Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is a life-threatening tick-borne disease characterized by cytokine dysregulation and immune-mediated hyperinflammation.This multicenter retrospective study analyzed the...Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is a life-threatening tick-borne disease characterized by cytokine dysregulation and immune-mediated hyperinflammation.This multicenter retrospective study analyzed the dynamics of 17 cytokines across acute and recovery phases using 287 serum samples collected between 2010 and 2023 from high-incidence regions of China,evaluating their associations with disease severity,sex,age,and antibody responses.The results demonstrated that elevations of interleukin(IL)-6,interferon(IFN)-α,IL-8,and IFN-γ-induced protein 10(IP-10)during the acute phase were associated with hyperinflammation,while IL-10 balanced inflammatory control and may have contributed to viral persistence.During recovery,most cytokines declined;however,IL-8 and IP-10 remained elevated longer in some patients,reflecting heterogeneity in recovery trajectories.Severe cases exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-10,IFN-γ,IL-6,IFN-α,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,IL-8,and IP-10,underscoring their potential as biomarkers for disease severity prediction.Sex-based differences revealed higher IFN-γand IL-8 levels in females,potentially due to hormonal and genetic factors,while older patients exhibited elevated IL-10,IFN-γ,and IFN-α,reflecting immune dysregulation and age-related shifts in adaptive immunity.Correlation analysis revealed distinct immune response patterns,with IL-10 strongly correlating with IFN-γand minimal antibody-cytokine associations observed during the acute phase.In contrast,in the recovery phase,immunoglobulin G(IgG)negatively correlated with IL-10,IFN-γ,and IP-10,and immunoglobulin M(IgM)positively correlated with IL-10,IFN-γ,IL-6,IFN-α,TNF-α,IL-8,and IP-10,reflecting dynamic immune regulation and the interplay between humoral and cellular immunity.These findings provide critical insights into the immunopathogenesis of SFTS,supporting the development of cytokine-targeted therapies and advanced diagnostic tools to improve clinical outcomes.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is a serious tick-borne disease in East Asia with high mortality,particularly affecting the elderly.Since its discovery in 2010,i...What is already known about this topic?Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is a serious tick-borne disease in East Asia with high mortality,particularly affecting the elderly.Since its discovery in 2010,inconsistencies in small-scale studies and the lack of decade-long research on antibody levels in large population samples after natural infection,along with the absence of an effective vaccine,highlight the need for large-scale,long-term data in highincidence regions of China.What is added by this report?This study of 1,410 serum samples from SFTS patients in high-incidence regions of China reveals that immunoglobulin M(IgM)levels peak at 8–14 days post-infection,declining to nearly undetectable levels by 180 days.Immunoglobulin G(IgG)and neutralizing antibodies(NAb)levels peak at 22–180 days,persisting up to 10 years.IgM levels correlate with viral load and various immune and coagulation parameters,with lower levels observed in fatal cases.During convalescence,elderly patients have lower IgG levels,whereas females exhibit higher IgG levels compared with males.What are the implications for public health practice?The study’s findings on long-term antibody dynamics in SFTS patients can significantly improve vaccine development,optimize therapy scheduling,inform public health policies,and enhance diagnostic tools,leading to better disease management and prevention in high-incidence areas.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Mucosal IgA plays a crucial role in host immunity against respiratory viruses.Recent studies suggest that it has the potential to mitigate the transmission of the severe acute re...What is already known about this topic?Mucosal IgA plays a crucial role in host immunity against respiratory viruses.Recent studies suggest that it has the potential to mitigate the transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Omicron variant.However,a comprehensive population-based analysis examining mucosal IgA levels following the winter 2022 wave of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is yet to be conducted.What is added by this report?In our study involving 3,421 participants,we documented IgA responses subsequent to SARS-CoV-2 infection.A significant proportion of individuals sustained increased levels of IgA for over six months.These levels were also observed in individuals with prior infections who underwent asymptomatic reinfections,indicating an active production of IgA antibodies.Further,individuals with multiple vaccinations or severe symptoms tended to display elevated IgA levels after recovery.What are the implications for public health practice?IgA in the nasal mucosa is crucial for defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection.These insights can enhance our knowledge of immune responses following infection and have provided certain reference values for disease prevention and control strategies.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(ZDYF-2022YFC2303402)the Young Scientists Fund of China CDC(CCDC-2022A104)+1 种基金the National Major Science and Technology Project of China(2018ZX10711001)the Peak Discipline Project of Anhui Medical University(Collaborative Education Innovation Project,2024GWXTYRZ002).
文摘Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is a life-threatening tick-borne disease characterized by cytokine dysregulation and immune-mediated hyperinflammation.This multicenter retrospective study analyzed the dynamics of 17 cytokines across acute and recovery phases using 287 serum samples collected between 2010 and 2023 from high-incidence regions of China,evaluating their associations with disease severity,sex,age,and antibody responses.The results demonstrated that elevations of interleukin(IL)-6,interferon(IFN)-α,IL-8,and IFN-γ-induced protein 10(IP-10)during the acute phase were associated with hyperinflammation,while IL-10 balanced inflammatory control and may have contributed to viral persistence.During recovery,most cytokines declined;however,IL-8 and IP-10 remained elevated longer in some patients,reflecting heterogeneity in recovery trajectories.Severe cases exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-10,IFN-γ,IL-6,IFN-α,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,IL-8,and IP-10,underscoring their potential as biomarkers for disease severity prediction.Sex-based differences revealed higher IFN-γand IL-8 levels in females,potentially due to hormonal and genetic factors,while older patients exhibited elevated IL-10,IFN-γ,and IFN-α,reflecting immune dysregulation and age-related shifts in adaptive immunity.Correlation analysis revealed distinct immune response patterns,with IL-10 strongly correlating with IFN-γand minimal antibody-cytokine associations observed during the acute phase.In contrast,in the recovery phase,immunoglobulin G(IgG)negatively correlated with IL-10,IFN-γ,and IP-10,and immunoglobulin M(IgM)positively correlated with IL-10,IFN-γ,IL-6,IFN-α,TNF-α,IL-8,and IP-10,reflecting dynamic immune regulation and the interplay between humoral and cellular immunity.These findings provide critical insights into the immunopathogenesis of SFTS,supporting the development of cytokine-targeted therapies and advanced diagnostic tools to improve clinical outcomes.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(ZDYF-2022YFC2303402)the Young Scientists Fund of China CDC(CCDC-2022A104)the National Major Science and Technology Project of China(2018ZX10711001).
文摘What is already known about this topic?Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is a serious tick-borne disease in East Asia with high mortality,particularly affecting the elderly.Since its discovery in 2010,inconsistencies in small-scale studies and the lack of decade-long research on antibody levels in large population samples after natural infection,along with the absence of an effective vaccine,highlight the need for large-scale,long-term data in highincidence regions of China.What is added by this report?This study of 1,410 serum samples from SFTS patients in high-incidence regions of China reveals that immunoglobulin M(IgM)levels peak at 8–14 days post-infection,declining to nearly undetectable levels by 180 days.Immunoglobulin G(IgG)and neutralizing antibodies(NAb)levels peak at 22–180 days,persisting up to 10 years.IgM levels correlate with viral load and various immune and coagulation parameters,with lower levels observed in fatal cases.During convalescence,elderly patients have lower IgG levels,whereas females exhibit higher IgG levels compared with males.What are the implications for public health practice?The study’s findings on long-term antibody dynamics in SFTS patients can significantly improve vaccine development,optimize therapy scheduling,inform public health policies,and enhance diagnostic tools,leading to better disease management and prevention in high-incidence areas.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82341034).
文摘What is already known about this topic?Mucosal IgA plays a crucial role in host immunity against respiratory viruses.Recent studies suggest that it has the potential to mitigate the transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Omicron variant.However,a comprehensive population-based analysis examining mucosal IgA levels following the winter 2022 wave of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is yet to be conducted.What is added by this report?In our study involving 3,421 participants,we documented IgA responses subsequent to SARS-CoV-2 infection.A significant proportion of individuals sustained increased levels of IgA for over six months.These levels were also observed in individuals with prior infections who underwent asymptomatic reinfections,indicating an active production of IgA antibodies.Further,individuals with multiple vaccinations or severe symptoms tended to display elevated IgA levels after recovery.What are the implications for public health practice?IgA in the nasal mucosa is crucial for defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection.These insights can enhance our knowledge of immune responses following infection and have provided certain reference values for disease prevention and control strategies.
