Most commercially available herbicides contain surfactants as co-formulants to increase adhesion and absorption by plant leaves.Ethoxylated amines,one of the most used surfactants,are non-ionic and derived from animal...Most commercially available herbicides contain surfactants as co-formulants to increase adhesion and absorption by plant leaves.Ethoxylated amines,one of the most used surfactants,are non-ionic and derived from animal fats.They represent a class of surfactants with similar structural features,including polyethoxylated tallow amine(POEA).POEA is widely used in glyphosate,glufosinate-containing herbicides.In 2015,the European Food Safety Society(EFSA)concluded that POEA was more toxic than glyphosate when tested in glyphosate-based formulations.[1]They also attributed the poisoning following ingestion by humans to the presence of POEA.展开更多
International guidelines for post-cardiac arrest care recommend using multi-modal strategies to avoid the withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy(WLST)in patients with the potential for neurological recovery.[1]However,...International guidelines for post-cardiac arrest care recommend using multi-modal strategies to avoid the withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy(WLST)in patients with the potential for neurological recovery.[1]However,a clear methodology for multi-modal approaches has yet to be developed.Neuron-specific enolase(NSE)is currently the only recommended biomarker,and the European Resuscitation Council(ERC)and the European SocietyofIntensiveCareMedicine(ESICM)have proposed a cutoff value of 60μg/L at 48 and/or 72 h after the return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)as a multimodal prognostic tool for predicting poor neurological outcomes.展开更多
基金This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public,commercial,or not-for-profit sectors.Ethic approval:This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of CNUH(2016-03-003-002).
文摘Most commercially available herbicides contain surfactants as co-formulants to increase adhesion and absorption by plant leaves.Ethoxylated amines,one of the most used surfactants,are non-ionic and derived from animal fats.They represent a class of surfactants with similar structural features,including polyethoxylated tallow amine(POEA).POEA is widely used in glyphosate,glufosinate-containing herbicides.In 2015,the European Food Safety Society(EFSA)concluded that POEA was more toxic than glyphosate when tested in glyphosate-based formulations.[1]They also attributed the poisoning following ingestion by humans to the presence of POEA.
基金supported by the research fund of Chungnam National University in 2022。
文摘International guidelines for post-cardiac arrest care recommend using multi-modal strategies to avoid the withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy(WLST)in patients with the potential for neurological recovery.[1]However,a clear methodology for multi-modal approaches has yet to be developed.Neuron-specific enolase(NSE)is currently the only recommended biomarker,and the European Resuscitation Council(ERC)and the European SocietyofIntensiveCareMedicine(ESICM)have proposed a cutoff value of 60μg/L at 48 and/or 72 h after the return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)as a multimodal prognostic tool for predicting poor neurological outcomes.
