Objective This study aimed to explore the interplay between the life-course body mass index(BMI)trajectories and insulin resistance(IR)on incident diabetes.Methods This longitudinal cohort included 2,336 participants ...Objective This study aimed to explore the interplay between the life-course body mass index(BMI)trajectories and insulin resistance(IR)on incident diabetes.Methods This longitudinal cohort included 2,336 participants who had BMI repeatedly measured 3–8times between 1989 and 2009,as well as glucose and insulin measured in 2009.BMI trajectories were identified using a latent class growth mixed model.The interplay between BMI trajectories and IR on diabetes was explored using the four-way effect decomposition method.Logistic regression and mediation models were used to estimate the interaction and mediation effects,respectively.Results Three distinct BMI trajectory groups were identified:low-stable(n=1,625),mediumincreasing(n=613),and high-increasing(n=98).Both interaction and mediation effects of BMI trajectories and IR on incident diabetes were significant(P<0.05).The proportion of incident diabetes was higher in the IR-obesity than in the insulin-sensitivity(IS)obesity group(18.9%vs.5.8%,P<0.001).After adjusting for covariates,the odds ratios(95%confidence intervals)of the IR,IS-obesity,and IRobesity groups vs.the normal group were 3.22(2.05,5.16),2.05(1.00,3.97),and 7.98(5.19,12.62),respectively.IR mediated 10.7%of the total effect of BMI trajectories on incident diabetes(P<0.001).Conclusion We found strong interactions and weak mediation effects of IR on the relationship between life-course BMI trajectories and incident diabetes.IS-obesity is associated with a lower risk of incident diabetes than IR-obesity.展开更多
The rice industry in Wuchang City has the advantages of improved varieties,well-known brands,technology management practices,and also the disadvantages of low coverage of farmer associations,single product variety,low...The rice industry in Wuchang City has the advantages of improved varieties,well-known brands,technology management practices,and also the disadvantages of low coverage of farmer associations,single product variety,low level of deep processing and inefficient quality control.In this article,we analyze the current situation of the rice industry in Wuchang City,and point out some problems in the circulation system of Wuchang rice.Finally,we put forth the following recommendations:supporting the building of farmer associations and strengthening the farmers'bargaining power and status in the market;supporting the leading enterprises to develop many rice product varieties and improve the deep processing capacity;further improving the support service system.展开更多
Background:The relationship between socioeconomic status(SES)inequity and incident age-related macular degeneration(AMD)remains unclear.We aim to investigate whether low SES increases the risk of AMD and to explore th...Background:The relationship between socioeconomic status(SES)inequity and incident age-related macular degeneration(AMD)remains unclear.We aim to investigate whether low SES increases the risk of AMD and to explore the effect of a healthy lifestyle on this association.Methods:This prospective cohort study included 316,663 UK Biobank individuals.SES inequity was identiffed via latent class analysis using education,household income,and occupational status.Healthy lifestyle score was calculated based on smoking,alcohol drinking,and physical activity(PA).Incident AMD was deffned according to diagnosis records.Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the relationship of low SES and AMD.Interrelationships of healthy lifestyle score on SES–AMD association were explored,including modiffcation,mediation,and joint effects.Results:During the average 12.2 years of follow-up,6,355 AMD cases were diagnosed.Participants with medium SES(hazard ratio:1.10[95%conffdence interval(CI)1.01 to 1.21])and low SES(hazard ratio:1.22[95%CI 1.11 to 1.34])had an increased risk of incident AMD compared to participants with high SES.PA signiffcantly affected this association.Moreover,the association between low SES and AMD was signiffcantly mediated(11.3%,95%CI:6.56 to 23.0)by smoking.Similarly,alcohol drinking suppressed(9.59%,95%CI:4.00 to 23.2)the association between high SES and AMD.Besides,a signiffcant joint effect of SES and healthy lifestyle score was found.Conclusions:We provide further evidence for the relationship of socioeconomic inequity,healthy lifestyle,and incident AMD.Future public health strategies should aim to reduce socioeconomic inequity to prevent AMD.展开更多
Evidence regarding the impact of ozone on age-related macular degeneration(AMD)remains limited.We conducted a nationwide cohort analysis of 27,923 participants in China,along with a random control animal toxicological...Evidence regarding the impact of ozone on age-related macular degeneration(AMD)remains limited.We conducted a nationwide cohort analysis of 27,923 participants in China,along with a random control animal toxicological study,to elucidate the temporal relationship between ozone exposure and AMD as well as the underlying biological explanation.In the population study,5,149 participants were diagnosed with incident AMD during a 348,701 person-month follow-up.The participants were divided into low-,medium-,and high-exposure groups.Fully adjusted Cox regression models showed that the risk of AMD increased by 28%for the medium-and 101%for the high-exposure groups relative to the low-exposure group(p for trend<0.001).The exposure-response curves exhibited a J-shaped trend.Sensitivity analyses confirmed these results,revealing stronger associations among participants older than 65 years old and those living in rural or northern China.In the toxicological study,the mice were randomized to inhale ozone or filtered air,and those exposed to ozone had photoreceptor damage and vision impairment,which are hallmarks of AMD.We further clarified that ozone exposure contributes to AMD by activating systemic inflammation and detailing how external air-pollutant-induced inflammation factors reach the retina,which is the innermost layer of the eye,and cause retinal disease.Our comprehensive studies provide key evidence on the temporal relationship between ozone exposure and increased AMD risk,suggesting the visual health benefits of collaboratively enforcing necessary ozone pollution control policies,especially in regions with high ozone concentrations,within the context of a globally aging population.展开更多
基金supported by Grant 82222064 from the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Shandong University Distinguished Young Scholars。
文摘Objective This study aimed to explore the interplay between the life-course body mass index(BMI)trajectories and insulin resistance(IR)on incident diabetes.Methods This longitudinal cohort included 2,336 participants who had BMI repeatedly measured 3–8times between 1989 and 2009,as well as glucose and insulin measured in 2009.BMI trajectories were identified using a latent class growth mixed model.The interplay between BMI trajectories and IR on diabetes was explored using the four-way effect decomposition method.Logistic regression and mediation models were used to estimate the interaction and mediation effects,respectively.Results Three distinct BMI trajectory groups were identified:low-stable(n=1,625),mediumincreasing(n=613),and high-increasing(n=98).Both interaction and mediation effects of BMI trajectories and IR on incident diabetes were significant(P<0.05).The proportion of incident diabetes was higher in the IR-obesity than in the insulin-sensitivity(IS)obesity group(18.9%vs.5.8%,P<0.001).After adjusting for covariates,the odds ratios(95%confidence intervals)of the IR,IS-obesity,and IRobesity groups vs.the normal group were 3.22(2.05,5.16),2.05(1.00,3.97),and 7.98(5.19,12.62),respectively.IR mediated 10.7%of the total effect of BMI trajectories on incident diabetes(P<0.001).Conclusion We found strong interactions and weak mediation effects of IR on the relationship between life-course BMI trajectories and incident diabetes.IS-obesity is associated with a lower risk of incident diabetes than IR-obesity.
文摘The rice industry in Wuchang City has the advantages of improved varieties,well-known brands,technology management practices,and also the disadvantages of low coverage of farmer associations,single product variety,low level of deep processing and inefficient quality control.In this article,we analyze the current situation of the rice industry in Wuchang City,and point out some problems in the circulation system of Wuchang rice.Finally,we put forth the following recommendations:supporting the building of farmer associations and strengthening the farmers'bargaining power and status in the market;supporting the leading enterprises to develop many rice product varieties and improve the deep processing capacity;further improving the support service system.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant 2022YFC2502800)Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(grant GWVI-11.2-XD18)+2 种基金Shanghai Hospital Development Center(grant SHDC2023CRS032)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants 82173613 and 82373681)Scientiffc Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(grant 202140018).
文摘Background:The relationship between socioeconomic status(SES)inequity and incident age-related macular degeneration(AMD)remains unclear.We aim to investigate whether low SES increases the risk of AMD and to explore the effect of a healthy lifestyle on this association.Methods:This prospective cohort study included 316,663 UK Biobank individuals.SES inequity was identiffed via latent class analysis using education,household income,and occupational status.Healthy lifestyle score was calculated based on smoking,alcohol drinking,and physical activity(PA).Incident AMD was deffned according to diagnosis records.Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the relationship of low SES and AMD.Interrelationships of healthy lifestyle score on SES–AMD association were explored,including modiffcation,mediation,and joint effects.Results:During the average 12.2 years of follow-up,6,355 AMD cases were diagnosed.Participants with medium SES(hazard ratio:1.10[95%conffdence interval(CI)1.01 to 1.21])and low SES(hazard ratio:1.22[95%CI 1.11 to 1.34])had an increased risk of incident AMD compared to participants with high SES.PA signiffcantly affected this association.Moreover,the association between low SES and AMD was signiffcantly mediated(11.3%,95%CI:6.56 to 23.0)by smoking.Similarly,alcohol drinking suppressed(9.59%,95%CI:4.00 to 23.2)the association between high SES and AMD.Besides,a signiffcant joint effect of SES and healthy lifestyle score was found.Conclusions:We provide further evidence for the relationship of socioeconomic inequity,healthy lifestyle,and incident AMD.Future public health strategies should aim to reduce socioeconomic inequity to prevent AMD.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Programof China(2022YFC2502800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82388101,82471130,82173613,and 82373681)+1 种基金the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(GWVI-11.2-XD18)the Shanghai Hospital Development Centre(SHDC2023CRS032).
文摘Evidence regarding the impact of ozone on age-related macular degeneration(AMD)remains limited.We conducted a nationwide cohort analysis of 27,923 participants in China,along with a random control animal toxicological study,to elucidate the temporal relationship between ozone exposure and AMD as well as the underlying biological explanation.In the population study,5,149 participants were diagnosed with incident AMD during a 348,701 person-month follow-up.The participants were divided into low-,medium-,and high-exposure groups.Fully adjusted Cox regression models showed that the risk of AMD increased by 28%for the medium-and 101%for the high-exposure groups relative to the low-exposure group(p for trend<0.001).The exposure-response curves exhibited a J-shaped trend.Sensitivity analyses confirmed these results,revealing stronger associations among participants older than 65 years old and those living in rural or northern China.In the toxicological study,the mice were randomized to inhale ozone or filtered air,and those exposed to ozone had photoreceptor damage and vision impairment,which are hallmarks of AMD.We further clarified that ozone exposure contributes to AMD by activating systemic inflammation and detailing how external air-pollutant-induced inflammation factors reach the retina,which is the innermost layer of the eye,and cause retinal disease.Our comprehensive studies provide key evidence on the temporal relationship between ozone exposure and increased AMD risk,suggesting the visual health benefits of collaboratively enforcing necessary ozone pollution control policies,especially in regions with high ozone concentrations,within the context of a globally aging population.
