Wetlands play a critical role in the global environment.The Middle Yangtze River Basin(MYRB),known for its abundant wetland resources,has experienced notable changes resulting from the complex interplay of environment...Wetlands play a critical role in the global environment.The Middle Yangtze River Basin(MYRB),known for its abundant wetland resources,has experienced notable changes resulting from the complex interplay of environmental factors.Therefore,we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of wetland ecological quality in the MYRB from 2001 to 2020.Utilizing the random forest(RF)regression algorithm and patch-generated land-use simulation(PLUS)model,we forecasted variations in wetland habitat quality and their determinants under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway-Representative Concentration Pathway(SSPRCP)framework from 2035 to 2095.The main findings are as follows:(1)The RF algorithm was optimal for land-use and land-cover(LULC)classification in the MYRB from 2001 to 2020,when notable changes were observed in water bodies and buildings.However,the forested area exhibited an increase and decrease of 3.9%and 1.2%under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios,respectively,whereas farmland exhibited a diminishing trend.(2)Wetlands were primarily concentrated in the central and eastern MYRB,with counties in the southwest exhibiting superior ecological-environmental quality from 2001 to 2020.Notably,wetland coverage revealed significantly high level,significant changes,frequent but relatively minor changes under the SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP 5-8.5 scenarios,respectively.(3)Regions with lower habitat quality were primarily concentrated in urbanized areas characterized by frequent human activities,indicating a clear degradation in habitat quality across different scenarios.In conclusion,we established a foundational framework for future investigations into the eco-hydrological processes and ecosystem quality of watersheds.展开更多
目的探讨高寒环境对骨骼肌功能及骨关节炎病理进程的影响,旨在揭示寒冷条件下骨骼肌萎缩、纤维化与关节退变之间的相互作用机制,为高寒地区官兵运动系统健康防护提供理论依据。方法40只11周龄C57BL/6雄性小鼠按内侧半月板失稳术(destabi...目的探讨高寒环境对骨骼肌功能及骨关节炎病理进程的影响,旨在揭示寒冷条件下骨骼肌萎缩、纤维化与关节退变之间的相互作用机制,为高寒地区官兵运动系统健康防护提供理论依据。方法40只11周龄C57BL/6雄性小鼠按内侧半月板失稳术(destabilization of the medial meniscus,DMM)术后8、12周2个时间点分层,每个时间点下使用随机数字表法设4组(n=5):22℃假手术(22℃Sham)组、4℃假手术(4℃Sham)组、22℃DMM组和4℃DMM组。DMM术后2周,4℃Sham与4℃DMM组每日置于湿度(50±5)%、4℃低温舱暴露12 h,持续至相应终点;22℃Sham与22℃DMM组常规常温环境饲养。在干预8、12周时进行以下评估:①行为学测试:采用CatWalk系统量化步态参数,双足平衡测试评估肢体承重能力,旷场实验记录自发活动距离与时间,并在体测定股四头肌单收缩力(twitch)、强直收缩力(tetanus)及力-频率曲线(force-frequency curve)。②组织病理学分析:取股四头肌与膝关节组织,经石蜡包埋、切片后行HE染色和番红O-固绿染色,评估滑膜炎症细胞浸润、软骨表面完整性及国际骨关节炎研究学会(osteoarthritis research society international,OARSI)评分,同时通过Masson三色染色观察肌纤维胶原沉积。③分子检测:采用免疫荧光技术以Dystrophin抗体标记肌纤维边界并计算横截面积,免疫组化法检测滑膜组织中IL-1β、TNF-α的阳性表达水平。结果①小鼠行为学表现异常。与22℃DMM组相比,4℃DMM组在8、12周2个时间点均呈现显著加重的功能障碍:a.步态协调性丧失,8周时右后肢相对站立相时间降低0.113(P<0.001)、足迹面积降低0.102(P<0.05)、摆动相时间增加0.115(P<0.05)、单肢站立时间降低0.146(P<0.01);至12周上述异常持续存在,足迹面积差异扩大至0.154(P<0.05),摆动相时间仍维持0.113的升高幅度(P<0.05)。b.承重能力衰退,8周时右足承重占比降低2.777%(P<0.001),12周时降低程度进一步扩大至5.156%(P<0.0001)。c.自发活动抑制,8周时总活动距离减少1069 cm(P<0.0001),12周时仍减少429.3 cm(P<0.05)。②关节组织病理损伤加剧。寒冷暴露协同DMM手术显著加重滑膜炎症与软骨破坏:a.滑膜病变,4℃DMM组相较22℃DMM组在8周时滑膜病理评分增加2.133分(P<0.01),12周时增至2.833分(P<0.001),提示炎症反应持续升级。b.软骨退变,4℃DMM组相较22℃DMM组在8周时OARSI最大评分升高1.000分(P<0.05)、总评分升高2.000分(P<0.01);12周时最大评分仍有0.750分的升高趋势,总评分维持2.000分的差异趋势。c.促炎因子表达上调,4℃DMM组相较22℃DMM组,滑膜IL-1β相对表达面积在8周和12周分别增加1.047%(P<0.05)和1.892%(P<0.05);TNF-α表达面积较同期分别增加3.850%(P<0.0001)和3.806%(P<0.0001)。③骨骼肌结构与收缩功能复合性损伤。寒冷干预导致股四头肌出现肌肉萎缩、力学性能衰退及纤维化重塑三重病理改变:a.肌力储备耗竭,Twitch在8周和12周分别降低34.77 mN·m/kg(P<0.01)和52.87 mN·m/kg(P<0.05);Tetanus同期分别降低115.0 mN·m/kg(P<0.05)和138.3 mN·m/kg(P<0.0001),Force-frequency curve下移。b.肌萎缩,股四头肌质量比在8周和12周分别降低0.076%(P<0.05)和0.102%(P<0.0001);肌纤维横截面积(cross-sectional area,CSA)同期分别减少261.3μm^(2)(P<0.05)和233.5μm^(2)(P<0.01),小直径肌纤维比例增高。c.纤维化沉积,肌组织胶原纤维相对面积在8周和12周分别增加4.072%(P<0.01)和2.238%(P<0.05),提示细胞外基质异常重构。结论高寒环境不仅可直接加剧骨关节炎的滑膜炎症与软骨退变,还能通过诱导股四头肌萎缩、肌力下降及纤维化等,进一步加剧关节结构与功能的恶化。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42207078CUG Scholar-Scientific Research Funds at China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),No.2022166+1 种基金China Scholarship Council,No.202306410026Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,No.IWHR-SKL-KF202217。
文摘Wetlands play a critical role in the global environment.The Middle Yangtze River Basin(MYRB),known for its abundant wetland resources,has experienced notable changes resulting from the complex interplay of environmental factors.Therefore,we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of wetland ecological quality in the MYRB from 2001 to 2020.Utilizing the random forest(RF)regression algorithm and patch-generated land-use simulation(PLUS)model,we forecasted variations in wetland habitat quality and their determinants under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway-Representative Concentration Pathway(SSPRCP)framework from 2035 to 2095.The main findings are as follows:(1)The RF algorithm was optimal for land-use and land-cover(LULC)classification in the MYRB from 2001 to 2020,when notable changes were observed in water bodies and buildings.However,the forested area exhibited an increase and decrease of 3.9%and 1.2%under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios,respectively,whereas farmland exhibited a diminishing trend.(2)Wetlands were primarily concentrated in the central and eastern MYRB,with counties in the southwest exhibiting superior ecological-environmental quality from 2001 to 2020.Notably,wetland coverage revealed significantly high level,significant changes,frequent but relatively minor changes under the SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP 5-8.5 scenarios,respectively.(3)Regions with lower habitat quality were primarily concentrated in urbanized areas characterized by frequent human activities,indicating a clear degradation in habitat quality across different scenarios.In conclusion,we established a foundational framework for future investigations into the eco-hydrological processes and ecosystem quality of watersheds.
文摘目的探讨高寒环境对骨骼肌功能及骨关节炎病理进程的影响,旨在揭示寒冷条件下骨骼肌萎缩、纤维化与关节退变之间的相互作用机制,为高寒地区官兵运动系统健康防护提供理论依据。方法40只11周龄C57BL/6雄性小鼠按内侧半月板失稳术(destabilization of the medial meniscus,DMM)术后8、12周2个时间点分层,每个时间点下使用随机数字表法设4组(n=5):22℃假手术(22℃Sham)组、4℃假手术(4℃Sham)组、22℃DMM组和4℃DMM组。DMM术后2周,4℃Sham与4℃DMM组每日置于湿度(50±5)%、4℃低温舱暴露12 h,持续至相应终点;22℃Sham与22℃DMM组常规常温环境饲养。在干预8、12周时进行以下评估:①行为学测试:采用CatWalk系统量化步态参数,双足平衡测试评估肢体承重能力,旷场实验记录自发活动距离与时间,并在体测定股四头肌单收缩力(twitch)、强直收缩力(tetanus)及力-频率曲线(force-frequency curve)。②组织病理学分析:取股四头肌与膝关节组织,经石蜡包埋、切片后行HE染色和番红O-固绿染色,评估滑膜炎症细胞浸润、软骨表面完整性及国际骨关节炎研究学会(osteoarthritis research society international,OARSI)评分,同时通过Masson三色染色观察肌纤维胶原沉积。③分子检测:采用免疫荧光技术以Dystrophin抗体标记肌纤维边界并计算横截面积,免疫组化法检测滑膜组织中IL-1β、TNF-α的阳性表达水平。结果①小鼠行为学表现异常。与22℃DMM组相比,4℃DMM组在8、12周2个时间点均呈现显著加重的功能障碍:a.步态协调性丧失,8周时右后肢相对站立相时间降低0.113(P<0.001)、足迹面积降低0.102(P<0.05)、摆动相时间增加0.115(P<0.05)、单肢站立时间降低0.146(P<0.01);至12周上述异常持续存在,足迹面积差异扩大至0.154(P<0.05),摆动相时间仍维持0.113的升高幅度(P<0.05)。b.承重能力衰退,8周时右足承重占比降低2.777%(P<0.001),12周时降低程度进一步扩大至5.156%(P<0.0001)。c.自发活动抑制,8周时总活动距离减少1069 cm(P<0.0001),12周时仍减少429.3 cm(P<0.05)。②关节组织病理损伤加剧。寒冷暴露协同DMM手术显著加重滑膜炎症与软骨破坏:a.滑膜病变,4℃DMM组相较22℃DMM组在8周时滑膜病理评分增加2.133分(P<0.01),12周时增至2.833分(P<0.001),提示炎症反应持续升级。b.软骨退变,4℃DMM组相较22℃DMM组在8周时OARSI最大评分升高1.000分(P<0.05)、总评分升高2.000分(P<0.01);12周时最大评分仍有0.750分的升高趋势,总评分维持2.000分的差异趋势。c.促炎因子表达上调,4℃DMM组相较22℃DMM组,滑膜IL-1β相对表达面积在8周和12周分别增加1.047%(P<0.05)和1.892%(P<0.05);TNF-α表达面积较同期分别增加3.850%(P<0.0001)和3.806%(P<0.0001)。③骨骼肌结构与收缩功能复合性损伤。寒冷干预导致股四头肌出现肌肉萎缩、力学性能衰退及纤维化重塑三重病理改变:a.肌力储备耗竭,Twitch在8周和12周分别降低34.77 mN·m/kg(P<0.01)和52.87 mN·m/kg(P<0.05);Tetanus同期分别降低115.0 mN·m/kg(P<0.05)和138.3 mN·m/kg(P<0.0001),Force-frequency curve下移。b.肌萎缩,股四头肌质量比在8周和12周分别降低0.076%(P<0.05)和0.102%(P<0.0001);肌纤维横截面积(cross-sectional area,CSA)同期分别减少261.3μm^(2)(P<0.05)和233.5μm^(2)(P<0.01),小直径肌纤维比例增高。c.纤维化沉积,肌组织胶原纤维相对面积在8周和12周分别增加4.072%(P<0.01)和2.238%(P<0.05),提示细胞外基质异常重构。结论高寒环境不仅可直接加剧骨关节炎的滑膜炎症与软骨退变,还能通过诱导股四头肌萎缩、肌力下降及纤维化等,进一步加剧关节结构与功能的恶化。
