains fostered a wealth of herbs for clearing heat,resolving dampness,and calming the spirit,such as Huanglian(Coptis chinensis),Fuling(Poria cocos),and Tianma(Gastrodia elata).The fertile Guanzhong Plain supported the cultivation of herbs such as Baishao(Paeonia lactiflora)and Danggui(Angelica sinensis)[2].This article traces the historical trajectory of Qin Medicine,systematically analyzing its formation,development,and modern advancements.
基金jointly supported by the Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation(No.42104053)the Research Project Fund of the Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration(No.DQJB22R30)the independent project initiated by the institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration(No.JY2022Z41)。
文摘On May 22,2021,an M_(S)7.4 earthquake occurred in Maduo County,Qinghai Province,on the western plateau of China.The level of seismic monitoring in this area was inadequate,and incomplete seismic waveforms were obtained from a few broadband seismometers located within 300 km of the epicentre.All waveforms showed“truncation”phenomena.The waveforms of earthquakes can guide ground motion inputs in near-fault areas.This paper uses the empirical Green's function method to consider the uncertainties in source parameters and source rupture processes by synthesizing high-probability,accurate waveforms in Maduo County(MAD station)near the epicentre.The acceleration waveform at the DAW strong-motion station,located 176 km from the epicentre,is first synthesized with the observed waveform of the mainshock.This critical step not only provides a more accurate source and rupture model of the Maduo earthquake but also establishes an essential reference standard.Secondly,the inferred models are rigorously applied to synthesize the acceleration waveform of the MAD station,ensuring that the results maintain a high accuracy and probability.The findings suggest that(1)the simulated acceleration waveform for the MAD station can better characterize the actual ground motion characteristics of the M_(S)7.4 earthquake in Maduo County,with high accuracy and probability in peak ground acceleration(Abbreviated as PGA)ranges of 140–240 and 350–390 cm/s^(2),respectively,and(2)the M_(S)7.4 earthquake did not undergo a complete supershear rupture process.The first asperity located on the east side of the epicentre is most likely to undergo supershear rupture.However,the Maduo earthquake may have been a complete subshear rupture.(3)The fault dislocation model of the three-asperity model better matches the actual source rupture process of the Maduo earthquake.This method can provide relatively accurate acceleration waveforms for regions with limited earthquake monitoring capabilities and assist in analysis of building seismic damage response,earthquake-induced geological disasters and sand liquefaction,and estimation of regional disaster losses.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52125501,52405325)the Key Research Project of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2021LLRH-08,2024SF2-GJHX-34)+5 种基金the Program for Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-CX-TD17)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZB20230573)the Postdoctoral Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2023BSHYDZZ30)the Basic Research Program of Natural Science in Shaanxi Province(No.2021JQ-906)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundationthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘The inherent complexities of excitable cardiac,nervous,and skeletal muscle tissues pose great challenges in constructing artificial counterparts that closely resemble their natural bioelectrical,structural,and mechanical properties.Recent advances have increasingly revealed the beneficial impact of bioelectrical microenvironments on cellular behaviors,tissue regeneration,and therapeutic efficacy for excitable tissues.This review aims to unveil the mechanisms by which electrical microenvironments enhance the regeneration and functionality of excitable cells and tissues,considering both endogenous electrical cues from electroactive biomaterials and exogenous electrical stimuli from external electronic systems.We explore the synergistic effects of these electrical microenvironments,combined with structural and mechanical guidance,on the regeneration of excitable tissues using tissue engineering scaffolds.Additionally,the emergence of micro/nanoscale bioelectronics has significantly broadened this field,facilitating intimate interactions between implantable bioelectronics and excitable tissues across cellular,tissue,and organ levels.These interactions enable precise data acquisition and localized modulation of cell and tissue functionalities through intricately designed electronic components according to physiological needs.The integration of tissue engineering and bioelectronics promises optimal outcomes,highlighting a growing trend in developing living tissue construct-bioelectronic hybrids for restoring and monitoring damaged excitable tissues.Furthermore,we envision critical challenges in engineering the next-generation hybrids,focusing on integrated fabrication strategies,the development of ionic conductive biomaterials,and their convergence with biosensors.
基金Supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2023M732119Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,No.ZR2024QG032。
文摘BACKGROUND The rural elderly in China have a high prevalence of depressive symptoms,which is closely linked to poor sleep quality.This not only poses significant threats to their physical and mental health but also lacks in-depth exploration of associations specific to different sleep dimensions.We hypothesize that specific sleep dimensions are independently and significantly associated with depressive symptoms in this population.AIM To explore the links between different sleep dimensions and depressive symptoms among rural elderly in China.METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 5136 older adults(≥60 years)recruited between April and June 2024.Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the associations between problems in different sleep dimensions and depressive symptoms among these older adults.RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 19.5%,and the overall rate of sleep disorders was 40.13%.Among the rural elderly,six sleep dimensions were found to be statistically significantly associated with depressive symptoms(all P<0.05),with the following odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs):Subjective sleep quality(OR=2.066,95%CI:1.709-2.497),sleep onset latency(OR=2.476,95%CI:2.062-2.972),sleep efficiency(OR=1.686,95%CI:1.369-2.076),sleep disturbances(OR=2.092,95%CI:1.566-2.795),daytime dysfunction(OR=3.378,95%CI:2.882-3.959),and use of hypnotic medications(OR=1.662,95%CI:1.093-2.525).CONCLUSION Poor subjective sleep quality,prolonged sleep onset latency,reduced sleep efficiency,sleep disturbances,daytime dysfunction,and use of hypnotic medications are associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly.Therefore,healthcare professionals should target elderly individuals with sleep disorders and implement effective interventions to alleviate their depressive symptoms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.5230010216)2022 Annual Nanjing New R&D Institutions Joint Technical Tackling Project(No.202208019)+1 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Excellent Postdoctoral Talent Program(No.2022ZB385)the technical support of Nanjing Shangi Institute for Advanced Materials Co.,Ltd.
文摘For searching alternative strategies to improve reliability of titanium and steel dissimilar bimetallic joints manufactured by directed energy deposition with laser beam(DED-LB),pure titanium was considered as cladding deposited on carbon steel substrate with Ni-based alloy interlayers in this work.Effect of different interlayer modification methods on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of joints was analyzed systematically.The distribution of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)such asβ-Ti,Ti_(2)Ni,TiNiFe_(0.2),Ti_(2)Ni_(3)Si and TiB_(2)in joints was revealed.The results showed that original deposition cracks caused by residual stress during processing could be alleviated by substrate preheating treatment while suppressed by the modified interlayer with Cr completely.Notably,additional Cr could reduce reaction activity between Ti and Ni atoms by raising laser molten pool liquidus,leading to fewer IMCs in joints.As a result,both bonding strength and toughness of joints were remarkably improved.The findings em-phasize more significance of optimizing Ni-based interlayer composition with Cr than preheating method to improve the mechanical performance of DED-LB joints.
