The void defect in intermetallic compounds(IMCs)layer at the joints caused by inhomogeneous atomic diffusion is one of the most important factors limiting the further development of Sn-based solders.In this work,the t...The void defect in intermetallic compounds(IMCs)layer at the joints caused by inhomogeneous atomic diffusion is one of the most important factors limiting the further development of Sn-based solders.In this work,the thermodynamic stability of IMCs(high-temperatureη-Cu_(6)Sn_(5)and o-Cu_(3)Sn phases)was improved by adding small amounts of indium(In),and the IMCs layers with moderate thickness,low defect concentrations and stable interface bonding were successfully obtained.The formation order of compounds and the interfacial orientation relationships in IMCs layers,the atomic diffusion mechanism,and the growth tuning mechanism of In onη-Cu_(6)Sn_(5)and Cu_(3)Sn,after In adding,were discussed com-prehensively by combining calculations and experiments.It is the first time that the classic heteroge-neous nucleation theory and CALPHAD data were used to obtain the critical nucleus radius ofη-Cu_(6)Sn_(5)and Cu_(3)Sn,and to explain in detail the main factors affecting the formation order and location of IMCs at joints during the welding process.A novel and systematic growth model about IMCs layers in the case of doping with alloying elements was proposed.The growth tuning mechanism of In doping onη-Cu_(6)Sn_(5)and Cu_(3)Sn was further clarified based on the proposed model using first-principles calculations.The growth model used in this study can provide insights into the development and design of multiele-ment Sn-based solders.展开更多
This study describes the treatment of composting leachate by the combination of coagulation and nanofiltration process. Poly ferric sulfate （PSF） was used as coagulant, and the effect of pH value and PSF dosage on t...This study describes the treatment of composting leachate by the combination of coagulation and nanofiltration process. Poly ferric sulfate （PSF） was used as coagulant, and the effect of pH value and PSF dosage on the coagulation performance was investigated. The results indicated that the chemical oxidation demand （COD） and turbidity removal efficiency could reach to 62.8% and 75.3%, respectively at an optimum dosage of 1200 mg·L-1 at pH 6,0. During the nanofiltration process, the operation conditions such as temperature and pressure were optimized, 89.7% of COD, 78.2% of TOC, 72,5% of TN, 83,2% of TP, and 78,6% of NH3-N were retained when tested at 0.6 MPa at 25 ℃. The final leachate effluent concentration of COD, BODs, NH3-N, TOC, SS was 92 mg.L 1, 31 mg,L 1 21 mg.L 1, 73 mg·L-1 and 23 mg·L -1, respectively, which reached the local discharge standard. The combination of coagulation-filtration is useful for composting leachate treatment.展开更多
Non-melanoma skin cancer(NMSC) is one of the most common cancers in the US, although the role of obesity in skin cancer remains unclear. In vivo studies have consistently demonstrated that obese mice challenged with U...Non-melanoma skin cancer(NMSC) is one of the most common cancers in the US, although the role of obesity in skin cancer remains unclear. In vivo studies have consistently demonstrated that obese mice challenged with UVB radiation show increased skin tumorigenesis in comparison with leaner control mice. Growing evidence suggests that enhanced inflammation, oxidative stress and impaired apoptosis may play important roles in the development of skin cancer. Interventions such as voluntary exercise and the surgical removal of parametrial fat have been demonstrated to be effective in reducing adipose tissue that may influence the development of skin cancer; however, these interventions are not achievable in all obese patients. Therefore, the use of dietary natural phytochemicals that may modify and reverse the deregulated molecular and epigenetic events related to obesity and cancer development might represent a potential therapeutic modality due to their potential efficacy and low toxicity. In this review, we aim to provide the molecular and epigenetic basis of the NMSC-obesity relationship and to highlight the potential anti-cancer chemopreventive benefits of dietary phytochemicals such as sulforaphane and epigallocatechin-3-gallate.展开更多
基金supported by the Innovation Team Cultivation Project of Yunnan Province(No.202005AE160016)Key Research&Development Program of Yunnan Province(No.202103AA080017)Yunnan Ten Thousand Talents Plan Young&Elite Talents Project(No.YNWR-QNBJ-2018-044).
文摘The void defect in intermetallic compounds(IMCs)layer at the joints caused by inhomogeneous atomic diffusion is one of the most important factors limiting the further development of Sn-based solders.In this work,the thermodynamic stability of IMCs(high-temperatureη-Cu_(6)Sn_(5)and o-Cu_(3)Sn phases)was improved by adding small amounts of indium(In),and the IMCs layers with moderate thickness,low defect concentrations and stable interface bonding were successfully obtained.The formation order of compounds and the interfacial orientation relationships in IMCs layers,the atomic diffusion mechanism,and the growth tuning mechanism of In onη-Cu_(6)Sn_(5)and Cu_(3)Sn,after In adding,were discussed com-prehensively by combining calculations and experiments.It is the first time that the classic heteroge-neous nucleation theory and CALPHAD data were used to obtain the critical nucleus radius ofη-Cu_(6)Sn_(5)and Cu_(3)Sn,and to explain in detail the main factors affecting the formation order and location of IMCs at joints during the welding process.A novel and systematic growth model about IMCs layers in the case of doping with alloying elements was proposed.The growth tuning mechanism of In doping onη-Cu_(6)Sn_(5)and Cu_(3)Sn was further clarified based on the proposed model using first-principles calculations.The growth model used in this study can provide insights into the development and design of multiele-ment Sn-based solders.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ14B060001,Y14F030005)Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province of China(2013C33019,2015C33232)Science and Technology Project of Lishui City(2015RC23)
文摘This study describes the treatment of composting leachate by the combination of coagulation and nanofiltration process. Poly ferric sulfate （PSF） was used as coagulant, and the effect of pH value and PSF dosage on the coagulation performance was investigated. The results indicated that the chemical oxidation demand （COD） and turbidity removal efficiency could reach to 62.8% and 75.3%, respectively at an optimum dosage of 1200 mg·L-1 at pH 6,0. During the nanofiltration process, the operation conditions such as temperature and pressure were optimized, 89.7% of COD, 78.2% of TOC, 72,5% of TN, 83,2% of TP, and 78,6% of NH3-N were retained when tested at 0.6 MPa at 25 ℃. The final leachate effluent concentration of COD, BODs, NH3-N, TOC, SS was 92 mg.L 1, 31 mg,L 1 21 mg.L 1, 73 mg·L-1 and 23 mg·L -1, respectively, which reached the local discharge standard. The combination of coagulation-filtration is useful for composting leachate treatment.
基金Institutional funds,R01-CA118947 and R01-CA152826 from the National Cancer Institute(NCI)R01AT007065 from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicines(NCCAM)and the Office of Dietary Supplements(ODS)
文摘Non-melanoma skin cancer(NMSC) is one of the most common cancers in the US, although the role of obesity in skin cancer remains unclear. In vivo studies have consistently demonstrated that obese mice challenged with UVB radiation show increased skin tumorigenesis in comparison with leaner control mice. Growing evidence suggests that enhanced inflammation, oxidative stress and impaired apoptosis may play important roles in the development of skin cancer. Interventions such as voluntary exercise and the surgical removal of parametrial fat have been demonstrated to be effective in reducing adipose tissue that may influence the development of skin cancer; however, these interventions are not achievable in all obese patients. Therefore, the use of dietary natural phytochemicals that may modify and reverse the deregulated molecular and epigenetic events related to obesity and cancer development might represent a potential therapeutic modality due to their potential efficacy and low toxicity. In this review, we aim to provide the molecular and epigenetic basis of the NMSC-obesity relationship and to highlight the potential anti-cancer chemopreventive benefits of dietary phytochemicals such as sulforaphane and epigallocatechin-3-gallate.
