为探究棉花冠层无人机热红外影像对根域土壤水分含量反演规律,以棉花花铃期土壤水分为研究对象,利用小区水分胁迫控制试验和模型模拟的方法,获取棉花花铃期在不同干旱胁迫天数下(灌水后第2、10和32天)的叶片含水量、根域各土层(0~10、10...为探究棉花冠层无人机热红外影像对根域土壤水分含量反演规律,以棉花花铃期土壤水分为研究对象,利用小区水分胁迫控制试验和模型模拟的方法,获取棉花花铃期在不同干旱胁迫天数下(灌水后第2、10和32天)的叶片含水量、根域各土层(0~10、10~20、20~30、30~40、40~50cm)土壤相对含水量(Relativesoil water content,RSWC),同步获取无人机热红外影像数据,通过将棉花冠层温度与叶片、大气温度结合构建差值温度指数(Difference temperature index,DTI),比值温度指数(Ratio temperature index,RTI)和归一化差值温度指数(Normalized difference temperature index,NDTI),选择与RSWC相关性在0.6以上的指标(冠层温度、冠-高温差、冠-均温差、DTI2、DTI3、NDTI2、NDTI3)构建不同土层水分含量估测模型,并进行验证。结果表明:1)随干旱胁迫天数的增加,棉花叶片含水量呈先升高后降低的趋势,土壤相对含水量随干旱胁迫天数的增加逐渐降低;2)冠层温度协同叶片、大气温度构建的温度指数估测根域土壤水分含量精度要优于单一使用冠层温度,具体表现为NDTI3>DTI3>DTI2>NDTI2>冠-均温差>冠-高温差>冠层温度;3)多元线性回归模型对棉花根域土壤含水量具有较高的估测精度,其中干旱胁迫第2天对10~20 cm根域土层的估测精度最高,R2为0.600,RMSE为0.388;第10天对20~30 cm根域土层的估测精度最高,R2为0.721,RMSE为0.267;第32天对30~40 cm根域土层的估测精度最高,R2为0.918,RMSE为0.068。因此,利用无人机热成像仪获取棉花冠层温度并结合叶片及大气温度,可对作物根域土壤水分含量进行拟合估测,对发展节水灌溉等土壤水分调控与管理技术具有现实意义。展开更多
Background Water deficit is an important problem in agricultural production in arid regions.With the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang,it is important to determine which planting m...Background Water deficit is an important problem in agricultural production in arid regions.With the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang,it is important to determine which planting mode could achieve high yield,fiber quality and water use efficiency(WUE).This study aimed to explore if chemical topping affected cotton yield,quality and water use in relation to row configuration and plant densities.Results Experiments were carried out in Xinjiang China,in 2020 and 2021 with two topping method,manual topping and chemical topping,two plant densities,low and high,and two row configurations,i.e.,76 cm equal rows and 10+66 cm narrow-wide rows,which were commonly applied in matching harvest machine.Chemical topping increased seed cotton yield,but did not affect cotton fiber quality comparing to traditional manual topping.Under equal row spacing,the WUE in higher density was 62.4%higher than in the lower one.However,under narrow-wide row spacing,the WUE in lower density was 53.3%higher than in higher one(farmers’practice).For machine-harvest cotton in Xinjiang,the optimal row configuration and plant density for chemical topping was narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m-2 or equal rows with 18 plants m-2.Conclusion The plant density recommended in narrow-wide rows was less than farmers’practice and the density in equal rows was moderate with local practice.Our results provide new knowledge on optimizing agronomic managements of machine-harvested cotton for both high yield and water efficient.展开更多
文摘为探究棉花冠层无人机热红外影像对根域土壤水分含量反演规律,以棉花花铃期土壤水分为研究对象,利用小区水分胁迫控制试验和模型模拟的方法,获取棉花花铃期在不同干旱胁迫天数下(灌水后第2、10和32天)的叶片含水量、根域各土层(0~10、10~20、20~30、30~40、40~50cm)土壤相对含水量(Relativesoil water content,RSWC),同步获取无人机热红外影像数据,通过将棉花冠层温度与叶片、大气温度结合构建差值温度指数(Difference temperature index,DTI),比值温度指数(Ratio temperature index,RTI)和归一化差值温度指数(Normalized difference temperature index,NDTI),选择与RSWC相关性在0.6以上的指标(冠层温度、冠-高温差、冠-均温差、DTI2、DTI3、NDTI2、NDTI3)构建不同土层水分含量估测模型,并进行验证。结果表明:1)随干旱胁迫天数的增加,棉花叶片含水量呈先升高后降低的趋势,土壤相对含水量随干旱胁迫天数的增加逐渐降低;2)冠层温度协同叶片、大气温度构建的温度指数估测根域土壤水分含量精度要优于单一使用冠层温度,具体表现为NDTI3>DTI3>DTI2>NDTI2>冠-均温差>冠-高温差>冠层温度;3)多元线性回归模型对棉花根域土壤含水量具有较高的估测精度,其中干旱胁迫第2天对10~20 cm根域土层的估测精度最高,R2为0.600,RMSE为0.388;第10天对20~30 cm根域土层的估测精度最高,R2为0.721,RMSE为0.267;第32天对30~40 cm根域土层的估测精度最高,R2为0.918,RMSE为0.068。因此,利用无人机热成像仪获取棉花冠层温度并结合叶片及大气温度,可对作物根域土壤水分含量进行拟合估测,对发展节水灌溉等土壤水分调控与管理技术具有现实意义。
基金Key Research and Development Program of Xinjiang(2022B02001-1)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42105172,41975146).
文摘Background Water deficit is an important problem in agricultural production in arid regions.With the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang,it is important to determine which planting mode could achieve high yield,fiber quality and water use efficiency(WUE).This study aimed to explore if chemical topping affected cotton yield,quality and water use in relation to row configuration and plant densities.Results Experiments were carried out in Xinjiang China,in 2020 and 2021 with two topping method,manual topping and chemical topping,two plant densities,low and high,and two row configurations,i.e.,76 cm equal rows and 10+66 cm narrow-wide rows,which were commonly applied in matching harvest machine.Chemical topping increased seed cotton yield,but did not affect cotton fiber quality comparing to traditional manual topping.Under equal row spacing,the WUE in higher density was 62.4%higher than in the lower one.However,under narrow-wide row spacing,the WUE in lower density was 53.3%higher than in higher one(farmers’practice).For machine-harvest cotton in Xinjiang,the optimal row configuration and plant density for chemical topping was narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m-2 or equal rows with 18 plants m-2.Conclusion The plant density recommended in narrow-wide rows was less than farmers’practice and the density in equal rows was moderate with local practice.Our results provide new knowledge on optimizing agronomic managements of machine-harvested cotton for both high yield and water efficient.
