We present work on a cavity-driven QED system combining an asymmetrical Fabry–Perot cavity and N two-level atoms(TLAs)and show the convenience of simplifying from distinguishable atoms to undistinguishable bosons whe...We present work on a cavity-driven QED system combining an asymmetrical Fabry–Perot cavity and N two-level atoms(TLAs)and show the convenience of simplifying from distinguishable atoms to undistinguishable bosons when the atoms are prepared in the same initial state.Such simplification is valid even when the atoms are not prepared in the inphase condition,since any partial in-phase initial state will evolve into the ground state through a relaxation process.Thus,we get a reduced group of differential equations by introducing the Dicke states,and the under-zero Lyapunov exponents verify its stability.We also work out the collective unconventional photon blockade(UCPB)and get two kinds of giant nonreciprocal UCPBs(NUCPBs)in the weak-driving approximation.Results show that we can employ N noninteracting bosonic atoms to generate a collective UCPB instead of a monoatomic UCPB as the UCPB conditions do not vary with the number of atoms.Furthermore,the forward giant NUCPB only occurring for N larger than a certain number as well as the backward giant NUCPB are controllable by the cavity asymmetry and by the number of atoms.Our findings suggest a prospective approach to the generation of quantum nonreciprocity by N identical atoms.展开更多
Objective: Despite cardiotoxicity overlap, the trastuzumab/pertuzumab and anthracycline combination remains crucial due to significant benefits. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin(PLD), a less cardiotoxic anthracycline, ...Objective: Despite cardiotoxicity overlap, the trastuzumab/pertuzumab and anthracycline combination remains crucial due to significant benefits. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin(PLD), a less cardiotoxic anthracycline, was evaluated for efficacy and cardiac safety when combined with cyclophosphamide and followed by taxanes with trastuzumab/pertuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)-positive early breast cancer(BC).Methods: In this multicenter, phase II study, patients with confirmed HER2-positive early BC received four cycles of PLD(30-35 mg/m^(2)) and cyclophosphamide(600 mg/m^(2)), followed by four cycles of taxanes(docetaxel,90-100 mg/m^(2) or nab-paclitaxel, 260 mg/m^(2)), concomitant with eight cycles of trastuzumab(8 mg/kg loading dose,then 6 mg/kg) and pertuzumab(840 mg loading dose, then 420 mg) every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was total pathological complete response(tp CR, yp T0/is yp N0). Secondary endpoints included breast p CR(bp CR),objective response rate(ORR), disease control rate, rate of breast-conserving surgery(BCS), and safety(with a focus on cardiotoxicity).Results: Between May 27, 2020 and May 11, 2022, 78 patients were treated with surgery, 42(53.8%) of whom had BCS. After neoadjuvant therapy, 47 [60.3%, 95% confidence interval(95% CI), 48.5%-71.2%] patients achieved tp CR, and 49(62.8%) achieved bp CR. ORRs were 76.9%(95% CI, 66.0%-85.7%) and 93.6%(95% CI,85.7%-97.9%) after 4-cycle and 8-cycle neoadjuvant therapy, respectively. Nine(11.5%) patients experienced asymptomatic left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) reductions of ≥10% from baseline, all with a minimum value of >55%. No treatment-related abnormal cardiac function changes were observed in mean N-terminal pro-BNP(NT-pro BNP), troponin I, or high-sensitivity troponin.Conclusions: This dual HER2-blockade with sequential polychemotherapy showed promising activity with rapid tumor regression in HER2-positive BC. Importantly, this regimen showed an acceptable safety profile,especially a low risk of cardiac events, suggesting it as an attractive treatment approach with a favorable risk-benefit balance.展开更多
A waveguide-QED with giant atoms,which is capable of accessing various limits of a small one,provides a new paradigm to study photon scatterings.Thus,how to achieve nonreciprocal photon transmissions via such a giant ...A waveguide-QED with giant atoms,which is capable of accessing various limits of a small one,provides a new paradigm to study photon scatterings.Thus,how to achieve nonreciprocal photon transmissions via such a giant atom setup is highly desirable.In this study,the nonreciprocal single-photon scattering characteristics of a double-drivenΛ-type three-level giant atom,where one of the transition couples to a 1D waveguide at two separate points,and the other is driven by two coherent driving fields,are investigated.It is found that a frequency-tunable single-photon diode with an ideal contrast ratio can be achieved by properly manipulating the local coupling phases between the giant atom and the waveguide,the accumulation phase between the two waveguide coupling points,the Rabi frequencies and phase difference of the two driven fields.Compared to the previous single driving schemes,on the one hand,the presence of the second driving field can provide more tunable parameters to manipulate the nonreciprocal single-photon scattering behavior.On the other hand,here perfect nonreciprocal transmission for photons with arbitrary frequencies is achievable by tuning the driving phases while the two driving fields keep on turning,which provides an alternative way to control the nonreciprocal single-photon scattering.Furthermore,the results reveal that both the location and width of each optimal nonreciprocal transmission window is also sensitive to the driving detuning,and a single-photon diode with wide or narrow bandwidth can be realized based on demand.These results may be beneficial for designing nonreciprocal single-photon devices based on a double-driven giant atom setup.展开更多
A multi-residual module stacked hourglass network(MRSH)was proposed to improve the accuracy and robustness of human body pose estimation.The network uses multiple hourglass sub-networks and three new residual modules....A multi-residual module stacked hourglass network(MRSH)was proposed to improve the accuracy and robustness of human body pose estimation.The network uses multiple hourglass sub-networks and three new residual modules.In the hourglass sub-network,the large receptive field residual module(LRFRM)and the multi-scale residual module(MSRM)are first used to learn the spatial relationship between features and body parts at various scales.Only the improved residual module(IRM)is used when the resolution is minimized.The final network uses four stacked hourglass sub-networks,with intermediate supervision at the end of each hourglass,repeating high-low(from high resolution to low resolution)and low-high(from low resolution to high resolution)learning.The network was tested on the public datasets of Leeds sports poses(LSP)and MPII human pose.The experimental results show that the proposed network has better performance in human pose estimation.展开更多
As one of the most attractive non-radiative power transfer mechanisms without cables,efficient magnetic resonance wireless power transfer(WPT)in the near field has been extensively developed in recent years,and promot...As one of the most attractive non-radiative power transfer mechanisms without cables,efficient magnetic resonance wireless power transfer(WPT)in the near field has been extensively developed in recent years,and promoted a variety of practical applications,such as mobile phones,medical implant devices and electric vehicles.However,the physical mechanism behind some key limitations of the resonance WPT,such as frequency splitting and size-dependent efficiency,is not very clear under the widely used circuit model.Here,we review the recently developed efficient and stable resonance WPT based on non-Hermitian physics,which starts from a completely different avenue(utilizing loss and gain)to introduce novel functionalities to the resonance WPT.From the perspective of non-Hermitian photonics,the coherent and incoherent effects compete and coexist in the WPT system,and the weak stable of energy transfer mainly comes from the broken phase associated with the phase transition of parity-time symmetry.Based on this basic physical framework,some optimization schemes are proposed,including using nonlinear effect,using bound states in the continuum,or resorting to the system with high-order parity-time symmetry.Moreover,the combination of non-Hermitian physics and topological photonics in multi-coil system also provides a versatile platform for long-range robust WPT with topological protection.Therefore,the non-Hermitian physics can not only exactly predict the main results of current WPT systems,but also provide new ways to solve the difficulties of previous designs.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the association among lifestyle,clinical examination,polymorphisms in CDH1 gene and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of gastric cancer(GC). METHODS:A hospital-based popula...OBJECTIVE:To explore the association among lifestyle,clinical examination,polymorphisms in CDH1 gene and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of gastric cancer(GC). METHODS:A hospital-based population of 387 GC patients was investigated in Jiangsu province.Relevant information regarding lifestyle and clinical examination were collected by a standard questionnaire.Four known single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in CDH1 were investigated by polymerase chain reaction-ligation detection reaction methods.Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS 16.0 software.RESULTS:The results showed that meal duration and the status of glutamic pyruvic transaminase were significantly associated with TCM syndrome differentiation of GC(both P<0.05).None of the four SNPs in the E-cadherin(CDH1)gene achieved significant differences in their distributions among the nine syndrome types of GC(both P>0.05).However,significant differences were observed in rs13689 genotype distributions between several pairs of syndrome types of GC,suggesting that rs13689 is correlated with the syndrome differentiation of GC.CONCLUSION:Integrated analysis of lifestyle,clinical examination and CDH1 gene polymorphisms can contribute to a better understanding of the GC syndrome types and may improve the efficacy of interventions by stratifying disease according to TCM criteria.展开更多
Several studies have demonstrated that overexpression of mutant a-synuclein in PC12 cells is related to occurrence of autophagy. The present study established mutant α-synuclein （A30P） -transfected PC12 cells and t...Several studies have demonstrated that overexpression of mutant a-synuclein in PC12 cells is related to occurrence of autophagy. The present study established mutant α-synuclein （A30P） -transfected PC12 cells and treated them with the autophagy inducer rapamycin and autophagy inhibitor wortmannin, respectively. Results demonstrated that mutant a-synuclein resulted in cell death via autophagy and involved a-synuclein accumulation, membrane lipid oxidation, and loss of plasma membrane integrity. Mutant a-synuclein （A30P） also mediated toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion. Moreover, rapamycin inhibited a-synuclein aggregation, while wortmannin promoted α-synuclein aggregation and cell death. To further determine the role of autophagy due to mutant α-synuclein, the present study measured expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3. Results revealed that wortmannin and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion inhibited expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 while rapamycin promoted its expression. These findings suggested that abnormal aggregation of a-synuclein induced autophagic programmed cell death in PC12 cells.展开更多
We study the influence of driving ways on the interaction in a two-atoms cavity quantum electrodynamics system.The results show that driving ways can induce different excitation pathways.We show two kinds of significa...We study the influence of driving ways on the interaction in a two-atoms cavity quantum electrodynamics system.The results show that driving ways can induce different excitation pathways.We show two kinds of significantly different excitation spectrums under two ways:driving cavity and driving atoms.We demonstrate that driving atoms can be considered as a method to obtain the position information of atoms.This research has very practical application values on obtaining the position information of atoms in a cavity.展开更多
Coherent perfect absorption provides a method of light-controlling-light and has practical applications in optical communications. Recently, a cavity-based nonlinear perfect photon absorption extends the coherent perf...Coherent perfect absorption provides a method of light-controlling-light and has practical applications in optical communications. Recently, a cavity-based nonlinear perfect photon absorption extends the coherent perfect absorber（CPA）beyond the linear regime. As nanowire-based system is a more competitive candidate for full-optical device, we introduce a nonlinear CPA in the single two-level atom–nanowires coupling system in this work. Nonlinear input–output relations are derived analytically, and three contributions of atomic saturation nonlinearity are explicit. The consociation of optical nonlinearity and destructive interference makes it feasible to fabricate a nonlinear monoatomic CPA. Our results also indicate that a nonlinear system may work linearly even when the incoming lights are not weak any more. Our findings show promising applications in full-optical devices.展开更多
We present a work of manipulating collective unconventional photon blockade(UCPB)and nonreciprocal UCPB(NUCPB)in a cavity-driven system composed of an asymmetrical single-mode cavity and two interacting identical twol...We present a work of manipulating collective unconventional photon blockade(UCPB)and nonreciprocal UCPB(NUCPB)in a cavity-driven system composed of an asymmetrical single-mode cavity and two interacting identical twolevel atoms(TLAs).When the atoms do not interact directly,the frequency and intensity restrictions of collective UCPB can be specified,and a giant NUCPB exists due to the splitting of optimal atom–cavity coupling strength in proper parameter regime.However,if a weak atom–atom interaction which provides a new and feeble quantum interference pathway to UCPB is taken into account,two restrictions of UCPB are combined complexly,which are rigorous to be matched simultaneously.Due to the push-and-pull effect induced by weak dipole–dipole interaction,the UCPB regime is compressed more or less.NUCPB is improved as a higher contrast is present when the two complex UCPB restrictions are matched,while it is suppressed when the restrictions are mismatched.In general,whether NUCPB is suppressed or promoted depends on its working parameters.Our findings show a prospective access to produce giant quantum nonreciprocity by a couple of weakly interacting atoms.展开更多
The rapid development of topological photonics has significantly facilitated the development of novel microwave and optical devices with richer electromagnetic properties. A stable and efficient guided wave is a neces...The rapid development of topological photonics has significantly facilitated the development of novel microwave and optical devices with richer electromagnetic properties. A stable and efficient guided wave is a necessary condition for optical information transmission and processing. However, most topological waveguides are confined at a domain wall around the interfaces and usually operate in a single-type topological mode, leading to low-throughput energy transmission over a single frequency band. Here, we propose, design, and experimentally demonstrate a novel planar microstrip heterostructure system based on topological LC circuits that supports a dual-type topological large-area waveguide state, and the system showcases tunable mode widths with different operating bandwidths. Inheriting from the pseudospin and valley topology, the topological large-area waveguides exhibit the pseudospin-and valley-locked properties at different frequency windows and have strong robustness against defects. Moreover, the large-area topological waveguide states of high-energy capacity channel intersections and beam expanders with topological pseudospin and valley mode width degrees of freedom are verified numerically and experimentally. We also show the distinct topological origins of large-area topological waveguide states that provide versatile signal routing paths by their intrinsic coupling properties. Our system provides an efficient scheme to realize the tunable width and the multi-mode bandwidth of topological waveguides, which can further promote the applications of multi-functional high-performance topological photonic integrated circuit systems in on-chip communication and signal processing.展开更多
Metasurfaces with spin-selective transmission play an increasingly critical role in realizing optical chiral responses,especially for strong intrinsic chirality,which is limited to complex three-dimensional geometry.I...Metasurfaces with spin-selective transmission play an increasingly critical role in realizing optical chiral responses,especially for strong intrinsic chirality,which is limited to complex three-dimensional geometry.In this paper,we propose a planar metasurface capable of generating maximal intrinsic chirality and achieving dual-band spinselective transmission utilizing dual quasi-bound states in the continuum(quasi-BICs)caused by the structural symmetry breaking.Interestingly,the value of circular dichroism(CD)and the transmittance of two kinds of circular polarization states can be arbitrarily controlled by tuning the asymmetry parameter.Remarkable CD approaching unity with the maximum transmittance up to 0.95 is experimentally achieved in the dual band.Furthermore,assisted by chiral BICs,the application in polarization multiplexed near-field image display is also exhibited.Our work provides a new avenue to flexibly control intrinsic chirality in planar structure and offers an alternative strategy to develop chiral sensing,multiband spin-selective transmission,and high-performance circularly polarized wave detection.The basic principle and design method of our experiments in the microwave regime can be extended to other bands,such as the terahertz and infrared wavelengths.展开更多
Non-Hermitian systems with parity–time(PT)-symmetry have been extensively studied and rapidly developed in resonance wireless power transfer(WPT).The WPT system that satisfies PT-symmetry always has real eigenvalues,...Non-Hermitian systems with parity–time(PT)-symmetry have been extensively studied and rapidly developed in resonance wireless power transfer(WPT).The WPT system that satisfies PT-symmetry always has real eigenvalues,which promote efficient energy transfer.However,meeting the condition of PT-symmetry is one of the most puzzling issues.Stable power transfer under different transmission conditions is also a great challenge.Bound state in the continuum(BIC)supporting extreme quality-factor mode provides an opportunity for efficient WPT.Here,we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally that BIC widely exists in resonance-coupled systems without PT-symmetry,and it can even realize more stable and efficient power transfer than PT-symmetric systems.Importantly,BIC for efficient WPT is universal and suitable in standard second-order and even high-order WPT systems.Our results not only extend non-Hermitian physics beyond PT-symmetry,but also bridge the gap between BIC and practical application engineering,such as highperformance WPT,wireless sensing and communications.展开更多
Atomic arrays provide an important quantum optical platform with photon-mediated dipole–dipole interactions that can be engineered to realize key applications in quantum information processing.A major obstacle for su...Atomic arrays provide an important quantum optical platform with photon-mediated dipole–dipole interactions that can be engineered to realize key applications in quantum information processing.A major obstacle for such applications is the fast decay of the excited states.By controlling two-band Bloch oscillations of single excitation in an atomic array under an external magnetic field,here we show that exotic subradiance can be realized and maintained with orders of magnitude longer than the spontaneous decay time in atomic arrays with the finite size.The key finding is to show a way for preventing the wavepacket of excited states scattering into the dissipative zone inside the free space light cone,which therefore leads to the excitation staying at a subradiant state for an extremely long decay time.We show that such operation can be achieved by introducing a spatially linear potential from the external magnetic field in the atomic arrays and then manipulating interconnected two-band Bloch oscillations along opposite directions.Our results also point out the possibility of controllable switching between superradiant and subradiant states,which leads to potential applications in quantum storage.展开更多
We propose and experimentally realize a class of quasi-one-dimensional topological lattices whose unit cells are constructed by coupled multiple identical resonators,with uniform hopping and inversion symmetry.In the ...We propose and experimentally realize a class of quasi-one-dimensional topological lattices whose unit cells are constructed by coupled multiple identical resonators,with uniform hopping and inversion symmetry.In the presence of coupling-path-induced effective zero hopping within the unit cells,the systems are characterized by complete multimerization with degenerate-1 energy edge states for open boundary condition.展开更多
Dear Editor,The dispersal and migration of animal populations are fundamental issues in population ecology(Wei 2018).Understanding the current phylogeographic patterns of animal populations and species conservation re...Dear Editor,The dispersal and migration of animal populations are fundamental issues in population ecology(Wei 2018).Understanding the current phylogeographic patterns of animal populations and species conservation requires studying the dispersal and migration of animals during historical periods(Newton et al.1999;Feoktistova et al.2023).There may be three processes for the diffusion and migration of animals.The first process is the repeated migration in the latitudinal direction as ice sheets advance and retreat.The second is the vertical migration along the altitude as mountain glaciers wax and wane,and the third is the migration in the longitudinal direction(Hewitt 2004).展开更多
Wireless power transfer(WPT)offers significant advantages,particularly due to its flexibility,enabling diverse applications.However,conventional single-transmitter,single-receiver systems are limited by their sensitiv...Wireless power transfer(WPT)offers significant advantages,particularly due to its flexibility,enabling diverse applications.However,conventional single-transmitter,single-receiver systems are limited by their sensitivity to lateral disturbances,frequency instability,and strict distance constraints.Recently,multiple-transmitter,single-receiver(MTSR)systems have gained attention for their potential to enhance system flexibility and reliability.In this work,we propose an efficient second-order anti-parity‒time(anti-PT)symmetry by introducing two transmitters that simultaneously exchange energy with the external channel.This concept is further extended to third-order anti-PT symmetry for efficient WPT in MTSR systems.By leveraging interference between shared sources,we construct virtual coupling instead of relying on traditional resistive losses.Remarkably,our system maintains frequency stability,broad bandwidth,and robust high-efficiency power transfer even when the resonant frequencies of the transmitter and receiver coils are mismatched.This innovation challenges conventional understanding and opens new directions for WPT technology.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12164022 and 12174288)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China(Grant No.20232BAB201044)+1 种基金Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province of China(Grant No.GJJ211039)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M732028)。
文摘We present work on a cavity-driven QED system combining an asymmetrical Fabry–Perot cavity and N two-level atoms(TLAs)and show the convenience of simplifying from distinguishable atoms to undistinguishable bosons when the atoms are prepared in the same initial state.Such simplification is valid even when the atoms are not prepared in the inphase condition,since any partial in-phase initial state will evolve into the ground state through a relaxation process.Thus,we get a reduced group of differential equations by introducing the Dicke states,and the under-zero Lyapunov exponents verify its stability.We also work out the collective unconventional photon blockade(UCPB)and get two kinds of giant nonreciprocal UCPBs(NUCPBs)in the weak-driving approximation.Results show that we can employ N noninteracting bosonic atoms to generate a collective UCPB instead of a monoatomic UCPB as the UCPB conditions do not vary with the number of atoms.Furthermore,the forward giant NUCPB only occurring for N larger than a certain number as well as the backward giant NUCPB are controllable by the cavity asymmetry and by the number of atoms.Our findings suggest a prospective approach to the generation of quantum nonreciprocity by N identical atoms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82003311, No. 82061148016, No. 82230057 and No. 82272859)National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFC2505101)+2 种基金Sun Yat-Sen Clinical Research Cultivating Program (No. SYS-Q202004)Beijing Medical Award Foundation (No. YXJL2020-0941-0760)Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (No. 202102010272 and No. 202201020486)。
文摘Objective: Despite cardiotoxicity overlap, the trastuzumab/pertuzumab and anthracycline combination remains crucial due to significant benefits. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin(PLD), a less cardiotoxic anthracycline, was evaluated for efficacy and cardiac safety when combined with cyclophosphamide and followed by taxanes with trastuzumab/pertuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)-positive early breast cancer(BC).Methods: In this multicenter, phase II study, patients with confirmed HER2-positive early BC received four cycles of PLD(30-35 mg/m^(2)) and cyclophosphamide(600 mg/m^(2)), followed by four cycles of taxanes(docetaxel,90-100 mg/m^(2) or nab-paclitaxel, 260 mg/m^(2)), concomitant with eight cycles of trastuzumab(8 mg/kg loading dose,then 6 mg/kg) and pertuzumab(840 mg loading dose, then 420 mg) every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was total pathological complete response(tp CR, yp T0/is yp N0). Secondary endpoints included breast p CR(bp CR),objective response rate(ORR), disease control rate, rate of breast-conserving surgery(BCS), and safety(with a focus on cardiotoxicity).Results: Between May 27, 2020 and May 11, 2022, 78 patients were treated with surgery, 42(53.8%) of whom had BCS. After neoadjuvant therapy, 47 [60.3%, 95% confidence interval(95% CI), 48.5%-71.2%] patients achieved tp CR, and 49(62.8%) achieved bp CR. ORRs were 76.9%(95% CI, 66.0%-85.7%) and 93.6%(95% CI,85.7%-97.9%) after 4-cycle and 8-cycle neoadjuvant therapy, respectively. Nine(11.5%) patients experienced asymptomatic left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) reductions of ≥10% from baseline, all with a minimum value of >55%. No treatment-related abnormal cardiac function changes were observed in mean N-terminal pro-BNP(NT-pro BNP), troponin I, or high-sensitivity troponin.Conclusions: This dual HER2-blockade with sequential polychemotherapy showed promising activity with rapid tumor regression in HER2-positive BC. Importantly, this regimen showed an acceptable safety profile,especially a low risk of cardiac events, suggesting it as an attractive treatment approach with a favorable risk-benefit balance.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.2023M732028)the Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device (Grant No.20230201)+2 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.LY21A040003)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2021YFA1400602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11864018,12164022,12174288 and 12274326)。
文摘A waveguide-QED with giant atoms,which is capable of accessing various limits of a small one,provides a new paradigm to study photon scatterings.Thus,how to achieve nonreciprocal photon transmissions via such a giant atom setup is highly desirable.In this study,the nonreciprocal single-photon scattering characteristics of a double-drivenΛ-type three-level giant atom,where one of the transition couples to a 1D waveguide at two separate points,and the other is driven by two coherent driving fields,are investigated.It is found that a frequency-tunable single-photon diode with an ideal contrast ratio can be achieved by properly manipulating the local coupling phases between the giant atom and the waveguide,the accumulation phase between the two waveguide coupling points,the Rabi frequencies and phase difference of the two driven fields.Compared to the previous single driving schemes,on the one hand,the presence of the second driving field can provide more tunable parameters to manipulate the nonreciprocal single-photon scattering behavior.On the other hand,here perfect nonreciprocal transmission for photons with arbitrary frequencies is achievable by tuning the driving phases while the two driving fields keep on turning,which provides an alternative way to control the nonreciprocal single-photon scattering.Furthermore,the results reveal that both the location and width of each optimal nonreciprocal transmission window is also sensitive to the driving detuning,and a single-photon diode with wide or narrow bandwidth can be realized based on demand.These results may be beneficial for designing nonreciprocal single-photon devices based on a double-driven giant atom setup.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61401001,61501003,61672032)。
文摘A multi-residual module stacked hourglass network(MRSH)was proposed to improve the accuracy and robustness of human body pose estimation.The network uses multiple hourglass sub-networks and three new residual modules.In the hourglass sub-network,the large receptive field residual module(LRFRM)and the multi-scale residual module(MSRM)are first used to learn the spatial relationship between features and body parts at various scales.Only the improved residual module(IRM)is used when the resolution is minimized.The final network uses four stacked hourglass sub-networks,with intermediate supervision at the end of each hourglass,repeating high-low(from high resolution to low resolution)and low-high(from low resolution to high resolution)learning.The network was tested on the public datasets of Leeds sports poses(LSP)and MPII human pose.The experimental results show that the proposed network has better performance in human pose estimation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0301101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91850206, 61621001, 2004284, 11674247, and 11974261)+3 种基金Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, China (Grant Nos. 18JC1410900 and 18ZR1442900)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 2019TQ0232 and 2019M661605)the Shanghai Super Postdoctoral Incentive ProgramFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China
文摘As one of the most attractive non-radiative power transfer mechanisms without cables,efficient magnetic resonance wireless power transfer(WPT)in the near field has been extensively developed in recent years,and promoted a variety of practical applications,such as mobile phones,medical implant devices and electric vehicles.However,the physical mechanism behind some key limitations of the resonance WPT,such as frequency splitting and size-dependent efficiency,is not very clear under the widely used circuit model.Here,we review the recently developed efficient and stable resonance WPT based on non-Hermitian physics,which starts from a completely different avenue(utilizing loss and gain)to introduce novel functionalities to the resonance WPT.From the perspective of non-Hermitian photonics,the coherent and incoherent effects compete and coexist in the WPT system,and the weak stable of energy transfer mainly comes from the broken phase associated with the phase transition of parity-time symmetry.Based on this basic physical framework,some optimization schemes are proposed,including using nonlinear effect,using bound states in the continuum,or resorting to the system with high-order parity-time symmetry.Moreover,the combination of non-Hermitian physics and topological photonics in multi-coil system also provides a versatile platform for long-range robust WPT with topological protection.Therefore,the non-Hermitian physics can not only exactly predict the main results of current WPT systems,but also provide new ways to solve the difficulties of previous designs.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30973715 and 81001502)Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation(BK2008461)+2 种基金Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(20103237110011)Young Teachers in Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the association among lifestyle,clinical examination,polymorphisms in CDH1 gene and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of gastric cancer(GC). METHODS:A hospital-based population of 387 GC patients was investigated in Jiangsu province.Relevant information regarding lifestyle and clinical examination were collected by a standard questionnaire.Four known single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in CDH1 were investigated by polymerase chain reaction-ligation detection reaction methods.Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS 16.0 software.RESULTS:The results showed that meal duration and the status of glutamic pyruvic transaminase were significantly associated with TCM syndrome differentiation of GC(both P<0.05).None of the four SNPs in the E-cadherin(CDH1)gene achieved significant differences in their distributions among the nine syndrome types of GC(both P>0.05).However,significant differences were observed in rs13689 genotype distributions between several pairs of syndrome types of GC,suggesting that rs13689 is correlated with the syndrome differentiation of GC.CONCLUSION:Integrated analysis of lifestyle,clinical examination and CDH1 gene polymorphisms can contribute to a better understanding of the GC syndrome types and may improve the efficacy of interventions by stratifying disease according to TCM criteria.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30970869a grant from Board of Health of Shanghai,China,No. 2008086+1 种基金Youth Key Project in College of Medicine of Fudan University,No. 09-L37a grant from the Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus,No. 08DZ2230200
文摘Several studies have demonstrated that overexpression of mutant a-synuclein in PC12 cells is related to occurrence of autophagy. The present study established mutant α-synuclein （A30P） -transfected PC12 cells and treated them with the autophagy inducer rapamycin and autophagy inhibitor wortmannin, respectively. Results demonstrated that mutant a-synuclein resulted in cell death via autophagy and involved a-synuclein accumulation, membrane lipid oxidation, and loss of plasma membrane integrity. Mutant a-synuclein （A30P） also mediated toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion. Moreover, rapamycin inhibited a-synuclein aggregation, while wortmannin promoted α-synuclein aggregation and cell death. To further determine the role of autophagy due to mutant α-synuclein, the present study measured expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3. Results revealed that wortmannin and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion inhibited expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 while rapamycin promoted its expression. These findings suggested that abnormal aggregation of a-synuclein induced autophagic programmed cell death in PC12 cells.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11874287 and 11574229)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0302800)the Fund from Shanghai Science and Technology Committee,China(Grant No.18JC1410900)。
文摘We study the influence of driving ways on the interaction in a two-atoms cavity quantum electrodynamics system.The results show that driving ways can induce different excitation pathways.We show two kinds of significantly different excitation spectrums under two ways:driving cavity and driving atoms.We demonstrate that driving atoms can be considered as a method to obtain the position information of atoms.This research has very practical application values on obtaining the position information of atoms in a cavity.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11864018 and 11574229)Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province of China(Grant No.GJJ170645)Doctor Startup Fund of the Natural Science of Jinggangshan University,China(Grant No.JZB16003)
文摘Coherent perfect absorption provides a method of light-controlling-light and has practical applications in optical communications. Recently, a cavity-based nonlinear perfect photon absorption extends the coherent perfect absorber（CPA）beyond the linear regime. As nanowire-based system is a more competitive candidate for full-optical device, we introduce a nonlinear CPA in the single two-level atom–nanowires coupling system in this work. Nonlinear input–output relations are derived analytically, and three contributions of atomic saturation nonlinearity are explicit. The consociation of optical nonlinearity and destructive interference makes it feasible to fabricate a nonlinear monoatomic CPA. Our results also indicate that a nonlinear system may work linearly even when the incoming lights are not weak any more. Our findings show promising applications in full-optical devices.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.12164022,11864018,and 12174288)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.GK199900299012-015)。
文摘We present a work of manipulating collective unconventional photon blockade(UCPB)and nonreciprocal UCPB(NUCPB)in a cavity-driven system composed of an asymmetrical single-mode cavity and two interacting identical twolevel atoms(TLAs).When the atoms do not interact directly,the frequency and intensity restrictions of collective UCPB can be specified,and a giant NUCPB exists due to the splitting of optimal atom–cavity coupling strength in proper parameter regime.However,if a weak atom–atom interaction which provides a new and feeble quantum interference pathway to UCPB is taken into account,two restrictions of UCPB are combined complexly,which are rigorous to be matched simultaneously.Due to the push-and-pull effect induced by weak dipole–dipole interaction,the UCPB regime is compressed more or less.NUCPB is improved as a higher contrast is present when the two complex UCPB restrictions are matched,while it is suppressed when the restrictions are mismatched.In general,whether NUCPB is suppressed or promoted depends on its working parameters.Our findings show a prospective access to produce giant quantum nonreciprocity by a couple of weakly interacting atoms.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA1400602, 2020YFA0211402)National Natural Science Foundation of China (12474316,12274325)。
文摘The rapid development of topological photonics has significantly facilitated the development of novel microwave and optical devices with richer electromagnetic properties. A stable and efficient guided wave is a necessary condition for optical information transmission and processing. However, most topological waveguides are confined at a domain wall around the interfaces and usually operate in a single-type topological mode, leading to low-throughput energy transmission over a single frequency band. Here, we propose, design, and experimentally demonstrate a novel planar microstrip heterostructure system based on topological LC circuits that supports a dual-type topological large-area waveguide state, and the system showcases tunable mode widths with different operating bandwidths. Inheriting from the pseudospin and valley topology, the topological large-area waveguides exhibit the pseudospin-and valley-locked properties at different frequency windows and have strong robustness against defects. Moreover, the large-area topological waveguide states of high-energy capacity channel intersections and beam expanders with topological pseudospin and valley mode width degrees of freedom are verified numerically and experimentally. We also show the distinct topological origins of large-area topological waveguide states that provide versatile signal routing paths by their intrinsic coupling properties. Our system provides an efficient scheme to realize the tunable width and the multi-mode bandwidth of topological waveguides, which can further promote the applications of multi-functional high-performance topological photonic integrated circuit systems in on-chip communication and signal processing.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1400602)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11974261,62075213,12104105,12274325,11874286,61621001,91850206)。
文摘Metasurfaces with spin-selective transmission play an increasingly critical role in realizing optical chiral responses,especially for strong intrinsic chirality,which is limited to complex three-dimensional geometry.In this paper,we propose a planar metasurface capable of generating maximal intrinsic chirality and achieving dual-band spinselective transmission utilizing dual quasi-bound states in the continuum(quasi-BICs)caused by the structural symmetry breaking.Interestingly,the value of circular dichroism(CD)and the transmittance of two kinds of circular polarization states can be arbitrarily controlled by tuning the asymmetry parameter.Remarkable CD approaching unity with the maximum transmittance up to 0.95 is experimentally achieved in the dual band.Furthermore,assisted by chiral BICs,the application in polarization multiplexed near-field image display is also exhibited.Our work provides a new avenue to flexibly control intrinsic chirality in planar structure and offers an alternative strategy to develop chiral sensing,multiband spin-selective transmission,and high-performance circularly polarized wave detection.The basic principle and design method of our experiments in the microwave regime can be extended to other bands,such as the terahertz and infrared wavelengths.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2021YFA1400602 and 2023YFA1407600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12004284 and 12374294)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.22120210579)the Chenguang Program of Shanghai(No.21CGA22)。
文摘Non-Hermitian systems with parity–time(PT)-symmetry have been extensively studied and rapidly developed in resonance wireless power transfer(WPT).The WPT system that satisfies PT-symmetry always has real eigenvalues,which promote efficient energy transfer.However,meeting the condition of PT-symmetry is one of the most puzzling issues.Stable power transfer under different transmission conditions is also a great challenge.Bound state in the continuum(BIC)supporting extreme quality-factor mode provides an opportunity for efficient WPT.Here,we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally that BIC widely exists in resonance-coupled systems without PT-symmetry,and it can even realize more stable and efficient power transfer than PT-symmetric systems.Importantly,BIC for efficient WPT is universal and suitable in standard second-order and even high-order WPT systems.Our results not only extend non-Hermitian physics beyond PT-symmetry,but also bridge the gap between BIC and practical application engineering,such as highperformance WPT,wireless sensing and communications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12204304)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1400900,2023YFA1407200)。
文摘Atomic arrays provide an important quantum optical platform with photon-mediated dipole–dipole interactions that can be engineered to realize key applications in quantum information processing.A major obstacle for such applications is the fast decay of the excited states.By controlling two-band Bloch oscillations of single excitation in an atomic array under an external magnetic field,here we show that exotic subradiance can be realized and maintained with orders of magnitude longer than the spontaneous decay time in atomic arrays with the finite size.The key finding is to show a way for preventing the wavepacket of excited states scattering into the dissipative zone inside the free space light cone,which therefore leads to the excitation staying at a subradiant state for an extremely long decay time.We show that such operation can be achieved by introducing a spatially linear potential from the external magnetic field in the atomic arrays and then manipulating interconnected two-band Bloch oscillations along opposite directions.Our results also point out the possibility of controllable switching between superradiant and subradiant states,which leads to potential applications in quantum storage.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12274326)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1400600,2021YFA1400602)China Scholarship Council(202106260079)。
文摘We propose and experimentally realize a class of quasi-one-dimensional topological lattices whose unit cells are constructed by coupled multiple identical resonators,with uniform hopping and inversion symmetry.In the presence of coupling-path-induced effective zero hopping within the unit cells,the systems are characterized by complete multimerization with degenerate-1 energy edge states for open boundary condition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.U1704102 and No.31172056).
文摘Dear Editor,The dispersal and migration of animal populations are fundamental issues in population ecology(Wei 2018).Understanding the current phylogeographic patterns of animal populations and species conservation requires studying the dispersal and migration of animals during historical periods(Newton et al.1999;Feoktistova et al.2023).There may be three processes for the diffusion and migration of animals.The first process is the repeated migration in the latitudinal direction as ice sheets advance and retreat.The second is the vertical migration along the altitude as mountain glaciers wax and wane,and the third is the migration in the longitudinal direction(Hewitt 2004).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2021YFA1400602 and 2023YFA1407600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12374294 and 52477014)the Chenguang Program of Shanghai(No.21CGA22).
文摘Wireless power transfer(WPT)offers significant advantages,particularly due to its flexibility,enabling diverse applications.However,conventional single-transmitter,single-receiver systems are limited by their sensitivity to lateral disturbances,frequency instability,and strict distance constraints.Recently,multiple-transmitter,single-receiver(MTSR)systems have gained attention for their potential to enhance system flexibility and reliability.In this work,we propose an efficient second-order anti-parity‒time(anti-PT)symmetry by introducing two transmitters that simultaneously exchange energy with the external channel.This concept is further extended to third-order anti-PT symmetry for efficient WPT in MTSR systems.By leveraging interference between shared sources,we construct virtual coupling instead of relying on traditional resistive losses.Remarkably,our system maintains frequency stability,broad bandwidth,and robust high-efficiency power transfer even when the resonant frequencies of the transmitter and receiver coils are mismatched.This innovation challenges conventional understanding and opens new directions for WPT technology.
