Aqueous Zinc-metal batteries(AZBs)hold great promise for energy storage applications,yet their practical deployment is hindered by challenges such as dendrite formation and parasitic side reactions at the Zn anode.Her...Aqueous Zinc-metal batteries(AZBs)hold great promise for energy storage applications,yet their practical deployment is hindered by challenges such as dendrite formation and parasitic side reactions at the Zn anode.Herein,we developed a three-dimensional Cu-coated flexible host via an electroless plating strategy on cotton cloth(Cu@CT).This design effectively homogenizes the local current density,spatially regulates Zn-ion flux,and accommodates substantial volume changes during cycling.Additionally,the zincophilic Cu coating facilitates Zn nucleation and deposition by forming Cu-Zn alloys,which reduce the Zn nucleation overpotential and promote uniform Zn plating.As a result,the Cu@CT based anode exhibits highly reversible Zn plating/stripping behavior with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.58%over 800 cycles,accompanied by low polarization and dendrite-free behavior.Moreover,the Zn-I2 full cell demonstrates excellent rate capability,delivering a discharge capacity of 114 mA h g^(-1) at 10 A g^(-1),along with stable long-term cycling performance over 950 cycles.The electroless plating strategy may represent a promising pathway for advancing high-performance AZBs.展开更多
Organohydrogel-based strain sensors are gaining attention for real-time health services and human-machine interactions due to their flexibility,stretchability,and skin-like compliance.However,these sensors often have ...Organohydrogel-based strain sensors are gaining attention for real-time health services and human-machine interactions due to their flexibility,stretchability,and skin-like compliance.However,these sensors often have limited sensitivity and poor stability due to their bulk structure and strain concentration during stretching.In this study,we designed and fabricated diamond-,grid-,and peanut-shaped organohydrogel based on positive,near-zero,and negative Poisson’s ratios using digital light processing(DLP)-based 3D printing technology.Through structural design and optimization,the grid-shaped organohydrogel exhibited record sensitivity with gauge factors of 4.5(0–200%strain,ionic mode)and 13.5/1.5×10^(6)(0-2%/2%-100%strain,electronic mode),alongside full resistance recovery for enhanced stability.The 3D-printed grid structure enabled direct wearability and breathability,overcoming traditional sensor limitations.Integrated with a robotic hand system,this sensor demonstrated clinical potential through precise monitoring of paralyzed patients’grasping movements(with a minimum monitoring angle of 5°).This structural design paradigm advanced flexible electronics by synergizing high sensitivity,stability,wearability,and breathability for healthcare,and human-machine interfaces.展开更多
Aprotic lithium-air batteries(LABs)have been known as the holy grail of energy storage systems due to their extremely high energy density.However,their real-world application is still hindered by the great challenges ...Aprotic lithium-air batteries(LABs)have been known as the holy grail of energy storage systems due to their extremely high energy density.However,their real-world application is still hindered by the great challenges from the Li anode side,like dendrite growth and corrosion reactions,thus a pure oxygen atmosphere is usually adopted to prolong the lifetime of LABs,which is a major obstacle to fully liberate the energy density advantages of LABs.Here,a gel polymer electrolyte has been designed through in-situ polymerization of 1,3-dioxolane(DOL)by utilizing the unique semi-open nature of LABs to protect the Li anode to conquer its shortcomings,enabling the high-performance running of LABs in the ambient air.Unlike common liquid electrolytes,the in-situ formed gel polymer electrolyte could facilitate constructing a gradient SEl film with the gradual decrease of organic components from top to bottom,preventing the Li anode from dendrite growth and air-induced corrosion reactions and thus realizing durable Li repeated plating/stripping(2000h).Benefiting from the anode protection effects of the gradient SEI film,the LABs display a long lifetime of 17o cycles,paving an avenue for practical,long-term,and high-efficiency operation of LABs.展开更多
In this work,air plasma surface treatment followed by oxidation in an atmospheric environment was used to generate activated low-density polyethylene(LDPE)with oxygen-containing functional groups and peroxide radicals...In this work,air plasma surface treatment followed by oxidation in an atmospheric environment was used to generate activated low-density polyethylene(LDPE)with oxygen-containing functional groups and peroxide radicals.The resulting samples were then studied by using attenuated total internal reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method.Peroxide radicals are generally considered active substances which can initiate the crosslinking reaction.Melt mixing of the surface-treated LDPE allowed activated polymer chains with peroxide radicals to initiate the crosslinking reaction,and the maximum gel fraction obtained was 4.1%.The rheological behaviors,including viscosity,storage and loss moduli,loss tangent,and Cole-Cole plots,of the slightly crosslinked LDPE were studied,and the results of tensile experiments revealed that the formation of slightly crosslinked structures can improve yield and fracture stresses without sacrificing the breakage strain.展开更多
Li-O_(2) batteries with extremely high specific energy density have been regarded as a kind of promising successor to current Li-ion batteries.However,the high charge overpotential for the decomposition of Li_(2)O_(2)...Li-O_(2) batteries with extremely high specific energy density have been regarded as a kind of promising successor to current Li-ion batteries.However,the high charge overpotential for the decomposition of Li_(2)O_(2) discharge product reduces the energy efficiency and triggers a series of side reactions that cause the Li-O_(2) batteries to have a limited lifetime.Herein,Co-doped C_(3)N_(4)(Co-C_(3)N_(4))photocatalysts were designed by an in situ thermal evaporation method to take advantage of the photo-assisted charging technology to conquer the shortcomings of Li-O_(2) batteries encountered in the charge process.Different from the commonly used photocatalysts,the Co-C_(3)N_(4) photocatalysts perform well no matter with and without illumination,owing to the Co doping induced conductivity and electrocatalytic ability enhancement.This makes the Co-C_(3)N_(4) reduce the charge and discharge overpotentials and improve the cycling performance of Li-O_(2) batteries(from 20 to 106 cycles)without illumination.While introducing illumination,the performance can be further improved:Charge voltage reduces to 3.3 V,and the energy efficiency increases to 84.84%,indicating that the Co-C_(3)N_(4) could behave as a suitable photocathode for Li-O_(2) batteries.Besides,the low charge voltage and the continuous illumination together weaken the corrosion of the Li anode,making the long-term high-efficiency operation of Li-O_(2) batteries no longer just extravagant hope.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52301285,52173091,and 22208331)Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau(2024040801020319)Department of Science and Technology of Hubei Province(2021CSA076).
文摘Aqueous Zinc-metal batteries(AZBs)hold great promise for energy storage applications,yet their practical deployment is hindered by challenges such as dendrite formation and parasitic side reactions at the Zn anode.Herein,we developed a three-dimensional Cu-coated flexible host via an electroless plating strategy on cotton cloth(Cu@CT).This design effectively homogenizes the local current density,spatially regulates Zn-ion flux,and accommodates substantial volume changes during cycling.Additionally,the zincophilic Cu coating facilitates Zn nucleation and deposition by forming Cu-Zn alloys,which reduce the Zn nucleation overpotential and promote uniform Zn plating.As a result,the Cu@CT based anode exhibits highly reversible Zn plating/stripping behavior with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.58%over 800 cycles,accompanied by low polarization and dendrite-free behavior.Moreover,the Zn-I2 full cell demonstrates excellent rate capability,delivering a discharge capacity of 114 mA h g^(-1) at 10 A g^(-1),along with stable long-term cycling performance over 950 cycles.The electroless plating strategy may represent a promising pathway for advancing high-performance AZBs.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFE0197100, 2023YFB4603500)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission (KQTD20190929172505711)+1 种基金supported by MOE SUTD Kickstarter initiative (SKI2021_02_16)Singapore Ministry of Education academic research grant Tier 2 (MOE-T2EP50121-0007).
文摘Organohydrogel-based strain sensors are gaining attention for real-time health services and human-machine interactions due to their flexibility,stretchability,and skin-like compliance.However,these sensors often have limited sensitivity and poor stability due to their bulk structure and strain concentration during stretching.In this study,we designed and fabricated diamond-,grid-,and peanut-shaped organohydrogel based on positive,near-zero,and negative Poisson’s ratios using digital light processing(DLP)-based 3D printing technology.Through structural design and optimization,the grid-shaped organohydrogel exhibited record sensitivity with gauge factors of 4.5(0–200%strain,ionic mode)and 13.5/1.5×10^(6)(0-2%/2%-100%strain,electronic mode),alongside full resistance recovery for enhanced stability.The 3D-printed grid structure enabled direct wearability and breathability,overcoming traditional sensor limitations.Integrated with a robotic hand system,this sensor demonstrated clinical potential through precise monitoring of paralyzed patients’grasping movements(with a minimum monitoring angle of 5°).This structural design paradigm advanced flexible electronics by synergizing high sensitivity,stability,wearability,and breathability for healthcare,and human-machine interfaces.
基金supports from the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2020YFE0204500 and 2021YFF0500600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52171194 and 52271140)+2 种基金CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(No.YSBR-058)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.2020230 and 2021223)Changchun Science and Technology Development Plan Funding Project(No.21ZY06).
文摘Aprotic lithium-air batteries(LABs)have been known as the holy grail of energy storage systems due to their extremely high energy density.However,their real-world application is still hindered by the great challenges from the Li anode side,like dendrite growth and corrosion reactions,thus a pure oxygen atmosphere is usually adopted to prolong the lifetime of LABs,which is a major obstacle to fully liberate the energy density advantages of LABs.Here,a gel polymer electrolyte has been designed through in-situ polymerization of 1,3-dioxolane(DOL)by utilizing the unique semi-open nature of LABs to protect the Li anode to conquer its shortcomings,enabling the high-performance running of LABs in the ambient air.Unlike common liquid electrolytes,the in-situ formed gel polymer electrolyte could facilitate constructing a gradient SEl film with the gradual decrease of organic components from top to bottom,preventing the Li anode from dendrite growth and air-induced corrosion reactions and thus realizing durable Li repeated plating/stripping(2000h).Benefiting from the anode protection effects of the gradient SEI film,the LABs display a long lifetime of 17o cycles,paving an avenue for practical,long-term,and high-efficiency operation of LABs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51473113)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (No.12JCYBJC11900)
文摘In this work,air plasma surface treatment followed by oxidation in an atmospheric environment was used to generate activated low-density polyethylene(LDPE)with oxygen-containing functional groups and peroxide radicals.The resulting samples were then studied by using attenuated total internal reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method.Peroxide radicals are generally considered active substances which can initiate the crosslinking reaction.Melt mixing of the surface-treated LDPE allowed activated polymer chains with peroxide radicals to initiate the crosslinking reaction,and the maximum gel fraction obtained was 4.1%.The rheological behaviors,including viscosity,storage and loss moduli,loss tangent,and Cole-Cole plots,of the slightly crosslinked LDPE were studied,and the results of tensile experiments revealed that the formation of slightly crosslinked structures can improve yield and fracture stresses without sacrificing the breakage strain.
基金the National Key Research and Development(R&D)Program of China(No.2017YFE0198100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21725103)+2 种基金Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.ZDRW-CN-2021-3)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2020230)Changchun Science and Technology Development Plan Funding Project(No.21ZY06).
文摘Li-O_(2) batteries with extremely high specific energy density have been regarded as a kind of promising successor to current Li-ion batteries.However,the high charge overpotential for the decomposition of Li_(2)O_(2) discharge product reduces the energy efficiency and triggers a series of side reactions that cause the Li-O_(2) batteries to have a limited lifetime.Herein,Co-doped C_(3)N_(4)(Co-C_(3)N_(4))photocatalysts were designed by an in situ thermal evaporation method to take advantage of the photo-assisted charging technology to conquer the shortcomings of Li-O_(2) batteries encountered in the charge process.Different from the commonly used photocatalysts,the Co-C_(3)N_(4) photocatalysts perform well no matter with and without illumination,owing to the Co doping induced conductivity and electrocatalytic ability enhancement.This makes the Co-C_(3)N_(4) reduce the charge and discharge overpotentials and improve the cycling performance of Li-O_(2) batteries(from 20 to 106 cycles)without illumination.While introducing illumination,the performance can be further improved:Charge voltage reduces to 3.3 V,and the energy efficiency increases to 84.84%,indicating that the Co-C_(3)N_(4) could behave as a suitable photocathode for Li-O_(2) batteries.Besides,the low charge voltage and the continuous illumination together weaken the corrosion of the Li anode,making the long-term high-efficiency operation of Li-O_(2) batteries no longer just extravagant hope.
