Ir is recognized as efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The high price,however,has hindered its application in the production of hydrogen.In this work,we prepared the self-supported FeIr alloy nano...Ir is recognized as efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The high price,however,has hindered its application in the production of hydrogen.In this work,we prepared the self-supported FeIr alloy nanoparticles,taking advantage of solid-state synthesis method.The as-prepared FeIr alloy possesses a novel morphology of pollen,which is consist of smaller FeIr nanoparticles.DFT calculations reveal that the change of the free Gibbs for Ir is negative after the adsorption of active H,while it is positive for the case of Fe.Thus,the alloying of Fe and Ir not only effectively reduces the cost,but also can achieve more adequate adsorption of active H species.Benefitting from this,the as-prepared FeIr alloy nanoparticle exhibits superior HER performance with an overpotential of 19 m V at a current density of 10 m V/cm^(2)and a Tafel slope of 32 m V/dec,when tested in 0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4),better than pure Ir and Pt/C.This work paves the way to the exploration of efficient alloy electrocatalysts for HER.展开更多
Methylation of cytosine is a conserved epigenetic modification that maintains the dynamic balance of methylation in plants under the regulation of methyltransferases and demethylases.In recent years,the study of DNA m...Methylation of cytosine is a conserved epigenetic modification that maintains the dynamic balance of methylation in plants under the regulation of methyltransferases and demethylases.In recent years,the study of DNA methylation in regulating the growth and development of plants and animals has become a key area of research.This review describes the regulatory mechanisms of DNA cytosine methylation in plants.It summarizes studies on epigenetic modifications of DNA methylation in fruit ripening,development,senescence,plant height,organ size,and under biotic and abiotic stresses in horticultural crops.The review provides a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanisms of DNA methylation and their relevance to breeding,genetic improvement,research,innovation,and exploitation of new cultivars of horticultural crops.展开更多
Local consolidative therapy(LCT)has been demonstrated to enhance the survival benefits of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients with oligometastatic or oligoprogressive disease.This randomized,pha...Local consolidative therapy(LCT)has been demonstrated to enhance the survival benefits of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients with oligometastatic or oligoprogressive disease.This randomized,phase 2 trial investigated the efficacy and safety of ablation combining continuous immunotherapy in NSCLC patients with oligo-residual disease(ORD)after anti-PD-1/L1 therapy(ChiCTR,identifier:ChiCTR2000032479).From March 2021 to March 2024,65 patients were randomly assigned(2:1)to ablation combination group(n=43)and immunotherapy maintenance group(n=22),and the full analysis set finally included 42 patients in ablation plus immunotherapy group and 20 patients in immunotherapy maintenance group.With a median follow-up duration of 17.8 months,patients receiving ablation combination were associated with significantly longer PFS(median 26.7 vs.11.7 months,p<0.001,HR=0.213,95%CI 0.099–0.461)and a trend of longer OS(p=0.036,HR=0.242,95%CI 0.057–1.019)than those without ablation.Subgroup analysis showed that cryoablation(n=13)yielded potentially superior survival than thermal ablation(n=31)(mPFS:NA vs.22.4 months,p=0.011),which might induced by the elevated level of IFN-αafter cryotherapy compared to thermal ablation(p=0.078).Additionally,ablation combination group showed a decreased rate of systemic progression pattern compared with immunotherapy maintenance group.Regarding safety,the combination of ablation and immunotherapy was well tolerated,with only 1 patient experiencing grade 3 pneumothorax after ablation.In conclusion,the addition of ablation is well-tolerated and prolongs the survival of immunotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC who develop ORD after anti-PD-1/L1 therapy,while cryoablation showing potentially superior survival benefit compared to thermal ablation.展开更多
Chrysanthemum stalks(CS),a plant by-product,often face underutilization and resource wastage.This study aimed to explore the effects of partially replacing peanut vines(PV)in the diet with CS on the growth performance...Chrysanthemum stalks(CS),a plant by-product,often face underutilization and resource wastage.This study aimed to explore the effects of partially replacing peanut vines(PV)in the diet with CS on the growth performance,rumen fermentation performance and microbiota,as well as the plasma physiology,biochemistry,and metabolism of Hu sheep.Twenty-seven 6-month-old male Hu sheep(weighing 39.4±0.5 kg;mean±SD)were randomly assigned to three groups:1)basal diet(CON);2)CS replaced 7.88% of PV(low substitution[LS]);and 3)CS replaced 15.57% of PV(high substitution[HS]).The feeding trial lasted for 91 d.Replacement of peanut vines with chrysanthemum stalks significantly increased dry matter intake in both LS and HS groups as compared to the CON group(P=0.021;linear effect,P=0.050),while average daily weight gain only increased significantly in the LS group(P=0.020;quadratic P=0.042).The concentrations of volatile fatty acids(VFAs)and ammonia nitrogen(NH 3-N)were the highest in rumen of LS group(P<0.05;quadratic effect,P<0.05).The LS group also had the highest relative abundance of Prevotella(P=0.011;quadratic P=0.001).The rumen metabolomic analysis showed elevated levels of flavonoids,terpenoids,and amino acids in the LS group(P<0.05).Additionally,the LS group exhibited significantly higher levels of total antioxidant capacity,immunoglobulin A,and immunoglobulin M(P<0.05;quadratic P<0.05),while tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ levels were lower(P<0.05;quadratic P<0.05).The plasma metabolomic analysis revealed increases in phospholipids,amino acids,and indole derivatives in the LS group(P<0.05).In general,CS improved the growth performance of Hu sheep by increasing VFA concentrations and promoting beneficial bacteria like Prevotella in the rumen.Additionally,flavonoids and terpenoids in CS were positively associated with immune response and antioxidant capacity.These beneficial effects were more pronounced in the LS group compared to the HS group,highlighting the potential of CS as a roughage substitute for improving sheep growth performance and immune function.展开更多
Objective:We sought to characterize the genomic and immune landscape of signet ring cell carcinoma(SRCC),a rare and aggressive subtype of colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods:Tissue samples and clinicopathological data were...Objective:We sought to characterize the genomic and immune landscape of signet ring cell carcinoma(SRCC),a rare and aggressive subtype of colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods:Tissue samples and clinicopathological data were retrospectively analyzed from 37 SRCC and 172 conventional adenocarcinomas(AC)of rectum and sigmoid colon.The genetic and immune profiles were assessed using DNA next-generation sequencing(NGS)and multiplex immunohistochemistry.Results:Compared to AC,SRCC patients were younger,had higher tumor,node,metastasis(TNM)stages and tumor grades(all P<0.05),and exhibited significantly worse 3-year disease-free survival(DFS)and overall sur-vival(OS)(both P<0.0001).SRCC exhibited fewer somatic mutations in well-known CRC driver genes including APC(32%vs.74%),KRAS(16%vs.42%),and FBXW7(0 vs.20%),but showed higher frequencies of genetic alterations in SMAD4,RNF43,BCL2L11(present only in SRCC),MYC,and ARID2(all P<0.05).SRCC showed sig-nificantly higher levels of CD8^(+)tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs),but lower PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs in both stroma and intratumoral regions(all P<0.05).Interestingly,high PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs in intratumoral regions significantly predicted longer DFS and OS in all SRCC and stage II-III SRCC patients(all P<0.05),while CD3^(+)or CD8^(+)TILs did not.Moreover,the characteristic immune cell infiltration correlated with specific genetic alterations in SRCC.Conclusions:Colorectal SRCC is a clinically and molecularly distinct and highly malignant subtype compared to AC.It exhibits a“pseudo-T cell-inflamed”tumor microenvironment with increased total CD8^(+)TILs but reduced PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TIL infiltration.Notably,PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TIL infiltration is associated with favorable prognosis.These findings provide new insights into tumor-immune interactions in SRCC,with potential implications for prognostic stratification and the development of personalized immunotherapeutic strategies.展开更多
The widely used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9(SpCas9)requires NGG as a protospacer adjacent motif(PAM)for genome editing.Although Sp Cas9 is a powerful genome-editing tool,its use has been limited on the targetable geno...The widely used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9(SpCas9)requires NGG as a protospacer adjacent motif(PAM)for genome editing.Although Sp Cas9 is a powerful genome-editing tool,its use has been limited on the targetable genomic locus lacking NGG PAM.The Sp Cas9 variants xCas9 and Cas9-NG have been developed to recognize NG,GAA,and GAT PAMs in human cel s.Here,we show that xCas9 cannot recognize NG PAMs in tomato,and Cas9-NG can recognize some of our tested NG PAMs in the tomato and Arabidopsis genomes.In addition,we engineered BrSp Cas9(XNG-Cas9)based on mutations from both xCas9 and Cas9-NG,and found that XNG-Cas9 can efficiently mutagenize endogenous target sites with NG,GAG,GAA,and GAT PAMs in the tomato or Arabidopsis genomes.The PAM compatibility of XNG-Cas9 is the broadest reported to date among Cas9 s(SpCas9 and Cas9-NG)active in plant.展开更多
Porous materials have been extensively developed and displayed special applications in diverse fields,however,it still remains a great challenge in developing new synthetic methods with features of energy-saving and e...Porous materials have been extensively developed and displayed special applications in diverse fields,however,it still remains a great challenge in developing new synthetic methods with features of energy-saving and easy-operating.In this study,we reported the construction of a series of novel ionic complexes based on discrete supramolecular triangle structure and polyoxometalate[Mo_(6)O_(19)]^(2-),using a quite efficient strategy.The obtained composites exhibit precise 3D network structures with ideal stability con-taining micropores,which were characterized by the 1H NMR,ESI-MS,TEM,SEM,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.These compo-sites showed differential vapor adsorption behaviors for benzene,toluene,and cyclohexane.This work provides a novel approach for fabricating porous materials through electrostatic interactions and has great potential for gas separation.展开更多
Dear editor,Breast cancer has been considered as the most common malignancy and the leading cause of death in women worldwide[1].Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)accounts for 10%-20%of breast cancers,which are chara...Dear editor,Breast cancer has been considered as the most common malignancy and the leading cause of death in women worldwide[1].Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)accounts for 10%-20%of breast cancers,which are characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR),and amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)[2].TNBC is well known for its rapid progressiveness,high rate of distant organ recurrence,and poor prognosis.Metastasis remains the major cause of death for patients with TNBCs.Up to date,the only direct treatment for metastatic TNBCs is chemotherapy,which has been challenged by tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance.Lack of effective targeted therapy for metastatic TNBCs impels researchers to focus on discovering potentially actionable targets through mutational profiling.展开更多
Mechanically interlocked molecules(MIMs)and host–vip chemistry have received great attention in the past few decades.However,it remains challenging to design architectures with mechanically interlocked features and...Mechanically interlocked molecules(MIMs)and host–vip chemistry have received great attention in the past few decades.However,it remains challenging to design architectures with mechanically interlocked features and construct cavities for vip molecule recognition using similar building blocks.In this study,we designed and constructed a series of novel twisted supramolecular structures by assembling various multitopic terpyridine(tpy)ligands with the same diameter and Zn(II)ions.The obtained complexes exhibited evolutional architectures and showed distinctively different space-constraint effects.Specifically,the assembled dimer SA,SB,and SBH displayed mechanically interlocked phenomena,including[2]catenane and[3]catenane,with an increase in concentration.However,no interlocked structures were observed in complexes SC and SCH constructed by hexatopic tpy ligands due to the significant space constraints.The single-crystal data of complex SCH further proved significant space constraints and illustrated the formation of a relatively closed cavity,which showed excellent host–vip properties for different calixarenes,especially high affinity for calix[6]arene.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52072255)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant Nos.LTY20E020001,LY21E020001)。
文摘Ir is recognized as efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The high price,however,has hindered its application in the production of hydrogen.In this work,we prepared the self-supported FeIr alloy nanoparticles,taking advantage of solid-state synthesis method.The as-prepared FeIr alloy possesses a novel morphology of pollen,which is consist of smaller FeIr nanoparticles.DFT calculations reveal that the change of the free Gibbs for Ir is negative after the adsorption of active H,while it is positive for the case of Fe.Thus,the alloying of Fe and Ir not only effectively reduces the cost,but also can achieve more adequate adsorption of active H species.Benefitting from this,the as-prepared FeIr alloy nanoparticle exhibits superior HER performance with an overpotential of 19 m V at a current density of 10 m V/cm^(2)and a Tafel slope of 32 m V/dec,when tested in 0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4),better than pure Ir and Pt/C.This work paves the way to the exploration of efficient alloy electrocatalysts for HER.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270367)the Office of Education of Anhui Province for Distinguished Young Scholars(2022AH020061)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1300401 and NK2022010301).
文摘Methylation of cytosine is a conserved epigenetic modification that maintains the dynamic balance of methylation in plants under the regulation of methyltransferases and demethylases.In recent years,the study of DNA methylation in regulating the growth and development of plants and animals has become a key area of research.This review describes the regulatory mechanisms of DNA cytosine methylation in plants.It summarizes studies on epigenetic modifications of DNA methylation in fruit ripening,development,senescence,plant height,organ size,and under biotic and abiotic stresses in horticultural crops.The review provides a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanisms of DNA methylation and their relevance to breeding,genetic improvement,research,innovation,and exploitation of new cultivars of horticultural crops.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC2414000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82373319,No.82172869)+3 种基金Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD0520200,2024ZD0520206)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(24Y12800300)Shanghai Anticancer Association EYAS PROJECT(SACA-CY23A01)the National Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Program of China:Establishment and Application of a Precision Diagnosis and Treatment System for Chest Tumors.
文摘Local consolidative therapy(LCT)has been demonstrated to enhance the survival benefits of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients with oligometastatic or oligoprogressive disease.This randomized,phase 2 trial investigated the efficacy and safety of ablation combining continuous immunotherapy in NSCLC patients with oligo-residual disease(ORD)after anti-PD-1/L1 therapy(ChiCTR,identifier:ChiCTR2000032479).From March 2021 to March 2024,65 patients were randomly assigned(2:1)to ablation combination group(n=43)and immunotherapy maintenance group(n=22),and the full analysis set finally included 42 patients in ablation plus immunotherapy group and 20 patients in immunotherapy maintenance group.With a median follow-up duration of 17.8 months,patients receiving ablation combination were associated with significantly longer PFS(median 26.7 vs.11.7 months,p<0.001,HR=0.213,95%CI 0.099–0.461)and a trend of longer OS(p=0.036,HR=0.242,95%CI 0.057–1.019)than those without ablation.Subgroup analysis showed that cryoablation(n=13)yielded potentially superior survival than thermal ablation(n=31)(mPFS:NA vs.22.4 months,p=0.011),which might induced by the elevated level of IFN-αafter cryotherapy compared to thermal ablation(p=0.078).Additionally,ablation combination group showed a decreased rate of systemic progression pattern compared with immunotherapy maintenance group.Regarding safety,the combination of ablation and immunotherapy was well tolerated,with only 1 patient experiencing grade 3 pneumothorax after ablation.In conclusion,the addition of ablation is well-tolerated and prolongs the survival of immunotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC who develop ORD after anti-PD-1/L1 therapy,while cryoablation showing potentially superior survival benefit compared to thermal ablation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172742)the Yinchuan Science and Technology Plan Project(2023XTCX02)+2 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Plan Projectthe Cooperative Extension Plan of Major Agricultural Technologies of Zhejiang Provincethe Jiaxing Science and Technology Plan Project(2025CGZ073).
文摘Chrysanthemum stalks(CS),a plant by-product,often face underutilization and resource wastage.This study aimed to explore the effects of partially replacing peanut vines(PV)in the diet with CS on the growth performance,rumen fermentation performance and microbiota,as well as the plasma physiology,biochemistry,and metabolism of Hu sheep.Twenty-seven 6-month-old male Hu sheep(weighing 39.4±0.5 kg;mean±SD)were randomly assigned to three groups:1)basal diet(CON);2)CS replaced 7.88% of PV(low substitution[LS]);and 3)CS replaced 15.57% of PV(high substitution[HS]).The feeding trial lasted for 91 d.Replacement of peanut vines with chrysanthemum stalks significantly increased dry matter intake in both LS and HS groups as compared to the CON group(P=0.021;linear effect,P=0.050),while average daily weight gain only increased significantly in the LS group(P=0.020;quadratic P=0.042).The concentrations of volatile fatty acids(VFAs)and ammonia nitrogen(NH 3-N)were the highest in rumen of LS group(P<0.05;quadratic effect,P<0.05).The LS group also had the highest relative abundance of Prevotella(P=0.011;quadratic P=0.001).The rumen metabolomic analysis showed elevated levels of flavonoids,terpenoids,and amino acids in the LS group(P<0.05).Additionally,the LS group exhibited significantly higher levels of total antioxidant capacity,immunoglobulin A,and immunoglobulin M(P<0.05;quadratic P<0.05),while tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ levels were lower(P<0.05;quadratic P<0.05).The plasma metabolomic analysis revealed increases in phospholipids,amino acids,and indole derivatives in the LS group(P<0.05).In general,CS improved the growth performance of Hu sheep by increasing VFA concentrations and promoting beneficial bacteria like Prevotella in the rumen.Additionally,flavonoids and terpenoids in CS were positively associated with immune response and antioxidant capacity.These beneficial effects were more pronounced in the LS group compared to the HS group,highlighting the potential of CS as a roughage substitute for improving sheep growth performance and immune function.
基金supported by CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(grant number:2022-I2M-C&T-B-032)National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(grant number:2022-PUMCH-C-005).
文摘Objective:We sought to characterize the genomic and immune landscape of signet ring cell carcinoma(SRCC),a rare and aggressive subtype of colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods:Tissue samples and clinicopathological data were retrospectively analyzed from 37 SRCC and 172 conventional adenocarcinomas(AC)of rectum and sigmoid colon.The genetic and immune profiles were assessed using DNA next-generation sequencing(NGS)and multiplex immunohistochemistry.Results:Compared to AC,SRCC patients were younger,had higher tumor,node,metastasis(TNM)stages and tumor grades(all P<0.05),and exhibited significantly worse 3-year disease-free survival(DFS)and overall sur-vival(OS)(both P<0.0001).SRCC exhibited fewer somatic mutations in well-known CRC driver genes including APC(32%vs.74%),KRAS(16%vs.42%),and FBXW7(0 vs.20%),but showed higher frequencies of genetic alterations in SMAD4,RNF43,BCL2L11(present only in SRCC),MYC,and ARID2(all P<0.05).SRCC showed sig-nificantly higher levels of CD8^(+)tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs),but lower PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs in both stroma and intratumoral regions(all P<0.05).Interestingly,high PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs in intratumoral regions significantly predicted longer DFS and OS in all SRCC and stage II-III SRCC patients(all P<0.05),while CD3^(+)or CD8^(+)TILs did not.Moreover,the characteristic immune cell infiltration correlated with specific genetic alterations in SRCC.Conclusions:Colorectal SRCC is a clinically and molecularly distinct and highly malignant subtype compared to AC.It exhibits a“pseudo-T cell-inflamed”tumor microenvironment with increased total CD8^(+)TILs but reduced PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TIL infiltration.Notably,PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TIL infiltration is associated with favorable prognosis.These findings provide new insights into tumor-immune interactions in SRCC,with potential implications for prognostic stratification and the development of personalized immunotherapeutic strategies.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFD1000200)(Z.L.)Major Project of Transgenic Crops of China(2019ZX08010003-002-006)(Y.L.)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB27040000)(Z.L.)。
文摘The widely used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9(SpCas9)requires NGG as a protospacer adjacent motif(PAM)for genome editing.Although Sp Cas9 is a powerful genome-editing tool,its use has been limited on the targetable genomic locus lacking NGG PAM.The Sp Cas9 variants xCas9 and Cas9-NG have been developed to recognize NG,GAA,and GAT PAMs in human cel s.Here,we show that xCas9 cannot recognize NG PAMs in tomato,and Cas9-NG can recognize some of our tested NG PAMs in the tomato and Arabidopsis genomes.In addition,we engineered BrSp Cas9(XNG-Cas9)based on mutations from both xCas9 and Cas9-NG,and found that XNG-Cas9 can efficiently mutagenize endogenous target sites with NG,GAG,GAA,and GAT PAMs in the tomato or Arabidopsis genomes.The PAM compatibility of XNG-Cas9 is the broadest reported to date among Cas9 s(SpCas9 and Cas9-NG)active in plant.
基金We gratefully acknowledge the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22071079 for M.W)thank the staffs from BL17B beamline of National Facility for Protein Sciencein Shanghai(NFPS)at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility,for assistance during data collection.
文摘Porous materials have been extensively developed and displayed special applications in diverse fields,however,it still remains a great challenge in developing new synthetic methods with features of energy-saving and easy-operating.In this study,we reported the construction of a series of novel ionic complexes based on discrete supramolecular triangle structure and polyoxometalate[Mo_(6)O_(19)]^(2-),using a quite efficient strategy.The obtained composites exhibit precise 3D network structures with ideal stability con-taining micropores,which were characterized by the 1H NMR,ESI-MS,TEM,SEM,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.These compo-sites showed differential vapor adsorption behaviors for benzene,toluene,and cyclohexane.This work provides a novel approach for fabricating porous materials through electrostatic interactions and has great potential for gas separation.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1312101)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)Initiative for Innovative Medicine(CAMS-12M-1-010,2017-12M-3-004)+2 种基金Major Project of Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(D161100000816004)National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology,China(2015ZX09101007)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project(D161100000816004).
文摘Dear editor,Breast cancer has been considered as the most common malignancy and the leading cause of death in women worldwide[1].Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)accounts for 10%-20%of breast cancers,which are characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR),and amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)[2].TNBC is well known for its rapid progressiveness,high rate of distant organ recurrence,and poor prognosis.Metastasis remains the major cause of death for patients with TNBCs.Up to date,the only direct treatment for metastatic TNBCs is chemotherapy,which has been challenged by tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance.Lack of effective targeted therapy for metastatic TNBCs impels researchers to focus on discovering potentially actionable targets through mutational profiling.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.22071079 for M.W.)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(grant no.2019A1515011358 for Z.Z.)Science and Technology Research Project of Guangzhou(grant no.202002030257 for Z.Z).
文摘Mechanically interlocked molecules(MIMs)and host–vip chemistry have received great attention in the past few decades.However,it remains challenging to design architectures with mechanically interlocked features and construct cavities for vip molecule recognition using similar building blocks.In this study,we designed and constructed a series of novel twisted supramolecular structures by assembling various multitopic terpyridine(tpy)ligands with the same diameter and Zn(II)ions.The obtained complexes exhibited evolutional architectures and showed distinctively different space-constraint effects.Specifically,the assembled dimer SA,SB,and SBH displayed mechanically interlocked phenomena,including[2]catenane and[3]catenane,with an increase in concentration.However,no interlocked structures were observed in complexes SC and SCH constructed by hexatopic tpy ligands due to the significant space constraints.The single-crystal data of complex SCH further proved significant space constraints and illustrated the formation of a relatively closed cavity,which showed excellent host–vip properties for different calixarenes,especially high affinity for calix[6]arene.
