Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is a core course within the TCM curriculum and an indispensable clinical discipline for all medical students transitioning to professional practice.With the deepening of cur...Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is a core course within the TCM curriculum and an indispensable clinical discipline for all medical students transitioning to professional practice.With the deepening of curriculum reforms,the integrated teaching model has proven effective in helping students master basic theories and clinical skills.Among various teaching models,the Bridge-in,Learning Objectives,Pre-Assessment,Participatory Learning,Post-Assessment,and Summary(BOPPPS)model combined with Problem-Based Learning has gained widespread recognition and application.However,its application in TCM surgery education remains limited.This paper integrates the BOPPPS and problem-based learning(PBL)teaching models into the TCM surgery classroom,using eczema as a case study.This teaching design encompasses six elements:bridge-in,learning objectives,pre-assessment,participatory learning based on Problem-Based Learning,post-assessment,and summary.Potential challenges during the teaching process are also examined to enhance students’clinical critical thinking abilities,improve the quality of classroom teaching,and further cultivate high-quality TCM professionals through the application of the BOPPPS-PBL model.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the expression level of sex-determining region Y-related high mobility group box 4(Sox4)in female lung cancer patients and its clinical significance.Methods:213cases of female lung cancer pati...Objective:To investigate the expression level of sex-determining region Y-related high mobility group box 4(Sox4)in female lung cancer patients and its clinical significance.Methods:213cases of female lung cancer patients who presented in the third affiliated hospital of Kunming medical university were selected for this study.Patients were performed radical surgery of lung cancer;the tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected.The expression of Sox4 were determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining.The correlation between Sox4 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.Results:The mRNA level of Sox4 was significantly higher in tumor tissues than that in adjacent normal tissues(P <0.05).The positive expression rate of SOX4 in carcinoma tissues was 54.46%,which was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues(23.47%)(P <0.05).The positive expression rate of Sox4 in stageⅢ was 89.47%,which was significantly higher than that in stageⅠ-Ⅱ(P <0.05).The positive expression rate of SOX4 in lung cancer patients with lymph node metastasis was 90.91%,which was significantly higher than that in patients without lymph node metastasis(P <0.05).The positive expression rates of Sox4 in low,middle and high differentiation tissues were 69.05%,32.88% and 23.21% respectively,suggesting that the expression of Sox4 in female lung cancer tissues decreased with the increase of pathological differentiation grades.Conclusion:In female lung cancer,SOX4expression was significantly higher in tumor tissue than that of adjacent normal tissues and was correlated with clinical stage,lymph node metastasis and pathological differentiation.Sox4 expression detection may help determine the prognosis of women with lung cancer and provide a theoretical basis for molecular targeted therapy of lung cancer in women.展开更多
Near-infrared(NIR)phototheranostics(PTs)show higher tissue penetration depth,signal-to-noise ratio,and better biosafety than PTs in the ultraviolet and visible regions.However,their further advancement is severely hin...Near-infrared(NIR)phototheranostics(PTs)show higher tissue penetration depth,signal-to-noise ratio,and better biosafety than PTs in the ultraviolet and visible regions.However,their further advancement is severely hindered by poor performances and short-wavelength absorptions/emissions of PT agents.Among reported PT agents,conjugated small molecular nanoparticles(CSMNs)prepared from D-A-typed photoactive conjugated small molecules(CSMs)have greatly mediated this deadlock by their high photostability,distinct chemical structure,tunable absorption,intrinsic multifunctionality,and favorable biocompatibility,which endows CSMNs with more possibilities in biological applications.This review aims to introduce the recent progress of CSMNs for NIR imaging,therapy,and synergistic PTs with a comprehensive summary of their molecular structures,structure types,and optical properties.Moreover,the working principles of CSMNs are illustrated from photophysical and photochemical mechanisms and light-tissue interactions.In addition,molecular engineering and nanomodulation approaches of CSMs are discussed,with an emphasis on strategies for improving performances and extending absorption and emission wavelengths to the NIR range.Furthermore,the in vivo investigation of CSMNs is illustrated with solid examples from imaging in different scenarios,therapy in 2 modes,and synergistic PTs in combinational functionalities.This review concludes with a brief conclusion,current challenges,and future outlook of CSMNs.展开更多
Stimulated emission depletion(STED) microscopy is one of far-field optical microscopy techniques that can provide sub-diffraction spatial resolution. The spatial resolution of the STED microscopy is determined by the ...Stimulated emission depletion(STED) microscopy is one of far-field optical microscopy techniques that can provide sub-diffraction spatial resolution. The spatial resolution of the STED microscopy is determined by the specially engineered beam profile of the depletion beam and its power. However, the beam profile of the depletion beam may be distorted due to aberrations of optical systems and inhomogeneity of a specimen's optical properties, resulting in a compromised spatial resolution. The situation gets deteriorated when thick samples are imaged. In the worst case, the severe distortion of the depletion beam profile may cause complete loss of the superresolution effect no matter how much depletion power is applied to specimens. Previously several adaptive optics approaches have been explored to compensate aberrations of systems and specimens. However, it is difficult to correct the complicated high-order optical aberrations of specimens. In this report, we demonstrate that the complicated distorted wavefront from a thick phantom sample can be measured by using the coherent optical adaptive technique. The full correction can effectively maintain and improve spatial resolution in imaging thick samples.展开更多
When structured illumination is used in digital holographic microscopy(DHM),each direction of the illumination fringe is required to be shifted at least three times to perform the phase-shifting reconstruction.In this...When structured illumination is used in digital holographic microscopy(DHM),each direction of the illumination fringe is required to be shifted at least three times to perform the phase-shifting reconstruction.In this paper,we propose a scheme for spatial resolution enhancement of DHM by using the structured illumination but without phase shifting.The structured illuminations of different directions,which are generated by a spatial light modulator,illuminate the sample sequentially in the object plane.The formed object waves interfere with a reference wave in an off-axis configuration,and a CCD camera records the generated hologram.After the object waves are reconstructed numerically,a synthetic aperture is performed by an iterative algorithm to enhance the spatial resolution.The resolution improvement of the proposed method is proved and demonstrated by both simulation and experiment.展开更多
Mushroom-derived cyathane-type diterpenes possess unusual chemical skeleton and diverse bioactivities.To efficiently supply bioactive cyathanes for deep studies and explore their structural diversity,de novo synthesis...Mushroom-derived cyathane-type diterpenes possess unusual chemical skeleton and diverse bioactivities.To efficiently supply bioactive cyathanes for deep studies and explore their structural diversity,de novo synthesis of cyathane diterpenes in a geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae is investigated.Aided by homologous analyses,one new unclustered FAD-dependent oxidase EriM accounting for the formation of allyl aldehyde and three new NADP(H)-dependent reductases in the biosynthesis of cyathanes are identified and elucidated.By combinatorial biosynthetic strategy,S.cerevisiae strains generating twenty-two cyathane-type diterpenes,including seven"unnatural"cyathane xylosides(12,13,14a,14b,19,20,and 22)are established.Compounds 12-14,19,and 20 show significant neurotrophic effects on PC 12 cells in the dose of 6.3-25.0μmol/L.These studies provide new insights into the divergent biosynthesis of mushroom-originated cyathanes and a straightforward approach to produce bioactive cyathane-type diterpenes.展开更多
Owing to the ability to parallel manipulate micro-objects,dynamic holographic optical tweezers(HOTs)are widely used for assembly and patterning of particles or cells.However,for simultaneous control of large-scale tar...Owing to the ability to parallel manipulate micro-objects,dynamic holographic optical tweezers(HOTs)are widely used for assembly and patterning of particles or cells.However,for simultaneous control of large-scale targets,potential collisions could lead to defects in the formed patterns.Herein we introduce the artificial potential field(APF)to develop dynamic HOTs that enable collision-avoidance micro-manipulation.By eliminating collision risks among particles,this method can maximize the degree of parallelism in multi-particle transport,and it permits the implementation of the Hungarian algorithm for matching the particles with their target sites in a minimal pathway.In proof-of-concept experiments,we employ APF-empowered dynamic HOTs to achieve direct assembly of a defect-free 8×8 array of microbeads,which starts from random initial positions.We further demonstrate successive flexible transformations of a 7×7 microbead array,by regulating its tilt angle and inter-particle spacing distances with a minimalist path.We anticipate that the proposed method will become a versatile tool to open up new possibilities for parallel optical micromanipulation tasks in a variety of fields.展开更多
We analyzed a bird community in a secondary forest and the results show that the magpie was one of the key groups in the secondary forest.The key group is identified based on the nests used by other birds at a rate of...We analyzed a bird community in a secondary forest and the results show that the magpie was one of the key groups in the secondary forest.The key group is identified based on the nests used by other birds at a rate of 25%-40.17%.The size of the community is different and the number of these key groups is not certain.展开更多
文摘Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is a core course within the TCM curriculum and an indispensable clinical discipline for all medical students transitioning to professional practice.With the deepening of curriculum reforms,the integrated teaching model has proven effective in helping students master basic theories and clinical skills.Among various teaching models,the Bridge-in,Learning Objectives,Pre-Assessment,Participatory Learning,Post-Assessment,and Summary(BOPPPS)model combined with Problem-Based Learning has gained widespread recognition and application.However,its application in TCM surgery education remains limited.This paper integrates the BOPPPS and problem-based learning(PBL)teaching models into the TCM surgery classroom,using eczema as a case study.This teaching design encompasses six elements:bridge-in,learning objectives,pre-assessment,participatory learning based on Problem-Based Learning,post-assessment,and summary.Potential challenges during the teaching process are also examined to enhance students’clinical critical thinking abilities,improve the quality of classroom teaching,and further cultivate high-quality TCM professionals through the application of the BOPPPS-PBL model.
基金supported by grants from the Fund for Less Developed Regions of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81460441)the Scientific Research Fund for Key Projects of Yunnan Education Department(No.2013Z110)Special Joint Fund of Yunnan Provincial Science & Technology Bureau-Kunming Medical College(No.2013FB132)
文摘Objective:To investigate the expression level of sex-determining region Y-related high mobility group box 4(Sox4)in female lung cancer patients and its clinical significance.Methods:213cases of female lung cancer patients who presented in the third affiliated hospital of Kunming medical university were selected for this study.Patients were performed radical surgery of lung cancer;the tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected.The expression of Sox4 were determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining.The correlation between Sox4 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.Results:The mRNA level of Sox4 was significantly higher in tumor tissues than that in adjacent normal tissues(P <0.05).The positive expression rate of SOX4 in carcinoma tissues was 54.46%,which was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues(23.47%)(P <0.05).The positive expression rate of Sox4 in stageⅢ was 89.47%,which was significantly higher than that in stageⅠ-Ⅱ(P <0.05).The positive expression rate of SOX4 in lung cancer patients with lymph node metastasis was 90.91%,which was significantly higher than that in patients without lymph node metastasis(P <0.05).The positive expression rates of Sox4 in low,middle and high differentiation tissues were 69.05%,32.88% and 23.21% respectively,suggesting that the expression of Sox4 in female lung cancer tissues decreased with the increase of pathological differentiation grades.Conclusion:In female lung cancer,SOX4expression was significantly higher in tumor tissue than that of adjacent normal tissues and was correlated with clinical stage,lymph node metastasis and pathological differentiation.Sox4 expression detection may help determine the prognosis of women with lung cancer and provide a theoretical basis for molecular targeted therapy of lung cancer in women.
基金financially supported by the Research Start-up Funds of Northwestern Polytechnical University(23GH02025)the Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program(W016336)the Fundamental Science Center Foundation of China(D5110220297).
文摘Near-infrared(NIR)phototheranostics(PTs)show higher tissue penetration depth,signal-to-noise ratio,and better biosafety than PTs in the ultraviolet and visible regions.However,their further advancement is severely hindered by poor performances and short-wavelength absorptions/emissions of PT agents.Among reported PT agents,conjugated small molecular nanoparticles(CSMNs)prepared from D-A-typed photoactive conjugated small molecules(CSMs)have greatly mediated this deadlock by their high photostability,distinct chemical structure,tunable absorption,intrinsic multifunctionality,and favorable biocompatibility,which endows CSMNs with more possibilities in biological applications.This review aims to introduce the recent progress of CSMNs for NIR imaging,therapy,and synergistic PTs with a comprehensive summary of their molecular structures,structure types,and optical properties.Moreover,the working principles of CSMNs are illustrated from photophysical and photochemical mechanisms and light-tissue interactions.In addition,molecular engineering and nanomodulation approaches of CSMs are discussed,with an emphasis on strategies for improving performances and extending absorption and emission wavelengths to the NIR range.Furthermore,the in vivo investigation of CSMNs is illustrated with solid examples from imaging in different scenarios,therapy in 2 modes,and synergistic PTs in combinational functionalities.This review concludes with a brief conclusion,current challenges,and future outlook of CSMNs.
基金National Basic Research Program of China(2015CB352005)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61378091,61404123,61505118,61505121,61525503)+5 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2014M55226)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2014A030312008)Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan cooperation innovation platform&major projects of international cooperation in Colleges and Universities in Guangdong Province(2015KGJHZ002)National Institute of General Medical Sciences(NIGMS)(P20GM103499,R21GM104683)National Science Foundation(NSF)(1539034)Shenzhen Basic Research Project(JCYJ20150930104948169,GJHZ20160226202139185,JCYJ20160328144746940)
文摘Stimulated emission depletion(STED) microscopy is one of far-field optical microscopy techniques that can provide sub-diffraction spatial resolution. The spatial resolution of the STED microscopy is determined by the specially engineered beam profile of the depletion beam and its power. However, the beam profile of the depletion beam may be distorted due to aberrations of optical systems and inhomogeneity of a specimen's optical properties, resulting in a compromised spatial resolution. The situation gets deteriorated when thick samples are imaged. In the worst case, the severe distortion of the depletion beam profile may cause complete loss of the superresolution effect no matter how much depletion power is applied to specimens. Previously several adaptive optics approaches have been explored to compensate aberrations of systems and specimens. However, it is difficult to correct the complicated high-order optical aberrations of specimens. In this report, we demonstrate that the complicated distorted wavefront from a thick phantom sample can be measured by using the coherent optical adaptive technique. The full correction can effectively maintain and improve spatial resolution in imaging thick samples.
基金This work is supported by the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)of China under Grant No.2012CB921900the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant Nos.61377008,61107003,and 61275191.
文摘When structured illumination is used in digital holographic microscopy(DHM),each direction of the illumination fringe is required to be shifted at least three times to perform the phase-shifting reconstruction.In this paper,we propose a scheme for spatial resolution enhancement of DHM by using the structured illumination but without phase shifting.The structured illuminations of different directions,which are generated by a spatial light modulator,illuminate the sample sequentially in the object plane.The formed object waves interfere with a reference wave in an off-axis configuration,and a CCD camera records the generated hologram.After the object waves are reconstructed numerically,a synthetic aperture is performed by an iterative algorithm to enhance the spatial resolution.The resolution improvement of the proposed method is proved and demonstrated by both simulation and experiment.
基金supported by the grants from the National Key R&D program of China(Grant 2018YFD0400203 and 2017YEE0108200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 21472233)the“Innovative Cross Team”project,CAS(Grant E0222L01R1,China)
文摘Mushroom-derived cyathane-type diterpenes possess unusual chemical skeleton and diverse bioactivities.To efficiently supply bioactive cyathanes for deep studies and explore their structural diversity,de novo synthesis of cyathane diterpenes in a geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae is investigated.Aided by homologous analyses,one new unclustered FAD-dependent oxidase EriM accounting for the formation of allyl aldehyde and three new NADP(H)-dependent reductases in the biosynthesis of cyathanes are identified and elucidated.By combinatorial biosynthetic strategy,S.cerevisiae strains generating twenty-two cyathane-type diterpenes,including seven"unnatural"cyathane xylosides(12,13,14a,14b,19,20,and 22)are established.Compounds 12-14,19,and 20 show significant neurotrophic effects on PC 12 cells in the dose of 6.3-25.0μmol/L.These studies provide new insights into the divergent biosynthesis of mushroom-originated cyathanes and a straightforward approach to produce bioactive cyathane-type diterpenes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12274181,12127805,62135005)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0700303,2023YFF0613700)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515030143).
文摘Owing to the ability to parallel manipulate micro-objects,dynamic holographic optical tweezers(HOTs)are widely used for assembly and patterning of particles or cells.However,for simultaneous control of large-scale targets,potential collisions could lead to defects in the formed patterns.Herein we introduce the artificial potential field(APF)to develop dynamic HOTs that enable collision-avoidance micro-manipulation.By eliminating collision risks among particles,this method can maximize the degree of parallelism in multi-particle transport,and it permits the implementation of the Hungarian algorithm for matching the particles with their target sites in a minimal pathway.In proof-of-concept experiments,we employ APF-empowered dynamic HOTs to achieve direct assembly of a defect-free 8×8 array of microbeads,which starts from random initial positions.We further demonstrate successive flexible transformations of a 7×7 microbead array,by regulating its tilt angle and inter-particle spacing distances with a minimalist path.We anticipate that the proposed method will become a versatile tool to open up new possibilities for parallel optical micromanipulation tasks in a variety of fields.
文摘We analyzed a bird community in a secondary forest and the results show that the magpie was one of the key groups in the secondary forest.The key group is identified based on the nests used by other birds at a rate of 25%-40.17%.The size of the community is different and the number of these key groups is not certain.
