INTRODUCTION On March 28,2025,at 06:20:52 UTC,a shallow,magnitude M_(w)7.7 earthquake struck Myanmar(Burma)with an epicenter near the major city of Mandalay.This event,the strongest seismic activity recorded in Myanma...INTRODUCTION On March 28,2025,at 06:20:52 UTC,a shallow,magnitude M_(w)7.7 earthquake struck Myanmar(Burma)with an epicenter near the major city of Mandalay.This event,the strongest seismic activity recorded in Myanmar since 1950,generated intense shaking across much of the country,extended into regions of Thailand,and was felt in China's Yunnan and Guangxi provinces.展开更多
In this study, we swiftly determined the focal parameters(focal mechanism, seismic imaging process, magnitude)of the Jishishan earthquake, leveraging a solved fault model to assess the intensity field and casualties p...In this study, we swiftly determined the focal parameters(focal mechanism, seismic imaging process, magnitude)of the Jishishan earthquake, leveraging a solved fault model to assess the intensity field and casualties promptly.The investigation began by retrieving the source mechanism through the P-wave initial motion and W-phase method. This enabled us to chart the spatial and temporal distribution of energy release in the source area via the back-projection technique. Following this, we estimated the earthquake's intensity field by merging the source inversion findings with the ground motion prediction equation. This analysis facilitated the evaluation of earthquake casualties, utilizing the theoretical intensity field and a casualty assessment model. Our findings indicate that the fault type is a thrust fault, characterized by a unilateral rupture in the direction of NW, with a rupture length spanning approximately 10–15 km and a duration ranging between 8 and 10 s. The earthquake's magnitude varied from M 5.9 to M 6.2. The demarcated high-intensity areas, as per our intensity assessment, align closely with the actual survey results. Furthermore, the predicted total casualties and identified critical rescue zones closely match the real-world casualty figures. These insights offer crucial technical support for governmental emergency command and rescue operations.展开更多
Objective:This study investigated the regulatory effect of non-classical immune parameters on immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)mice by a spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing formula(SQBF).Method...Objective:This study investigated the regulatory effect of non-classical immune parameters on immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)mice by a spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing formula(SQBF).Method:A total of 80 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four equal groups(20 mice each):control group,model group,prednisone group and spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing(SQBF)group.Mice in the model group,prednisone group,and SQBF group were administered anti-platelet serum to induce ITP.The dynamic variations of platelet counts in ITP mice were measured with an automatic blood analyzer before modeling and 48 h,and 8,12 and 15 days following APS injection.Levels of b-endorphin(b-EP),vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)and salivary IgA(SIgA)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)on 15th day of experiment.Results:SQBF enhanced peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice similar to that of prednisone,and both groups showed a statistically significant response compared with the model group(P<.01).The SQBF significantly decreased b-EP levels compared with the model and prednisone intervention groups(P<.05),significantly increased the levels of VIP and SIgA in ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.05)and had significant protective effects on the thymus of ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.01).Conclusions:The SQBF had a similar effect to prednisone with regards to enhancing peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice.Furthermore,it decreased b-EP levels and increased VIP and SIgA,and protected the thymus.This shows that,on base of the brain-gut axis functions,some non-classical immune vascular active factors or neurotransmitters are also involved in immune responses,and also have relationship with the onset of ITP and bleeding and/or hemostasis.It needs further study to determine whether a change in these active factors is related to immediate hemostasis.展开更多
A mathematical model has been formulated in accordance with cell chemotaxis and relevant experimental data. A three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann method was used for numerical simulation. The present study observed th...A mathematical model has been formulated in accordance with cell chemotaxis and relevant experimental data. A three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann method was used for numerical simulation. The present study observed the effects of glial scar size and inhibitor concentration on regenerative axonal growth following spinal cord transection. The simulation test comprised two parts： （1） when release rates of growth inhibitor and promoter were constant, the effects of glial scar size on axonal growth rate were analyzed, and concentrations of inhibitor and promoters located at the moving growth cones were recorded. （2） When the glial scar size was constant, the effects of inhibitor and promoter release rates on axonal growth rate were analyzed, and inhibitor and promoter concentrations at the moving growth cones were recorded. Results demonstrated that （1） a larger glial scar and a higher release rate of inhibitor resulted in a reduced axonal growth rate. （2） The axonal growth rate depended on the ratio of inhibitor to promoter concentrations at the growth cones. When the average ratio was 〈 1.5, regenerating axons were able to grow and successfully contact target cells.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Increased expression of multidrug resistance 1 （MDR1） mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with intractable epilepsy is not due to epilepsy drugs, but epilepsy behavior. Monitoring MDR1 expression in pe...BACKGROUND： Increased expression of multidrug resistance 1 （MDR1） mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with intractable epilepsy is not due to epilepsy drugs, but epilepsy behavior. Monitoring MDR1 expression in peripheral blood is a target for MDR1 gene evaluation. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the influence of antiepileptic drugs and seizures on MDR expression in intractable epilepsy, and to analyze the genetic polymorphisms of C3435T in the MDRl gene. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Factorial designs and comparative observations at the experimental center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University between October 2003 and October 2004. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 120 subjects were recruited from the epilepsy clinical department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical College. Four groups （n = 30） were classified according to statistical factorial design： intractable epilepsy, treatment response, no treatment, and normal control groups. METHODS： One-step semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction technology was used to test expressions of the MDR1 gene in 120 subjects. C3435T polymorphisms in intractable epilepsy group and normal control groups were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Expression of MDR1 mRNA in the four groups, and C3435T genetic polymorphisms in intractable epilepsy and normal control groups. RESULTS： MDRl gene expression was increased in the intractable epilepsy group, due to the factor seizures, but not the antiepileptic drugs. However, the interaction between the two factors was not statistically significant. Of the 30 subjects in the intractable epilepsy group, the following genotypes were exhibited： 3 （10%） C/C genotype, 9 （30%） C/T genotype, and 18 （60%） T/T genotype at the site of C3435T, while 4 （13%）, 10 （33%）, and 16 （53%） subjects were determined to express these genotypes in the normal control group, respectively. C and T allele frequency were 25% and 75% in the intractable epilepsy group, and 30% and 70% in the normal control group, respectively. However, there was no statistical difference between the groups. CONCLUSION： Results demonstrated that seizures, not antiepileptic drugs, induced MDR1 gene expression in intractable epilepsy. Genetic polymorphisms of C3435T in the MDR1 gene did not contribute to the development of multidrug resistance in patients with intractable epilepsy.展开更多
Three different Ti-Si oxide structuares, silica supported titania, silica coated titania and intimately mixed silicatitania, containing 10%-40% SiO2, were made by sol-gel process. The variations of microstructure para...Three different Ti-Si oxide structuares, silica supported titania, silica coated titania and intimately mixed silicatitania, containing 10%-40% SiO2, were made by sol-gel process. The variations of microstructure parameters of nanocrystalline （nc） TiO2-anatase in the three kirds of binary oxides, including in-plane spacing d, cell constants （ao, co）, cell volume V, cell axial ratio co/ao and crystal grain size, were comparatively investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. It is found that the microstructure parameters vary remarkably with increasing SiO2 content and annealing temperature. Different structured Ti-Si binary oxides lead to different variation tendencies of microstructure parameters. The more SiO2 the binary oxide contains, the more lattice defects of nc TiO2-anatase appear; diffusion or migration of Si cations could be an important influential factor in the variations of microstructure. The grain size of nc TiO2 in the three kinds of binary oxides not only depends on SiO2 content and annealing temperature but also on the degree of lattice microstrain and distortion of nc TiO2-anatase. Both grain size and phase transformation of nc TiO2-anatase are effectively inhibited with increasing SiO2 content.展开更多
The oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of isobutane over Cr_2O_3/La_2(CO_3)_3 has been investigated in a low-pressure Knudsen cell reactor, under conditions where the kinetics of the primary reaction steps can be accurat...The oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of isobutane over Cr_2O_3/La_2(CO_3)_3 has been investigated in a low-pressure Knudsen cell reactor, under conditions where the kinetics of the primary reaction steps can be accurately determined. By heating the catalyst at a constant rate from 150-300℃, temperature fluctuations due to non-equilibrium adsorption are minimized. The evolved gas profiles show that ODH to isobutene and water is a primary reaction pathway, while carbon dioxide, which forms from the catalyst during reaction, is the only other product. This CO2 evolution may enhance the activity of the catalyst. Isobutene formation proceeds with the participation of lattice oxygen from the Cr2O3/La2(CO3)3 catalyst. The intrinsic Arrhenius rate constant for the ODH of isobutane isk(s-1) = 1011.5±2.2exp{-((55±5) -ΔHads kJmol-1)/RT}The small pre-exponential factor is expected for a concerted mechanism and for such a catalyst with a small surface area and limited porosity.展开更多
Using solar energy to produce syngas via the endothermic reforming of methane has been extensively inves- tigated at the laboratory- and pilot plant-scales as a promising method of storing solar energy. One of the cha...Using solar energy to produce syngas via the endothermic reforming of methane has been extensively inves- tigated at the laboratory- and pilot plant-scales as a promising method of storing solar energy. One of the challenges to scaling up this process in a tubular reformer is to improve the reactor＇s performance, which is limited by mass and heat transfer issues. High thermal conductivity Cu foam was therefore used as a sub-strate to improve the catalyst＇s thermal conductivity during solar reforming. We also developed a method to coat the foam with the catalytically active component NiMg3AlOx. The Cu foam-based NiMg3AlOx performs better than catalysts supported on SiSiC foam, which is currently used as a substrate for solar-reforming cat- alysts, at high gas hourly space velocity （≥400,000 mL/（g.h）） or at low reaction temperatures （≤ 720 ℃）. The presence of a γ-Al2O3 intermediate layer improves the adhesion between the catalyst and substrate as well as the catalytic activity.展开更多
The linear elastic problem with weak symmetric stress obtained by Lagrange multiplier method is discussed by using the stabilization method. The stress and displacement of the variational problem are approximated by l...The linear elastic problem with weak symmetric stress obtained by Lagrange multiplier method is discussed by using the stabilization method. The stress and displacement of the variational problem are approximated by linear element and piecewise constant. By adding stabilization terms G1(·, ·), G2(·, ·) and G3(·, ·), the corresponding mixed discrete variational problem satisfies the weak inf-sup condition. Then the error estimation between the solution of the variational problem and the stabilized mixed finite element solution is studied in detail. Finally, two numerical examples are used to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.展开更多
Baiyun Karst Caverns in Lincheng County,Hebei Province,is a rare karst caverns in subhumid climate region of the north.It was developed in carbonatite strata,particularly in Zhangxia formation of the Middle Cambrain s...Baiyun Karst Caverns in Lincheng County,Hebei Province,is a rare karst caverns in subhumid climate region of the north.It was developed in carbonatite strata,particularly in Zhangxia formation of the Middle Cambrain series.Erosion-corrosion landscape and chemical deposition landscape are abundant,They are various shapes,curtain drapery,cave flag,cave shield,stalactite,stalagmite,cave flowers,botryoid,soda straw are developed,especially heligmite,soda straw,cave flowers are the most characteristic.展开更多
Ferroptosis is a unique regulated form of cell death that is distinct from apoptosis,necrosis,and other well-characterized regulated cell death types,and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of ch...Ferroptosis is a unique regulated form of cell death that is distinct from apoptosis,necrosis,and other well-characterized regulated cell death types,and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of chronic metabolic diseases,including diabetes,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.Recently,increasing evidence has supported traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)as a new hot spot for the treatment of chronic metabolic diseases by mediating ferroptosis.Unfortunately,few systematic reviews have described the importance of TCM in treating chronic metabolic diseases through the ferroptosis pathway.In the current review,the mechanism of ferroptosis and the roles of ferroptosis in chronic metabolic diseases are summarized.Additionally,this review illustrates that the regulation of ferroptosis by TCM could be an effective approach for treating chronic metabolic diseases based on experimental evidence and clinical application.In summary,this work will improve the understanding of ferroptosis and the ability of TCM to regulate ferroptosis in chronic metabolic diseases,thereby promoting the development and application of natural TCM.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common form of dementia,is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory problems.With a growing elderly population and limited treatment options,AD poses a significant so...Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common form of dementia,is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory problems.With a growing elderly population and limited treatment options,AD poses a significant social and economic burden.Several modifiable risk factors for AD have been identified,including diabetes,hypertension,obesity,and dyslipidemia.These factors often occur together,making it difficult to isolate their individual effects on health.As a result,they are grouped under the term metabolic syndrome(MetS).Interestingly,there appears to be a strong association between how the body processes lipids in MetS and the development of AD.This connection likely involves inflammation,oxidative stress,blood–brain barrier dysfunction,and the processing of amyloid precursor protein.However,the exact mechanisms remain unclear.This review aims to explore the potential role of MetS-related mechanisms,with a particular focus on how dyslipidemia contributes to AD development.Additionally,we will discuss potential therapeutic avenues targeting lipid pathways to offer future treatment options.展开更多
Cancer immunotherapy faces challenges in achieving durable antitumor immunity due to poor immunogenicity of tumor antigens and inadequate immune activation.In this study,we developed a self-assembling neoantigen nanop...Cancer immunotherapy faces challenges in achieving durable antitumor immunity due to poor immunogenicity of tumor antigens and inadequate immune activation.In this study,we developed a self-assembling neoantigen nanoparticle vaccine(Neo-NV)integrating charge-modified Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue(KRAS)G12V-derived multi-epitope peptides with dual adjuvants—hydrophilic CpG oligonucleotides(ODNs)and hydrophobic R848.Neo-NV demonstrated enhanced antigen uptake by dendritic cells(DCs)in vitro,promoting DC maturation and M1 macrophage polarization,while stimulating robust neoantigen-specific CD8+T cell responses.Additionally,Neo-NV enhanced the activation of antigen-specific T cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and their proliferation in immunodeficient NSG mice.Moreover,it significantly increased CD4+and CD8+T cell proliferation in the spleen and PBMCs of mice,while promoting the activation and aggregation of CD4+and CD8+T cells in the draining lymph nodes.In murine KRAS G12V melanoma models,Neo-NV significantly suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival without systemic toxicity,as evidenced by stable body weight and normal hepatic/renal biomarkers.Mechanistically,Neo-NV enhanced tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte(TIL)activation and memory precursor T cell formation.This study establishes Neo-NV as a modular platform for personalized immunotherapy,highlighting the synergy of dual adjuvants and self-assembled nanoparticle in overcoming neoantigen immunogenicity barriers.展开更多
Background Recent studies suggest that hypertension may increase the risk of epilepsy onset,revealing intricate interactions between cardiovascular health and neurological disorders,thus emphasizing the significance o...Background Recent studies suggest that hypertension may increase the risk of epilepsy onset,revealing intricate interactions between cardiovascular health and neurological disorders,thus emphasizing the significance of conducting further investigations into their connection.This study aimed to investigate the potential causality between hypertension,either in systolic or diastolic blood pressure,and epilepsy,using a Mendelian randomization strategy.Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization design was used in this study.We extracted data from the UK Biobank,FinnGen,and the International Consortium of Blood Pressure,utilizing blood pressure-related single nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables to evaluate the influence of hypertension on the risk of epilepsy.Inverse variance weighted,weighted median,and MR-Egger approaches were used for analysis.Results There was a potential association between hypertension,primarily in systolic blood pressure,and an elevated epilepsy risk,while the relationship between hypertension in diastolic blood pressure and epilepsy risk remained inconclusive.Sensitivity analyses suggest an absence of substantial heterogeneity and confounding effects,suggesting the reliability of our findings.Conclusions Our study lays the groundwork for further investigations into the mechanisms of this causal relationship,which may potentially involve vascular change,neuroinflammatory pathways,and alterations in cerebral blood flow,which are crucial for understanding the complex hypertension-epilepsy nexus.展开更多
Erratum to:Journal of Earth Science https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-025-0187-4 The original version of this article unfortunately contained one mistake.The presentation in Page2384 was incorrect.The corrected one is gi...Erratum to:Journal of Earth Science https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-025-0187-4 The original version of this article unfortunately contained one mistake.The presentation in Page2384 was incorrect.The corrected one is given below.The NTL loss ratio(Figure 4a)was calculated as the variation between pre-earthquake(March 27)and post-earthquake(March 28)radiance values in cloud-free areas.展开更多
The combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy is regarded as a promising approach for the treatment of certain types of cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be fully investigated to guide the design ...The combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy is regarded as a promising approach for the treatment of certain types of cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be fully investigated to guide the design of more efficient protocols for cancer chemoimmunotherapy. It is well known that danger-associated molecular patterns （DAMPs） can activate immune cells, including dendritic cells （DCs）, via Toll-like receptors （TLRs）; however, the role of DAMPs released from chemical drug-treated tumor cells in the activation of the immune response needs to be further elucidated. Here, we found that colorectal cancer （CRC） cells treated with oxaliplatin （OXA） and/or 5-fluorouracil （5-Fu） released high levels of high-mobility group box 1 （HMGB1） and heat shock protein 70 （HSP70）. After OXA/5-Fu therapy, the sera of CRC patients also exhibited increased levels of HMGB1 and HSP70, both of which are well-known DAMPs. The supernatants of dying CRC cells treated with OXA/5-Fu promoted mouse and human DC maturation, with upregulation of HLA-DR, CD80 and CD86 expression and enhancement of IL-lp, TNF-a, MIP-la, MIP-lp, RANTES and IP-IO production. Vaccines composed of DCs pulsed with the supernatants of chemically stressed CRC cells induced a more significant IFN-y-producing Thl response both in vitroand in vivo. However, the supernatants of chemically stressed CRC cells failed to induce phenotypic maturation and cytokine production in TLR4-deficient DCs, indicating an essential role of TLR4 in DAMP-induced DC maturation and activation. Furthermore, pulsing with the supernatants of chemically stressed CRC cells did not efficiently induce an IFN-y-producing Thl response in TLR4-deficient DCs. Collectively, these results demonstrate that DAMPs released from chemically stressed cancer cells can activate DCs viaTLR4 and enhance the induction of an anti-tumor T-cell immune response, delineating a clinically relevant immuno-adjuvant pathway triggered by DAMPs.展开更多
Worldwide,gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths and the fifth most common malignant tumor.Gastric cancer is believed to be caused by a variety of factors,such as genetics,epigenetics,and environm...Worldwide,gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths and the fifth most common malignant tumor.Gastric cancer is believed to be caused by a variety of factors,such as genetics,epigenetics,and environmental influences.Among the pathogenic factors,inflammation has been considered as one of the main risk factors for gastric cancer.There are currently limited ways to prevent gastric cancer.Although the combined application of aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can reduce the risk,it has great side effects and can easily cause gastric perforation or gastric bleeding.Therefore,an alternative plan is urgently needed.Curcumin is the yellow pigment in the rhizome of the plant turmeric.Current studies have found that curcumin has a protective effect on gastric mucosal damage caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,gastric mucosal damage in rats,and gastric mucosal damage caused by stress bleeding and Helicobacter pylori infection.Curcumin shows significant antiinflammatory and anti-cancer activities by regulating DNA methylation,histone modification,nuclear factor erythrocyte 2 related factor 2 and other related signal pathways.In this article,the latest evidence of curcumin for epigenetic changes in gastric cancer and its potential contribution to gastric cancer were discussed.展开更多
Monoclonal antibodies constitute a promising class of targeted anticancer agents that enhance natural immune system functions to suppress cancer cell activity and eliminate cancer cells.The successful application of I...Monoclonal antibodies constitute a promising class of targeted anticancer agents that enhance natural immune system functions to suppress cancer cell activity and eliminate cancer cells.The successful application of IgG monoclonal antibodies has inspired the development of various types of therapeutic antibodies,such as antibody fragments,bispecific antibodies,and antibody derivatives(e.g.,antibody-drug conjugates and immunocytokines).展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of the Republic of China(Nos.2023YFC3007303,2017YFB0504104)the Science and Technology Projects of Gansu Provincial(No.24JRRA1188)。
文摘INTRODUCTION On March 28,2025,at 06:20:52 UTC,a shallow,magnitude M_(w)7.7 earthquake struck Myanmar(Burma)with an epicenter near the major city of Mandalay.This event,the strongest seismic activity recorded in Myanmar since 1950,generated intense shaking across much of the country,extended into regions of Thailand,and was felt in China's Yunnan and Guangxi provinces.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds of the Institute of Earthquake Predic-tion, China Earthquake Administration (2023IESLZ04)the Gansu Provincial Key Talent Project。
文摘In this study, we swiftly determined the focal parameters(focal mechanism, seismic imaging process, magnitude)of the Jishishan earthquake, leveraging a solved fault model to assess the intensity field and casualties promptly.The investigation began by retrieving the source mechanism through the P-wave initial motion and W-phase method. This enabled us to chart the spatial and temporal distribution of energy release in the source area via the back-projection technique. Following this, we estimated the earthquake's intensity field by merging the source inversion findings with the ground motion prediction equation. This analysis facilitated the evaluation of earthquake casualties, utilizing the theoretical intensity field and a casualty assessment model. Our findings indicate that the fault type is a thrust fault, characterized by a unilateral rupture in the direction of NW, with a rupture length spanning approximately 10–15 km and a duration ranging between 8 and 10 s. The earthquake's magnitude varied from M 5.9 to M 6.2. The demarcated high-intensity areas, as per our intensity assessment, align closely with the actual survey results. Furthermore, the predicted total casualties and identified critical rescue zones closely match the real-world casualty figures. These insights offer crucial technical support for governmental emergency command and rescue operations.
文摘Objective:This study investigated the regulatory effect of non-classical immune parameters on immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)mice by a spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing formula(SQBF).Method:A total of 80 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four equal groups(20 mice each):control group,model group,prednisone group and spleen-invigorating,qi-replenishing and blood-containing(SQBF)group.Mice in the model group,prednisone group,and SQBF group were administered anti-platelet serum to induce ITP.The dynamic variations of platelet counts in ITP mice were measured with an automatic blood analyzer before modeling and 48 h,and 8,12 and 15 days following APS injection.Levels of b-endorphin(b-EP),vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)and salivary IgA(SIgA)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)on 15th day of experiment.Results:SQBF enhanced peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice similar to that of prednisone,and both groups showed a statistically significant response compared with the model group(P<.01).The SQBF significantly decreased b-EP levels compared with the model and prednisone intervention groups(P<.05),significantly increased the levels of VIP and SIgA in ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.05)and had significant protective effects on the thymus of ITP mice compared with the model group(P<.01).Conclusions:The SQBF had a similar effect to prednisone with regards to enhancing peripheral blood platelet counts in ITP mice.Furthermore,it decreased b-EP levels and increased VIP and SIgA,and protected the thymus.This shows that,on base of the brain-gut axis functions,some non-classical immune vascular active factors or neurotransmitters are also involved in immune responses,and also have relationship with the onset of ITP and bleeding and/or hemostasis.It needs further study to determine whether a change in these active factors is related to immediate hemostasis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 10572085Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Projects,No. S30106
文摘A mathematical model has been formulated in accordance with cell chemotaxis and relevant experimental data. A three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann method was used for numerical simulation. The present study observed the effects of glial scar size and inhibitor concentration on regenerative axonal growth following spinal cord transection. The simulation test comprised two parts： （1） when release rates of growth inhibitor and promoter were constant, the effects of glial scar size on axonal growth rate were analyzed, and concentrations of inhibitor and promoters located at the moving growth cones were recorded. （2） When the glial scar size was constant, the effects of inhibitor and promoter release rates on axonal growth rate were analyzed, and inhibitor and promoter concentrations at the moving growth cones were recorded. Results demonstrated that （1） a larger glial scar and a higher release rate of inhibitor resulted in a reduced axonal growth rate. （2） The axonal growth rate depended on the ratio of inhibitor to promoter concentrations at the growth cones. When the average ratio was 〈 1.5, regenerating axons were able to grow and successfully contact target cells.
文摘BACKGROUND： Increased expression of multidrug resistance 1 （MDR1） mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with intractable epilepsy is not due to epilepsy drugs, but epilepsy behavior. Monitoring MDR1 expression in peripheral blood is a target for MDR1 gene evaluation. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the influence of antiepileptic drugs and seizures on MDR expression in intractable epilepsy, and to analyze the genetic polymorphisms of C3435T in the MDRl gene. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Factorial designs and comparative observations at the experimental center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University between October 2003 and October 2004. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 120 subjects were recruited from the epilepsy clinical department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical College. Four groups （n = 30） were classified according to statistical factorial design： intractable epilepsy, treatment response, no treatment, and normal control groups. METHODS： One-step semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction technology was used to test expressions of the MDR1 gene in 120 subjects. C3435T polymorphisms in intractable epilepsy group and normal control groups were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Expression of MDR1 mRNA in the four groups, and C3435T genetic polymorphisms in intractable epilepsy and normal control groups. RESULTS： MDRl gene expression was increased in the intractable epilepsy group, due to the factor seizures, but not the antiepileptic drugs. However, the interaction between the two factors was not statistically significant. Of the 30 subjects in the intractable epilepsy group, the following genotypes were exhibited： 3 （10%） C/C genotype, 9 （30%） C/T genotype, and 18 （60%） T/T genotype at the site of C3435T, while 4 （13%）, 10 （33%）, and 16 （53%） subjects were determined to express these genotypes in the normal control group, respectively. C and T allele frequency were 25% and 75% in the intractable epilepsy group, and 30% and 70% in the normal control group, respectively. However, there was no statistical difference between the groups. CONCLUSION： Results demonstrated that seizures, not antiepileptic drugs, induced MDR1 gene expression in intractable epilepsy. Genetic polymorphisms of C3435T in the MDR1 gene did not contribute to the development of multidrug resistance in patients with intractable epilepsy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 20476067 Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 90306014.
文摘Three different Ti-Si oxide structuares, silica supported titania, silica coated titania and intimately mixed silicatitania, containing 10%-40% SiO2, were made by sol-gel process. The variations of microstructure parameters of nanocrystalline （nc） TiO2-anatase in the three kirds of binary oxides, including in-plane spacing d, cell constants （ao, co）, cell volume V, cell axial ratio co/ao and crystal grain size, were comparatively investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. It is found that the microstructure parameters vary remarkably with increasing SiO2 content and annealing temperature. Different structured Ti-Si binary oxides lead to different variation tendencies of microstructure parameters. The more SiO2 the binary oxide contains, the more lattice defects of nc TiO2-anatase appear; diffusion or migration of Si cations could be an important influential factor in the variations of microstructure. The grain size of nc TiO2 in the three kinds of binary oxides not only depends on SiO2 content and annealing temperature but also on the degree of lattice microstrain and distortion of nc TiO2-anatase. Both grain size and phase transformation of nc TiO2-anatase are effectively inhibited with increasing SiO2 content.
文摘The oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of isobutane over Cr_2O_3/La_2(CO_3)_3 has been investigated in a low-pressure Knudsen cell reactor, under conditions where the kinetics of the primary reaction steps can be accurately determined. By heating the catalyst at a constant rate from 150-300℃, temperature fluctuations due to non-equilibrium adsorption are minimized. The evolved gas profiles show that ODH to isobutene and water is a primary reaction pathway, while carbon dioxide, which forms from the catalyst during reaction, is the only other product. This CO2 evolution may enhance the activity of the catalyst. Isobutene formation proceeds with the participation of lattice oxygen from the Cr2O3/La2(CO3)3 catalyst. The intrinsic Arrhenius rate constant for the ODH of isobutane isk(s-1) = 1011.5±2.2exp{-((55±5) -ΔHads kJmol-1)/RT}The small pre-exponential factor is expected for a concerted mechanism and for such a catalyst with a small surface area and limited porosity.
基金supported by the CSIRO Energy Flagship and the Chinese Scholarship Council
文摘Using solar energy to produce syngas via the endothermic reforming of methane has been extensively inves- tigated at the laboratory- and pilot plant-scales as a promising method of storing solar energy. One of the challenges to scaling up this process in a tubular reformer is to improve the reactor＇s performance, which is limited by mass and heat transfer issues. High thermal conductivity Cu foam was therefore used as a sub-strate to improve the catalyst＇s thermal conductivity during solar reforming. We also developed a method to coat the foam with the catalytically active component NiMg3AlOx. The Cu foam-based NiMg3AlOx performs better than catalysts supported on SiSiC foam, which is currently used as a substrate for solar-reforming cat- alysts, at high gas hourly space velocity （≥400,000 mL/（g.h）） or at low reaction temperatures （≤ 720 ℃）. The presence of a γ-Al2O3 intermediate layer improves the adhesion between the catalyst and substrate as well as the catalytic activity.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12171141)the Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province (Grant No.23B110005)+1 种基金the Young Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (Grant No.222300420135)the Doctoral Fund of Henan University of Engineering (Grant No.D2017022)。
文摘The linear elastic problem with weak symmetric stress obtained by Lagrange multiplier method is discussed by using the stabilization method. The stress and displacement of the variational problem are approximated by linear element and piecewise constant. By adding stabilization terms G1(·, ·), G2(·, ·) and G3(·, ·), the corresponding mixed discrete variational problem satisfies the weak inf-sup condition. Then the error estimation between the solution of the variational problem and the stabilized mixed finite element solution is studied in detail. Finally, two numerical examples are used to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.
基金Supported by Major Special Projects of National Science and Technology Foundation(2011ZX05043-005)
文摘Baiyun Karst Caverns in Lincheng County,Hebei Province,is a rare karst caverns in subhumid climate region of the north.It was developed in carbonatite strata,particularly in Zhangxia formation of the Middle Cambrain series.Erosion-corrosion landscape and chemical deposition landscape are abundant,They are various shapes,curtain drapery,cave flag,cave shield,stalactite,stalagmite,cave flowers,botryoid,soda straw are developed,especially heligmite,soda straw,cave flowers are the most characteristic.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1707100)the Chief Scientist of Qi-Huang Project of National Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation“One Hundred Million”Talent Project(2021)+3 种基金the Qi-Huang Scholar of National Traditional Chinese Medicine Leading Talents Support Program(2018)Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program(2019)the National Famous Old Traditional Chinese Medicine Experts Inheritance Studio Construction Program of National Administration of TCM(Grant Number:[2022]No.75)the Seventh Batch of National Famous Old Traditional Chinese Medicine Experts Experience Heritage Construction Program of National Administration of TCM(Grant Number:[2022]No.76)。
文摘Ferroptosis is a unique regulated form of cell death that is distinct from apoptosis,necrosis,and other well-characterized regulated cell death types,and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of chronic metabolic diseases,including diabetes,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.Recently,increasing evidence has supported traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)as a new hot spot for the treatment of chronic metabolic diseases by mediating ferroptosis.Unfortunately,few systematic reviews have described the importance of TCM in treating chronic metabolic diseases through the ferroptosis pathway.In the current review,the mechanism of ferroptosis and the roles of ferroptosis in chronic metabolic diseases are summarized.Additionally,this review illustrates that the regulation of ferroptosis by TCM could be an effective approach for treating chronic metabolic diseases based on experimental evidence and clinical application.In summary,this work will improve the understanding of ferroptosis and the ability of TCM to regulate ferroptosis in chronic metabolic diseases,thereby promoting the development and application of natural TCM.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82271475 and 82071453).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common form of dementia,is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory problems.With a growing elderly population and limited treatment options,AD poses a significant social and economic burden.Several modifiable risk factors for AD have been identified,including diabetes,hypertension,obesity,and dyslipidemia.These factors often occur together,making it difficult to isolate their individual effects on health.As a result,they are grouped under the term metabolic syndrome(MetS).Interestingly,there appears to be a strong association between how the body processes lipids in MetS and the development of AD.This connection likely involves inflammation,oxidative stress,blood–brain barrier dysfunction,and the processing of amyloid precursor protein.However,the exact mechanisms remain unclear.This review aims to explore the potential role of MetS-related mechanisms,with a particular focus on how dyslipidemia contributes to AD development.Additionally,we will discuss potential therapeutic avenues targeting lipid pathways to offer future treatment options.
基金supported by Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A20409).
文摘Cancer immunotherapy faces challenges in achieving durable antitumor immunity due to poor immunogenicity of tumor antigens and inadequate immune activation.In this study,we developed a self-assembling neoantigen nanoparticle vaccine(Neo-NV)integrating charge-modified Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue(KRAS)G12V-derived multi-epitope peptides with dual adjuvants—hydrophilic CpG oligonucleotides(ODNs)and hydrophobic R848.Neo-NV demonstrated enhanced antigen uptake by dendritic cells(DCs)in vitro,promoting DC maturation and M1 macrophage polarization,while stimulating robust neoantigen-specific CD8+T cell responses.Additionally,Neo-NV enhanced the activation of antigen-specific T cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and their proliferation in immunodeficient NSG mice.Moreover,it significantly increased CD4+and CD8+T cell proliferation in the spleen and PBMCs of mice,while promoting the activation and aggregation of CD4+and CD8+T cells in the draining lymph nodes.In murine KRAS G12V melanoma models,Neo-NV significantly suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival without systemic toxicity,as evidenced by stable body weight and normal hepatic/renal biomarkers.Mechanistically,Neo-NV enhanced tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte(TIL)activation and memory precursor T cell formation.This study establishes Neo-NV as a modular platform for personalized immunotherapy,highlighting the synergy of dual adjuvants and self-assembled nanoparticle in overcoming neoantigen immunogenicity barriers.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82071453).
文摘Background Recent studies suggest that hypertension may increase the risk of epilepsy onset,revealing intricate interactions between cardiovascular health and neurological disorders,thus emphasizing the significance of conducting further investigations into their connection.This study aimed to investigate the potential causality between hypertension,either in systolic or diastolic blood pressure,and epilepsy,using a Mendelian randomization strategy.Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization design was used in this study.We extracted data from the UK Biobank,FinnGen,and the International Consortium of Blood Pressure,utilizing blood pressure-related single nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables to evaluate the influence of hypertension on the risk of epilepsy.Inverse variance weighted,weighted median,and MR-Egger approaches were used for analysis.Results There was a potential association between hypertension,primarily in systolic blood pressure,and an elevated epilepsy risk,while the relationship between hypertension in diastolic blood pressure and epilepsy risk remained inconclusive.Sensitivity analyses suggest an absence of substantial heterogeneity and confounding effects,suggesting the reliability of our findings.Conclusions Our study lays the groundwork for further investigations into the mechanisms of this causal relationship,which may potentially involve vascular change,neuroinflammatory pathways,and alterations in cerebral blood flow,which are crucial for understanding the complex hypertension-epilepsy nexus.
文摘Erratum to:Journal of Earth Science https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-025-0187-4 The original version of this article unfortunately contained one mistake.The presentation in Page2384 was incorrect.The corrected one is given below.The NTL loss ratio(Figure 4a)was calculated as the variation between pre-earthquake(March 27)and post-earthquake(March 28)radiance values in cloud-free areas.
文摘The combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy is regarded as a promising approach for the treatment of certain types of cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be fully investigated to guide the design of more efficient protocols for cancer chemoimmunotherapy. It is well known that danger-associated molecular patterns （DAMPs） can activate immune cells, including dendritic cells （DCs）, via Toll-like receptors （TLRs）; however, the role of DAMPs released from chemical drug-treated tumor cells in the activation of the immune response needs to be further elucidated. Here, we found that colorectal cancer （CRC） cells treated with oxaliplatin （OXA） and/or 5-fluorouracil （5-Fu） released high levels of high-mobility group box 1 （HMGB1） and heat shock protein 70 （HSP70）. After OXA/5-Fu therapy, the sera of CRC patients also exhibited increased levels of HMGB1 and HSP70, both of which are well-known DAMPs. The supernatants of dying CRC cells treated with OXA/5-Fu promoted mouse and human DC maturation, with upregulation of HLA-DR, CD80 and CD86 expression and enhancement of IL-lp, TNF-a, MIP-la, MIP-lp, RANTES and IP-IO production. Vaccines composed of DCs pulsed with the supernatants of chemically stressed CRC cells induced a more significant IFN-y-producing Thl response both in vitroand in vivo. However, the supernatants of chemically stressed CRC cells failed to induce phenotypic maturation and cytokine production in TLR4-deficient DCs, indicating an essential role of TLR4 in DAMP-induced DC maturation and activation. Furthermore, pulsing with the supernatants of chemically stressed CRC cells did not efficiently induce an IFN-y-producing Thl response in TLR4-deficient DCs. Collectively, these results demonstrate that DAMPs released from chemically stressed cancer cells can activate DCs viaTLR4 and enhance the induction of an anti-tumor T-cell immune response, delineating a clinically relevant immuno-adjuvant pathway triggered by DAMPs.
基金supported by Chief Scientist of Qi-Huang Project of National Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation"One Hundred Million"Talent Project(2021)Qi-Huang Scholar of National Traditional Chinese Medicine Leading Talents Support Program(2018)Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program。
文摘Worldwide,gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths and the fifth most common malignant tumor.Gastric cancer is believed to be caused by a variety of factors,such as genetics,epigenetics,and environmental influences.Among the pathogenic factors,inflammation has been considered as one of the main risk factors for gastric cancer.There are currently limited ways to prevent gastric cancer.Although the combined application of aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can reduce the risk,it has great side effects and can easily cause gastric perforation or gastric bleeding.Therefore,an alternative plan is urgently needed.Curcumin is the yellow pigment in the rhizome of the plant turmeric.Current studies have found that curcumin has a protective effect on gastric mucosal damage caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,gastric mucosal damage in rats,and gastric mucosal damage caused by stress bleeding and Helicobacter pylori infection.Curcumin shows significant antiinflammatory and anti-cancer activities by regulating DNA methylation,histone modification,nuclear factor erythrocyte 2 related factor 2 and other related signal pathways.In this article,the latest evidence of curcumin for epigenetic changes in gastric cancer and its potential contribution to gastric cancer were discussed.
基金This study was supported by Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20A20409)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82073750)+2 种基金Key research and development project of Zhejiang province(No.2018C03022)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2020QNA7005)Zhejiang Province"Qianjiang Talent Plan".
文摘Monoclonal antibodies constitute a promising class of targeted anticancer agents that enhance natural immune system functions to suppress cancer cell activity and eliminate cancer cells.The successful application of IgG monoclonal antibodies has inspired the development of various types of therapeutic antibodies,such as antibody fragments,bispecific antibodies,and antibody derivatives(e.g.,antibody-drug conjugates and immunocytokines).
