We investigate the effects of projectile material on high-speed penetration/perforation of Inconel 718 alloy(IN718)plates.High-speed ballistic impact tests are conducted on 2 mm-thickness IN718 plates with 5-mm-diamet...We investigate the effects of projectile material on high-speed penetration/perforation of Inconel 718 alloy(IN718)plates.High-speed ballistic impact tests are conducted on 2 mm-thickness IN718 plates with 5-mm-diameter stainless steel 304(SS304),Ti alloy TC4,and Al alloy AA1060 spherical projectiles.The impact processes are captured with high-speed photography.Optical and scanning electron microscopy and laser scan are conducted on recovered projectiles and targets.Finite element models of the ballistic impact are established based on the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian algorithm with the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and failure criterion,and can well reproduce the experimental results.The experimental and simulated data related to projectile dynamics,and the geometries of postmortem projectiles and bullet holes are analyzed with phenomenological models.Projectile velocity evolution can be described with hydrodynamic models of penetration.Dimensional analysis reveals a universal relationship between the bullet hole expansion coefficient and the normalized dynamic pressure,regardless of the projectile material.However,the projectile material does affect projectile deformation,bullet hole size,and energy absorption of target.展开更多
Modifying the chemical surrounding of N-doped carbon supported single-atom catalysts(SA/NCs)through heteroatom doping is a mainstream approach to optimize their performance for electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reacti...Modifying the chemical surrounding of N-doped carbon supported single-atom catalysts(SA/NCs)through heteroatom doping is a mainstream approach to optimize their performance for electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction.However,conventional SA/NCs mainly consists of in-plane metal sites feature with tightly symmetrical M–N_(4) coordination environments,limiting the regulatory strength of heteroatom doping.Herein,we proposed an edge-assisted heteroatom doping regulation strategy by constructing edge-type Ni sites supported on a hollow and leaf-shaped P-doped NC substrate(eNi/H-NPC).The two-dimensional leaf-shaped and hollow carbon can expose enriched edges.The edge structure can promote the accessibility of active sites,more importantly,intensifies electronic perturbation induced by heteroatom doping.Resultantly,the charge symmetry distribution of Ni–N_4 site is significantly disrupted,and energy barrier associated with the formation of*COOH intermediate is further diminished.eNi/HNPC achieves CO faradaic efficiency(FE_(CO))near 100%at-0.6 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(vs.RHE)and maintains FE_(CO)over 90%from-0.6 to-1.1 V(vs.RHE)in H-type cells.Remarkably,in gas-diffusion flow cells,eNi/H-NPC exhibits FE_(CO)reaches 98.9%and 96.5%in neutral and acidic electrolytes with the CO current density reach 283.5,and 397.2 mA cm^(-2),respectively,which are much superior than that of the bulk material with dominant in-plane active sites.Moreover,eNi/H-NPC serves as an efficient cathode in Zn–CO_(2) batteries,realized a discharge power density of 4.1 mW cm^(-2),and exceptional cycling durability over 35 h.展开更多
The integration of phase change material(PCM)with building-integrated photovoltaic(BIPV)presents a compelling approach to enhance solar energy utilization and mitigate indoor thermal loads,contributing to energy-effic...The integration of phase change material(PCM)with building-integrated photovoltaic(BIPV)presents a compelling approach to enhance solar energy utilization and mitigate indoor thermal loads,contributing to energy-efficient and low-carbon building development.Traditional BIPV-PCM structures,however,struggle to balance PV efficiency and thermal insulation,particularly with varying PCM wall positions.To address this situation,this study introduces a novel double-PCM BIPV composite envelope(BIPV-dPCM).An experimentally validated dynamic heat transfer model was developed and used to perform a comparative simulation analysis with three reference systems to quantify the energy-saving potential of the BIPV-dPCM,focusing on PV output and wall insulation effectiveness metrics.Further dimensionless parametric analysis were carried out to investigate the systematic performance of the two PCMs at different relativities.In addition,the coupled working mechanism of the BIPV-dPCM system concerning the power generation performance and thermal insulation performance under transient variations is explored.It was found that the BIPV-dPCM showcases superior thermoelectric coupling performance compared to three alternative enclosures.Incorporating two PCMs significantly enhances electrical exergy efficiency by 11.66%and thermal exergy efficiency by 1.54%,surpassing other reference systems.The increase in PCM latent heat ratio has a limited effect on performance gain.Notably,as the PCM thickness ratio exceeds 1,the decline in P value decelerates,for every 0.5 increment in the g,the P value diminishes by merely 0.2%.The ideal h is identified between 1 and 1.5,with 1.5 being optimal for energy conservation objectives.Additionally,the self-sufficiency coefficient(SSC)of the BIPV-dPCM remains robust,sustaining a range of 55%to 65%over prolonged periods.This study offers novel perspectives and serves as a design reference for optimizing building energy systems and enhancing cooling efficiencies in subtropical climates.展开更多
Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis(OM)is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy.Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affe...Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis(OM)is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy.Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment.To date,differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties,which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects.On the basis of current research evidence,this expert consensus outlines risk factors,clinical manifestations,clinical grading,ancillary examinations,diagnostic basis,prevention and treatment strategies and efficacy indicators for OM.In addition to strategies such as basic oral care,antiinflammatory and analgesic agents,anti-infective agents,pro-healing agents,and photobiotherapy recommended in previous guidelines,we also emphasize the role of traditional Chinese medicine in OM prevention and treatment.This expert consensus aims to provide references and guidance for dental physicians and oncologists in formulating strategies for OM prevention,diagnosis,and treatment,standardizing clinical practice,reducing OM occurrence,promoting healing,and improving the quality of life of patients.展开更多
Mutations in ion channel genes have long been implicated in a spectrum of epilepsy syndromes.However,therapeutic decision-making is relatively complex for epilepsies associated with channelopathy.Therefore,in the pres...Mutations in ion channel genes have long been implicated in a spectrum of epilepsy syndromes.However,therapeutic decision-making is relatively complex for epilepsies associated with channelopathy.Therefore,in the present study,we used a patient-derived organoid model with a novel SCN2A mutation(p.E512K)to investigate the potential of utilizing such a model as a platform for preclinical testing of anti-seizure compounds.The electrophysiological properties of the variant Nav1.2 exhibited gain-of-function effects with increased current amplitude and premature activation.Immunofluorescence staining of patient-derived cortical organoids(COs)displayed normal neurodevelopment.Multielectrode array(MEA)recordings of patient-derived COs showed hyperexcitability with increased spiking and remarkable network bursts.Moreover,the application of patient-derived COs for preclinical drug testing using the MEA showed that they exhibit differential responses to various anti-seizure drugs and respond well to carbamazepine.Our results demonstrate that the individualized organoids have the potential to serve as a platform for preclinical pharmacological assessment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Small intestinal fistulas following drainage tube removal are rare but can cause significant morbidity.These complications are most commonly seen in the context of postoperative abdominal surgery.A small in...BACKGROUND Small intestinal fistulas following drainage tube removal are rare but can cause significant morbidity.These complications are most commonly seen in the context of postoperative abdominal surgery.A small intestinal fistula secondary to drainage tube removal after sigmoid colon cancer surgery is particularly uncommon.Unfortunately,the diagnosis is often delayed due to nonspecific symptoms and the rarity of the condition.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of an 80-year-old man who developed a small intestinal fistula following the removal of an abdominal drainage tube after radical surgery for sigmoid colon cancer.On postoperative Day 8,the patient experienced abdominal pain and nausea immediately after the drainage tube was removed.Imaging studies and contrast injection confirmed the presence of a small intestinal fistula.The patient underwent a second surgery for partial small intestine resection and end-to-end anastomosis,followed by supportive care.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of recognizing the potential for small intestinal fistulas following drainage tube removal in postoperative patients.Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention can lead to successful management and recovery.展开更多
In order to improve the deep learning training efficiency of the large reflector antenna active adjustment technique,this paper synthesizes the characteristic that each actuator can only adjust the panel connected to ...In order to improve the deep learning training efficiency of the large reflector antenna active adjustment technique,this paper synthesizes the characteristic that each actuator can only adjust the panel connected to it,and proposes a divided-ring antenna active adjustment deep learning training modeling method.The method organizes panel node data according to actuator ring positions,using panel displacements as input features and actuator adjustments as output labels.Through systematic sorting,reorganization,and normalization,the ring-divided data are transformed into grid-structured tensors suitable for convolutional processing.Multi-layer convolutional neural networks are then constructed for surface adjustment prediction,optimized through a hybrid strategy combining simulated annealing and the Adam algorithm.Through the dataset divided-ring preprocessing,active adjustment neural network construction and model training for the case of an 8 m reflector antenna,the analytical results show that the proposed method can effectively shorten the training time,and the final model's prediction accuracy is greatly improved,which demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12402465)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2023NSFSC1284)。
文摘We investigate the effects of projectile material on high-speed penetration/perforation of Inconel 718 alloy(IN718)plates.High-speed ballistic impact tests are conducted on 2 mm-thickness IN718 plates with 5-mm-diameter stainless steel 304(SS304),Ti alloy TC4,and Al alloy AA1060 spherical projectiles.The impact processes are captured with high-speed photography.Optical and scanning electron microscopy and laser scan are conducted on recovered projectiles and targets.Finite element models of the ballistic impact are established based on the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian algorithm with the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and failure criterion,and can well reproduce the experimental results.The experimental and simulated data related to projectile dynamics,and the geometries of postmortem projectiles and bullet holes are analyzed with phenomenological models.Projectile velocity evolution can be described with hydrodynamic models of penetration.Dimensional analysis reveals a universal relationship between the bullet hole expansion coefficient and the normalized dynamic pressure,regardless of the projectile material.However,the projectile material does affect projectile deformation,bullet hole size,and energy absorption of target.
基金supported by Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong province(2024A1515110016 and2023A1515140020)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52070042,and 52300127)。
文摘Modifying the chemical surrounding of N-doped carbon supported single-atom catalysts(SA/NCs)through heteroatom doping is a mainstream approach to optimize their performance for electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction.However,conventional SA/NCs mainly consists of in-plane metal sites feature with tightly symmetrical M–N_(4) coordination environments,limiting the regulatory strength of heteroatom doping.Herein,we proposed an edge-assisted heteroatom doping regulation strategy by constructing edge-type Ni sites supported on a hollow and leaf-shaped P-doped NC substrate(eNi/H-NPC).The two-dimensional leaf-shaped and hollow carbon can expose enriched edges.The edge structure can promote the accessibility of active sites,more importantly,intensifies electronic perturbation induced by heteroatom doping.Resultantly,the charge symmetry distribution of Ni–N_4 site is significantly disrupted,and energy barrier associated with the formation of*COOH intermediate is further diminished.eNi/HNPC achieves CO faradaic efficiency(FE_(CO))near 100%at-0.6 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(vs.RHE)and maintains FE_(CO)over 90%from-0.6 to-1.1 V(vs.RHE)in H-type cells.Remarkably,in gas-diffusion flow cells,eNi/H-NPC exhibits FE_(CO)reaches 98.9%and 96.5%in neutral and acidic electrolytes with the CO current density reach 283.5,and 397.2 mA cm^(-2),respectively,which are much superior than that of the bulk material with dominant in-plane active sites.Moreover,eNi/H-NPC serves as an efficient cathode in Zn–CO_(2) batteries,realized a discharge power density of 4.1 mW cm^(-2),and exceptional cycling durability over 35 h.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2023A1515010681)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.21622417)Special Projects in Key Fields of Guangdong Universities(2022ZDZX1005).
文摘The integration of phase change material(PCM)with building-integrated photovoltaic(BIPV)presents a compelling approach to enhance solar energy utilization and mitigate indoor thermal loads,contributing to energy-efficient and low-carbon building development.Traditional BIPV-PCM structures,however,struggle to balance PV efficiency and thermal insulation,particularly with varying PCM wall positions.To address this situation,this study introduces a novel double-PCM BIPV composite envelope(BIPV-dPCM).An experimentally validated dynamic heat transfer model was developed and used to perform a comparative simulation analysis with three reference systems to quantify the energy-saving potential of the BIPV-dPCM,focusing on PV output and wall insulation effectiveness metrics.Further dimensionless parametric analysis were carried out to investigate the systematic performance of the two PCMs at different relativities.In addition,the coupled working mechanism of the BIPV-dPCM system concerning the power generation performance and thermal insulation performance under transient variations is explored.It was found that the BIPV-dPCM showcases superior thermoelectric coupling performance compared to three alternative enclosures.Incorporating two PCMs significantly enhances electrical exergy efficiency by 11.66%and thermal exergy efficiency by 1.54%,surpassing other reference systems.The increase in PCM latent heat ratio has a limited effect on performance gain.Notably,as the PCM thickness ratio exceeds 1,the decline in P value decelerates,for every 0.5 increment in the g,the P value diminishes by merely 0.2%.The ideal h is identified between 1 and 1.5,with 1.5 being optimal for energy conservation objectives.Additionally,the self-sufficiency coefficient(SSC)of the BIPV-dPCM remains robust,sustaining a range of 55%to 65%over prolonged periods.This study offers novel perspectives and serves as a design reference for optimizing building energy systems and enhancing cooling efficiencies in subtropical climates.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20445)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(202206080009)。
文摘Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis(OM)is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy.Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment.To date,differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties,which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects.On the basis of current research evidence,this expert consensus outlines risk factors,clinical manifestations,clinical grading,ancillary examinations,diagnostic basis,prevention and treatment strategies and efficacy indicators for OM.In addition to strategies such as basic oral care,antiinflammatory and analgesic agents,anti-infective agents,pro-healing agents,and photobiotherapy recommended in previous guidelines,we also emphasize the role of traditional Chinese medicine in OM prevention and treatment.This expert consensus aims to provide references and guidance for dental physicians and oncologists in formulating strategies for OM prevention,diagnosis,and treatment,standardizing clinical practice,reducing OM occurrence,promoting healing,and improving the quality of life of patients.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2503802)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82271499 and 32450530)+1 种基金the Joint Project of the Yangtze River Delta Science and Technology Innovation Community(2024CSJZN00600)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFA1108000).
文摘Mutations in ion channel genes have long been implicated in a spectrum of epilepsy syndromes.However,therapeutic decision-making is relatively complex for epilepsies associated with channelopathy.Therefore,in the present study,we used a patient-derived organoid model with a novel SCN2A mutation(p.E512K)to investigate the potential of utilizing such a model as a platform for preclinical testing of anti-seizure compounds.The electrophysiological properties of the variant Nav1.2 exhibited gain-of-function effects with increased current amplitude and premature activation.Immunofluorescence staining of patient-derived cortical organoids(COs)displayed normal neurodevelopment.Multielectrode array(MEA)recordings of patient-derived COs showed hyperexcitability with increased spiking and remarkable network bursts.Moreover,the application of patient-derived COs for preclinical drug testing using the MEA showed that they exhibit differential responses to various anti-seizure drugs and respond well to carbamazepine.Our results demonstrate that the individualized organoids have the potential to serve as a platform for preclinical pharmacological assessment.
文摘BACKGROUND Small intestinal fistulas following drainage tube removal are rare but can cause significant morbidity.These complications are most commonly seen in the context of postoperative abdominal surgery.A small intestinal fistula secondary to drainage tube removal after sigmoid colon cancer surgery is particularly uncommon.Unfortunately,the diagnosis is often delayed due to nonspecific symptoms and the rarity of the condition.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of an 80-year-old man who developed a small intestinal fistula following the removal of an abdominal drainage tube after radical surgery for sigmoid colon cancer.On postoperative Day 8,the patient experienced abdominal pain and nausea immediately after the drainage tube was removed.Imaging studies and contrast injection confirmed the presence of a small intestinal fistula.The patient underwent a second surgery for partial small intestine resection and end-to-end anastomosis,followed by supportive care.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of recognizing the potential for small intestinal fistulas following drainage tube removal in postoperative patients.Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention can lead to successful management and recovery.
基金sponsored by the Tianshan Talent Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region under No.2024TSYCCX0010the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12303094 and 52165053)+2 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC220350)the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022D01C683)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M702751&2023T160549)。
文摘In order to improve the deep learning training efficiency of the large reflector antenna active adjustment technique,this paper synthesizes the characteristic that each actuator can only adjust the panel connected to it,and proposes a divided-ring antenna active adjustment deep learning training modeling method.The method organizes panel node data according to actuator ring positions,using panel displacements as input features and actuator adjustments as output labels.Through systematic sorting,reorganization,and normalization,the ring-divided data are transformed into grid-structured tensors suitable for convolutional processing.Multi-layer convolutional neural networks are then constructed for surface adjustment prediction,optimized through a hybrid strategy combining simulated annealing and the Adam algorithm.Through the dataset divided-ring preprocessing,active adjustment neural network construction and model training for the case of an 8 m reflector antenna,the analytical results show that the proposed method can effectively shorten the training time,and the final model's prediction accuracy is greatly improved,which demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
