OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of the periplaneta americana extract on the intestinal mucosal barrier and prognostic implications in patients with sepsis. METHODS： Sixty and six patients with sepsis were assig...OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of the periplaneta americana extract on the intestinal mucosal barrier and prognostic implications in patients with sepsis. METHODS： Sixty and six patients with sepsis were assigned randomly to treatment group （32 cases） and control group （32 cases）. The extractfrom periplaneta americana plus conventional medication for sepsis was administered to the treatment group, while the control group only received conventional treatment. The gastrointestinal function scores and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （APACHE 11 ） scores of all subjects were documented at baseline, at days 1, 3 and 7 after treatment respectively and their blood endotoxin was tested at the same time points as well. The incidence of death was recorded for both groups throughout the trial. RESULTS： At days 3 and 7 after treatment, gastrointestinal function score, APACHE II, and endotoxin level in treatment group wasbetter than that in con- trol group and the difference between them was significant （both P〈0~05）. Although the incidence of death in treatment group was less than that in control group, the difference between the two groups was not significant （P〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The extract of periplaneta ameri- cana had protective effect on intestinal mucosal barrier and could improve the condition and prog- nosis in patients with sepsis.展开更多
Metal-and metal-oxide-based nanoparticles have been widely exploited in cancer photodynamic therapy(PDT).Among these materials,cerium-based nanoparticles have drawn extensive attention due to their superior biosafety ...Metal-and metal-oxide-based nanoparticles have been widely exploited in cancer photodynamic therapy(PDT).Among these materials,cerium-based nanoparticles have drawn extensive attention due to their superior biosafety and distinctive physicochemical properties,especially the reversible transition between the valence states of Ce(Ⅲ)and Ce(Ⅳ).In this review,the recent advances in the use of cerium-based nanoparticles as novel photosensitizers for cancer PDT are discussed,and the activation mechanisms for electron transfer to generate singlet oxygen are presented.In addition,the types of cerium-based nanoparticles used for PDT of cancer are summarized.Finally,the challenges and prospects of clinical translations of cerium-based nanoparticles are briefly addressed.展开更多
Photodynamic antibacterial therapy shows great potential in bacterial infection and the reactive oxygen species(ROS)production of the photosensitizers is crucial for the therapeutic e®ect.Introducing heavy atoms ...Photodynamic antibacterial therapy shows great potential in bacterial infection and the reactive oxygen species(ROS)production of the photosensitizers is crucial for the therapeutic e®ect.Introducing heavy atoms is a common strategy to enhance photodynamic performance,while dark toxicity can be induced to impede further clinical application.Herein,a novel halogen-free photosensitizer Aza-BODIPY-BODIPY dyad NDB with an orthogonal molecular conguration was synthesized for photodynamic antibacterial therapy.The absorption and emission peaks of NDB photosensitizer in toluene were observed at 703 nm and 744 nm,respectively.The°uorescence(FL)lifetime was measured to be 2.8 ns in toluene.Under 730 nm laser illumination,the ROS generation capability of NDB was 3-fold higher than that of the commercial ICG.After nanoprecipitation,NDB NPs presented the advantages of high photothermal conversion e±ciency(39.1%),good photostability,and excellent biocompatibility.More importantly,in vitro antibacterial assay conrmed that the ROS and the heat generated by NDB NPs could extirpate methicillin-resistant S.aureus e®ectively upon exposure to 730 nm laser,suggesting the potential application of NDB NPs in photo-initiated antibacterial therapy.展开更多
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans.It causes a variety of infections ranging from superficial mucocutaneous conditions to severe systemic diseases that result in substantial morbidity and m...Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans.It causes a variety of infections ranging from superficial mucocutaneous conditions to severe systemic diseases that result in substantial morbidity and mortality.This pathogen frequently forms biofilms resistant to antifungal drugs and the host immune system,leading to treatment failures.Recent research has demonstrated the potential of nanorobots to penetrate biological barriers and disrupt fungal biofilms.In this perspective paper,we provide a brief overview of recent breakthroughs in nanorobots for candidiasis treatment and discuss current challenges and prospects.展开更多
BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Bacterial infections remain a significant public health threat.While antibiotics have mitigated their impact,overuse and misuse have driven the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria,compromisi...BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Bacterial infections remain a significant public health threat.While antibiotics have mitigated their impact,overuse and misuse have driven the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria,compromising treatment outcomes.Additionally,bacterial biofilms have further diminished the effectiveness of current antibiotics,underscoring the urgent need for new antibacterial therapies.Recent advancements in antibacterial nanoagents,show promise due to their unique physical and chemical properties.These nanoagents have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.展开更多
The specific mechanisms of N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)in castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)remain incompletely understood.Wilms'tumor 1 and pyruvate kinase M2-like protein(WTAP)serve as a major regulatory f...The specific mechanisms of N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)in castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)remain incompletely understood.Wilms'tumor 1 and pyruvate kinase M2-like protein(WTAP)serve as a major regulatory factor of m^(6)A.However,whether it regulates CRPC through m^(6)A mechanisms is unclear.This research revealed that WTAP stands out as a key regulator among m^(6)A factors,and considerably influences the development and behavior of CRPC.WTAP was downregulated in CRPC.A low WTAP expression predicts poor survival and a high WTAP promotes the flutamide drug sensitivity of CRPC cells.WTAP-modulated m^(6)A modification,which can be recognized by YTHDF2,contributes to the post-transcriptional inactivation of nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1(NR3C1).In vitro and in vivo experiments unveiled the key role of NR3C1,a rarely studied oncoprotein,in CRPC.The WTAP/YTHDF2/NR3C1 axis was actively involved in CRPC malignancy and the flutamide drug sensitivity of CRPC cells.The clinical correlation of WTAP,YTHDF2,and NR3C1 was further demonstrated in CRPC tissues and castration-dependent prostate cancer tissues.Our study uncovered a novel molecular mechanism by which the m^(6)A-induced WTAP/YTHDF2/NR3C1 axis promotes CRPC flutamide drug sensitivity.This finding suggests the potential of WTAP as a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target against flutamide drug sensitivity in CRPC.展开更多
Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),as a signaling molecule,plays a vital role in a wide variety of signaling transduction processes,aging,and diseases.However,the excessive production of H2O2 causes various diseases.Herein,we de...Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),as a signaling molecule,plays a vital role in a wide variety of signaling transduction processes,aging,and diseases.However,the excessive production of H2O2 causes various diseases.Herein,we develop a novel method for H2O2 detection in live cells via dark-field scattering spectroscopy with gold triangular nanoprisms(AuTNPs)as probes.The corners of AuTNPs would be gradually oxidatively etched by the strong coordination of Br•which is generated by enzymatic reactions in the presence of horseradish peroxidase(HRP),bromide ion and trace hydrogen peroxide.Benefitting from the morphological change,the single AuTNP based plasmonic nanoprobe shows notable blueshifts and scattering color changes which could be real-time monitored under the dark-field microscopy.The peak position in the scattering spectra of individual AuTNP blueshifts linearly with the increase of H2O2 concentration,and exhibits high sensitivity to H2O2 in a large range from 2.5 to 100µM with a low detection limit(LOD)of 0.74µM.Moreover,the experimental results were supported by the simulated results via the finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)method.The nanoprobes have been further used for intracellular H2O2 detection in live cells.Besides,the etching of AuTNP also provides an alternative method to design novel plasmonic logic chips and write-once plasmonic memories.展开更多
To the Editor:Unstable clinical conditions and complications make multiple laboratory tests and blood sampling inevitable in preterm infants,contributing to iatrogenic blood loss.Undoubtedly,iatrogenic blood loss is h...To the Editor:Unstable clinical conditions and complications make multiple laboratory tests and blood sampling inevitable in preterm infants,contributing to iatrogenic blood loss.Undoubtedly,iatrogenic blood loss is highly correlated with red blood cell transfusion(RBCT).A previous study on extremely low birth weight(BW)infants reported that the sampling blood loss was 30.0 mL/kg within the first week of life,leading to one or more RBCTs in 98%of patients.[1]RBCTs are increasingly reported to cause inflammatory responses and increase the incidence of preterm complications.Therefore,reducing iatrogenic blood loss could not only decrease the need for transfusions but also reduce the risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity.展开更多
Wound infection is a worldwide health issue that not only brings large detrimental effects to people’s physical and mental health,but also causes substantial economic burdens to society.By using traditional surgical ...Wound infection is a worldwide health issue that not only brings large detrimental effects to people’s physical and mental health,but also causes substantial economic burdens to society.By using traditional surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy,patients generally suffer more pain and are at risk of recurring infections.Thus,the development of non-antibiotic treatment methods is desperately needed.Currently,the emerging of flexible wound dressings with physiological signal detection,inactivated infectious pathogen,and wound-healing promoting properties has exhibited immense potential for the treatment of infected wound.Among various dressings,MXene‐based flexible electronic materials as wound dressings with special electroactive,mechanical,photophysical,and biological performances possess a broad application prospect in healthcare.In this review,the challenges of infected wound management are introduced.Next,the types of MXene-based flexible materials and wound infection features are outlined.Then the recent advance of MXene-based flexible materials for infected wound detection and treatment is summarized.Lastly,the predicaments,prospects,and future directions of MXene-based flexible materials for infected wound management are discussed.展开更多
Living tissues often have anisotropic and heterogeneous organizations, in which developmental processes are coordinated by cells and extracellular matrix modeling. Cells have the capability of modeling matrix in long ...Living tissues often have anisotropic and heterogeneous organizations, in which developmental processes are coordinated by cells and extracellular matrix modeling. Cells have the capability of modeling matrix in long distance;however, the biophysical mechanism is largely unknown. We investigated the dynamic remodeling of collagen I (COL) fibril matrix by cell contraction with designed patterns of cell clusters. By considering cell dynamic contractions, our molecular dynamics simulations predicted the anisotropic patterns of the observed COL bundling in experiments with various geometrical patterns without spatial limitation. The pattern of COL bundling was closely related to the dynamic remodeling of fibril under cell active contraction. We showed that cell cytoskeletal integrity (actin filaments and microtubules), actomyosin contractions, and endoplasmic reticulum calcium channels acting as force generations and transductions were essential for fiber bundling inductions, and membrane mechanosensory components integrin and Piezo played critical roles as well. This study revealed the underlying mechanisms of the cell mechanics-induced matrix remodeling in large scales and the associated cellular mechanism and should provide important guidelines for tissue engineering in potential biomedical applications.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of the periplaneta americana extract on the intestinal mucosal barrier and prognostic implications in patients with sepsis. METHODS： Sixty and six patients with sepsis were assigned randomly to treatment group （32 cases） and control group （32 cases）. The extractfrom periplaneta americana plus conventional medication for sepsis was administered to the treatment group, while the control group only received conventional treatment. The gastrointestinal function scores and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （APACHE 11 ） scores of all subjects were documented at baseline, at days 1, 3 and 7 after treatment respectively and their blood endotoxin was tested at the same time points as well. The incidence of death was recorded for both groups throughout the trial. RESULTS： At days 3 and 7 after treatment, gastrointestinal function score, APACHE II, and endotoxin level in treatment group wasbetter than that in con- trol group and the difference between them was significant （both P〈0~05）. Although the incidence of death in treatment group was less than that in control group, the difference between the two groups was not significant （P〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The extract of periplaneta ameri- cana had protective effect on intestinal mucosal barrier and could improve the condition and prog- nosis in patients with sepsis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(NNSF)of China(52103166 and 61935004)the Natural Science Foundation(NSF)of Jiangsu Province(BK20200710)+3 种基金Jiangsu Postdoctoral Science Foundation(51204087)NSF of Shandong Province(ZR2020KB018)Taishan Scholars"Construction Special Fund of Shandong Province,the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(202003N40448)the Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics No.2020WNLOKF022.
文摘Metal-and metal-oxide-based nanoparticles have been widely exploited in cancer photodynamic therapy(PDT).Among these materials,cerium-based nanoparticles have drawn extensive attention due to their superior biosafety and distinctive physicochemical properties,especially the reversible transition between the valence states of Ce(Ⅲ)and Ce(Ⅳ).In this review,the recent advances in the use of cerium-based nanoparticles as novel photosensitizers for cancer PDT are discussed,and the activation mechanisms for electron transfer to generate singlet oxygen are presented.In addition,the types of cerium-based nanoparticles used for PDT of cancer are summarized.Finally,the challenges and prospects of clinical translations of cerium-based nanoparticles are briefly addressed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation(52103166)the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200092,BK20200710)+1 种基金Jiangsu Postdoctoral Science Foundation(51204087)the Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics NO.2020WNLOKF022.
文摘Photodynamic antibacterial therapy shows great potential in bacterial infection and the reactive oxygen species(ROS)production of the photosensitizers is crucial for the therapeutic e®ect.Introducing heavy atoms is a common strategy to enhance photodynamic performance,while dark toxicity can be induced to impede further clinical application.Herein,a novel halogen-free photosensitizer Aza-BODIPY-BODIPY dyad NDB with an orthogonal molecular conguration was synthesized for photodynamic antibacterial therapy.The absorption and emission peaks of NDB photosensitizer in toluene were observed at 703 nm and 744 nm,respectively.The°uorescence(FL)lifetime was measured to be 2.8 ns in toluene.Under 730 nm laser illumination,the ROS generation capability of NDB was 3-fold higher than that of the commercial ICG.After nanoprecipitation,NDB NPs presented the advantages of high photothermal conversion e±ciency(39.1%),good photostability,and excellent biocompatibility.More importantly,in vitro antibacterial assay conrmed that the ROS and the heat generated by NDB NPs could extirpate methicillin-resistant S.aureus e®ectively upon exposure to 730 nm laser,suggesting the potential application of NDB NPs in photo-initiated antibacterial therapy.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230117)the Natural Science Research Project of Nanjing Polytechnic Institute(NJPI-2023-04)the Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province,and the National Medical Research Council of Singapore(OFIRG21jun-0058 and OFIRG23Jul-0077).
文摘Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans.It causes a variety of infections ranging from superficial mucocutaneous conditions to severe systemic diseases that result in substantial morbidity and mortality.This pathogen frequently forms biofilms resistant to antifungal drugs and the host immune system,leading to treatment failures.Recent research has demonstrated the potential of nanorobots to penetrate biological barriers and disrupt fungal biofilms.In this perspective paper,we provide a brief overview of recent breakthroughs in nanorobots for candidiasis treatment and discuss current challenges and prospects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82301104)theNatural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230117)+1 种基金the Natural Science Research Project of Nanjing Polytechnic Institute(NJPI-2023-04)the National Medical Research Council of Singapore(OFIRG21jun-0058 and OFIRG23Jul-0077).
文摘BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Bacterial infections remain a significant public health threat.While antibiotics have mitigated their impact,overuse and misuse have driven the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria,compromising treatment outcomes.Additionally,bacterial biofilms have further diminished the effectiveness of current antibiotics,underscoring the urgent need for new antibacterial therapies.Recent advancements in antibacterial nanoagents,show promise due to their unique physical and chemical properties.These nanoagents have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82160537)the Guangxi Key Research and Development Program(Guike AB22035027)+3 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2605400)the Outstanding Young Talents Training Program of Guangxi Medical Universitythe Youth Science Foundation of Guangxi Medical University(GXMUYSF202307)the support provided by the Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine in Guangxi,China。
文摘The specific mechanisms of N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)in castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)remain incompletely understood.Wilms'tumor 1 and pyruvate kinase M2-like protein(WTAP)serve as a major regulatory factor of m^(6)A.However,whether it regulates CRPC through m^(6)A mechanisms is unclear.This research revealed that WTAP stands out as a key regulator among m^(6)A factors,and considerably influences the development and behavior of CRPC.WTAP was downregulated in CRPC.A low WTAP expression predicts poor survival and a high WTAP promotes the flutamide drug sensitivity of CRPC cells.WTAP-modulated m^(6)A modification,which can be recognized by YTHDF2,contributes to the post-transcriptional inactivation of nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1(NR3C1).In vitro and in vivo experiments unveiled the key role of NR3C1,a rarely studied oncoprotein,in CRPC.The WTAP/YTHDF2/NR3C1 axis was actively involved in CRPC malignancy and the flutamide drug sensitivity of CRPC cells.The clinical correlation of WTAP,YTHDF2,and NR3C1 was further demonstrated in CRPC tissues and castration-dependent prostate cancer tissues.Our study uncovered a novel molecular mechanism by which the m^(6)A-induced WTAP/YTHDF2/NR3C1 axis promotes CRPC flutamide drug sensitivity.This finding suggests the potential of WTAP as a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target against flutamide drug sensitivity in CRPC.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0205302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61571239 and 21674048)+1 种基金Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(No.IRT_15R37)the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu(No.BE2018732).
文摘Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),as a signaling molecule,plays a vital role in a wide variety of signaling transduction processes,aging,and diseases.However,the excessive production of H2O2 causes various diseases.Herein,we develop a novel method for H2O2 detection in live cells via dark-field scattering spectroscopy with gold triangular nanoprisms(AuTNPs)as probes.The corners of AuTNPs would be gradually oxidatively etched by the strong coordination of Br•which is generated by enzymatic reactions in the presence of horseradish peroxidase(HRP),bromide ion and trace hydrogen peroxide.Benefitting from the morphological change,the single AuTNP based plasmonic nanoprobe shows notable blueshifts and scattering color changes which could be real-time monitored under the dark-field microscopy.The peak position in the scattering spectra of individual AuTNP blueshifts linearly with the increase of H2O2 concentration,and exhibits high sensitivity to H2O2 in a large range from 2.5 to 100µM with a low detection limit(LOD)of 0.74µM.Moreover,the experimental results were supported by the simulated results via the finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)method.The nanoprobes have been further used for intracellular H2O2 detection in live cells.Besides,the etching of AuTNP also provides an alternative method to design novel plasmonic logic chips and write-once plasmonic memories.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82271749 and 82171710).
文摘To the Editor:Unstable clinical conditions and complications make multiple laboratory tests and blood sampling inevitable in preterm infants,contributing to iatrogenic blood loss.Undoubtedly,iatrogenic blood loss is highly correlated with red blood cell transfusion(RBCT).A previous study on extremely low birth weight(BW)infants reported that the sampling blood loss was 30.0 mL/kg within the first week of life,leading to one or more RBCTs in 98%of patients.[1]RBCTs are increasingly reported to cause inflammatory responses and increase the incidence of preterm complications.Therefore,reducing iatrogenic blood loss could not only decrease the need for transfusions but also reduce the risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52103166)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230117)+1 种基金the open research fund of State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,the Natural Science Research Project of Nanjing Polytechnic Institute(NJPI-2023-04)the Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province.
文摘Wound infection is a worldwide health issue that not only brings large detrimental effects to people’s physical and mental health,but also causes substantial economic burdens to society.By using traditional surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy,patients generally suffer more pain and are at risk of recurring infections.Thus,the development of non-antibiotic treatment methods is desperately needed.Currently,the emerging of flexible wound dressings with physiological signal detection,inactivated infectious pathogen,and wound-healing promoting properties has exhibited immense potential for the treatment of infected wound.Among various dressings,MXene‐based flexible electronic materials as wound dressings with special electroactive,mechanical,photophysical,and biological performances possess a broad application prospect in healthcare.In this review,the challenges of infected wound management are introduced.Next,the types of MXene-based flexible materials and wound infection features are outlined.Then the recent advance of MXene-based flexible materials for infected wound detection and treatment is summarized.Lastly,the predicaments,prospects,and future directions of MXene-based flexible materials for infected wound management are discussed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 11872129 and 12372312)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20181416)+3 种基金Projects of“Jiangsu Specially-appointed Professor”and“Jiangsu six talent peaks(C)”(M.O.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11902051)(B.B.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11532003)(L.D.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11932017)(B.J.).
文摘Living tissues often have anisotropic and heterogeneous organizations, in which developmental processes are coordinated by cells and extracellular matrix modeling. Cells have the capability of modeling matrix in long distance;however, the biophysical mechanism is largely unknown. We investigated the dynamic remodeling of collagen I (COL) fibril matrix by cell contraction with designed patterns of cell clusters. By considering cell dynamic contractions, our molecular dynamics simulations predicted the anisotropic patterns of the observed COL bundling in experiments with various geometrical patterns without spatial limitation. The pattern of COL bundling was closely related to the dynamic remodeling of fibril under cell active contraction. We showed that cell cytoskeletal integrity (actin filaments and microtubules), actomyosin contractions, and endoplasmic reticulum calcium channels acting as force generations and transductions were essential for fiber bundling inductions, and membrane mechanosensory components integrin and Piezo played critical roles as well. This study revealed the underlying mechanisms of the cell mechanics-induced matrix remodeling in large scales and the associated cellular mechanism and should provide important guidelines for tissue engineering in potential biomedical applications.
