Integrated environmental management is important for sustainable development.Under China’s“Three Lines One Permit”(TLOP)policy,three types of management zones—priority protection,critical control,and general contr...Integrated environmental management is important for sustainable development.Under China’s“Three Lines One Permit”(TLOP)policy,three types of management zones—priority protection,critical control,and general control zones—are established based on the ecological red line,the lower-limit line for environmental quality,and the resource use line.Human activities are regulated through a permit system.Integrated and multifactorial protection of soil,plant,hydrological,and atmospheric elements is promoted at the regional level.A follow-up assessment contributes to the improvement of policy implementation and effectiveness.This study demonstrates the achievements of the TLOP policy in Sichuan Province.Results show that(1)276 protection zones have been established under the ecological red line,covering key ecosystems and protected areas to ensure environmental security.Under the lower-limit line,1,626 functional(priority,key,and general control)zones have been designated to regulate air,water,and soil quality,enhancing environmental capacity and pollution control.(2)Through the integration and merging of the three lines,1,128 integrated management zones have been established,including 375,625,and 128 priority protection,critical control,and general control zones,respectively.Each zone has its own list of environmental permits to regulate human activities according to different environmental protection and natural resource development regimes.(3)The design of the follow-up assessment index system was informed by regional primary functions and industrial structure.The index system for provinces and cities is structured around three primary indicators—implementation updating,application,and guarantees—and 15 secondary indicators.The system for critical control zones is structured around environmental access,management,and effectiveness and 14 secondary indicators.A stringent environmental zoning system has been established through the TLOP policy,thereby safeguarding environmental security,promoting harmonious existence between humans and nature,and supporting the vision of Beautiful China.展开更多
电子轰击有源像素传感器(electron bombardment active pixel sensor,EBAPS)的光响应非均匀性是指EBAPS中光电阴极被均匀光源照射时,不同像素输出灰度不一致的现象,尤其是在低光环境下,图像的非均匀性会使细节识别变得困难,影响后续图...电子轰击有源像素传感器(electron bombardment active pixel sensor,EBAPS)的光响应非均匀性是指EBAPS中光电阴极被均匀光源照射时,不同像素输出灰度不一致的现象,尤其是在低光环境下,图像的非均匀性会使细节识别变得困难,影响后续图像处理和分析的准确性。光响应非均匀性主要由光电阴极不同区域对光响应的差异、电子敏感互补金属氧化物半导体不同区域的电子倍增特性差异、各像素间对同一激励的响应差异以及读出电路中传输信道的差异性等因素导致。针对EBAPS的非均匀性问题,提出了一种基于EBAPS光电阴极响应、电子倍增以及像素响应非均匀性协同适配的测试方法。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效评价EBAPS的非均匀性,并且能够对器件的测试筛选和算法校正起到指导作用。展开更多
为了准确评估温拌再生融合技术的环境效益,基于生命周期法确定路面建设期间环境效益的边界范围,建立碳排放计算模型。通过现场调查及数据分析,运用模型分别计算温拌再生技术与热拌技术的能耗及温室气体排放。最终对比分析了温拌再生融...为了准确评估温拌再生融合技术的环境效益,基于生命周期法确定路面建设期间环境效益的边界范围,建立碳排放计算模型。通过现场调查及数据分析,运用模型分别计算温拌再生技术与热拌技术的能耗及温室气体排放。最终对比分析了温拌再生融合技术的节能减排效益。结果表明:温拌再生路面施工过程中,原材料生产能耗324.47 MJ,温室气体排放为19.65 kg CO_(2e),混合料拌和能耗为217.28 MJ,温室气体排放为18.15 kg CO_(2e)。与热拌技术相比,温拌再生融合技术在混合料拌和阶段能耗和温室气体排放都有减少,RAP掺量为40%时,温拌再生路面建设期能耗节约33.33%,CO_(2)排放降低20.11%。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 42171085)and the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFF1307801,2024YFF1307804).
文摘Integrated environmental management is important for sustainable development.Under China’s“Three Lines One Permit”(TLOP)policy,three types of management zones—priority protection,critical control,and general control zones—are established based on the ecological red line,the lower-limit line for environmental quality,and the resource use line.Human activities are regulated through a permit system.Integrated and multifactorial protection of soil,plant,hydrological,and atmospheric elements is promoted at the regional level.A follow-up assessment contributes to the improvement of policy implementation and effectiveness.This study demonstrates the achievements of the TLOP policy in Sichuan Province.Results show that(1)276 protection zones have been established under the ecological red line,covering key ecosystems and protected areas to ensure environmental security.Under the lower-limit line,1,626 functional(priority,key,and general control)zones have been designated to regulate air,water,and soil quality,enhancing environmental capacity and pollution control.(2)Through the integration and merging of the three lines,1,128 integrated management zones have been established,including 375,625,and 128 priority protection,critical control,and general control zones,respectively.Each zone has its own list of environmental permits to regulate human activities according to different environmental protection and natural resource development regimes.(3)The design of the follow-up assessment index system was informed by regional primary functions and industrial structure.The index system for provinces and cities is structured around three primary indicators—implementation updating,application,and guarantees—and 15 secondary indicators.The system for critical control zones is structured around environmental access,management,and effectiveness and 14 secondary indicators.A stringent environmental zoning system has been established through the TLOP policy,thereby safeguarding environmental security,promoting harmonious existence between humans and nature,and supporting the vision of Beautiful China.
文摘电子轰击有源像素传感器(electron bombardment active pixel sensor,EBAPS)的光响应非均匀性是指EBAPS中光电阴极被均匀光源照射时,不同像素输出灰度不一致的现象,尤其是在低光环境下,图像的非均匀性会使细节识别变得困难,影响后续图像处理和分析的准确性。光响应非均匀性主要由光电阴极不同区域对光响应的差异、电子敏感互补金属氧化物半导体不同区域的电子倍增特性差异、各像素间对同一激励的响应差异以及读出电路中传输信道的差异性等因素导致。针对EBAPS的非均匀性问题,提出了一种基于EBAPS光电阴极响应、电子倍增以及像素响应非均匀性协同适配的测试方法。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效评价EBAPS的非均匀性,并且能够对器件的测试筛选和算法校正起到指导作用。
文摘为了准确评估温拌再生融合技术的环境效益,基于生命周期法确定路面建设期间环境效益的边界范围,建立碳排放计算模型。通过现场调查及数据分析,运用模型分别计算温拌再生技术与热拌技术的能耗及温室气体排放。最终对比分析了温拌再生融合技术的节能减排效益。结果表明:温拌再生路面施工过程中,原材料生产能耗324.47 MJ,温室气体排放为19.65 kg CO_(2e),混合料拌和能耗为217.28 MJ,温室气体排放为18.15 kg CO_(2e)。与热拌技术相比,温拌再生融合技术在混合料拌和阶段能耗和温室气体排放都有减少,RAP掺量为40%时,温拌再生路面建设期能耗节约33.33%,CO_(2)排放降低20.11%。
