BACKGROUND Although an association between gut microbiota and cholestatic liver disease(CLD)has been reported,the precise functional roles of these microbes in CLD pathogenesis remain largely unknown.AIM To explore th...BACKGROUND Although an association between gut microbiota and cholestatic liver disease(CLD)has been reported,the precise functional roles of these microbes in CLD pathogenesis remain largely unknown.AIM To explore the function of gut microbes in CLD pathogenesis and the effects of gut microbiota on intestinal barrier and bile acid(BA)metabolism in CLD.METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a 0.05%3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine diet for 2 weeks to induce CLD.The sterile liver tissues of mice were then meticulously harvested,and bacteria in homogenates were identified through culture methods.Furthermore,16S ribosomal DNA sequencing was employed to analyze sterile liver samples collected from eight patients with primary biliary cholangitis(PBC)and three control individuals with hepatic cysts.The functional roles of the identified bacteria in CLD pathogenesis were assessed through microbiota transfer experiments,involving the evaluation of changes in intestinal permeability and BA dynamics.RESULTS Ligilactobacillus murinus(L.murinus)and Lactococcus garvieae(L.garvieae)were isolated from the bacterial culture of livers from CLD mice.L.murinus was prevalently detected in PBC patients and controls,whereas L.garvieae was detected only in patients with PBC but not in controls.Mice inoculated with L.garvieae exhibited increased susceptibility to experimental CLD,with both in vitro and in vivo indicating that L.garvieae disrupted the intestinal barrier function by down-regulating the expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1.Moreover,L.garvieae administration significantly upregulated the expression of the apical sodium-dependent BA transporter in the terminal ileum and increased serum BA levels.CONCLUSION L.garvieae contributes to excessive BA-induced hepatobiliary injury and liver fibrosis by increasing intestinal permeability and enhancing BA reabsorption.展开更多
Residues of tetracycline antibiotics(TCs) in environments may be harmful to human.Due to their high polarities,it is extremely challenging to efficiently enrich TCs with low concentrations in natural waters for analys...Residues of tetracycline antibiotics(TCs) in environments may be harmful to human.Due to their high polarities,it is extremely challenging to efficiently enrich TCs with low concentrations in natural waters for analysis.In this work,a magnetic metal-organic framework Fe_(3)O_(4)@[Cu_(3)(btc)_(2)]was synthesized and applied as a dispersive micro-solid phase extraction adsorbent for TCs enrichment.Effects of dispersive micro-solid phase extraction conditions including extraction time,solution p H,and elution solvent on the extraction efficiencies of TCs were investigated.Results show that TCs could be enriched efficiently by Fe_(3)O_(4)@[Cu_(3)(btc)_(2)],and electrostatic interaction between TCs and Fe_(3)O_(4)@[Cu_(3)(btc)_(2)]dominated this process.Combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,four TCs residues (oxytetracycline,tetracycline,chlortetracycline,and doxycycline) in natural waters were determined.The detection limits (LOD,S/N=3) of the four antibiotics were 0.01-0.02μg/L,and the limits of quantitation (LOQ,S/N=10)were 0.04-0.07μg/L.The recoveries obtained from river water and aquaculture water spiked with three TCs concentration levels ranged from 70.3%to 96.5%with relative standard deviations of 3.8%-12.8%.Results indicate that the magnetic metal-organic framework based dispersive micro-solid phase extraction is simple,rapid and high-loading for antibiotics enrichment from water,which further expand the practical application of metal-organic frameworks in sample pretreatment for environmental pollutant analysis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Recently,the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)-based intervention on health outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)has been recognized in randomized controlled trials(RCTs),but no ...BACKGROUND Recently,the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)-based intervention on health outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)has been recognized in randomized controlled trials(RCTs),but no comprehensive systematic review has been conducted.To address this research gap,our study aimed to evaluate whether comprehensive CBT-based interventions positively affect health outcomes in CHD patients.It was hypothesized that CBT-based interventions are effective in:(1)Reducing depression,anxiety,and stress symptoms;(2)Reducing body mass index,blood pressure,and lipid levels;and(3)Improving quality of life,and exercise endurance.AIM To verify the effectiveness of CBT-based interventions on CHD patients through a meta-analysis of previous publications.METHODS Relevant RCTs published in English were obtained by searching electronic databases,including PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Scopus,and Proquest,with the retrieval time from inception to August 2020.The primary outcomes were psychological factors(depression,anxiety,and stress symptoms),physiological factors(body mass index,blood pressure,blood lipids).The secondary outcomes included quality of life and exercise endurance.We used Review Manager 5.3 to conduct the meta-analysis and used the Physiotherapy Evidence Database tool to evaluate the quality of studies.RESULTS A total of 22 RCTs comprising 4991 patients with CHD were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.The main analysis revealed that CBT-based intervention can reduce depression symptoms:-2.00[95%confidence interval(CI):-2.83 to-1.16,P<0.001];anxiety symptoms:-2.07(95%CI:-3.39 to-0.75,P=0.002);stress symptoms:-3.33(95%CI:-4.23 to-2.44,P<0.001);body mass index:-0.47(95%CI:-0.81 to-0.13,P=0.006);and improve physical functioning:3.36(95%CI:1.63 to 5.10,P=0.000)and mental functioning:6.91(95%CI:4.10 to 9.73,P<0.001).Moreover,subgroup analysis results showed that CBT-based interventions were more effective for symptoms of depression and anxiety in CHD patients when individual,as opposed to group treatment,and psycho-education,behavioral and cognitive strategies were applied as the core treatment approaches.CONCLUSION CBT-based interventions are effective treatment strategies for CHD patients,significantly improving their symptoms of depression,anxiety and stress,body mass index,and health-related quality of life.展开更多
Background：The long-term outcomes of patients with autoimmune hepatitis （AIH） given the immunosuppressive treatment are considered to be preferable.However,little is known about the response of AIH patients with ci...Background：The long-term outcomes of patients with autoimmune hepatitis （AIH） given the immunosuppressive treatment are considered to be preferable.However,little is known about the response of AIH patients with cirrhosis to immunosuppressive treatment.We assessed the effects of immunosuppressive therapy in Chinese AIH patients with cirrhosis from a tertiary hospital.Methods：Patients with a clinical diagnosis of AIH January 2000 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.Two-hundred and fourteen patients who were followed up and satisfied the simplified AIH criteria were included in the study.Among these patients,87 presented with cirrhosis when initially diagnosed for AIH.Immunosuppressive treatments were employed in 57 AIH patients who did not present with cirrhosis and 39 patients who presented with cirrhosis.Initial responses to immunosuppressive treatment of patients with and without cirrhosis were analyzed.Independent risk factors were assessed for predicting the prognosis of patients.The t-test and Cox regression statistical analysis were used.Results：In total,96 AIH patients including 39 with cirrhosis and 57 without cirrhosis underwent immunosuppressive therapy.The overall complete remission after initial immunosuppressive treatment was achieved in 81/96 patients （84.4%）,whereas 9/96 （9.4%） achieved incomplete response,and 6/96 （6.3%） occurred treatment failure.Compared to noncirrhotic patients,patients who presented with cirrhosis responded to treatment to a comparable extent regarding complete response （noncirrhosis 50/57 [87.7%] vs.cirrhosis 31/39 [79.5%],P =0.275）,incomplete remission （noncirrhosis 4/57 [7.0%] vs.cirrhosis 5/39 [12.8%],P =0.338）,and treatment failure （noncirrhosis 3/57 [5.3%] vs.cirrhosis 3/39 [7.7%],P =0.629）.Importantly,the remission rate was comparable （54/57 [94.7%] and 36/39 [92.3%],P =0.629） for noncirrhotic and cirrhotic patients after immunosuppressive therapy.Compared to patients who maintained remission （n =19） after drug withdrawal,patients who experienced relapse （n =17） had significantly higher levels of serum immunoglobulin G at entry （15.0 ± 6.5 g/L vs.22.3 ± 5.8 g/L,t =2.814,P =0.004）.Moreover,cirrhosis at presentation significantly increased the risk of disease exacerbation （hazard ratio [HR]：4.603;P =0.002）.The treatment of immunosuppressant （HR：0.058;P =0.005） and the level of aspartate aminotransferase at presentation （HR：1.002;P =0.017） also increased the risk of disease progression.Conclusions：The efficacy of initial immunosuppressive treatment in AIH patients with cirrhosis is comparable to that in those without cirrhosis.Cirrhotic patients not treated by immunosuppressants have poor long-term outcomes.展开更多
基金Supported by Tianjin Health Research Project,No.TJWJ2024QN005Beijing iGandan Public Welfare Foundation Artificial Liver Special Fund,No.iGandanF-1082024-RGG122.
文摘BACKGROUND Although an association between gut microbiota and cholestatic liver disease(CLD)has been reported,the precise functional roles of these microbes in CLD pathogenesis remain largely unknown.AIM To explore the function of gut microbes in CLD pathogenesis and the effects of gut microbiota on intestinal barrier and bile acid(BA)metabolism in CLD.METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a 0.05%3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine diet for 2 weeks to induce CLD.The sterile liver tissues of mice were then meticulously harvested,and bacteria in homogenates were identified through culture methods.Furthermore,16S ribosomal DNA sequencing was employed to analyze sterile liver samples collected from eight patients with primary biliary cholangitis(PBC)and three control individuals with hepatic cysts.The functional roles of the identified bacteria in CLD pathogenesis were assessed through microbiota transfer experiments,involving the evaluation of changes in intestinal permeability and BA dynamics.RESULTS Ligilactobacillus murinus(L.murinus)and Lactococcus garvieae(L.garvieae)were isolated from the bacterial culture of livers from CLD mice.L.murinus was prevalently detected in PBC patients and controls,whereas L.garvieae was detected only in patients with PBC but not in controls.Mice inoculated with L.garvieae exhibited increased susceptibility to experimental CLD,with both in vitro and in vivo indicating that L.garvieae disrupted the intestinal barrier function by down-regulating the expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1.Moreover,L.garvieae administration significantly upregulated the expression of the apical sodium-dependent BA transporter in the terminal ileum and increased serum BA levels.CONCLUSION L.garvieae contributes to excessive BA-induced hepatobiliary injury and liver fibrosis by increasing intestinal permeability and enhancing BA reabsorption.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21607003).
文摘Residues of tetracycline antibiotics(TCs) in environments may be harmful to human.Due to their high polarities,it is extremely challenging to efficiently enrich TCs with low concentrations in natural waters for analysis.In this work,a magnetic metal-organic framework Fe_(3)O_(4)@[Cu_(3)(btc)_(2)]was synthesized and applied as a dispersive micro-solid phase extraction adsorbent for TCs enrichment.Effects of dispersive micro-solid phase extraction conditions including extraction time,solution p H,and elution solvent on the extraction efficiencies of TCs were investigated.Results show that TCs could be enriched efficiently by Fe_(3)O_(4)@[Cu_(3)(btc)_(2)],and electrostatic interaction between TCs and Fe_(3)O_(4)@[Cu_(3)(btc)_(2)]dominated this process.Combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,four TCs residues (oxytetracycline,tetracycline,chlortetracycline,and doxycycline) in natural waters were determined.The detection limits (LOD,S/N=3) of the four antibiotics were 0.01-0.02μg/L,and the limits of quantitation (LOQ,S/N=10)were 0.04-0.07μg/L.The recoveries obtained from river water and aquaculture water spiked with three TCs concentration levels ranged from 70.3%to 96.5%with relative standard deviations of 3.8%-12.8%.Results indicate that the magnetic metal-organic framework based dispersive micro-solid phase extraction is simple,rapid and high-loading for antibiotics enrichment from water,which further expand the practical application of metal-organic frameworks in sample pretreatment for environmental pollutant analysis.
文摘BACKGROUND Recently,the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)-based intervention on health outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)has been recognized in randomized controlled trials(RCTs),but no comprehensive systematic review has been conducted.To address this research gap,our study aimed to evaluate whether comprehensive CBT-based interventions positively affect health outcomes in CHD patients.It was hypothesized that CBT-based interventions are effective in:(1)Reducing depression,anxiety,and stress symptoms;(2)Reducing body mass index,blood pressure,and lipid levels;and(3)Improving quality of life,and exercise endurance.AIM To verify the effectiveness of CBT-based interventions on CHD patients through a meta-analysis of previous publications.METHODS Relevant RCTs published in English were obtained by searching electronic databases,including PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Scopus,and Proquest,with the retrieval time from inception to August 2020.The primary outcomes were psychological factors(depression,anxiety,and stress symptoms),physiological factors(body mass index,blood pressure,blood lipids).The secondary outcomes included quality of life and exercise endurance.We used Review Manager 5.3 to conduct the meta-analysis and used the Physiotherapy Evidence Database tool to evaluate the quality of studies.RESULTS A total of 22 RCTs comprising 4991 patients with CHD were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.The main analysis revealed that CBT-based intervention can reduce depression symptoms:-2.00[95%confidence interval(CI):-2.83 to-1.16,P<0.001];anxiety symptoms:-2.07(95%CI:-3.39 to-0.75,P=0.002);stress symptoms:-3.33(95%CI:-4.23 to-2.44,P<0.001);body mass index:-0.47(95%CI:-0.81 to-0.13,P=0.006);and improve physical functioning:3.36(95%CI:1.63 to 5.10,P=0.000)and mental functioning:6.91(95%CI:4.10 to 9.73,P<0.001).Moreover,subgroup analysis results showed that CBT-based interventions were more effective for symptoms of depression and anxiety in CHD patients when individual,as opposed to group treatment,and psycho-education,behavioral and cognitive strategies were applied as the core treatment approaches.CONCLUSION CBT-based interventions are effective treatment strategies for CHD patients,significantly improving their symptoms of depression,anxiety and stress,body mass index,and health-related quality of life.
基金Acknowledgments We would like to thank Rui Lin, Mi-Mi Yang, and Li-Li Luo, who reviewed and edited the manuscript.This study was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81200282, and No. 81470834）.
文摘Background：The long-term outcomes of patients with autoimmune hepatitis （AIH） given the immunosuppressive treatment are considered to be preferable.However,little is known about the response of AIH patients with cirrhosis to immunosuppressive treatment.We assessed the effects of immunosuppressive therapy in Chinese AIH patients with cirrhosis from a tertiary hospital.Methods：Patients with a clinical diagnosis of AIH January 2000 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.Two-hundred and fourteen patients who were followed up and satisfied the simplified AIH criteria were included in the study.Among these patients,87 presented with cirrhosis when initially diagnosed for AIH.Immunosuppressive treatments were employed in 57 AIH patients who did not present with cirrhosis and 39 patients who presented with cirrhosis.Initial responses to immunosuppressive treatment of patients with and without cirrhosis were analyzed.Independent risk factors were assessed for predicting the prognosis of patients.The t-test and Cox regression statistical analysis were used.Results：In total,96 AIH patients including 39 with cirrhosis and 57 without cirrhosis underwent immunosuppressive therapy.The overall complete remission after initial immunosuppressive treatment was achieved in 81/96 patients （84.4%）,whereas 9/96 （9.4%） achieved incomplete response,and 6/96 （6.3%） occurred treatment failure.Compared to noncirrhotic patients,patients who presented with cirrhosis responded to treatment to a comparable extent regarding complete response （noncirrhosis 50/57 [87.7%] vs.cirrhosis 31/39 [79.5%],P =0.275）,incomplete remission （noncirrhosis 4/57 [7.0%] vs.cirrhosis 5/39 [12.8%],P =0.338）,and treatment failure （noncirrhosis 3/57 [5.3%] vs.cirrhosis 3/39 [7.7%],P =0.629）.Importantly,the remission rate was comparable （54/57 [94.7%] and 36/39 [92.3%],P =0.629） for noncirrhotic and cirrhotic patients after immunosuppressive therapy.Compared to patients who maintained remission （n =19） after drug withdrawal,patients who experienced relapse （n =17） had significantly higher levels of serum immunoglobulin G at entry （15.0 ± 6.5 g/L vs.22.3 ± 5.8 g/L,t =2.814,P =0.004）.Moreover,cirrhosis at presentation significantly increased the risk of disease exacerbation （hazard ratio [HR]：4.603;P =0.002）.The treatment of immunosuppressant （HR：0.058;P =0.005） and the level of aspartate aminotransferase at presentation （HR：1.002;P =0.017） also increased the risk of disease progression.Conclusions：The efficacy of initial immunosuppressive treatment in AIH patients with cirrhosis is comparable to that in those without cirrhosis.Cirrhotic patients not treated by immunosuppressants have poor long-term outcomes.
