As an important pattern recognition receptor(PRR)in the innate immune system,C-type lectin plays an important role in the innate immune process of invertebrates.Two C-type lectins Sp CTL-C and Sp CTL-D were characteri...As an important pattern recognition receptor(PRR)in the innate immune system,C-type lectin plays an important role in the innate immune process of invertebrates.Two C-type lectins Sp CTL-C and Sp CTL-D were characterized from mud crab(Scylla paramamosain).The predicted Sp CTL-C and Sp CTL-D proteins both contain a single carbohydrate-recognition domain(CRD)with key motif Gln-Pro-Ala(QPA)and Met-Pro-Ala(MPA),respectively.Sp CTL-C and Sp CTL-D transcripts distributed in all examined tissues,and the expression level was the highest in hepatopancreas.As PRR,the purifi ed recombinant proteins r Sp CTL-C and r Sp CTL-D have high affi nity for three kinds of pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs):β-glucan,lipopolysaccharide,and peptidoglycan.Besides,r Sp CTL-D can bind to all nine microorganisms tested,while r Sp CTL-C can bind to seven microorganisms except for Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus.Both r Sp CTL-C and r Sp CTL-D showed agglutination activity towards fungi Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.However,r Sp CTL-C and r Sp CTL-D exhibited diff erent antimicrobial activities:r Sp CTL-D has a certain inhibitory eff ect on the growth of Vibrio fl uvialis and M.luteus,while r Sp CTL-C has no obvious inhibitory activity.The results show that r Sp CTL-C and r Sp CTL-D had better phagocytosis-promoting eff ect on M.luteus than the negative control.Meanwhile,both r Sp CTL-C and r Sp CTL-D had certain encapsulation-promoting activity.Collectively,two C-type lectins with novel key motifs make an important impact as PRR in immune response towards pathogens.At the same time,they play diff erent functions in the innate immunity of mud crab S.paramamosain.展开更多
As a layered two-dimensional material,MoSe_(2)exhibits interlayer-tunable properties and exceptional theoretical capacities,making it a promising candidate for sodium/potassium ion storage systems.Nevertheless,its ina...As a layered two-dimensional material,MoSe_(2)exhibits interlayer-tunable properties and exceptional theoretical capacities,making it a promising candidate for sodium/potassium ion storage systems.Nevertheless,its inadequate conductivity and irreversible reactions during charge and discharge seriously affect its electrochemical performance.Herein,a hierarchical interlayer-expanded MoSe_(2)/C(IE-MoSe_(2)/C)hybrid architecture with interlinked hollow nanospheres is engineered via a two-stage fabrication process combining hydrothermal self-assembly and controlled pyrolysis.The interlayer spacing increases to 1.02 nm,which accelerates the transport of sodium and potassium ions.Additionally,the strong interface between carbon and MoSe_(2)improves the conductivity,thereby enhancing the electrochemical kinetics of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).On the other hand,the unique hierarchical IE-MoSe_(2)/C structure with hollow nanospheres can effectively mitigate variations in volume during cycling.Thus,IE-MoSe_(2)/C exhibits outstanding electrochemical characteristics as an anode material for SIBs and PIBs.Specifically,IE-MoSe_(2)/C exhibits better rate capability(98 mAh g^(−1)at 20 A g^(−1)in SIBs)and cycling performance(269/174 mAh g^(−1)at 2.0/5.0 A g^(−1)over 1100 cycles in SIBs and 133/96 mAh g^(−1)at 1.0/2.0 A g^(−1)over 1000 cycles for PIBs).Additionally,at 0.5C,the full cell of IE-MoSe_(2)/C||Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)can display a consistent capacity of 93 mAh g^(−1),demonstrating the potential for future practical applications.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31702375)the Fundamental Research Funds of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(No.2019Q047)。
文摘As an important pattern recognition receptor(PRR)in the innate immune system,C-type lectin plays an important role in the innate immune process of invertebrates.Two C-type lectins Sp CTL-C and Sp CTL-D were characterized from mud crab(Scylla paramamosain).The predicted Sp CTL-C and Sp CTL-D proteins both contain a single carbohydrate-recognition domain(CRD)with key motif Gln-Pro-Ala(QPA)and Met-Pro-Ala(MPA),respectively.Sp CTL-C and Sp CTL-D transcripts distributed in all examined tissues,and the expression level was the highest in hepatopancreas.As PRR,the purifi ed recombinant proteins r Sp CTL-C and r Sp CTL-D have high affi nity for three kinds of pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs):β-glucan,lipopolysaccharide,and peptidoglycan.Besides,r Sp CTL-D can bind to all nine microorganisms tested,while r Sp CTL-C can bind to seven microorganisms except for Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus.Both r Sp CTL-C and r Sp CTL-D showed agglutination activity towards fungi Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.However,r Sp CTL-C and r Sp CTL-D exhibited diff erent antimicrobial activities:r Sp CTL-D has a certain inhibitory eff ect on the growth of Vibrio fl uvialis and M.luteus,while r Sp CTL-C has no obvious inhibitory activity.The results show that r Sp CTL-C and r Sp CTL-D had better phagocytosis-promoting eff ect on M.luteus than the negative control.Meanwhile,both r Sp CTL-C and r Sp CTL-D had certain encapsulation-promoting activity.Collectively,two C-type lectins with novel key motifs make an important impact as PRR in immune response towards pathogens.At the same time,they play diff erent functions in the innate immunity of mud crab S.paramamosain.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52271208 and 51972092)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.JZ2024HGTG0305).
文摘As a layered two-dimensional material,MoSe_(2)exhibits interlayer-tunable properties and exceptional theoretical capacities,making it a promising candidate for sodium/potassium ion storage systems.Nevertheless,its inadequate conductivity and irreversible reactions during charge and discharge seriously affect its electrochemical performance.Herein,a hierarchical interlayer-expanded MoSe_(2)/C(IE-MoSe_(2)/C)hybrid architecture with interlinked hollow nanospheres is engineered via a two-stage fabrication process combining hydrothermal self-assembly and controlled pyrolysis.The interlayer spacing increases to 1.02 nm,which accelerates the transport of sodium and potassium ions.Additionally,the strong interface between carbon and MoSe_(2)improves the conductivity,thereby enhancing the electrochemical kinetics of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)and potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).On the other hand,the unique hierarchical IE-MoSe_(2)/C structure with hollow nanospheres can effectively mitigate variations in volume during cycling.Thus,IE-MoSe_(2)/C exhibits outstanding electrochemical characteristics as an anode material for SIBs and PIBs.Specifically,IE-MoSe_(2)/C exhibits better rate capability(98 mAh g^(−1)at 20 A g^(−1)in SIBs)and cycling performance(269/174 mAh g^(−1)at 2.0/5.0 A g^(−1)over 1100 cycles in SIBs and 133/96 mAh g^(−1)at 1.0/2.0 A g^(−1)over 1000 cycles for PIBs).Additionally,at 0.5C,the full cell of IE-MoSe_(2)/C||Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)can display a consistent capacity of 93 mAh g^(−1),demonstrating the potential for future practical applications.
