Worldwide, approximately 27 million ha of rice are grown in upland rather than paddy fields, and is subject to drought stress. To counter this stress, it is desirable to breed new rice cultivars with improved drought ...Worldwide, approximately 27 million ha of rice are grown in upland rather than paddy fields, and is subject to drought stress. To counter this stress, it is desirable to breed new rice cultivars with improved drought tolerance. For breeding purposes, especially for breeding upland rice, it is desirable to develop a simple and accurate method to evaluate rice drought tolerance. We describe a new method that can be used to evaluate efficiently the drought tolerance degree(DTD) of upland rice cultivars, and call it the DTD method.DTD is defined as the mean of the ratios of green leaf length to total leaf length of the top three leaves in every rice seedling after drought treatment, and thus takes values from zero to one. To test whether the DTD method works effectively to evaluate drought tolerance of upland rice cultivars, we determined the DTD values of 13 upland rice cultivars showing varying degrees of drought tolerance in drought-tolerance trials. The idrl-1 mutant, which displayed the strongest drought tolerance of the 13 cultivars as identified by drought-tolerance trials under severe drought stress, had the highest DTD value and297-28, displaying the weakest drought tolerance, had the lowest DTD value. Further analyses of water potential, survival rate, panicles per plant, spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate, yield per plant, and contents of proline, chlorophyll, and malondialdehyde(MDA) indicated that DTD values are in general correlated with the values of these traits,making this new method useful for assessing the drought tolerance of upland rice cultivars.These results show that the DTD method is a simple, direct and relatively accurate evaluation method for drought-tolerance breeding of upland rice.展开更多
Liquid crystal monomers(LCMs)are synthetically produced organic compounds widely used in liquid crystal displays(LCDs)and have recently emerged as a significant environmental concern.Characterized by environmental per...Liquid crystal monomers(LCMs)are synthetically produced organic compounds widely used in liquid crystal displays(LCDs)and have recently emerged as a significant environmental concern.Characterized by environmental persistence,bioaccumulation,toxicity,and long-range transport,LCMs are now recognized as emerging contaminants with the potential to pose serious ecological and human health risks.In recent years,as the researches grows increasingly,LCMs have been confirmed to be ubiquitous in a variety of environmental media and biological samples worldwide.This has led to more research on the toxicology,environmental behavior and environmental governance of LCMs.However,due to the ambiguity of contamination levels and environmental distribution,there remains a substantial gap in data on the human health impacts of LCMs exposure.This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent literature on LCMs,with a particular focus on their environmental distribution,biological toxicity,bioaccumulation pathways,potential health risks,as well as advances in sample pretreatment and detection technologies.We also discuss key challenges and future research directions in reducing LCMs environmental release and improving detection technologies,highlighting the necessity of interdisciplinary approaches to better assess and mitigate the risks of LCMs.This review provides critical insights into the ecotoxicology,health effect,and detection of LCM pollution.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100600)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (KYTZ201402, KYRC201409) to H.La
文摘Worldwide, approximately 27 million ha of rice are grown in upland rather than paddy fields, and is subject to drought stress. To counter this stress, it is desirable to breed new rice cultivars with improved drought tolerance. For breeding purposes, especially for breeding upland rice, it is desirable to develop a simple and accurate method to evaluate rice drought tolerance. We describe a new method that can be used to evaluate efficiently the drought tolerance degree(DTD) of upland rice cultivars, and call it the DTD method.DTD is defined as the mean of the ratios of green leaf length to total leaf length of the top three leaves in every rice seedling after drought treatment, and thus takes values from zero to one. To test whether the DTD method works effectively to evaluate drought tolerance of upland rice cultivars, we determined the DTD values of 13 upland rice cultivars showing varying degrees of drought tolerance in drought-tolerance trials. The idrl-1 mutant, which displayed the strongest drought tolerance of the 13 cultivars as identified by drought-tolerance trials under severe drought stress, had the highest DTD value and297-28, displaying the weakest drought tolerance, had the lowest DTD value. Further analyses of water potential, survival rate, panicles per plant, spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate, yield per plant, and contents of proline, chlorophyll, and malondialdehyde(MDA) indicated that DTD values are in general correlated with the values of these traits,making this new method useful for assessing the drought tolerance of upland rice cultivars.These results show that the DTD method is a simple, direct and relatively accurate evaluation method for drought-tolerance breeding of upland rice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82373634,21974148)the Innovation Team Program of Hebei University(IT2023A06)+1 种基金Hebei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Ecological Environment Monitoring(HBMREEM202401)Postgraduate’s Innovation Found Project of Hebei Province(CXZZBS2023006).
文摘Liquid crystal monomers(LCMs)are synthetically produced organic compounds widely used in liquid crystal displays(LCDs)and have recently emerged as a significant environmental concern.Characterized by environmental persistence,bioaccumulation,toxicity,and long-range transport,LCMs are now recognized as emerging contaminants with the potential to pose serious ecological and human health risks.In recent years,as the researches grows increasingly,LCMs have been confirmed to be ubiquitous in a variety of environmental media and biological samples worldwide.This has led to more research on the toxicology,environmental behavior and environmental governance of LCMs.However,due to the ambiguity of contamination levels and environmental distribution,there remains a substantial gap in data on the human health impacts of LCMs exposure.This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent literature on LCMs,with a particular focus on their environmental distribution,biological toxicity,bioaccumulation pathways,potential health risks,as well as advances in sample pretreatment and detection technologies.We also discuss key challenges and future research directions in reducing LCMs environmental release and improving detection technologies,highlighting the necessity of interdisciplinary approaches to better assess and mitigate the risks of LCMs.This review provides critical insights into the ecotoxicology,health effect,and detection of LCM pollution.
