Electrocatalysts play a crucial role in the performance of rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs),but it is still difficult to produce nonprecious materials with excellent bifunctional oxygen reduction reactions(ORR)and ...Electrocatalysts play a crucial role in the performance of rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs),but it is still difficult to produce nonprecious materials with excellent bifunctional oxygen reduction reactions(ORR)and oxygen evolution reactions(OER).Herein,conjugated polyaniline-phytic acid polymer(pANI-PA)was directly calcined to fabricate Co_(2)P nanoparticles embedded in N,P-doped carbon network composites(Co_(2)P@pDC-PA)for metal-air cathodes.The resulting pANI-PA derived Co_(2)Pbased carbon composite exhibits exceptional bifunctional ORR/OER activities with a half-wave potential of 0.79 V for ORR and 1.62 V of over-potential for OER at 10mA·cm^(-2).Owing to the synergistic effect of its unique three-dimensional(3D)structure,N,P-doped carbon framework,and encapsulated Co_(2)P nanoparticles,as-fabricated composite can be used as a highly efficient air cathode in the rechargeable metal-air battery.The assembled rechargeable ZAB demonstrates a high-power density of 190.0 mW·cm^(-2)and remarkable cycling stability over1000 h.This study introduced a novel approach that paves the way for the efficient,cost-effective,and scalable production of bifunctional electrocatalysts for rechargeable ZABs.展开更多
BACKGROUND The prevalence of coronary heart disease(CHD)is higher in patients with depression than in the general population.Recently,multiple novel biomarkers have been proposed to predict CHD risk,and these factors ...BACKGROUND The prevalence of coronary heart disease(CHD)is higher in patients with depression than in the general population.Recently,multiple novel biomarkers have been proposed to predict CHD risk,and these factors have been reported to be altered in patients with depression.AIM To explore whether these new biomarkers are associated with an increased risk of CHD in patients with depression.METHODS We recruited 279 healthy controls and 164 sex-and age-matched patients with depression and collected their clinical characteristics and laboratory values of novel cardiovascular biomarkers.The Framingham CHD risk score was used to assess the CHD risk of all individuals,and the cardiovascular markers related to the CHD risk in patients with depression were analyzed.RESULTS Patients with depression had an increased CHD risk of 5.3%(95%confidence interval:4.470-6.103)and altered novel cardiovascular biomarkers compared to healthy controls,which included lower levels of thyroid stimulating hormone,albumin,total bilirubin,total cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and higher levels of triglyceride(TG)and uric acid.Further regression analysis showed that illness duration,family history of depression,serum TG,and urea acid levels were significantly correlated with the Framingham risk score in patients with depression.CONCLUSION Patients with depression had a higher CHD risk and that their illness duration,family history of depression,serum TG,and uric acid levels could play important roles in predicting CHD risk.Moreover,elevated CHD risk in patients with depression was not only related to physiological changes caused by depression but also to their genetic susceptibility.展开更多
The wettability of reservoir rocks saturated with oil and water is one of the most important factors influencing petrophysics and oil recovery.Minerals with different wettability constitute the overall heterogeneous w...The wettability of reservoir rocks saturated with oil and water is one of the most important factors influencing petrophysics and oil recovery.Minerals with different wettability constitute the overall heterogeneous wettability in rocks.Variations in sample composi-tion can be detected by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)measurements.In this paper,the method of using the magnetic susceptibility contrast between rock skeleton and saturated fluid to estimate wettability is proposed.The theoretical feasibility was firstly analyzed,and then the internal gradients caused by magnetic susceptibility contrasts were employed to interpret wettability alteration before and after ageing process in rocks.It was discovered that water and oil in the same pores experienced different internal gradients after ageing,which were associated with the differences in magnetic susceptibility con-trasts.After that,the free induction decay measurement was performed to acquire mag-netic susceptibility contrasts of artificial sandstone samples with the intermediate-wet condition.A refined NMR wettability index was presented and correlated with the Amott wettability tests.The experimental results demonstrate that the new method for deter-mining wettability is feasible.展开更多
In this paper, the design optimization of the structural parameters of multilayer conductors in high temperature superconducting （HTS） cable is reviewed. Various optimization methods, such as the particle swarm opti...In this paper, the design optimization of the structural parameters of multilayer conductors in high temperature superconducting （HTS） cable is reviewed. Various optimization methods, such as the particle swarm optimization （PSO）, the genetic algorithm （GA）, and a robust optimization method based on design for six sigma （DFSS）, have been applied to realize uniform current distribution among the multilayer HTS conductors. The continuous and discrete variables, such as the winding angle, radius, and winding direction of each layer, are chosen as the design parameters. Under the constraints of the mechanical properties and critical current, PSO is proven to be a more powerful tool than GA for structural parameter optimization, and DFSS can not only achieve a uniform current distribution, but also improve significantly the reliability and robustness of the HTS cable quality.展开更多
Objective:In order to further study allergic rhinitis,the feasibility of the improved method of establishing mouse allergic rhinitis model by OVA combined with aluminum adjuvant was explored.Methods:16 BALB/c mice(SPF...Objective:In order to further study allergic rhinitis,the feasibility of the improved method of establishing mouse allergic rhinitis model by OVA combined with aluminum adjuvant was explored.Methods:16 BALB/c mice(SPF grade)were randomly divided into the control group and the OVA model group.In the OVA model group,mice were given intraperitoneal injection of OVA solution for sensitization(100μg/ml)at weeks 1,2,and 3,and each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 0.2 ml.On the 22nd to 28th days,the mice were given an OVA solution(100 mg/ml)for nasal stimulation,10μl per mouse,and 5μl per nostril for 7 consecutive days.The general behavior,body weight,and survival rate of the mice were observed on days 22-28,respectively.After 15 minutes of challenge on days 25 and 28,the number of sneezing and sniffing within 15 minutes was recorded.On day 29,spleen and thymus indexes of mice were evaluated,and blood was collected from the orbit to isolate serum,the IgE level was measured,and the histological changes of the nasal mucosa of the mice were observed.Results:OVA can cause significant weight loss in mice,and the weight of mice in the OVA model group is significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).On the 25th and 28th days,the number of sneezes in the OVA model group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(19.27±4.89)vs(4.45±1.25);(19.78±4.92)vs(4.52±1.28);P<0.05].The number of nasal scratching in the OVA model group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(23.14±7.17)vs(13.52±7.64);(23.75±7.35)vs(13.60±7.71);P<0.05].The spleen index of the OVA model group was significantly higher than that of the control group[(8.64±1.49)mg/g vs(4.04±0.65)mg/g,P<0.05],and the thymus index of the OVA model group was significantly lower than that of the control group[(0.75±0.54)mg/g vs(1.87±0.65)mg/g,P<0.05].The IgE level of the OVA model group were significantly higher than that of the control group[(932.86±352.34)μg/ml vs(99.82±0.97)μg/ml,P<0.05].The nasal mucosal tissue lesions in the model group were obvious.Conclusion:In this experiment,a modified OVA-aluminum adjuvant was used to successfully establish the mice model of allergic rhinitis.展开更多
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor, an optical sensor exploiting special electromagnetic waves-surface plasmon polaritons to probe interactions between an analyte in solution and a molecular recognition element im...Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor, an optical sensor exploiting special electromagnetic waves-surface plasmon polaritons to probe interactions between an analyte in solution and a molecular recognition element immobilized on the SPR sensor surface, has been widely used in various realms, such as investigating biomolecular interactions and binding properties, detection of biological and chemical analytes, environmental monitoring, food safety and medical diagnostics. This paper reviews the development of SPR sensors and SPR commercial instruments, and emphatically introduces the time-resolved surface plasmon resonance (TR-SPR) techniques. The excellent performances of high sensitivity and rapid detection are easily achieved with TR-SPR spectrometer, whereas the traditional SPR spectrometer cannot be accomplished. Therefore, TR-SPR spectrometer is appropriate for real time analysis of bio-recognition events and small molecular dynamics. However, only two commercial TR-SPR instruments have been exhibited at present, Thermo FT-SPR 100 and Autolab ESPRIT (SPRINGLE). Unfortunately, the high-priced instruments are not suitable for extensive applications in laboratories at present. Herein, a novel commercial TR-SPR spectrometer has been introduced in this review.展开更多
Based on the monitoring data of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River from 2008 to 2018 by the Water Resources Monitoring Center of Ji'an City,single factor evaluation method,comprehensive p...Based on the monitoring data of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River from 2008 to 2018 by the Water Resources Monitoring Center of Ji'an City,single factor evaluation method,comprehensive pollution index method and seasonal Kendall test method were adopted to study and analyze the characteristics of surface water resources and the changing trend of water quality in the river section.The results show that the water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River was generally good,and the water quality of each function zone reached the target requirement.The comprehensive pollution index was controlled between 0.21 and 0.40 over the years,and there was no significant change in time and space,and the water quality was relatively stable.The dissolved oxygen and permanganate index tended to improve,and there was no change in five-day biochemical oxygen demand,while ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus showed an upward trend.The water quality as a whole showed a trend of deterioration.By discussing the influencing factors of the characteristic pollutants,the causes of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River were further analyzed.It is suggested to strengthen the supervision and control of non-point source and point source pollution.展开更多
Although microgravity has been implicated in osteoporosis,the precise molecular mechanism remains elusive.Here,we found that microgravity might induce mitochondrial protein buildup in skeletal muscle,alongside reduced...Although microgravity has been implicated in osteoporosis,the precise molecular mechanism remains elusive.Here,we found that microgravity might induce mitochondrial protein buildup in skeletal muscle,alongside reduced levels of LONP1 protein.We revealed that disruptions in mitochondrial proteolysis,induced by the targeted skeletal muscle-specific deletion of the essential mitochondrial protease LONP1 or by the acute inducible deletion of muscle LONP1 in adult mice,cause reduced bone mass and compromised mechanical function.Moreover,the bone loss and weakness phenotypes were recapitulated in skeletal musclespecific overexpressing OTC mice,a known protein degraded by LONP1.Mechanistically,mitochondrial proteostasis imbalance triggered the mitochondrial unfolded protein response(UPR^(mt))in muscle,leading to an up-regulation of multiple myokines,including FGF21,which acts as a pro-osteoclastogenic factor.Surprisingly,this mitochondrial proteostasis stress influenced muscle-bone crosstalk independently of ATF4 in skeletal muscle.Furthermore,we established a marked association between serum FGF21 levels and bone health in humans.These findings emphasize the pivotal role of skeletal muscle mitochondrial proteostasis in responding to alterations in loading conditions and in coordinating UPR^(mt) to modulate bone metabolism.展开更多
Circular RNAs(circRNAs),a type of head-to-tail closed RNA molecules,have been implicated in various aspects of plant development and stress responses through transcriptome sequencing;however,the precise functional rol...Circular RNAs(circRNAs),a type of head-to-tail closed RNA molecules,have been implicated in various aspects of plant development and stress responses through transcriptome sequencing;however,the precise functional roles of circRNAs in plants remain poorly understood.In this study,we identified a highly expressed circular RNA,circZmMED16,derived from exon 8 of the mediator complex subunit 16(ZmMED16)across different maize(Zea mays L.)inbred lines using circRNA-seq analysis.This circRNA is predominantly expressed in maize tassels and functions in the cytoplasm.Overexpression of circZmMED16 resulted in increased expression of ZmMED16/AtMED16 and delayed flowering in both maize and Arabidopsis thaliana,compared with that in wild-type plants.In contrast,overexpression of the parent gene ZmMED16 did not alter the flowering time of transgenic plants in Arabidopsis,suggesting that circZmMED16 plays a specific role in regulating flowering,distinct from that of linear ZmMED16.To further understand the mechanisms underlying the regulation of flowering time by circZmMED16,we performed RNA pull-down,dual-luciferase,RNA interference(RNAi),and ribonuclease protection assays(RPA).These results indicate that circZmMED16 interacts with small subunit 1 of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase(APS1)mRNA in both maize and Arabidopsis.The knockdown of circZmMED16 increased the expression of ZmAPS1,whereas the overexpression of circZmMED16 led to the downregulation of ZmAPS1 RNA and protein.By affecting ZmAPS1 expression,circZmMED16 reduced ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase(AGPase)activity and led to delayed flowering.These results revealed a novel regulatory mechanism for circRNAs in flowering time and shed light on their functional and regulatory roles in plants.展开更多
The portable electrochemical sensors couple with high-energy density batteries lay the foundation for intelligent electronic devices capable of real-time and long-term monitoring of signals at the molecular level.Curr...The portable electrochemical sensors couple with high-energy density batteries lay the foundation for intelligent electronic devices capable of real-time and long-term monitoring of signals at the molecular level.Currently,highentropy materials play a crucial role in advanced energy storage system and electroanalytical chemistry due to their powerful multi active centers and lattice strain fields.Herein,we propose high-entropy Prussian blue analogues(HE-PBA)as a bidirectional catalyst to reduce the activation energy of sulfur redox reaction,alleviate polysulfides shuttle,and inhibit lithium dendritic growth in Li-S battery.Furthermore,benefited from hierarchical HE-PBA with multiple redox active sites,superior ion-selective effect,high ionic/electrical conductivity and hydrophobicity,thus contributing to splendid ion-electron transducer capability as solid contact layer in wearable potentiometric electrochemical sensors.As a result,an advanced wearable electronic device integrates LSB as a power source with potentiometric electrochemical sensor unit equipped with ion selective electrode,enabling real-time monitoring of Kt concentration in sweat metabolite during outdoor exercise.In a word,this work demonstrates a tremendous potential of designing multifunctional electrode materials for advanced energy storage and electrochemical sensing applications through high entropy strategies.展开更多
Plants perceive rhythmic photoperiodic signals to modulate flowering time.In Arabidopsis thaliana,long-day light conditions accelerate flowering through CONSTANS(CO)-activated FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)signal pathway.The C...Plants perceive rhythmic photoperiodic signals to modulate flowering time.In Arabidopsis thaliana,long-day light conditions accelerate flowering through CONSTANS(CO)-activated FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)signal pathway.The CO protein abundance presents circadian oscillation,enabling precise regulation of FT transcription.NTL8 belongs to the NAC transcription factor family and is reported to control leaf trichome development.Here,we reported that NTL8 regulated flowering time in Arabidopsis,because overexpressing NTL8 significantly delayed flowering time,whereas loss-of-function mutant of NTL8 accelerated flowering time.NTL8 also presented circadian expression,maintaining elevated transcript levels during the daytime.Biochemical and genetic analyses revealed that NTL8 physically interacted with CO in planta,thereby antagonizing CO activity and repressing FT expression to delay the flowering time.Furthermore,overexpressing NTL8 reduced the protein stability of CO,particularly by attenuating CO accumulation in the morning time and promoting CO degradation during the night.Collectively,our findings indicated that NTL8 delayed photoperiod-dependent flowering time by suppressing CO-mediated activation of FT expression and destabilizing CO protein.This study uncovers a previously unrecognized role for NTL8 in coordinating circadian and photoperiodic signals to fine-tune flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana.展开更多
Damping is known to have a considerable influence on the dynamic behavior of bridges.The fixed damping ratios recommended in design codes do not necessarily represent the complicated damping characteristics of bridge ...Damping is known to have a considerable influence on the dynamic behavior of bridges.The fixed damping ratios recommended in design codes do not necessarily represent the complicated damping characteristics of bridge structures.This study investigated the application of stress-dependent damping associated with vehicle-bridge coupling vibration and based on that investigation proposed the stress-dependent damping ratio.The results of the investigation show that the stress-dependent damping ratio is significantly different from the constant damping ratio(5%)defined in the standard specification.When vehicles travel at speeds of 30,60,and 90,the damping ratios of the bridge model are 3.656%,3.658%,and 3.671%,respectively.The peak accelerations using the regular damping ratio are 18.9%,21.3%,and 14.5%of the stress-dependent damping ratio,respectively.When the vehicle load on the bridge is doubled,the peak acceleration of the mid-span node increases by 5.4 times,and the stress-related damping ratio increases by 2.1%.A corrugated steel-web bridge is being used as a case study,and the vibration response of the bridge is compared with the measured results.The acceleration response of the bridge which was calculated using the stress-dependent damping ratio is significantly closer to the measured acceleration response than that using the regular damping ratio.展开更多
基金financially supported by Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation and Huangshi of China(No.2022CFD039)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22075072,52202284 and 52301272)+6 种基金the College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of China(Nos.D202305271035223001,D202305271407085899 and D202305272109110950)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.LQ23E020002)Wenzhou Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Research Projects(No.ZG2023053)Wenzhou Natural Science Foundation(Nos.ZG2022032,G20220019 and G20220021)the Cooperation between Industry and Education Project of Ministry of Education(No.220601318235513)the State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi'an Jiaotong University(No.EIPE22208)the Doctoral Innovation Foundation of Wenzhou University(No.3162023001001)。
文摘Electrocatalysts play a crucial role in the performance of rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs),but it is still difficult to produce nonprecious materials with excellent bifunctional oxygen reduction reactions(ORR)and oxygen evolution reactions(OER).Herein,conjugated polyaniline-phytic acid polymer(pANI-PA)was directly calcined to fabricate Co_(2)P nanoparticles embedded in N,P-doped carbon network composites(Co_(2)P@pDC-PA)for metal-air cathodes.The resulting pANI-PA derived Co_(2)Pbased carbon composite exhibits exceptional bifunctional ORR/OER activities with a half-wave potential of 0.79 V for ORR and 1.62 V of over-potential for OER at 10mA·cm^(-2).Owing to the synergistic effect of its unique three-dimensional(3D)structure,N,P-doped carbon framework,and encapsulated Co_(2)P nanoparticles,as-fabricated composite can be used as a highly efficient air cathode in the rechargeable metal-air battery.The assembled rechargeable ZAB demonstrates a high-power density of 190.0 mW·cm^(-2)and remarkable cycling stability over1000 h.This study introduced a novel approach that paves the way for the efficient,cost-effective,and scalable production of bifunctional electrocatalysts for rechargeable ZABs.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82301737.
文摘BACKGROUND The prevalence of coronary heart disease(CHD)is higher in patients with depression than in the general population.Recently,multiple novel biomarkers have been proposed to predict CHD risk,and these factors have been reported to be altered in patients with depression.AIM To explore whether these new biomarkers are associated with an increased risk of CHD in patients with depression.METHODS We recruited 279 healthy controls and 164 sex-and age-matched patients with depression and collected their clinical characteristics and laboratory values of novel cardiovascular biomarkers.The Framingham CHD risk score was used to assess the CHD risk of all individuals,and the cardiovascular markers related to the CHD risk in patients with depression were analyzed.RESULTS Patients with depression had an increased CHD risk of 5.3%(95%confidence interval:4.470-6.103)and altered novel cardiovascular biomarkers compared to healthy controls,which included lower levels of thyroid stimulating hormone,albumin,total bilirubin,total cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and higher levels of triglyceride(TG)and uric acid.Further regression analysis showed that illness duration,family history of depression,serum TG,and urea acid levels were significantly correlated with the Framingham risk score in patients with depression.CONCLUSION Patients with depression had a higher CHD risk and that their illness duration,family history of depression,serum TG,and uric acid levels could play important roles in predicting CHD risk.Moreover,elevated CHD risk in patients with depression was not only related to physiological changes caused by depression but also to their genetic susceptibility.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42004105)Natural Science General Program of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.20KJD430002)+1 种基金Foundation of Changzhou Institute of Technology(YN20025)College student innovation and entrepreneurship training program(202211055012Z and 202211055067X).
文摘The wettability of reservoir rocks saturated with oil and water is one of the most important factors influencing petrophysics and oil recovery.Minerals with different wettability constitute the overall heterogeneous wettability in rocks.Variations in sample composi-tion can be detected by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)measurements.In this paper,the method of using the magnetic susceptibility contrast between rock skeleton and saturated fluid to estimate wettability is proposed.The theoretical feasibility was firstly analyzed,and then the internal gradients caused by magnetic susceptibility contrasts were employed to interpret wettability alteration before and after ageing process in rocks.It was discovered that water and oil in the same pores experienced different internal gradients after ageing,which were associated with the differences in magnetic susceptibility con-trasts.After that,the free induction decay measurement was performed to acquire mag-netic susceptibility contrasts of artificial sandstone samples with the intermediate-wet condition.A refined NMR wettability index was presented and correlated with the Amott wettability tests.The experimental results demonstrate that the new method for deter-mining wettability is feasible.
文摘In this paper, the design optimization of the structural parameters of multilayer conductors in high temperature superconducting （HTS） cable is reviewed. Various optimization methods, such as the particle swarm optimization （PSO）, the genetic algorithm （GA）, and a robust optimization method based on design for six sigma （DFSS）, have been applied to realize uniform current distribution among the multilayer HTS conductors. The continuous and discrete variables, such as the winding angle, radius, and winding direction of each layer, are chosen as the design parameters. Under the constraints of the mechanical properties and critical current, PSO is proven to be a more powerful tool than GA for structural parameter optimization, and DFSS can not only achieve a uniform current distribution, but also improve significantly the reliability and robustness of the HTS cable quality.
基金The National Science and Technology Major Project-Major New Drug Creation Project(No.2018ZX09711003-005-007)Xinjiang Real Estate Chinese Medicine and National Medicine New Drug R&D Project(No.2016-01-01).
文摘Objective:In order to further study allergic rhinitis,the feasibility of the improved method of establishing mouse allergic rhinitis model by OVA combined with aluminum adjuvant was explored.Methods:16 BALB/c mice(SPF grade)were randomly divided into the control group and the OVA model group.In the OVA model group,mice were given intraperitoneal injection of OVA solution for sensitization(100μg/ml)at weeks 1,2,and 3,and each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 0.2 ml.On the 22nd to 28th days,the mice were given an OVA solution(100 mg/ml)for nasal stimulation,10μl per mouse,and 5μl per nostril for 7 consecutive days.The general behavior,body weight,and survival rate of the mice were observed on days 22-28,respectively.After 15 minutes of challenge on days 25 and 28,the number of sneezing and sniffing within 15 minutes was recorded.On day 29,spleen and thymus indexes of mice were evaluated,and blood was collected from the orbit to isolate serum,the IgE level was measured,and the histological changes of the nasal mucosa of the mice were observed.Results:OVA can cause significant weight loss in mice,and the weight of mice in the OVA model group is significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).On the 25th and 28th days,the number of sneezes in the OVA model group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(19.27±4.89)vs(4.45±1.25);(19.78±4.92)vs(4.52±1.28);P<0.05].The number of nasal scratching in the OVA model group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(23.14±7.17)vs(13.52±7.64);(23.75±7.35)vs(13.60±7.71);P<0.05].The spleen index of the OVA model group was significantly higher than that of the control group[(8.64±1.49)mg/g vs(4.04±0.65)mg/g,P<0.05],and the thymus index of the OVA model group was significantly lower than that of the control group[(0.75±0.54)mg/g vs(1.87±0.65)mg/g,P<0.05].The IgE level of the OVA model group were significantly higher than that of the control group[(932.86±352.34)μg/ml vs(99.82±0.97)μg/ml,P<0.05].The nasal mucosal tissue lesions in the model group were obvious.Conclusion:In this experiment,a modified OVA-aluminum adjuvant was used to successfully establish the mice model of allergic rhinitis.
文摘Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor, an optical sensor exploiting special electromagnetic waves-surface plasmon polaritons to probe interactions between an analyte in solution and a molecular recognition element immobilized on the SPR sensor surface, has been widely used in various realms, such as investigating biomolecular interactions and binding properties, detection of biological and chemical analytes, environmental monitoring, food safety and medical diagnostics. This paper reviews the development of SPR sensors and SPR commercial instruments, and emphatically introduces the time-resolved surface plasmon resonance (TR-SPR) techniques. The excellent performances of high sensitivity and rapid detection are easily achieved with TR-SPR spectrometer, whereas the traditional SPR spectrometer cannot be accomplished. Therefore, TR-SPR spectrometer is appropriate for real time analysis of bio-recognition events and small molecular dynamics. However, only two commercial TR-SPR instruments have been exhibited at present, Thermo FT-SPR 100 and Autolab ESPRIT (SPRINGLE). Unfortunately, the high-priced instruments are not suitable for extensive applications in laboratories at present. Herein, a novel commercial TR-SPR spectrometer has been introduced in this review.
基金Supported by the Open Foundation of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Ecological Environment Research Center,Ministry of Water Resources(ZXKT201707)Science and Technology Innovation Foundation for Young Scholars of Jiangxi Hydrological Bureau in 2018(SWJJ-KT201805).
文摘Based on the monitoring data of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River from 2008 to 2018 by the Water Resources Monitoring Center of Ji'an City,single factor evaluation method,comprehensive pollution index method and seasonal Kendall test method were adopted to study and analyze the characteristics of surface water resources and the changing trend of water quality in the river section.The results show that the water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River was generally good,and the water quality of each function zone reached the target requirement.The comprehensive pollution index was controlled between 0.21 and 0.40 over the years,and there was no significant change in time and space,and the water quality was relatively stable.The dissolved oxygen and permanganate index tended to improve,and there was no change in five-day biochemical oxygen demand,while ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus showed an upward trend.The water quality as a whole showed a trend of deterioration.By discussing the influencing factors of the characteristic pollutants,the causes of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River were further analyzed.It is suggested to strengthen the supervision and control of non-point source and point source pollution.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.82372497 to Z.Zhu,no.82072393 to Y.Q,and nos.91857105,31922033,32071136,and 32100922 to Z.G.and T.F.)Ministry of Science and Technology of China(National Key R&D Program of China 2018YFA0800700 and 2022YFA0806000 to Z.G.)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(sec20230146 to Y.Y.)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(021414380517 to T.F.and 021414380511,021414380529,and 021414380524 to Z.G.)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M731633 to Y.Y.)。
文摘Although microgravity has been implicated in osteoporosis,the precise molecular mechanism remains elusive.Here,we found that microgravity might induce mitochondrial protein buildup in skeletal muscle,alongside reduced levels of LONP1 protein.We revealed that disruptions in mitochondrial proteolysis,induced by the targeted skeletal muscle-specific deletion of the essential mitochondrial protease LONP1 or by the acute inducible deletion of muscle LONP1 in adult mice,cause reduced bone mass and compromised mechanical function.Moreover,the bone loss and weakness phenotypes were recapitulated in skeletal musclespecific overexpressing OTC mice,a known protein degraded by LONP1.Mechanistically,mitochondrial proteostasis imbalance triggered the mitochondrial unfolded protein response(UPR^(mt))in muscle,leading to an up-regulation of multiple myokines,including FGF21,which acts as a pro-osteoclastogenic factor.Surprisingly,this mitochondrial proteostasis stress influenced muscle-bone crosstalk independently of ATF4 in skeletal muscle.Furthermore,we established a marked association between serum FGF21 levels and bone health in humans.These findings emphasize the pivotal role of skeletal muscle mitochondrial proteostasis in responding to alterations in loading conditions and in coordinating UPR^(mt) to modulate bone metabolism.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFF1001500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A20209, 32072074,32372146, and 32301763)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China (2023ZYD0087, 2024NSFSC1206,2024NSFSC0334, and 2025NSFSC0251)the Key Research Program of the Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province,China (2021YFN0034).
文摘Circular RNAs(circRNAs),a type of head-to-tail closed RNA molecules,have been implicated in various aspects of plant development and stress responses through transcriptome sequencing;however,the precise functional roles of circRNAs in plants remain poorly understood.In this study,we identified a highly expressed circular RNA,circZmMED16,derived from exon 8 of the mediator complex subunit 16(ZmMED16)across different maize(Zea mays L.)inbred lines using circRNA-seq analysis.This circRNA is predominantly expressed in maize tassels and functions in the cytoplasm.Overexpression of circZmMED16 resulted in increased expression of ZmMED16/AtMED16 and delayed flowering in both maize and Arabidopsis thaliana,compared with that in wild-type plants.In contrast,overexpression of the parent gene ZmMED16 did not alter the flowering time of transgenic plants in Arabidopsis,suggesting that circZmMED16 plays a specific role in regulating flowering,distinct from that of linear ZmMED16.To further understand the mechanisms underlying the regulation of flowering time by circZmMED16,we performed RNA pull-down,dual-luciferase,RNA interference(RNAi),and ribonuclease protection assays(RPA).These results indicate that circZmMED16 interacts with small subunit 1 of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase(APS1)mRNA in both maize and Arabidopsis.The knockdown of circZmMED16 increased the expression of ZmAPS1,whereas the overexpression of circZmMED16 led to the downregulation of ZmAPS1 RNA and protein.By affecting ZmAPS1 expression,circZmMED16 reduced ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase(AGPase)activity and led to delayed flowering.These results revealed a novel regulatory mechanism for circRNAs in flowering time and shed light on their functional and regulatory roles in plants.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22204028)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund Project(2022A1515110451)+2 种基金Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou(2023A03J0029)Young Talent Support Project of Guangzhou Association for Science and Technology(QT-2023-003)National College Students'Innovation Training Program(202311078019).
文摘The portable electrochemical sensors couple with high-energy density batteries lay the foundation for intelligent electronic devices capable of real-time and long-term monitoring of signals at the molecular level.Currently,highentropy materials play a crucial role in advanced energy storage system and electroanalytical chemistry due to their powerful multi active centers and lattice strain fields.Herein,we propose high-entropy Prussian blue analogues(HE-PBA)as a bidirectional catalyst to reduce the activation energy of sulfur redox reaction,alleviate polysulfides shuttle,and inhibit lithium dendritic growth in Li-S battery.Furthermore,benefited from hierarchical HE-PBA with multiple redox active sites,superior ion-selective effect,high ionic/electrical conductivity and hydrophobicity,thus contributing to splendid ion-electron transducer capability as solid contact layer in wearable potentiometric electrochemical sensors.As a result,an advanced wearable electronic device integrates LSB as a power source with potentiometric electrochemical sensor unit equipped with ion selective electrode,enabling real-time monitoring of Kt concentration in sweat metabolite during outdoor exercise.In a word,this work demonstrates a tremendous potential of designing multifunctional electrode materials for advanced energy storage and electrochemical sensing applications through high entropy strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970289).
文摘Plants perceive rhythmic photoperiodic signals to modulate flowering time.In Arabidopsis thaliana,long-day light conditions accelerate flowering through CONSTANS(CO)-activated FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)signal pathway.The CO protein abundance presents circadian oscillation,enabling precise regulation of FT transcription.NTL8 belongs to the NAC transcription factor family and is reported to control leaf trichome development.Here,we reported that NTL8 regulated flowering time in Arabidopsis,because overexpressing NTL8 significantly delayed flowering time,whereas loss-of-function mutant of NTL8 accelerated flowering time.NTL8 also presented circadian expression,maintaining elevated transcript levels during the daytime.Biochemical and genetic analyses revealed that NTL8 physically interacted with CO in planta,thereby antagonizing CO activity and repressing FT expression to delay the flowering time.Furthermore,overexpressing NTL8 reduced the protein stability of CO,particularly by attenuating CO accumulation in the morning time and promoting CO degradation during the night.Collectively,our findings indicated that NTL8 delayed photoperiod-dependent flowering time by suppressing CO-mediated activation of FT expression and destabilizing CO protein.This study uncovers a previously unrecognized role for NTL8 in coordinating circadian and photoperiodic signals to fine-tune flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana.
基金This work was supported by the Open Project of National Engineering Laboratory of Bridge Structure Safety Technology of China(No.2020-GJKFKT-7)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Research Institutes and Public Service Special Operations of China(No.2021-9083a)+1 种基金the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province of China(No.2019B111106002)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Research Institutes and Public Service Special Operations of China(No.2021-9015b).
文摘Damping is known to have a considerable influence on the dynamic behavior of bridges.The fixed damping ratios recommended in design codes do not necessarily represent the complicated damping characteristics of bridge structures.This study investigated the application of stress-dependent damping associated with vehicle-bridge coupling vibration and based on that investigation proposed the stress-dependent damping ratio.The results of the investigation show that the stress-dependent damping ratio is significantly different from the constant damping ratio(5%)defined in the standard specification.When vehicles travel at speeds of 30,60,and 90,the damping ratios of the bridge model are 3.656%,3.658%,and 3.671%,respectively.The peak accelerations using the regular damping ratio are 18.9%,21.3%,and 14.5%of the stress-dependent damping ratio,respectively.When the vehicle load on the bridge is doubled,the peak acceleration of the mid-span node increases by 5.4 times,and the stress-related damping ratio increases by 2.1%.A corrugated steel-web bridge is being used as a case study,and the vibration response of the bridge is compared with the measured results.The acceleration response of the bridge which was calculated using the stress-dependent damping ratio is significantly closer to the measured acceleration response than that using the regular damping ratio.
