AIM To investigate whether morin can reduce hepatic fibrosis by activating the NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway.METHODS Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control gro...AIM To investigate whether morin can reduce hepatic fibrosis by activating the NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway.METHODS Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, morin group, carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) group, and morin + CCl4 group. Rats in both the CCl4 and morin + CCl4 groups were injected intraperitoneally with CCl4 at a dose of 2 mL/kg twice a week. Rats in both the morin and morin + CCl4 groups were treated orally with morin at a dose of 50 mg/kg twice a week. Control rats were treated with vehicle only twice a week. At the end-point of the 8 wk of the experimental period, serum AST, ALT, and ALP were measured, and the liver specimenswere obtained for pathological assessment. Real-time PCR and Western blot methods were used to analyze the expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅲ, Nrf2, heme oxygenase(HO-1), and quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1) using frozen liver specimens.RESULTS Morin-treated rats in the morin + CCl4 group had less hyperplasia of fiber tissue, minimal inflammatory cells, and less body weight loss with favorable liver enzyme measurements compared to rats treated with CCl4 only. Additionally, morin-treated rats had significantly lower m RNA and protein expression of α-SMA, collagen Ⅰ, and collagen Ⅲ, but significantly higher m RNA and protein expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 compared to rats treated with CCl4 only(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Morin could play a protective role by inducing the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant factors(HO-1 and NQO1) and reducing the expression of α-SMA, collagen Ⅰ, and collagen Ⅲ in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rats.展开更多
High strength abrasion resistant steel plates are widely used in mining,construction and agricultural machineries.The plates are,however,usually poor in impact toughness.An attempt is made to improve the impact toughn...High strength abrasion resistant steel plates are widely used in mining,construction and agricultural machineries.The plates are,however,usually poor in impact toughness.An attempt is made to improve the impact toughness of HB400 grade abrasion resistant steel by controlling quenching and tempering of the plates.Optimized combination of the strength and the toughness has been achieved by choosing best fit set of quenching and tempering condition.Mechanism underlying the achievement has been investigated in terms of the microstructure consisting of tempered lath martensite,retained austenite and precipitated carbides.展开更多
This article mainly discussed bulk material lHvl^ared by powder metallurgy, and the commercial 2024 aluminum alloy powder and FeNiCrCoA13 high entropy alloy powder （both produced by argon gas atomization process） we...This article mainly discussed bulk material lHvl^ared by powder metallurgy, and the commercial 2024 aluminum alloy powder and FeNiCrCoA13 high entropy alloy powder （both produced by argon gas atomization process） were ball-milled for different hours. The prepared powder was consolidated by hot extrusion method. The microstruetures of the milled powder and bulk alloy were examined by X - Ray Diffraction （XRD）, Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM） and Transmission Electron Microscopy （TEM）. The thermal stability was tested by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. Mechanical properties of the extruded alloy were examined by Vickers hardness tester and mechanical testing machine. The results show that after milling, the mixed particle sizes and microstructures of the alloy powder change obviously. The compressive strength of the extruded alloy has reached 580 MPa under certain conditions of milling time and composition.展开更多
Herein, lanthanum was incorporated via hydrothermal synthesis into a MCM-41 framework structure with La/Si molar ratios from 0.01 to 0.1. Samples of NiO supported on LaMCM-41 were prepared using the impregnation metho...Herein, lanthanum was incorporated via hydrothermal synthesis into a MCM-41 framework structure with La/Si molar ratios from 0.01 to 0.1. Samples of NiO supported on LaMCM-41 were prepared using the impregnation method. The catalyst performance was evaluated using a fixed bed CO methanation reactor. A Ni/LaMCM-41 catalyst with La/Si = 0.1 shows the best catalytic performance with a CO conversion of almost 100% and a CH4 selectivity of 89.5% at 250 ℃ under a pressure of 1.5 MPa and at an airspeed of 36,000 mL/（g·h）. Compared with Ni-La/MCM-41（La/Si = 0.1） and Ni/MCM-41 prepared via the impregnation method, Ni/LaMCM-41（La/Si = 0.1） shows a higher CO conversion and CH4 selectivity.In a 100 h stability test, the Ni/LaMCM-41（La/Si = 0.1） catalyst shows excellent stability; furthermore, the CO conversion is always greater than 98.0%, which is significantly better than the results for Ni/MCM-41.We experimentally demonstrate that elemental La enters the framework of MCM-41. The Ni/LaMCM-41 catalyst performs well because the La reduces the average particle size of the NiO particles and enhances the interaction between NiO and MCM-41; moreover, the introduction of La significantly inhibits the sintering of the catalyst and the formation of carbon deposits.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the pharmacological effect of ursolic acid(UA)on colitis-associated colorectal cancer(CAC)and its underlying mechanism based on the Wnt signaling pathway.METHODS The CAC model in mice was esta...OBJECTIVE To investigate the pharmacological effect of ursolic acid(UA)on colitis-associated colorectal cancer(CAC)and its underlying mechanism based on the Wnt signaling pathway.METHODS The CAC model in mice was established by azoxymethane(AOM)combined and dextran sulfate sodium salt(DSS),accompanied by treatment with various dosages of UA and concomitant appraisal of body weight,stool and physical state of the mice.After the sacrifice of the mice,the tumor and length of the colorectum were measured,followed by retrieval of the liver,spleen,thymus and tumor tissue for downstream assays.The levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6(IL-6),IL^(-1)βand C-reactive protein(CRP)in the tumor and serum were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The pathological changes of colorectal tissues were observed by HE staining.The levels in tumors of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related proteins Wnt4,GSK-3β,β-catenin,TCF4,LEF1,c-Myc,cyclin D1 and apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2 were assayed by immunohistochemistry(IHC).The mRNA expressions of Wnt4,GSK-3β,β-catenin,TCF4,LEF1,c-Myc,cyclin D1,Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-9 and caspase-3 in tumors were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR(RT-qPCR).The protein levels of Wnt4,GSK-3β,β-catenin,TCF4,LEF1,c-Myc,cyclin D1,phospho-β-catenin,phospho-GSK-3β,Bcl-2 and Bax in tumors were probed by analyzed by Western blotting(WB).Also,RNA-seq was employed to assess the gut microbiota in the mice.RESULTS UA significantly ameliorated the symptoms of AOM/DSS-induced mouse CAC,evidenced by improved physical state,body weight,survival rate,colorectal length,the mass of liver,thymus,spleen,and decreased CAC load and colorectal mass.UA attenuated the levels of IL-6,IL^(-1)βand CRP in the mouse serum and colorectal tumor in a dose-dependent manner.HE staining showed that UA lessened carcinogenesis in the colorectum,with lower infiltration of lymphocytes,versus the control.IHC indicated that UA mitigated the expression of Wnt4,β-catenin,TCF4,LEF1,c-Myc,cyclin D1,Bcl-2,and promoted the GSK-3βexpression,compared with the control.Furthermore,UA diminished the mRNA expressions of Wnt4,β-catenin,TCF4,LEF1,c-Myc,cyclin D1,Bcl-2,and heightened the mRNA levels of GSK-3β,caspase-3,capase-9 and Bax in CAC.The results of mRNA expressions were verified by WB analysis,which revealed that UA impeded the protein expression of Wnt4,β-catenin,c-Myc,cyclin D1,Bcl-2,TCF4,LEF1,and elevated the protein levels of GSK-3βand Bax,phospho-β-catenin in mouse CAC.In addition,UA substantially ameliorated the gut microbiota to store the metabolic function in the mice with CAC.CONCLUSION Ursolic acid may protect against CAC,potentially by downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activity and restoration of gut microbiota.展开更多
The solubility of a direct arylation polycondensation(DArP)synthesized conjugated polymer,i.e.,poly(3,6-bis(furan-2-yl)-2,5-bis(4-tetradecyloctadecyl)-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione-alt-1,2-bis(3,4-d ifl uorot...The solubility of a direct arylation polycondensation(DArP)synthesized conjugated polymer,i.e.,poly(3,6-bis(furan-2-yl)-2,5-bis(4-tetradecyloctadecyl)-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione-alt-1,2-bis(3,4-d ifl uorothien-2-yl)ethene)(PFuD PP-4FTVT),in variou s organic solvents was studied.The polymer is soluble in 3-methylcyclohexanone(3-MC),a green solvent from peppermint oil,besides other solvents such as anisole,cyclopentyl methyl ether(CPME)and o-dichlorobenzene(o-DCB),etc.Based on the Hansen solu bility parameters(HSP)analysis,3-MC is identified as a"marginal solvent"of PFuDPP-4FTVT.The morphology of the spin-coated films with 3-MC as the solvent strongly correlated with the solution preparation conditions.With a 3-MC solution aged for 3 h at 70℃,n-channel organic thin-film transistors(OTFTs)with electron mobility(μe)above 1 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1) and current on/off ratio(Ion/Ioff)higher than 105 were fabricated by spin-coating.This is the first report on high mobility conjugated polymers for OTFTs processible with natu rally occurred green solvent.展开更多
文摘AIM To investigate whether morin can reduce hepatic fibrosis by activating the NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway.METHODS Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, morin group, carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) group, and morin + CCl4 group. Rats in both the CCl4 and morin + CCl4 groups were injected intraperitoneally with CCl4 at a dose of 2 mL/kg twice a week. Rats in both the morin and morin + CCl4 groups were treated orally with morin at a dose of 50 mg/kg twice a week. Control rats were treated with vehicle only twice a week. At the end-point of the 8 wk of the experimental period, serum AST, ALT, and ALP were measured, and the liver specimenswere obtained for pathological assessment. Real-time PCR and Western blot methods were used to analyze the expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅲ, Nrf2, heme oxygenase(HO-1), and quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1) using frozen liver specimens.RESULTS Morin-treated rats in the morin + CCl4 group had less hyperplasia of fiber tissue, minimal inflammatory cells, and less body weight loss with favorable liver enzyme measurements compared to rats treated with CCl4 only. Additionally, morin-treated rats had significantly lower m RNA and protein expression of α-SMA, collagen Ⅰ, and collagen Ⅲ, but significantly higher m RNA and protein expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 compared to rats treated with CCl4 only(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Morin could play a protective role by inducing the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant factors(HO-1 and NQO1) and reducing the expression of α-SMA, collagen Ⅰ, and collagen Ⅲ in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rats.
文摘High strength abrasion resistant steel plates are widely used in mining,construction and agricultural machineries.The plates are,however,usually poor in impact toughness.An attempt is made to improve the impact toughness of HB400 grade abrasion resistant steel by controlling quenching and tempering of the plates.Optimized combination of the strength and the toughness has been achieved by choosing best fit set of quenching and tempering condition.Mechanism underlying the achievement has been investigated in terms of the microstructure consisting of tempered lath martensite,retained austenite and precipitated carbides.
文摘This article mainly discussed bulk material lHvl^ared by powder metallurgy, and the commercial 2024 aluminum alloy powder and FeNiCrCoA13 high entropy alloy powder （both produced by argon gas atomization process） were ball-milled for different hours. The prepared powder was consolidated by hot extrusion method. The microstruetures of the milled powder and bulk alloy were examined by X - Ray Diffraction （XRD）, Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM） and Transmission Electron Microscopy （TEM）. The thermal stability was tested by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. Mechanical properties of the extruded alloy were examined by Vickers hardness tester and mechanical testing machine. The results show that after milling, the mixed particle sizes and microstructures of the alloy powder change obviously. The compressive strength of the extruded alloy has reached 580 MPa under certain conditions of milling time and composition.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1203293)the Doctor Foundation of Bingtuan(2013BB010)the Foundation of Young Scientist in Shihezi University(2013ZRKXJQ03)
文摘Herein, lanthanum was incorporated via hydrothermal synthesis into a MCM-41 framework structure with La/Si molar ratios from 0.01 to 0.1. Samples of NiO supported on LaMCM-41 were prepared using the impregnation method. The catalyst performance was evaluated using a fixed bed CO methanation reactor. A Ni/LaMCM-41 catalyst with La/Si = 0.1 shows the best catalytic performance with a CO conversion of almost 100% and a CH4 selectivity of 89.5% at 250 ℃ under a pressure of 1.5 MPa and at an airspeed of 36,000 mL/（g·h）. Compared with Ni-La/MCM-41（La/Si = 0.1） and Ni/MCM-41 prepared via the impregnation method, Ni/LaMCM-41（La/Si = 0.1） shows a higher CO conversion and CH4 selectivity.In a 100 h stability test, the Ni/LaMCM-41（La/Si = 0.1） catalyst shows excellent stability; furthermore, the CO conversion is always greater than 98.0%, which is significantly better than the results for Ni/MCM-41.We experimentally demonstrate that elemental La enters the framework of MCM-41. The Ni/LaMCM-41 catalyst performs well because the La reduces the average particle size of the NiO particles and enhances the interaction between NiO and MCM-41; moreover, the introduction of La significantly inhibits the sintering of the catalyst and the formation of carbon deposits.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81573813,81173598)Sichuan Provincial Admin⁃istration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China(2021MS447)+1 种基金Excellent Talent Program of Chengdu University of Tra⁃ditional Chinese Medicine of China(YXRC2019002,ZRYY1917)Open Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources of China(2020XSGG006)。
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the pharmacological effect of ursolic acid(UA)on colitis-associated colorectal cancer(CAC)and its underlying mechanism based on the Wnt signaling pathway.METHODS The CAC model in mice was established by azoxymethane(AOM)combined and dextran sulfate sodium salt(DSS),accompanied by treatment with various dosages of UA and concomitant appraisal of body weight,stool and physical state of the mice.After the sacrifice of the mice,the tumor and length of the colorectum were measured,followed by retrieval of the liver,spleen,thymus and tumor tissue for downstream assays.The levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6(IL-6),IL^(-1)βand C-reactive protein(CRP)in the tumor and serum were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The pathological changes of colorectal tissues were observed by HE staining.The levels in tumors of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related proteins Wnt4,GSK-3β,β-catenin,TCF4,LEF1,c-Myc,cyclin D1 and apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2 were assayed by immunohistochemistry(IHC).The mRNA expressions of Wnt4,GSK-3β,β-catenin,TCF4,LEF1,c-Myc,cyclin D1,Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-9 and caspase-3 in tumors were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR(RT-qPCR).The protein levels of Wnt4,GSK-3β,β-catenin,TCF4,LEF1,c-Myc,cyclin D1,phospho-β-catenin,phospho-GSK-3β,Bcl-2 and Bax in tumors were probed by analyzed by Western blotting(WB).Also,RNA-seq was employed to assess the gut microbiota in the mice.RESULTS UA significantly ameliorated the symptoms of AOM/DSS-induced mouse CAC,evidenced by improved physical state,body weight,survival rate,colorectal length,the mass of liver,thymus,spleen,and decreased CAC load and colorectal mass.UA attenuated the levels of IL-6,IL^(-1)βand CRP in the mouse serum and colorectal tumor in a dose-dependent manner.HE staining showed that UA lessened carcinogenesis in the colorectum,with lower infiltration of lymphocytes,versus the control.IHC indicated that UA mitigated the expression of Wnt4,β-catenin,TCF4,LEF1,c-Myc,cyclin D1,Bcl-2,and promoted the GSK-3βexpression,compared with the control.Furthermore,UA diminished the mRNA expressions of Wnt4,β-catenin,TCF4,LEF1,c-Myc,cyclin D1,Bcl-2,and heightened the mRNA levels of GSK-3β,caspase-3,capase-9 and Bax in CAC.The results of mRNA expressions were verified by WB analysis,which revealed that UA impeded the protein expression of Wnt4,β-catenin,c-Myc,cyclin D1,Bcl-2,TCF4,LEF1,and elevated the protein levels of GSK-3βand Bax,phospho-β-catenin in mouse CAC.In addition,UA substantially ameliorated the gut microbiota to store the metabolic function in the mice with CAC.CONCLUSION Ursolic acid may protect against CAC,potentially by downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activity and restoration of gut microbiota.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51933008 and 52121002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘The solubility of a direct arylation polycondensation(DArP)synthesized conjugated polymer,i.e.,poly(3,6-bis(furan-2-yl)-2,5-bis(4-tetradecyloctadecyl)-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione-alt-1,2-bis(3,4-d ifl uorothien-2-yl)ethene)(PFuD PP-4FTVT),in variou s organic solvents was studied.The polymer is soluble in 3-methylcyclohexanone(3-MC),a green solvent from peppermint oil,besides other solvents such as anisole,cyclopentyl methyl ether(CPME)and o-dichlorobenzene(o-DCB),etc.Based on the Hansen solu bility parameters(HSP)analysis,3-MC is identified as a"marginal solvent"of PFuDPP-4FTVT.The morphology of the spin-coated films with 3-MC as the solvent strongly correlated with the solution preparation conditions.With a 3-MC solution aged for 3 h at 70℃,n-channel organic thin-film transistors(OTFTs)with electron mobility(μe)above 1 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1) and current on/off ratio(Ion/Ioff)higher than 105 were fabricated by spin-coating.This is the first report on high mobility conjugated polymers for OTFTs processible with natu rally occurred green solvent.
