Nurses often face moral dilemmas in their work,and the resulting moral injury has become an important factor affecting the stability of the nursing workforce and nurses’professional health.This article reviews the co...Nurses often face moral dilemmas in their work,and the resulting moral injury has become an important factor affecting the stability of the nursing workforce and nurses’professional health.This article reviews the concept of moral injury,the measurement tools,the influencing factors of moral injury such as demographic factors,psychological factors,and the adverse outcomes,to provide reference for the promotion of nurses’physical and mental health and the enhancement of the quality of nursing services,and the development of effective interventions for nurses’moral injury,through the systematic summary of the knowledge related to moral injury.展开更多
Two-dimensional（2 D） nanofluidic systems provide a highly efficient way to integrate a huge amount of cascading lamellar nanofluidic channels into macroscopic membrane materials for practical use in, for example, mo...Two-dimensional（2 D） nanofluidic systems provide a highly efficient way to integrate a huge amount of cascading lamellar nanofluidic channels into macroscopic membrane materials for practical use in, for example, molecular separation, water treatment, and energy storage. Besides the well-studied graphenebased materials, other 2 D nanomaterials, such as the transition metal dichalcogenides（TMDCs）, are expected as promising alternatives. Here, we report strong ionic current rectification（ICR） effect found in Mo S2/WSe2 bi-layered membrane structure. The preferential direction for ion transport is from the WSe2 layers to the Mo S2 layers. The maximum ICR ratio approaches 35 at intermediate electrolyte concentration. More intriguingly, by exchanging the deposition order of the Mo S2 and WSe2 layers, the observed ICR effect can be reversed. These evidences justify that the highly rectified ion transport phenomenon results from the asymmetry in the reconstructed 2 D layered materials. This work is the first discovery of ICR effect in 2 D nanofluidic heterostructures, and provides further opportunities for innovative nanofluidic devices and materials.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Previous studies have used many methods for in vitro Schwann cells （SCs） cultures and purification, such as single cell suspension and cytosine arabinoside. However, it has been difficult to obtain suff...BACKGROUND： Previous studies have used many methods for in vitro Schwann cells （SCs） cultures and purification, such as single cell suspension and cytosine arabinoside. However, it has been difficult to obtain sufficient cellular density, and the procedures have been quite tedious. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the feasibility of culturing high-density SCs using fetal human dorsal root ganglion tissue explants. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Cell culture and irnmunohistochernistry were performed at the Central Laboratory of Kunrning General Hospital of Chinese PLA between March 2001 and October 2008. MATERIALS： Culture media containing 10% fetal bovine serum, as well as 0.2% collagenase and 0.25% trypsin were purchased from Gibco, USA; mouse anti-human S-100 monoclonal antibody and goat anti-mouse IgG labeled with horseradish peroxidase were provided by Beijing Institute of Biological Products, China. METHODS： Primarily cultured SCs were dissociated from dorsal root ganglia of human aborted fetuses at 4 6 months pregnancy. Following removal of the dorsal root ganglion perineurium, the ganglia were dissected into tiny pieces and digested with 0.2% collagenase and 0.25% trypsin （volume ratio 1：1）, then explanted and cultured. SC purification was performed with 5 rnL 10% fetal bovine serum added to the culture media, followed by differential adhesion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： SCs morphology was observed under inverted phase contrast light microscopy. SC purity was evaluated according to percentage of S-100 immunostained cells. RESULTS： SCs were primarily cultured for 5 6 days and then subcultured for 4 5 passages. The highly enriched SC population reached 〉 95% purity and presented with normal morphology. CONCLUSION： A high purity of SCs was obtained with culture methods using human fetal dorsal root ganglion tissue explants.展开更多
The scales evaluating patients'neurological functions and quality of life are the basis of clinical evaluation and/or scientific research of nervous system diseases.Neurological functions of patients with spinal c...The scales evaluating patients'neurological functions and quality of life are the basis of clinical evaluation and/or scientific research of nervous system diseases.Neurological functions of patients with spinal cord injury(SCI)are commonly assessed by using American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA)Impairment Scale or International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury(ISNCSCI).Generally,the quality of life for SCI patients is evaluated by using several available evaluating scales.International Association of Neurorestoratology(IANR)Spinal Cord Injury Functional Rating Scale(IANR-SCIFRS)was designed as one single method to assess various items of quality of life related with SCI,including male sexual function.However,in clinical practice,the ability of returning to society is an important index of quality of life after SCI.Additionally,the female patients'sexual function after SCI that has been neglected in the past should be reconsidered following neurorestorative treatments.Even more,this scale also can be applied to assess the quality of life in patients with spinal cord dysfunction due to diseases or disorders.Thus,the IANR added the ability of returning to society and female patients’sexual function in the current revised version and renamed the scale as Spinal Cord Injury or Dysfunction Quality of Life Rating Scale(SCIDQLRS)(IANR 2022 version).Hopefully,this revised scale is widely used to expand enhanced improvements of quality of life following neurorestorative treatments in patients with SCI or spinal cord dysfunction.展开更多
Background C7 nerve transfer surgery aims to bridge neural gaps and promote functional recovery in patients with central nervous system(CNS)injuries.The surgery involves transferring the C7 nerve root from the healthy...Background C7 nerve transfer surgery aims to bridge neural gaps and promote functional recovery in patients with central nervous system(CNS)injuries.The surgery involves transferring the C7 nerve root from the healthy side to the affected side,promoting neural plasticity and reconstructing motor control.Research on C7 nerve transfer surgery is gradually coming into the public eye,with more innovations and applications in evidence-based research and biological mechanism studies in this field.Methods This is the first bibliometric analysis of C7 nerve transfer surgery.Relevant articles related to the field published between 1986 and 2023 were assessed,providing an emerging theoretical basis for future advances and developments.The literature source was the Web of Science Core Collection.The publication column,author details,affiliated institutions and countries,publication year,and keywords were recorded.Results A total of 3,416 articles were included.The annual publications on C7 nerve transfer surgery fluctuated within a certain range.“BRAIN RESEARCH”is the journal with the most publications,and the“INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS VOLUME”is the most influential journal.GU YD is the most prolific author,with 40 articles and the highest H-index(h=19).The top-ranking country and institution are the United States and the University of California System,producing 1,004 and 159 articles,respectively.Co-keyword cluster analysis indicates that the temporal research trends in C7 nerve transfer surgery are mainly focused on imaging examinations and long-term prognosis.Conclusion This study collected,visualized,and analyzed the literature in the field of C7 nerve transfer surgery over the past 47 years to map the development process and examine research frontiers,research hotspots,cutting-edge directions of clinical practice,and the therapeutic mechanisms underlying the operation.展开更多
Treatment of spinal cord injury(SCI)remains challenging.Considering the rapid developments in neurorestorative therapies for SCI,we have revised and updated the Clinical Therapeutic Guidelines for Neurorestoration in ...Treatment of spinal cord injury(SCI)remains challenging.Considering the rapid developments in neurorestorative therapies for SCI,we have revised and updated the Clinical Therapeutic Guidelines for Neurorestoration in Spinal Cord Injury(2016 Chinese version)of the Chinese Association of Neurorestoratology(Preparatory)and China Committee of International Association of Neurorestoratology.Treatment of SCI is a systematic multimodal process that aims to improve survival and restore neurological function.These guidelines cover real-world comprehensive neurorestorative management of acute,subacute,and chronic SCI and include assessment and diagnosis,pre-hospital first aid,treatment,rehabilitation,and complication management.展开更多
Introduction:Spinal cord injury is one of the main causes of severe neurological trauma and disability.Intramedullary decompression of acute spinal cord contusion in acute phase is one of the important therapeutic exp...Introduction:Spinal cord injury is one of the main causes of severe neurological trauma and disability.Intramedullary decompression of acute spinal cord contusion in acute phase is one of the important therapeutic exploration methods.Due to the lack of multicenter,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled clinical studies,true effect of this treatment remains controversial.Objective of the study:This design of the study is to explore the safety and neuro-restorativeeffects of intramedullary decompression for acute complete spinal cord contusion injury.Design of the study:We design the prospective,multicenter,randomized,double-blind placebo-controlled trial(MRDPT)for acute(less than 24 hours after injury)spinal cord contusion injury.Sixty patients with acute complete spinal cord contusion injury(20 in cervical 4 to thoracic 1,20 in thoracic 2 to thoracic 9,and 20 in thoracic 10 to lumbar vertebra 1)are selected according to the selected conditions.All patients receive conventional treatments such as reduction and fixation of spinal fractures and/or spinal spondylolisthesis,bone external decompression relieves spinal cord compression.At the same time,group A(n=30,10 of each segment group)undergoes intramedullary decompression surgery and group B(n=30)does not undergo intramedullary decompression.All relevant functional changes before,after,and during the follow-up period are recorded to ensure objective evaluation of the results of the treatment.Ethics and dissemination:The clinical study protocol and consent form were approved by China Branch of International Association of Neurorestoratology and the ethics committees of the hospitals which join this trial.Registration No.of this study is ChiCTR1800020458.Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals.展开更多
Objective:To introduce a novel intradural microsurgery method for acute spinal cord injury,while evaluating the safety and effect.Methods:87 patients with complete spinal cord injury were enrolled and treated with the...Objective:To introduce a novel intradural microsurgery method for acute spinal cord injury,while evaluating the safety and effect.Methods:87 patients with complete spinal cord injury were enrolled and treated with the novel intradural microsurgery within 48 h,in addition to traditional surgical interventions(internal fixation,laminectomy).Results:Complications including massive hemorrhage,infection and impairment aggravation did not occur during and after surgery.There were 16 cases of B grade,13 cases of C grade,6 cases of D grade base on the ASIA impairment scale 3 months after surgery,and average 18.51 increase in motor score,16.64 increase in light touch score,17.12 increase in pin prick score were achieved.Conclusions:Early intradural microsurgery is safe,causing no neurological function lost and no major adverse event,and it is associated with neurologic improvement in patients with severe spinal cord injury.展开更多
Osmotic power generation in biomimetic nanofluidic systems has attracted considerable research interest owing to the enhanced performance and long-term stability. Towards practical applications, when extrapolating the...Osmotic power generation in biomimetic nanofluidic systems has attracted considerable research interest owing to the enhanced performance and long-term stability. Towards practical applications, when extrapolating the materials from single-nanopore to multi-pore membranes, conventional viewpoint suggests that, to gain high electric power density, the porosity should be as high as possible. However, recent experimental observations show that the commonly-used linear amplification method largely overestimates the actual performance, particularly at high pore density. Herein, we provide a theoretical investigation to understand the reason. We find a counterintuitive pore-density dependence in high porosity nanofluidic systems that, once the pore density approaches more than lx109 pores/cm2, the overall output electric power goes down with the increasing pore density. The excessively high pore density impairs the charge selectivity and induces strong ion concentration polarization, which undermines the osmotic power generation process. By optimizing the geometric size of the nanopores, the performance degradation can be effectively relieved. These findings clarify the origin of the unsatisfactory performance of the current osmotic nanofluidic power sources, and provide insights to further optimize the device.展开更多
In recent years,numerous studies have been reported for oil/water separation,such as superoleophilic materials for oil absorption and underwater superoleophobic membranes for continuous separation.However,for the reco...In recent years,numerous studies have been reported for oil/water separation,such as superoleophilic materials for oil absorption and underwater superoleophobic membranes for continuous separation.However,for the recovery of oil slick pollution on near-shore ocean surface caused by various reasons,large area and fast availability of used materials are needed to be considered.Herein,we report an efficient and environmentally friendly method to fast process nylon mesh by surface diffuse atmospheric plasma(SDAP)for large-area oil/water separation.Nylon mesh is funcionalized by atmospheric plasma to generate micro/nano composite structures on the surface,resulting in superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity within only seconds.The pre-wetted modified nylon mesh can achieve high efficiency(>99.9%)and circulating water flux(~30,000 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)),with high intrusion pressure(~3 kPa)and universality in oil/water separation.Regular plasma unconditionally generated in the atmosphere with the merit of efficiently functionalizing surface has the potential of large-area materials treatment.This study might take one step further for large-area industrial oily wastewater recovery and even oil slicks collection in near-shore water bodies.展开更多
Biology systems harvest solar energy to regulate ions and molecules precisely across cell membrane that is essential to maintain their life sustainability.Recently,artificial light-driven directional ion transport thr...Biology systems harvest solar energy to regulate ions and molecules precisely across cell membrane that is essential to maintain their life sustainability.Recently,artificial light-driven directional ion transport through graphene oxide membranes has been established,where the membrane converts light power into a transmembrane motive force.Herein,we report a silver nanoparticles decorated graphene oxide membranes for enhanced photo-driven ionic transport.Asymmetric light stimulated charge carrier dynamics,such as advanced light absorption efficiency,extended lifetime and efficient separation of photo-excited charge carriers,are account for the ion-driven force enhancement.Based on metal nanoparticles decoration,the concept of the vip-interactions of plasmon-enhanced photo-driven ion transport in two-dimentional layered membranes will stimulate broad researches in sensing,energy storage and conversion and water treatment.展开更多
Plant proteins that belong to the nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related(NPR)gene family are paralogous receptors ofthe plantdefense hormone salicylic acidandessential regulators of hormone-dependent plant immunity agai...Plant proteins that belong to the nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related(NPR)gene family are paralogous receptors ofthe plantdefense hormone salicylic acidandessential regulators of hormone-dependent plant immunity against diseases caused by various pathogens.Previous studies have established NPR1 and NPR3 as a transcriptional activator and a transcriptional repressor,respectively,of defense-gene expres-sion to promote and inhibit broad-spectrum resistance against different strains of pathogens.However,the regulatory mechanism that underlies the opposing roles of NPR1 and NPR3 in defense-gene activation re-mains unclear.Here,we report that a rice transcript splicing factor,Oryza sativa RNA-binding protein 11(OsRBP11),promotes alternative splicing of OsNPR3 to modulate the defense function of OsNPR1 in rice plants infected by Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars,which are important bacterial pathogens of rice.We discovered that 11 transcription activator-like effectors identified in representative bacterial strains acti-vate OsRBP11 expression.The OsRBP11 protein,in turn,facilitates alternative splicing of the OsNPR3 mRNA precursor,leading to the production of truncated OsNPR3 protein variants.The OsNPR3 variants exacerbate bacterial diseases by sequestering OsNPR1 from defense-gene activation.By contrast,both artificial andnatural variations inOsRBP11preventthe alternative splicing of OsNPR3,restore thedefense function of OsNPR1,and enhance rice resistance to different bacterial strains.These findings not only reveal a novel regulatory pathway exploited by bacterial pathogens to facilitate their pathogenicity and subvert plant defense but also provide a genetic basis for biotechnological strategies aimed at developing broad-spectrum resistance in crops.展开更多
文摘Nurses often face moral dilemmas in their work,and the resulting moral injury has become an important factor affecting the stability of the nursing workforce and nurses’professional health.This article reviews the concept of moral injury,the measurement tools,the influencing factors of moral injury such as demographic factors,psychological factors,and the adverse outcomes,to provide reference for the promotion of nurses’physical and mental health and the enhancement of the quality of nursing services,and the development of effective interventions for nurses’moral injury,through the systematic summary of the knowledge related to moral injury.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21522108, 11290163)
文摘Two-dimensional（2 D） nanofluidic systems provide a highly efficient way to integrate a huge amount of cascading lamellar nanofluidic channels into macroscopic membrane materials for practical use in, for example, molecular separation, water treatment, and energy storage. Besides the well-studied graphenebased materials, other 2 D nanomaterials, such as the transition metal dichalcogenides（TMDCs）, are expected as promising alternatives. Here, we report strong ionic current rectification（ICR） effect found in Mo S2/WSe2 bi-layered membrane structure. The preferential direction for ion transport is from the WSe2 layers to the Mo S2 layers. The maximum ICR ratio approaches 35 at intermediate electrolyte concentration. More intriguingly, by exchanging the deposition order of the Mo S2 and WSe2 layers, the observed ICR effect can be reversed. These evidences justify that the highly rectified ion transport phenomenon results from the asymmetry in the reconstructed 2 D layered materials. This work is the first discovery of ICR effect in 2 D nanofluidic heterostructures, and provides further opportunities for innovative nanofluidic devices and materials.
基金the Clinic New & High Technology Program of Chinese PLA(Major Program),No.01MB039
文摘BACKGROUND： Previous studies have used many methods for in vitro Schwann cells （SCs） cultures and purification, such as single cell suspension and cytosine arabinoside. However, it has been difficult to obtain sufficient cellular density, and the procedures have been quite tedious. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the feasibility of culturing high-density SCs using fetal human dorsal root ganglion tissue explants. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Cell culture and irnmunohistochernistry were performed at the Central Laboratory of Kunrning General Hospital of Chinese PLA between March 2001 and October 2008. MATERIALS： Culture media containing 10% fetal bovine serum, as well as 0.2% collagenase and 0.25% trypsin were purchased from Gibco, USA; mouse anti-human S-100 monoclonal antibody and goat anti-mouse IgG labeled with horseradish peroxidase were provided by Beijing Institute of Biological Products, China. METHODS： Primarily cultured SCs were dissociated from dorsal root ganglia of human aborted fetuses at 4 6 months pregnancy. Following removal of the dorsal root ganglion perineurium, the ganglia were dissected into tiny pieces and digested with 0.2% collagenase and 0.25% trypsin （volume ratio 1：1）, then explanted and cultured. SC purification was performed with 5 rnL 10% fetal bovine serum added to the culture media, followed by differential adhesion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： SCs morphology was observed under inverted phase contrast light microscopy. SC purity was evaluated according to percentage of S-100 immunostained cells. RESULTS： SCs were primarily cultured for 5 6 days and then subcultured for 4 5 passages. The highly enriched SC population reached 〉 95% purity and presented with normal morphology. CONCLUSION： A high purity of SCs was obtained with culture methods using human fetal dorsal root ganglion tissue explants.
文摘The scales evaluating patients'neurological functions and quality of life are the basis of clinical evaluation and/or scientific research of nervous system diseases.Neurological functions of patients with spinal cord injury(SCI)are commonly assessed by using American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA)Impairment Scale or International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury(ISNCSCI).Generally,the quality of life for SCI patients is evaluated by using several available evaluating scales.International Association of Neurorestoratology(IANR)Spinal Cord Injury Functional Rating Scale(IANR-SCIFRS)was designed as one single method to assess various items of quality of life related with SCI,including male sexual function.However,in clinical practice,the ability of returning to society is an important index of quality of life after SCI.Additionally,the female patients'sexual function after SCI that has been neglected in the past should be reconsidered following neurorestorative treatments.Even more,this scale also can be applied to assess the quality of life in patients with spinal cord dysfunction due to diseases or disorders.Thus,the IANR added the ability of returning to society and female patients’sexual function in the current revised version and renamed the scale as Spinal Cord Injury or Dysfunction Quality of Life Rating Scale(SCIDQLRS)(IANR 2022 version).Hopefully,this revised scale is widely used to expand enhanced improvements of quality of life following neurorestorative treatments in patients with SCI or spinal cord dysfunction.
基金supported by the project of Hospital Management of the 920th Hospital of China People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force(code:01102001).
文摘Background C7 nerve transfer surgery aims to bridge neural gaps and promote functional recovery in patients with central nervous system(CNS)injuries.The surgery involves transferring the C7 nerve root from the healthy side to the affected side,promoting neural plasticity and reconstructing motor control.Research on C7 nerve transfer surgery is gradually coming into the public eye,with more innovations and applications in evidence-based research and biological mechanism studies in this field.Methods This is the first bibliometric analysis of C7 nerve transfer surgery.Relevant articles related to the field published between 1986 and 2023 were assessed,providing an emerging theoretical basis for future advances and developments.The literature source was the Web of Science Core Collection.The publication column,author details,affiliated institutions and countries,publication year,and keywords were recorded.Results A total of 3,416 articles were included.The annual publications on C7 nerve transfer surgery fluctuated within a certain range.“BRAIN RESEARCH”is the journal with the most publications,and the“INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS VOLUME”is the most influential journal.GU YD is the most prolific author,with 40 articles and the highest H-index(h=19).The top-ranking country and institution are the United States and the University of California System,producing 1,004 and 159 articles,respectively.Co-keyword cluster analysis indicates that the temporal research trends in C7 nerve transfer surgery are mainly focused on imaging examinations and long-term prognosis.Conclusion This study collected,visualized,and analyzed the literature in the field of C7 nerve transfer surgery over the past 47 years to map the development process and examine research frontiers,research hotspots,cutting-edge directions of clinical practice,and the therapeutic mechanisms underlying the operation.
文摘Treatment of spinal cord injury(SCI)remains challenging.Considering the rapid developments in neurorestorative therapies for SCI,we have revised and updated the Clinical Therapeutic Guidelines for Neurorestoration in Spinal Cord Injury(2016 Chinese version)of the Chinese Association of Neurorestoratology(Preparatory)and China Committee of International Association of Neurorestoratology.Treatment of SCI is a systematic multimodal process that aims to improve survival and restore neurological function.These guidelines cover real-world comprehensive neurorestorative management of acute,subacute,and chronic SCI and include assessment and diagnosis,pre-hospital first aid,treatment,rehabilitation,and complication management.
文摘Introduction:Spinal cord injury is one of the main causes of severe neurological trauma and disability.Intramedullary decompression of acute spinal cord contusion in acute phase is one of the important therapeutic exploration methods.Due to the lack of multicenter,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled clinical studies,true effect of this treatment remains controversial.Objective of the study:This design of the study is to explore the safety and neuro-restorativeeffects of intramedullary decompression for acute complete spinal cord contusion injury.Design of the study:We design the prospective,multicenter,randomized,double-blind placebo-controlled trial(MRDPT)for acute(less than 24 hours after injury)spinal cord contusion injury.Sixty patients with acute complete spinal cord contusion injury(20 in cervical 4 to thoracic 1,20 in thoracic 2 to thoracic 9,and 20 in thoracic 10 to lumbar vertebra 1)are selected according to the selected conditions.All patients receive conventional treatments such as reduction and fixation of spinal fractures and/or spinal spondylolisthesis,bone external decompression relieves spinal cord compression.At the same time,group A(n=30,10 of each segment group)undergoes intramedullary decompression surgery and group B(n=30)does not undergo intramedullary decompression.All relevant functional changes before,after,and during the follow-up period are recorded to ensure objective evaluation of the results of the treatment.Ethics and dissemination:The clinical study protocol and consent form were approved by China Branch of International Association of Neurorestoratology and the ethics committees of the hospitals which join this trial.Registration No.of this study is ChiCTR1800020458.Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals.
文摘Objective:To introduce a novel intradural microsurgery method for acute spinal cord injury,while evaluating the safety and effect.Methods:87 patients with complete spinal cord injury were enrolled and treated with the novel intradural microsurgery within 48 h,in addition to traditional surgical interventions(internal fixation,laminectomy).Results:Complications including massive hemorrhage,infection and impairment aggravation did not occur during and after surgery.There were 16 cases of B grade,13 cases of C grade,6 cases of D grade base on the ASIA impairment scale 3 months after surgery,and average 18.51 increase in motor score,16.64 increase in light touch score,17.12 increase in pin prick score were achieved.Conclusions:Early intradural microsurgery is safe,causing no neurological function lost and no major adverse event,and it is associated with neurologic improvement in patients with severe spinal cord injury.
文摘Osmotic power generation in biomimetic nanofluidic systems has attracted considerable research interest owing to the enhanced performance and long-term stability. Towards practical applications, when extrapolating the materials from single-nanopore to multi-pore membranes, conventional viewpoint suggests that, to gain high electric power density, the porosity should be as high as possible. However, recent experimental observations show that the commonly-used linear amplification method largely overestimates the actual performance, particularly at high pore density. Herein, we provide a theoretical investigation to understand the reason. We find a counterintuitive pore-density dependence in high porosity nanofluidic systems that, once the pore density approaches more than lx109 pores/cm2, the overall output electric power goes down with the increasing pore density. The excessively high pore density impairs the charge selectivity and induces strong ion concentration polarization, which undermines the osmotic power generation process. By optimizing the geometric size of the nanopores, the performance degradation can be effectively relieved. These findings clarify the origin of the unsatisfactory performance of the current osmotic nanofluidic power sources, and provide insights to further optimize the device.
基金This work was financially funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22205247 and 21988102).
文摘In recent years,numerous studies have been reported for oil/water separation,such as superoleophilic materials for oil absorption and underwater superoleophobic membranes for continuous separation.However,for the recovery of oil slick pollution on near-shore ocean surface caused by various reasons,large area and fast availability of used materials are needed to be considered.Herein,we report an efficient and environmentally friendly method to fast process nylon mesh by surface diffuse atmospheric plasma(SDAP)for large-area oil/water separation.Nylon mesh is funcionalized by atmospheric plasma to generate micro/nano composite structures on the surface,resulting in superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity within only seconds.The pre-wetted modified nylon mesh can achieve high efficiency(>99.9%)and circulating water flux(~30,000 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)),with high intrusion pressure(~3 kPa)and universality in oil/water separation.Regular plasma unconditionally generated in the atmosphere with the merit of efficiently functionalizing surface has the potential of large-area materials treatment.This study might take one step further for large-area industrial oily wastewater recovery and even oil slicks collection in near-shore water bodies.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51603211)the 111 Project(No.B14009).
文摘Biology systems harvest solar energy to regulate ions and molecules precisely across cell membrane that is essential to maintain their life sustainability.Recently,artificial light-driven directional ion transport through graphene oxide membranes has been established,where the membrane converts light power into a transmembrane motive force.Herein,we report a silver nanoparticles decorated graphene oxide membranes for enhanced photo-driven ionic transport.Asymmetric light stimulated charge carrier dynamics,such as advanced light absorption efficiency,extended lifetime and efficient separation of photo-excited charge carriers,are account for the ion-driven force enhancement.Based on metal nanoparticles decoration,the concept of the vip-interactions of plasmon-enhanced photo-driven ion transport in two-dimentional layered membranes will stimulate broad researches in sensing,energy storage and conversion and water treatment.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China grants 32302374,31772247,32372483,and 32370210 to X.C.,H.D.,M.-X.Z.and S.Z.respectively,as well as by Biological Breeding-Major Projects 2023ZD04074 to H.Z+2 种基金Yunnan Seed Laboratory Key Project grant 202205AR070001 to Z.CDouble First Class Discipline Construction Fund of Shandong Agricultural University to H.Dthe Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province grants ZR2023QC118,ZR2020MC113,ZR2020MC120,and ZR2020QC126 to X.C.,L.C.,S.Z.,and L.Z.,respectively.
文摘Plant proteins that belong to the nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related(NPR)gene family are paralogous receptors ofthe plantdefense hormone salicylic acidandessential regulators of hormone-dependent plant immunity against diseases caused by various pathogens.Previous studies have established NPR1 and NPR3 as a transcriptional activator and a transcriptional repressor,respectively,of defense-gene expres-sion to promote and inhibit broad-spectrum resistance against different strains of pathogens.However,the regulatory mechanism that underlies the opposing roles of NPR1 and NPR3 in defense-gene activation re-mains unclear.Here,we report that a rice transcript splicing factor,Oryza sativa RNA-binding protein 11(OsRBP11),promotes alternative splicing of OsNPR3 to modulate the defense function of OsNPR1 in rice plants infected by Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars,which are important bacterial pathogens of rice.We discovered that 11 transcription activator-like effectors identified in representative bacterial strains acti-vate OsRBP11 expression.The OsRBP11 protein,in turn,facilitates alternative splicing of the OsNPR3 mRNA precursor,leading to the production of truncated OsNPR3 protein variants.The OsNPR3 variants exacerbate bacterial diseases by sequestering OsNPR1 from defense-gene activation.By contrast,both artificial andnatural variations inOsRBP11preventthe alternative splicing of OsNPR3,restore thedefense function of OsNPR1,and enhance rice resistance to different bacterial strains.These findings not only reveal a novel regulatory pathway exploited by bacterial pathogens to facilitate their pathogenicity and subvert plant defense but also provide a genetic basis for biotechnological strategies aimed at developing broad-spectrum resistance in crops.
