The rapid development of 5G communication technology and smart electronic and electrical equipment will inevitably lead to electromagnetic radiation pollution.Enriching heterointerface polarization relaxation through ...The rapid development of 5G communication technology and smart electronic and electrical equipment will inevitably lead to electromagnetic radiation pollution.Enriching heterointerface polarization relaxation through nanostructure design and interface modifica-tion has proven to be an effective strategy to obtain efficient electromagnetic wave absorption.Here,this work implements an innovative method that combines biomimetic honeycomb superstructure to constrain hierarchical porous heterostructure composed of Co/CoO nano-particles to improve the interfacial polarization intensity.The method effectively controlled the absorption efficiency of Co^(2+)through de-lignification modification of bamboo,and combined with the bionic carbon-based natural hierarchical porous structure to achieve uniform dispersion of nanoparticles,which is conducive to the in-depth construction of heterogeneous interfaces.In addition,the multiphase struc-ture brought about by high-temperature pyrolysis provides the best dielectric loss and impedance matching for the material.Therefore,the obtained bamboo-based Co/CoO multiphase composite showed excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance,achieving excel-lent reflection loss(RL)of-79 dB and effective absorption band width of 4.12 GHz(6.84-10.96 GHz)at low load of 15wt%.Among them,the material’s optimal radar cross-section(RCS)reduction value can reach 31.9 dB·m^(2).This work provides a new approach to the micro-control and comprehensive optimization of macro-design of microwave absorbers,and offers new ideas for the high-value utiliza-tion of biomass materials.展开更多
Rapid and sensitive detection of targeted biomarkers in trace samples is of great significance for early in vitro diagnosis of diseases.Microfluidic technology has competitive advantages in this field due to its low c...Rapid and sensitive detection of targeted biomarkers in trace samples is of great significance for early in vitro diagnosis of diseases.Microfluidic technology has competitive advantages in this field due to its low cost,high efficiency,and high portability;however,the analysis of results tends to rely on bulky and sophisticated instruments,and this limits its applications.In this work,we developed a Raspberry Pi camera-based biomarker detection device based on microfluidic technology and digital image colorimetry.For highly sensitive biomarker detection on microfluidic chips,we propose a three-step signal-amplification colorimetric detection strategy consisting of:(1)the release of Ag^(+)ions from silver nanoparticles,(2)Ag^(+)-inhibited urea hydrolysis colorimetry,and(3)microscopic lens magnification.For efficient evaluation of results,we employed an RGB image-processing system to quantitatively analyze color images captured by the Raspberry Pi camera.Further,we tested the functionality of the device with procalcitonin(PCT)in phosphate-buffered saline,plasma,and serum to simulate clinical situations.We determined the limit of detection as 1 ng/ml,and a good linear relationship was established between PCT concentration and color intensity within the detection range 1–10 ng/ml.Importantly,only a relatively short detection time(40 min)was required in all three environments.The results demonstrate the great potential of this device for biomarker detection and facilitating biomedical research.展开更多
Active matter is a non-equilibrium condensed system consisting of self-propelled particles capable of converting stored or ambient energy into collective motion.Typical active matter systems include cytoskeleton biopo...Active matter is a non-equilibrium condensed system consisting of self-propelled particles capable of converting stored or ambient energy into collective motion.Typical active matter systems include cytoskeleton biopolymers,swimming bacteria,artificial swimmers,and animal herds.In contrast to wet active matter,dry active matter is an active system characterized by the absence of significant hydrodynamic interactions and conserved momentum.In dry active matter,the role of surrounding fluids is providing viscous friction at low Reynolds numbers and can be neglected at high Reynolds numbers.This review offers a comprehensive overview of recent experimental,computational,and theoretical advances in understanding phase transitions and critical phenomena in dry aligning active matter,including polar particles,self-propelled rods,active nematics,and their chiral counterparts.Various ways of determining phase transition points as well as non-equilibrium phenomena,such as collective motion,cluster formation,and creation and annihilation of topological defects are reviewed.展开更多
Recently,heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate(PMS) to oxidatively degrade organic pollutants has been a hotspot.In the present work,copper ferrite-graphite oxide hybrid(CuFe2 O4@GO)was prepared and used as ca...Recently,heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate(PMS) to oxidatively degrade organic pollutants has been a hotspot.In the present work,copper ferrite-graphite oxide hybrid(CuFe2 O4@GO)was prepared and used as catalyst to activate PMS for degradation of methylene blue(MB) in aqueous solution.A high degradation efficiency(93.3%) was achieved at the experimental conditions of20 mg/L MB,200 mg/L CuFe2 O4@GO,0.8 mmol/L PMS,and 25℃temperature.Moreover,CuFe2 O4@GO showed an excellent reusability and stability.The effects of various operational parameters including pollutant type,solution pH,catalyst dosage,PMS dosage,pollutant concentration,temperature,natural organic matter(NOM),and inorganic anions on the catalytic degradation process were comprehensively investigated and elucidated.The further mechanistic study revealed the Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ) redox couple on CuFe2 O4@GO played the dominant role in PMS activation,where both hydroxyl and sulfate radicals were generated and proceeded the degradation of pollutants.In general,CuFe2 O4@GO is a promising heterocatalyst for PMS-based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) in wastewater treatment.展开更多
The stability of an inner dump slope was investigated under the efect of coal pillar support considering the development position of dumping.Based on the instability mechanism and load distribution characteristics of ...The stability of an inner dump slope was investigated under the efect of coal pillar support considering the development position of dumping.Based on the instability mechanism and load distribution characteristics of the supporting coal pillar,the three-dimensional mechanical efects of the supporting coal pillar are characterized.Using the two-dimensional equivalent principle and the residual thrust method,the stability of the inner dump slope was analyzed under the efect of pillar support at diferent dump development positions.The quantitative efects of various factors on the inner dump slope stability were revealed,and the coal pillar shape parameters were optimized through numerical simulations.The results indicate that the slope stability coefcient is linearly related to the top width and height of the coal pillar,slope angle,and base inclination angle,and has an exponential relation with the coal pillar strike length and slope height increment.There are quadratic and absolute value relations with the coal pillar outer and the inner bottom angle,respectively.The top width of the coal pillar in the inner dump of Shengli East No.2 open-pit coal mine should be at a level of+824 m,and the optimal top width and height are 15 and 36.7 m,respectively.The instability mechanism of the supporting and retaining coal pillar obtained by numerical simulations and the stability of the inner dump are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.Our results provide a theoretical basis for the design,treatment,and safe implementation of similar open-pit mine slope engineering.展开更多
To investigate the influence of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, the present study observed mitochondrial morphology in cortical neurons isolated from adult rats u...To investigate the influence of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, the present study observed mitochondrial morphology in cortical neurons isolated from adult rats using transmission electron microscopy, and confirmed the morphology and activity of isolated mitochondria by detecting succinic dehydrogenase and monoamine oxidase, two mitochondrial enzymes. Isolated mitochondria were treated with either ruthenium red, an inhibitor of the uniporter, spermine, an activator of the uniporter, or in combination with cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Results showed that ruthenium red inhibited CaCl2-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, spermine enhanced opening, and cyclosporin A attenuated the effects of spermine. Results demonstrated that the mitochondrial calcium uniporter plays a role in regulating the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in mitochondria isolated from the rat brain cortex.展开更多
BACKGROUND Current therapeutic techniques for pancreatic pseudocyst include surgical management with a laparoscopic approach or an open surgical procedure,percutaneous catheter drainage and endoscopic drainage.Yet it ...BACKGROUND Current therapeutic techniques for pancreatic pseudocyst include surgical management with a laparoscopic approach or an open surgical procedure,percutaneous catheter drainage and endoscopic drainage.Yet it remains controversial whether different treatment approaches affect inpatient outcome.AIM To investigate inpatient outcome of different treatment approaches in treating pancreatic pseudocyst.METHODS Here we conducted a retrospective analysis of pancreatic pseudocyst-associated hospitalizations using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample.International Classification of Diseases 10 clinical modification and procedure codes are used.RESULTS A total of 7060 patients meeting the above criteria were identified.Our study revealed laparoscopic approach associated with the lowest rate of red blood cell transfusion(P<0.001),and it had lower short-term complications including acute renal failure(P=0.01),urinary tract infection(P=0.01),sepsis(P<0.001)and acute respiratory failure(P=0.01).Laparoscopic surgical approach associated with the shortest mean length of stay(P=0.009),and it had the lowest total charge(P=0.03).All three modalities have similar inpatient mortality(P=0.28).The study also revealed that percutaneous drainage associated with more emergent admission(P<0.001),rural hospital performs the most open surgical drainage(P<0.001)and patients who received laparoscopic drainage are more likely to be discharged home(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Laparoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts associated with the least shortterm complications and had better outcomes comparing to percutaneous and open surgical drainage from 2016 National Inpatient Sample database.展开更多
The stability of open-pit mine slopes is crucial for safe and efficient mining operations.However,the presence of weak interlayers poses significant challenges in maintaining the stability of slopes.To explore the imp...The stability of open-pit mine slopes is crucial for safe and efficient mining operations.However,the presence of weak interlayers poses significant challenges in maintaining the stability of slopes.To explore the impact of the rock arching effect on slopes during excavation,understand the deformation zones and evaluation stages in such environments,and analyze the formation and characteristics of cracks,this study investigated the instability mechanism of open-pit mine slopes with weak interlayers through physical and numerical modeling.Focusing on the Zaharnur open-pit coal mine in China as a prototype,a sophisticated physical model test employing particle image velocimetry and Brillouin optical frequency domain analysis was conducted to comprehensively analyze the displacement and strain variation characteristics of open-pit mine slopes.The displacement,strain,stress redistribution,and failure processes of slopes under excavation were comprehensively analyzed through physical and numerical modeling.The results showed that the slope model exhibited a strain pattern in which the strain incrementally increased from its center toward the edges,and the landslide thrust was converted into an internal force along the arch axis and transmitted to the supports.The concept of the rock arching effect specific to soft rocks was proposed,shedding new light on an important phenomenon specific to open-pit slopes with weak interlayers.Based on its deformation characteristics,the slope could be divided into three areas:The excavation influence area,the crack area and the failure area.In addition,the ratios of the height and width of the outermost cracks to the excavation width fluctuated in the ranges of 0.36–0.49 and0.72–1.00,respectively.These findings contribute to a better understanding of the instability mechanisms in open-pit mine slopes with weak interlayers and provide valuable guidelines for safe mining practices.展开更多
SAM pointed domain containing E26 transformation-specific transcription factor(SPDEF)plays dual roles in the initiation and development of human malignancies.However,the biological role of SPDEF in head and neck squam...SAM pointed domain containing E26 transformation-specific transcription factor(SPDEF)plays dual roles in the initiation and development of human malignancies.However,the biological role of SPDEF in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)remains unclear.In this study,the expression level of SPDEF and its correlation with the clinical parameters of patients with HNSCC were determined using TCGA-HNSC,GSE65858,and our own clinical cohorts.CCK8,colony formation,cell cycle analysis,and a xenograft tumor growth model were used to determine the molecular functions of SPDEF in HNSCC.ChIP-qPCR,dual luciferase reporter assay,and rescue experiments were conducted to explore the potential molecular mechanism of SPDEF in HNSCC.Compared with normal epithelial tissues,SPDEF was significantly downregulated in HNSCC tissues.Patients with HNSCC with low SPDEF mRNA levels exhibited poor clinical outcomes.Restoring SPDEF inhibited HNSCC cell viability and colony formation and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest,while silencing SPDEF promoted cell proliferation in vitro.The xenograft tumor growth model showed that tumors with SPDEF overexpression had slower growth rates,smaller volumes,and lower weights.SPDEF could directly bind to the promoter region of NR4A1 and promoted its transcription,inducing the suppression of AKT,MAPK,and NF-κB signaling pathways.Moreover,silencing NR4A1 blocked the suppressive effect of SPDEF in HNSCC cells.Here,we demonstrate that SPDEF acts as a tumor suppressor by transcriptionally activating NR4A1 in HNSCC.Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of SPDEF in tumorigenesis and a novel potential therapeutic target for HNSCC.展开更多
A breeding strategy for widening the germplasm of Brassica napus was proposed by introgression of the A^r subgenome of B.rapa(A^rA^r)and C^c of B.carinata(B^cB^cC^cC^c)into natural B.napus(AnAncncn).The progenies with...A breeding strategy for widening the germplasm of Brassica napus was proposed by introgression of the A^r subgenome of B.rapa(A^rA^r)and C^c of B.carinata(B^cB^cC^cC^c)into natural B.napus(AnAncncn).The progenies with 38 chromosomes that were derived from the self-pollinated seeds of pentaploid hybrids(A^rA^nB^cC^cC^n)were used for further research.Some of the partial new-typed B.napus showed normal meiotic behavior,high portion of germinated pollen and normal embryological development.This indicates that the selected new-typed B.napus had a balanced genetic base.Molecular analysis showed that about 50%of the genome in the new-typed B.napus was replaced by A^r and C^c subgenome from B.rapa and B.carinata.Considering the genetic diversity among different lines of new-typed B.napus,it was deduced that the introgression of the genomic components from B,rapa and B.carinata could widen the genetic diversity of rapeseed.展开更多
A rat model of spinal cord injury was established using modified Allen＇s method and treated with the ferric iron-chelating agent, deferoxamine. Hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl and Perl＇s Prussian blue staining, at 7 14 day...A rat model of spinal cord injury was established using modified Allen＇s method and treated with the ferric iron-chelating agent, deferoxamine. Hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl and Perl＇s Prussian blue staining, at 7 14 days following spinal cord injury, showed that following deferoxamine treatment, glial cells proliferation increased significantly, nerve cell morphology was improved and hemosiderin was significantly reduced in the injury region. At 1 56 days following injury, Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan Locomotor Rating Scale scores were increased, while latencies of somatosensory-evoked potentials and motor-evoked potentials were decreased. Results demonstrate that deferoxamine can promote neurological functional recovery after experimental spinal cord injury in rats.展开更多
In this study, a T-maze-based frustration model in rats was established using sucrose-reward deprivation, The results revealed that rats maintained a 75% preference for the sucrose-reward arm in the reward phase. Duri...In this study, a T-maze-based frustration model in rats was established using sucrose-reward deprivation, The results revealed that rats maintained a 75% preference for the sucrose-reward arm in the reward phase. During the sucrose-deprivation frustration phase, both the preference for the sucrose-deprivation arm （62.5%） and time spent waiting in the sucrose-deprivation arm decreased. Acute injection of morphine increased the preference in a dose-dependent fashion, and prolonged the waiting duration in the sucrose-deprivation arm. These findings indicate that morphine specifically inhibited the frustration response induced by sucrose reward deprivation. To further elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms involved, the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone was given to model rats prior to the injection of morphine. The results revealed that naloxone administration markedly attenuated the anti-frustration-like effects of 3 mg/kg morphine treatment. These findings suggest that morphine attenuates the frustration-like response to reward deprivation in rats through the opioid receptor.展开更多
The Poisson–Boltzmann(PB)theory is one of the most important theoretical models describing charged systems continuously.However,it suffers from neglecting ion correlations,which hinders its applicability to more gene...The Poisson–Boltzmann(PB)theory is one of the most important theoretical models describing charged systems continuously.However,it suffers from neglecting ion correlations,which hinders its applicability to more general charged systems other than extremely dilute ones.Therefore,some modified versions of the PB theory are developed to effectively include ion correlations.Focused on their applications to ionic solutions,the original PB theory and its variances,including the field-theoretic approach,the correlation-enhanced PB model,the Outhwaite–Bhuiyan modified PB theory and the mean field theories,are briefly reviewed in this paper with the diagnosis of their advantages and limitations.展开更多
Ionic liquids(ILs),also known as room-temperature molten salts,are solely composed of ions with melting points usually below 100℃.Because of their low volatility and vast amounts of species,ILs can serve as’green so...Ionic liquids(ILs),also known as room-temperature molten salts,are solely composed of ions with melting points usually below 100℃.Because of their low volatility and vast amounts of species,ILs can serve as’green solvents’and’designer solvents’to meet the requirements of various applications by fine-tuning their molecular structures.A good understanding of the phase behaviors of ILs is certainly fundamentally important in terms of their wide applications.This review intends to summarize the major conclusions so far drawn on phase behaviors of ILs by computational,theoretical,and experimental studies,illustrating the intrinsic relationship between their dual ionic and organic nature and the crystalline phases,nanoscale segregation liquid phase,IL crystal phases,as well as phase behaviors of their mixture with small organic molecules.展开更多
A classical particle system coupled with a thermostat driven by an external constant force reaches its steady state when the ensemble-averaged drift velocity does not vary with time.In this work,the statistical mechan...A classical particle system coupled with a thermostat driven by an external constant force reaches its steady state when the ensemble-averaged drift velocity does not vary with time.In this work,the statistical mechanics of such a system is derived solely based on the equiprobability and ergodicity principles,free from any conclusions drawn on equilibrium statistical mechanics or local equilibrium hypothesis.The momentum space distribution is determined by a random walk argument,and the position space distribution is determined by employing the equiprobability and ergodicity principles.The expressions for energy,entropy,free energy,and pressures are then deduced,and the relation among external force,drift velocity,and temperature is also established.Moreover,the relaxation towards its equilibrium is found to be an exponentially decaying process obeying the minimum entropy production theorem.展开更多
The folding of many small proteins is kinetically a two-state process with one major free-energy barrier to overcome,which can be roughly regarded as the inverse process of unfolding.In this work,we first use a Gaussi...The folding of many small proteins is kinetically a two-state process with one major free-energy barrier to overcome,which can be roughly regarded as the inverse process of unfolding.In this work,we first use a Gaussian network model to predict the folding nucleus corresponding to the major free-energy barrier of protein 2 GB1,and find that the folding nucleus is located in theβ-sheet domain.High-temperature molecular dynamics simulations are then used to investigate the unfolding process of 2 GB1.We draw free-energy surface from unfolding simulations,taking RMSD and contact number as reaction coordinates,which confirms that the folding of 2 GB1 is kinetically a two-state process.The comparison of the contact maps before and after the free energy barrier indicates that the transition from native to non-native structure of the protein is kinetically caused by the destruction of theβ-sheet domain,which manifests that the folding nucleus is indeed located in theβ-sheet domain.Moreover,the constrained MD simulation further confirms that the destruction of the secondary structures does not alter the topology of the protein retained by the folding nucleus.These results provide vital information for upcoming researchers to further understand protein folding in similar systems.展开更多
Walnuts are one of nature’s more waste-heavy products. 67% of the nut is shell and husk, low value by-products that are rich in phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds extracted from walnut shells are potentially ...Walnuts are one of nature’s more waste-heavy products. 67% of the nut is shell and husk, low value by-products that are rich in phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds extracted from walnut shells are potentially good natural sources of antioxidants for the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, phenolic compounds were extracted using an ultrasonic bath, an ultrasonic probe and a standard shaking method. The extraction yield achieved with an ultrasonic probe was 51.2 mg GAE/g DW, two times higher than both the shaking method and the ultrasonic bath method which were 20.6 mg GAE/g DW and 25.8 mg GAE/g DW, respectively. Phenolic extraction was further improved by a size reduction of the walnut shells. The best extraction yield of 52.8 mg GAE/g DW was attained when the particle size was between 45 - 100 mesh. The ultrasonic probe treatment is the best method for extraction of phenolic compounds from walnut shells. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging indicated that the ultrasonic probe treatment could better rupture the hard structure of the cells, increasing the penetration of solvents and thus the extraction yield.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to further enhance the disease resistance of summer-sown hybrid millet varieties and improve the quality of millet.[Methods]Zhangzagu No.24 was bred by Zhangjiakou Academy of Agric...[Objectives]This study was conducted to further enhance the disease resistance of summer-sown hybrid millet varieties and improve the quality of millet.[Methods]Zhangzagu No.24 was bred by Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences with sterile line A2 as the female parent and"5170"as the male parent.[Results]The growth period for summer sowing of Zhangzagu No.24 is 88 d.The seedlings are green and have green leaf sheaths.The plant height is 110 cm.The panicles are 26 cm in length,in a stick panicle type,and moderate in tightness.The single panicle weight is 15.3 g,and the grain weight per panicle is 12.9 g.The grain yield is 84.2%,and the milled rice rate is 78.2%.The 1000-grain weight is 3.11 g.Zhangzagu No.24 shows yellow grains and yellow rice.There is one or two tillers per plant.Zhangzagu No.24 is resistant to herbicide sethoxydim.It obtained the registration certificate for non-main crop varieties,registration number:GPD millet(2018)130194.[Conclusions]This study will contribute to the development of water-saving,high-efficiency and green industrialization of hybrid millet in summer sowing areas in China.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2023YFE0108300 and 2023YFD2202103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32371972)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BK20221336)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund,China(No.CX(23)3060)Jiangxi Forestry Bureau Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Special Project,China(No.202240).
文摘The rapid development of 5G communication technology and smart electronic and electrical equipment will inevitably lead to electromagnetic radiation pollution.Enriching heterointerface polarization relaxation through nanostructure design and interface modifica-tion has proven to be an effective strategy to obtain efficient electromagnetic wave absorption.Here,this work implements an innovative method that combines biomimetic honeycomb superstructure to constrain hierarchical porous heterostructure composed of Co/CoO nano-particles to improve the interfacial polarization intensity.The method effectively controlled the absorption efficiency of Co^(2+)through de-lignification modification of bamboo,and combined with the bionic carbon-based natural hierarchical porous structure to achieve uniform dispersion of nanoparticles,which is conducive to the in-depth construction of heterogeneous interfaces.In addition,the multiphase struc-ture brought about by high-temperature pyrolysis provides the best dielectric loss and impedance matching for the material.Therefore,the obtained bamboo-based Co/CoO multiphase composite showed excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance,achieving excel-lent reflection loss(RL)of-79 dB and effective absorption band width of 4.12 GHz(6.84-10.96 GHz)at low load of 15wt%.Among them,the material’s optimal radar cross-section(RCS)reduction value can reach 31.9 dB·m^(2).This work provides a new approach to the micro-control and comprehensive optimization of macro-design of microwave absorbers,and offers new ideas for the high-value utiliza-tion of biomass materials.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFA0915200 and 2023YFA0915204)Outstanding Young Scientist in Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2024YQ064)+4 种基金Shandong Province Science and Technology Small and Medium Enterprises Innovation Capacity Improvement Project(Grant No.2024TSGC008)Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Project(Grant Nos.2020CXGC011304 and 2022CXGC020206)Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.tsqn202408256)the Major Innovation Project for the Science Education Industry Integration Pilot Project of Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)(Grant No.2023JBZ03)Shanghai Science and Technology Development Funds(Grant No.23J21900100).
文摘Rapid and sensitive detection of targeted biomarkers in trace samples is of great significance for early in vitro diagnosis of diseases.Microfluidic technology has competitive advantages in this field due to its low cost,high efficiency,and high portability;however,the analysis of results tends to rely on bulky and sophisticated instruments,and this limits its applications.In this work,we developed a Raspberry Pi camera-based biomarker detection device based on microfluidic technology and digital image colorimetry.For highly sensitive biomarker detection on microfluidic chips,we propose a three-step signal-amplification colorimetric detection strategy consisting of:(1)the release of Ag^(+)ions from silver nanoparticles,(2)Ag^(+)-inhibited urea hydrolysis colorimetry,and(3)microscopic lens magnification.For efficient evaluation of results,we employed an RGB image-processing system to quantitatively analyze color images captured by the Raspberry Pi camera.Further,we tested the functionality of the device with procalcitonin(PCT)in phosphate-buffered saline,plasma,and serum to simulate clinical situations.We determined the limit of detection as 1 ng/ml,and a good linear relationship was established between PCT concentration and color intensity within the detection range 1–10 ng/ml.Importantly,only a relatively short detection time(40 min)was required in all three environments.The results demonstrate the great potential of this device for biomarker detection and facilitating biomedical research.
基金granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12047503)Wenzhou Institute,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.WIUCASQD2023009)。
文摘Active matter is a non-equilibrium condensed system consisting of self-propelled particles capable of converting stored or ambient energy into collective motion.Typical active matter systems include cytoskeleton biopolymers,swimming bacteria,artificial swimmers,and animal herds.In contrast to wet active matter,dry active matter is an active system characterized by the absence of significant hydrodynamic interactions and conserved momentum.In dry active matter,the role of surrounding fluids is providing viscous friction at low Reynolds numbers and can be neglected at high Reynolds numbers.This review offers a comprehensive overview of recent experimental,computational,and theoretical advances in understanding phase transitions and critical phenomena in dry aligning active matter,including polar particles,self-propelled rods,active nematics,and their chiral counterparts.Various ways of determining phase transition points as well as non-equilibrium phenomena,such as collective motion,cluster formation,and creation and annihilation of topological defects are reviewed.
基金the Collaborative Innovation Plan of Hubei Province for Key Technologies in the Eco-Ramie Industryfinancially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China (No.2018CFB515)the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41701541)
文摘Recently,heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate(PMS) to oxidatively degrade organic pollutants has been a hotspot.In the present work,copper ferrite-graphite oxide hybrid(CuFe2 O4@GO)was prepared and used as catalyst to activate PMS for degradation of methylene blue(MB) in aqueous solution.A high degradation efficiency(93.3%) was achieved at the experimental conditions of20 mg/L MB,200 mg/L CuFe2 O4@GO,0.8 mmol/L PMS,and 25℃temperature.Moreover,CuFe2 O4@GO showed an excellent reusability and stability.The effects of various operational parameters including pollutant type,solution pH,catalyst dosage,PMS dosage,pollutant concentration,temperature,natural organic matter(NOM),and inorganic anions on the catalytic degradation process were comprehensively investigated and elucidated.The further mechanistic study revealed the Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ) redox couple on CuFe2 O4@GO played the dominant role in PMS activation,where both hydroxyl and sulfate radicals were generated and proceeded the degradation of pollutants.In general,CuFe2 O4@GO is a promising heterocatalyst for PMS-based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) in wastewater treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51874160)Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program,and Discipline Innovation Team of Liaoning Technical University(LNTU20TD-01).
文摘The stability of an inner dump slope was investigated under the efect of coal pillar support considering the development position of dumping.Based on the instability mechanism and load distribution characteristics of the supporting coal pillar,the three-dimensional mechanical efects of the supporting coal pillar are characterized.Using the two-dimensional equivalent principle and the residual thrust method,the stability of the inner dump slope was analyzed under the efect of pillar support at diferent dump development positions.The quantitative efects of various factors on the inner dump slope stability were revealed,and the coal pillar shape parameters were optimized through numerical simulations.The results indicate that the slope stability coefcient is linearly related to the top width and height of the coal pillar,slope angle,and base inclination angle,and has an exponential relation with the coal pillar strike length and slope height increment.There are quadratic and absolute value relations with the coal pillar outer and the inner bottom angle,respectively.The top width of the coal pillar in the inner dump of Shengli East No.2 open-pit coal mine should be at a level of+824 m,and the optimal top width and height are 15 and 36.7 m,respectively.The instability mechanism of the supporting and retaining coal pillar obtained by numerical simulations and the stability of the inner dump are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.Our results provide a theoretical basis for the design,treatment,and safe implementation of similar open-pit mine slope engineering.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30972855/C160203Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province No. ZR2009CM062
文摘To investigate the influence of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, the present study observed mitochondrial morphology in cortical neurons isolated from adult rats using transmission electron microscopy, and confirmed the morphology and activity of isolated mitochondria by detecting succinic dehydrogenase and monoamine oxidase, two mitochondrial enzymes. Isolated mitochondria were treated with either ruthenium red, an inhibitor of the uniporter, spermine, an activator of the uniporter, or in combination with cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Results showed that ruthenium red inhibited CaCl2-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, spermine enhanced opening, and cyclosporin A attenuated the effects of spermine. Results demonstrated that the mitochondrial calcium uniporter plays a role in regulating the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in mitochondria isolated from the rat brain cortex.
文摘BACKGROUND Current therapeutic techniques for pancreatic pseudocyst include surgical management with a laparoscopic approach or an open surgical procedure,percutaneous catheter drainage and endoscopic drainage.Yet it remains controversial whether different treatment approaches affect inpatient outcome.AIM To investigate inpatient outcome of different treatment approaches in treating pancreatic pseudocyst.METHODS Here we conducted a retrospective analysis of pancreatic pseudocyst-associated hospitalizations using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample.International Classification of Diseases 10 clinical modification and procedure codes are used.RESULTS A total of 7060 patients meeting the above criteria were identified.Our study revealed laparoscopic approach associated with the lowest rate of red blood cell transfusion(P<0.001),and it had lower short-term complications including acute renal failure(P=0.01),urinary tract infection(P=0.01),sepsis(P<0.001)and acute respiratory failure(P=0.01).Laparoscopic surgical approach associated with the shortest mean length of stay(P=0.009),and it had the lowest total charge(P=0.03).All three modalities have similar inpatient mortality(P=0.28).The study also revealed that percutaneous drainage associated with more emergent admission(P<0.001),rural hospital performs the most open surgical drainage(P<0.001)and patients who received laparoscopic drainage are more likely to be discharged home(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Laparoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts associated with the least shortterm complications and had better outcomes comparing to percutaneous and open surgical drainage from 2016 National Inpatient Sample database.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52204135 and 52374124)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(No.2023QNRC001)+2 种基金Basic Research Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education,China(No.LJ222410147010)2022 China Liaoning International Science and Technology Cooperation Plan Project(No.2022JH2/10700004)Ordos Major Science and Technology Program,(No.JBGS-2023-003)。
文摘The stability of open-pit mine slopes is crucial for safe and efficient mining operations.However,the presence of weak interlayers poses significant challenges in maintaining the stability of slopes.To explore the impact of the rock arching effect on slopes during excavation,understand the deformation zones and evaluation stages in such environments,and analyze the formation and characteristics of cracks,this study investigated the instability mechanism of open-pit mine slopes with weak interlayers through physical and numerical modeling.Focusing on the Zaharnur open-pit coal mine in China as a prototype,a sophisticated physical model test employing particle image velocimetry and Brillouin optical frequency domain analysis was conducted to comprehensively analyze the displacement and strain variation characteristics of open-pit mine slopes.The displacement,strain,stress redistribution,and failure processes of slopes under excavation were comprehensively analyzed through physical and numerical modeling.The results showed that the slope model exhibited a strain pattern in which the strain incrementally increased from its center toward the edges,and the landslide thrust was converted into an internal force along the arch axis and transmitted to the supports.The concept of the rock arching effect specific to soft rocks was proposed,shedding new light on an important phenomenon specific to open-pit slopes with weak interlayers.Based on its deformation characteristics,the slope could be divided into three areas:The excavation influence area,the crack area and the failure area.In addition,the ratios of the height and width of the outermost cracks to the excavation width fluctuated in the ranges of 0.36–0.49 and0.72–1.00,respectively.These findings contribute to a better understanding of the instability mechanisms in open-pit mine slopes with weak interlayers and provide valuable guidelines for safe mining practices.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81870769,81702700)the Guangdong Financial Fund for High-Caliber Hospital Construction(174-2018-XMZC-0001-03-0125/D-05,174-2018-XMZC-0001-03-0125/C-08)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2019A1515010679)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(19ykpy83).
文摘SAM pointed domain containing E26 transformation-specific transcription factor(SPDEF)plays dual roles in the initiation and development of human malignancies.However,the biological role of SPDEF in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)remains unclear.In this study,the expression level of SPDEF and its correlation with the clinical parameters of patients with HNSCC were determined using TCGA-HNSC,GSE65858,and our own clinical cohorts.CCK8,colony formation,cell cycle analysis,and a xenograft tumor growth model were used to determine the molecular functions of SPDEF in HNSCC.ChIP-qPCR,dual luciferase reporter assay,and rescue experiments were conducted to explore the potential molecular mechanism of SPDEF in HNSCC.Compared with normal epithelial tissues,SPDEF was significantly downregulated in HNSCC tissues.Patients with HNSCC with low SPDEF mRNA levels exhibited poor clinical outcomes.Restoring SPDEF inhibited HNSCC cell viability and colony formation and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest,while silencing SPDEF promoted cell proliferation in vitro.The xenograft tumor growth model showed that tumors with SPDEF overexpression had slower growth rates,smaller volumes,and lower weights.SPDEF could directly bind to the promoter region of NR4A1 and promoted its transcription,inducing the suppression of AKT,MAPK,and NF-κB signaling pathways.Moreover,silencing NR4A1 blocked the suppressive effect of SPDEF in HNSCC cells.Here,we demonstrate that SPDEF acts as a tumor suppressor by transcriptionally activating NR4A1 in HNSCC.Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of SPDEF in tumorigenesis and a novel potential therapeutic target for HNSCC.
基金supported by High Project of Science and Technology in China(No.2001AA21110103)Doctoral Foundation of Education Department in China(No.20020504009).
文摘A breeding strategy for widening the germplasm of Brassica napus was proposed by introgression of the A^r subgenome of B.rapa(A^rA^r)and C^c of B.carinata(B^cB^cC^cC^c)into natural B.napus(AnAncncn).The progenies with 38 chromosomes that were derived from the self-pollinated seeds of pentaploid hybrids(A^rA^nB^cC^cC^n)were used for further research.Some of the partial new-typed B.napus showed normal meiotic behavior,high portion of germinated pollen and normal embryological development.This indicates that the selected new-typed B.napus had a balanced genetic base.Molecular analysis showed that about 50%of the genome in the new-typed B.napus was replaced by A^r and C^c subgenome from B.rapa and B.carinata.Considering the genetic diversity among different lines of new-typed B.napus,it was deduced that the introgression of the genomic components from B,rapa and B.carinata could widen the genetic diversity of rapeseed.
文摘A rat model of spinal cord injury was established using modified Allen＇s method and treated with the ferric iron-chelating agent, deferoxamine. Hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl and Perl＇s Prussian blue staining, at 7 14 days following spinal cord injury, showed that following deferoxamine treatment, glial cells proliferation increased significantly, nerve cell morphology was improved and hemosiderin was significantly reduced in the injury region. At 1 56 days following injury, Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan Locomotor Rating Scale scores were increased, while latencies of somatosensory-evoked potentials and motor-evoked potentials were decreased. Results demonstrate that deferoxamine can promote neurological functional recovery after experimental spinal cord injury in rats.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30870894the National Basic Research Program of China,No.2009CB522000National Key Technology R&D Program in the 12th Five-Year Plan of China,No.2011BAK04B08
文摘In this study, a T-maze-based frustration model in rats was established using sucrose-reward deprivation, The results revealed that rats maintained a 75% preference for the sucrose-reward arm in the reward phase. During the sucrose-deprivation frustration phase, both the preference for the sucrose-deprivation arm （62.5%） and time spent waiting in the sucrose-deprivation arm decreased. Acute injection of morphine increased the preference in a dose-dependent fashion, and prolonged the waiting duration in the sucrose-deprivation arm. These findings indicate that morphine specifically inhibited the frustration response induced by sucrose reward deprivation. To further elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms involved, the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone was given to model rats prior to the injection of morphine. The results revealed that naloxone administration markedly attenuated the anti-frustration-like effects of 3 mg/kg morphine treatment. These findings suggest that morphine attenuates the frustration-like response to reward deprivation in rats through the opioid receptor.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA17010504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11774357 and 11947302)the CAS Biophysics Interdisciplinary Innovation Team Project(No.2060299)。
文摘The Poisson–Boltzmann(PB)theory is one of the most important theoretical models describing charged systems continuously.However,it suffers from neglecting ion correlations,which hinders its applicability to more general charged systems other than extremely dilute ones.Therefore,some modified versions of the PB theory are developed to effectively include ion correlations.Focused on their applications to ionic solutions,the original PB theory and its variances,including the field-theoretic approach,the correlation-enhanced PB model,the Outhwaite–Bhuiyan modified PB theory and the mean field theories,are briefly reviewed in this paper with the diagnosis of their advantages and limitations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11774357,22011530390,12047503)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.QYZDJ-SSWSYS01)
文摘Ionic liquids(ILs),also known as room-temperature molten salts,are solely composed of ions with melting points usually below 100℃.Because of their low volatility and vast amounts of species,ILs can serve as’green solvents’and’designer solvents’to meet the requirements of various applications by fine-tuning their molecular structures.A good understanding of the phase behaviors of ILs is certainly fundamentally important in terms of their wide applications.This review intends to summarize the major conclusions so far drawn on phase behaviors of ILs by computational,theoretical,and experimental studies,illustrating the intrinsic relationship between their dual ionic and organic nature and the crystalline phases,nanoscale segregation liquid phase,IL crystal phases,as well as phase behaviors of their mixture with small organic molecules.
基金funded by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA17010504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11774357,11947302)。
文摘A classical particle system coupled with a thermostat driven by an external constant force reaches its steady state when the ensemble-averaged drift velocity does not vary with time.In this work,the statistical mechanics of such a system is derived solely based on the equiprobability and ergodicity principles,free from any conclusions drawn on equilibrium statistical mechanics or local equilibrium hypothesis.The momentum space distribution is determined by a random walk argument,and the position space distribution is determined by employing the equiprobability and ergodicity principles.The expressions for energy,entropy,free energy,and pressures are then deduced,and the relation among external force,drift velocity,and temperature is also established.Moreover,the relaxation towards its equilibrium is found to be an exponentially decaying process obeying the minimum entropy production theorem.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA17010504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11947302)。
文摘The folding of many small proteins is kinetically a two-state process with one major free-energy barrier to overcome,which can be roughly regarded as the inverse process of unfolding.In this work,we first use a Gaussian network model to predict the folding nucleus corresponding to the major free-energy barrier of protein 2 GB1,and find that the folding nucleus is located in theβ-sheet domain.High-temperature molecular dynamics simulations are then used to investigate the unfolding process of 2 GB1.We draw free-energy surface from unfolding simulations,taking RMSD and contact number as reaction coordinates,which confirms that the folding of 2 GB1 is kinetically a two-state process.The comparison of the contact maps before and after the free energy barrier indicates that the transition from native to non-native structure of the protein is kinetically caused by the destruction of theβ-sheet domain,which manifests that the folding nucleus is indeed located in theβ-sheet domain.Moreover,the constrained MD simulation further confirms that the destruction of the secondary structures does not alter the topology of the protein retained by the folding nucleus.These results provide vital information for upcoming researchers to further understand protein folding in similar systems.
文摘Walnuts are one of nature’s more waste-heavy products. 67% of the nut is shell and husk, low value by-products that are rich in phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds extracted from walnut shells are potentially good natural sources of antioxidants for the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, phenolic compounds were extracted using an ultrasonic bath, an ultrasonic probe and a standard shaking method. The extraction yield achieved with an ultrasonic probe was 51.2 mg GAE/g DW, two times higher than both the shaking method and the ultrasonic bath method which were 20.6 mg GAE/g DW and 25.8 mg GAE/g DW, respectively. Phenolic extraction was further improved by a size reduction of the walnut shells. The best extraction yield of 52.8 mg GAE/g DW was attained when the particle size was between 45 - 100 mesh. The ultrasonic probe treatment is the best method for extraction of phenolic compounds from walnut shells. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging indicated that the ultrasonic probe treatment could better rupture the hard structure of the cells, increasing the penetration of solvents and thus the extraction yield.
基金Supported by National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(CARS-06-14.5-A7)Hebei Provincial Key R&D Program:Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation of Modern Seed Industry(21326302D,19226328D).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to further enhance the disease resistance of summer-sown hybrid millet varieties and improve the quality of millet.[Methods]Zhangzagu No.24 was bred by Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences with sterile line A2 as the female parent and"5170"as the male parent.[Results]The growth period for summer sowing of Zhangzagu No.24 is 88 d.The seedlings are green and have green leaf sheaths.The plant height is 110 cm.The panicles are 26 cm in length,in a stick panicle type,and moderate in tightness.The single panicle weight is 15.3 g,and the grain weight per panicle is 12.9 g.The grain yield is 84.2%,and the milled rice rate is 78.2%.The 1000-grain weight is 3.11 g.Zhangzagu No.24 shows yellow grains and yellow rice.There is one or two tillers per plant.Zhangzagu No.24 is resistant to herbicide sethoxydim.It obtained the registration certificate for non-main crop varieties,registration number:GPD millet(2018)130194.[Conclusions]This study will contribute to the development of water-saving,high-efficiency and green industrialization of hybrid millet in summer sowing areas in China.
