Multiple switchable physical channels within one material or device,encompassing optical,electrical,thermal,and mechanical pathways,can enable multifunctionality in mechanical-thermal-opto-electronic applications.Achi...Multiple switchable physical channels within one material or device,encompassing optical,electrical,thermal,and mechanical pathways,can enable multifunctionality in mechanical-thermal-opto-electronic applications.Achieving integrated encryption and enhanced performance in storage and sensing presents a formidable challenge in the synthesis and functionality of new materials.In an effort to overcome the complexities associated with these multiple physical functions,this study investigates the large-size crystal of DPACdCl_(4)(DPA=diisopropylammonium),revealing significant features in rare multi-channel switches.This compound demonstrates the ability to switch between"OFF/0"and"ON/1"states in the mechanical-thermal-opto-electronic channels.Consequently,DPACd Cl_(4)possesses four switchable physical channels,characterized by a higher phase transition temperature of 440.7 K and a competitive piezo-electric coefficient of 46 pC/N.Furthermore,solid-state NMR analysis indicates that thermally activated molecular vibrations significantly contribute to its multifunctional switching capabilities.展开更多
Cerebral small vessel disease encompasses a group of neurological disorders characterized by injury to small blood vessels,often leading to stroke and dementia.Due to its diverse etiologies and complex pathological me...Cerebral small vessel disease encompasses a group of neurological disorders characterized by injury to small blood vessels,often leading to stroke and dementia.Due to its diverse etiologies and complex pathological mechanisms,preventing and treating cerebral small vessel vasculopathy is challenging.Recent studies have shown that the glymphatic system plays a crucial role in interstitial solute clearance and the maintenance of brain homeostasis.Increasing evidence also suggests that dysfunction in glymphatic clearance is a key factor in the progression of cerebral small vessel disease.This review begins with a comprehensive introduction to the structure,function,and driving factors of the glymphatic system,highlighting its essential role in brain waste clearance.Afterwards,cerebral small vessel disease was reviewed from the perspective of the glymphatic system,after which the mechanisms underlying their correlation were summarized.Glymphatic dysfunction may lead to the accumulation of metabolic waste in the brain,thereby exacerbating the pathological processes associated with cerebral small vessel disease.The review also discussed the direct evidence of glymphatic dysfunction in patients and animal models exhibiting two subtypes of cerebral small vessel disease:arteriolosclerosis-related cerebral small vessel disease and amyloid-related cerebral small vessel disease.Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space is an important non-invasive tool for assessing the clearance function of the glymphatic system.However,the effectiveness of its parameters needs to be enhanced.Among various nervous system diseases,including cerebral small vessel disease,glymphatic failure may be a common final pathway toward dementia.Overall,this review summarizes prevention and treatment strategies that target glymphatic drainage and will offer valuable insight for developing novel treatments for cerebral small vessel disease.展开更多
In this paper, a series of Fe- and Co-doped lanthanum（hydr）oxides catalysts were prepared by a simple coprecipitationhydrothermal method. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized with various techniques includin...In this paper, a series of Fe- and Co-doped lanthanum（hydr）oxides catalysts were prepared by a simple coprecipitationhydrothermal method. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized with various techniques including powder X-ray diffraction（XRD）, N2 adsorption/desorption, inductively coupled plasma（ICP） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The Fe-based catalysts exhibited consecutive phase changes of amorphous Fe Ox→FeLaO3→Fe2N under different stages（as-prepared→calcination→ammonia decomposition reaction）; as for Co-based catalysts, the phase transformation followed a sequence of Co（OH）2→Co3O4→metallic Co. It was revealed that Fe2N and metallic Co were most probably the active crystalline phase respectively for Feand Co-based catalysts in the decomposition of ammonia.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Encephalofluctuograph Technology （ET） is an advanced and non-traumatic analytical method of brain function. ET can acquire super-slow waves from electroencephalic signals. Studies have shown that these ...BACKGROUND： Encephalofluctuograph Technology （ET） is an advanced and non-traumatic analytical method of brain function. ET can acquire super-slow waves from electroencephalic signals. Studies have shown that these particular spectra can reflect neurochemical processes in the brain. OBJECTIVE： To verify neurotransmitter changes in the brains Parkinson＇s disease （PD） patients through the use of ET. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A non-randomized concurrent control experiment was performed at the Department of Neurology in Southern Building, General Hospital of Chinese PLA from August to December 2007. PARTICIPANTS： Sixty-one outpatients with PD were selected from the General Hospital of Chinese PLA from August 2007 to December 2007. In addition, 48 healthy subjects were selected as normal controls. METHODS： All patients underwent assessment of the sub scale Ⅱ, Ⅲ and V of the Unified Parkinson＇s Disease Rating Scale （UPDRS）, in which part Ⅱ was used to inform activity of daily living, part Ⅲ reflected athletic ability, and part Ⅴ was the Hoehn ＆ Yahr grade for symptoms evaluation. Correlation analysis was performed between dopamine levels and UPDRS assessment. Neurotransmitter changes were observed forty-eight prior to and 1.5 hours after medicating with Benserazide. The S1, S2, S4, S5, S7, and S 11 spectras respectively reflect gamma-aminobutyric acid （GABA）, glutamic acid （Glu）, 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）, acetylcholine （ACh）, norepinephrine, and dopamine. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Neurotransmitter changes in the brains of all subjects, and correlations between dopamine concentrations and UPDRS assessment. Neurotransmitter changes in a subgroup of patients prior to and 1.5 hours after medicating with Benserazide. RESULTS： Concentrations of 5-HT, ACh, and norepinephrine were decreased in the PD group, and GABA was increased. However, there was no significant difference compared with the normal control group （P 〉 0.05）. The level of dopamine in PD group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. Dopamine concentrations in PD patients negatively correlated with UPDRS scores and the Hoehn ＆Yahr grade range （r = 0.4601, -0.4301, P 〈 0.01）. Dopamine levels increased significantly in PD patients 1.5 hours after medicating with Benserazide compared with before （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Detection by ET demonstrated that dopamine concentrations were significantly decreased in the brains of PD patients, as well as played a role in the course of pathogenesis and therapy. These results provided useful information for future non-traumatic of PD.展开更多
For engineering structures with saline soil as a filling material,such as channel slope,road subgrade,etc.,the rich soluble salt in the soil is an important potential factor affecting their safety performance.This stu...For engineering structures with saline soil as a filling material,such as channel slope,road subgrade,etc.,the rich soluble salt in the soil is an important potential factor affecting their safety performance.This study examines the Atterberg limits,shear strength,and compressibility of carbonate saline soil samples with different NaHCO3 contents in Northeast China.The mechanism underlying the influence of salt content on soil macroscopic properties was investigated based on a volumetric flask test,a mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)test,and a scanning electron microscopic(SEM)test.The results demonstrated that when NaHCO3 contents were lower than the threshold value of 1.5%,the bound water film adsorbed on the surface of clay particles thickened continuously,and correspondingly,the Atterberg limits and plasticity index increased rapidly as the increase of sodium ion content.Meanwhile,the bonding force between particles was weakened,the dispersion of large aggregates was enhanced,and the soil structure became looser.Macroscopically,the compressibility increased and the shear strength(mainly cohesion)decreased by 28.64%.However,when the NaHCO3 content exceeded the threshold value of 1.5%,the salt gradually approached solubility and filled the pores between particles in the form of crystals,resulting in a decrease in soil porosity.The cementation effect generated by salt crystals increased the bonding force between soil particles,leading to a decrease in plasticity index and an improvement in soil mechanical properties.Moreover,this work provides valuable suggestions and theoretical guidance for the scientific utilization of carbonate saline soil in backfill engineering projects.展开更多
Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)is the most severe epidemic that is prevalent all over the world.How quickly and accurately identifying COVID-19 is of great significance to controlling the spread speed of the epidem...Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)is the most severe epidemic that is prevalent all over the world.How quickly and accurately identifying COVID-19 is of great significance to controlling the spread speed of the epidemic.Moreover,it is essential to accurately and rapidly identify COVID-19 lesions by analyzing Chest X-ray images.As we all know,image segmentation is a critical stage in image processing and analysis.To achieve better image segmentation results,this paper proposes to improve the multi-verse optimizer algorithm using the Rosenbrock method and diffusion mechanism named RDMVO.Then utilizes RDMVO to calculate the maximum Kapur’s entropy for multilevel threshold image segmentation.This image segmentation scheme is called RDMVO-MIS.We ran two sets of experiments to test the performance of RDMVO and RDMVO-MIS.First,RDMVO was compared with other excellent peers on IEEE CEC2017 to test the performance of RDMVO on benchmark functions.Second,the image segmentation experiment was carried out using RDMVO-MIS,and some meta-heuristic algorithms were selected as comparisons.The test image dataset includes Berkeley images and COVID-19 Chest X-ray images.The experimental results verify that RDMVO is highly competitive in benchmark functions and image segmentation experiments compared with other meta-heuristic algorithms.展开更多
This study sought to analyze the genotype and gene mutations of human seizure-related gene 6 in 98 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy （non-febrile seizures）, who were selected from three generations of th...This study sought to analyze the genotype and gene mutations of human seizure-related gene 6 in 98 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy （non-febrile seizures）, who were selected from three generations of the Chinese Han population living in Shanghai, Zhejiang Province, Wuxi of Jiangsu Province, and Jiangxi Province of Southern China. Twenty-six patients＇ parents were available as a first-degree relatives group and 100 biologically unrelated healthy controls were collected as the control group. Based on the age of onset and seizure type, the patients were divided into six subgroups. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA direct sequencing analysis showed that the most frequent mutations c. 1249dupC （p.Gly418Argfx31 ） and c.1636A 〉 G （p.Thr546Ala） were detected in some idiopathic generalized epilepsy patients and tl^eir asymptomatic first-degree relatives （30.6% vs. 19.2% and 11.2% vs. 26.9%）. A novel mutation c.1807G 〉A （p.Val603Met） was found in a patient with late-onset idiopathic generalized epilepsy. There was no significant difference in the incidence of these three mutations among the different subgroups of idiopathic generalized epilepsy and controls. Thus, further analysis of a larger population is needed to confirm the assumption that human seizure-related gene 6 is a susceptibility gene for idiopathic generalized epilepsy with various sub-syndromes.展开更多
The relationship between two countries is based on the affection between two Peoples.As a direct form of people-to-people exchange,and due to its extensive participation and simple objective,tourism is playing a more ...The relationship between two countries is based on the affection between two Peoples.As a direct form of people-to-people exchange,and due to its extensive participation and simple objective,tourism is playing a more and more important role in enhancing the affection between people and boosting understanding,thus enriching the展开更多
基金financial supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52303256)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ23B040004)Jinhua Industrial Major Project(No.2022-1-043)。
文摘Multiple switchable physical channels within one material or device,encompassing optical,electrical,thermal,and mechanical pathways,can enable multifunctionality in mechanical-thermal-opto-electronic applications.Achieving integrated encryption and enhanced performance in storage and sensing presents a formidable challenge in the synthesis and functionality of new materials.In an effort to overcome the complexities associated with these multiple physical functions,this study investigates the large-size crystal of DPACdCl_(4)(DPA=diisopropylammonium),revealing significant features in rare multi-channel switches.This compound demonstrates the ability to switch between"OFF/0"and"ON/1"states in the mechanical-thermal-opto-electronic channels.Consequently,DPACd Cl_(4)possesses four switchable physical channels,characterized by a higher phase transition temperature of 440.7 K and a competitive piezo-electric coefficient of 46 pC/N.Furthermore,solid-state NMR analysis indicates that thermally activated molecular vibrations significantly contribute to its multifunctional switching capabilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82274304(to YH)the Major Clinical Study Projects of Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center,No.SHDC2020CR2046B(to YH)Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Talent Plan,No.2022LJ010(to YH).
文摘Cerebral small vessel disease encompasses a group of neurological disorders characterized by injury to small blood vessels,often leading to stroke and dementia.Due to its diverse etiologies and complex pathological mechanisms,preventing and treating cerebral small vessel vasculopathy is challenging.Recent studies have shown that the glymphatic system plays a crucial role in interstitial solute clearance and the maintenance of brain homeostasis.Increasing evidence also suggests that dysfunction in glymphatic clearance is a key factor in the progression of cerebral small vessel disease.This review begins with a comprehensive introduction to the structure,function,and driving factors of the glymphatic system,highlighting its essential role in brain waste clearance.Afterwards,cerebral small vessel disease was reviewed from the perspective of the glymphatic system,after which the mechanisms underlying their correlation were summarized.Glymphatic dysfunction may lead to the accumulation of metabolic waste in the brain,thereby exacerbating the pathological processes associated with cerebral small vessel disease.The review also discussed the direct evidence of glymphatic dysfunction in patients and animal models exhibiting two subtypes of cerebral small vessel disease:arteriolosclerosis-related cerebral small vessel disease and amyloid-related cerebral small vessel disease.Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space is an important non-invasive tool for assessing the clearance function of the glymphatic system.However,the effectiveness of its parameters needs to be enhanced.Among various nervous system diseases,including cerebral small vessel disease,glymphatic failure may be a common final pathway toward dementia.Overall,this review summarizes prevention and treatment strategies that target glymphatic drainage and will offer valuable insight for developing novel treatments for cerebral small vessel disease.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21301107,21501109)Fundamental Research Funding of Shandong University(2014JC005)+1 种基金the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(China)Doctoral Funding of Ministry of Education of China(20130131120009)
文摘In this paper, a series of Fe- and Co-doped lanthanum（hydr）oxides catalysts were prepared by a simple coprecipitationhydrothermal method. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized with various techniques including powder X-ray diffraction（XRD）, N2 adsorption/desorption, inductively coupled plasma（ICP） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The Fe-based catalysts exhibited consecutive phase changes of amorphous Fe Ox→FeLaO3→Fe2N under different stages（as-prepared→calcination→ammonia decomposition reaction）; as for Co-based catalysts, the phase transformation followed a sequence of Co（OH）2→Co3O4→metallic Co. It was revealed that Fe2N and metallic Co were most probably the active crystalline phase respectively for Feand Co-based catalysts in the decomposition of ammonia.
文摘BACKGROUND： Encephalofluctuograph Technology （ET） is an advanced and non-traumatic analytical method of brain function. ET can acquire super-slow waves from electroencephalic signals. Studies have shown that these particular spectra can reflect neurochemical processes in the brain. OBJECTIVE： To verify neurotransmitter changes in the brains Parkinson＇s disease （PD） patients through the use of ET. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A non-randomized concurrent control experiment was performed at the Department of Neurology in Southern Building, General Hospital of Chinese PLA from August to December 2007. PARTICIPANTS： Sixty-one outpatients with PD were selected from the General Hospital of Chinese PLA from August 2007 to December 2007. In addition, 48 healthy subjects were selected as normal controls. METHODS： All patients underwent assessment of the sub scale Ⅱ, Ⅲ and V of the Unified Parkinson＇s Disease Rating Scale （UPDRS）, in which part Ⅱ was used to inform activity of daily living, part Ⅲ reflected athletic ability, and part Ⅴ was the Hoehn ＆ Yahr grade for symptoms evaluation. Correlation analysis was performed between dopamine levels and UPDRS assessment. Neurotransmitter changes were observed forty-eight prior to and 1.5 hours after medicating with Benserazide. The S1, S2, S4, S5, S7, and S 11 spectras respectively reflect gamma-aminobutyric acid （GABA）, glutamic acid （Glu）, 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）, acetylcholine （ACh）, norepinephrine, and dopamine. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Neurotransmitter changes in the brains of all subjects, and correlations between dopamine concentrations and UPDRS assessment. Neurotransmitter changes in a subgroup of patients prior to and 1.5 hours after medicating with Benserazide. RESULTS： Concentrations of 5-HT, ACh, and norepinephrine were decreased in the PD group, and GABA was increased. However, there was no significant difference compared with the normal control group （P 〉 0.05）. The level of dopamine in PD group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. Dopamine concentrations in PD patients negatively correlated with UPDRS scores and the Hoehn ＆Yahr grade range （r = 0.4601, -0.4301, P 〈 0.01）. Dopamine levels increased significantly in PD patients 1.5 hours after medicating with Benserazide compared with before （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Detection by ET demonstrated that dopamine concentrations were significantly decreased in the brains of PD patients, as well as played a role in the course of pathogenesis and therapy. These results provided useful information for future non-traumatic of PD.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42330708 and 41820104001)。
文摘For engineering structures with saline soil as a filling material,such as channel slope,road subgrade,etc.,the rich soluble salt in the soil is an important potential factor affecting their safety performance.This study examines the Atterberg limits,shear strength,and compressibility of carbonate saline soil samples with different NaHCO3 contents in Northeast China.The mechanism underlying the influence of salt content on soil macroscopic properties was investigated based on a volumetric flask test,a mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)test,and a scanning electron microscopic(SEM)test.The results demonstrated that when NaHCO3 contents were lower than the threshold value of 1.5%,the bound water film adsorbed on the surface of clay particles thickened continuously,and correspondingly,the Atterberg limits and plasticity index increased rapidly as the increase of sodium ion content.Meanwhile,the bonding force between particles was weakened,the dispersion of large aggregates was enhanced,and the soil structure became looser.Macroscopically,the compressibility increased and the shear strength(mainly cohesion)decreased by 28.64%.However,when the NaHCO3 content exceeded the threshold value of 1.5%,the salt gradually approached solubility and filled the pores between particles in the form of crystals,resulting in a decrease in soil porosity.The cementation effect generated by salt crystals increased the bonding force between soil particles,leading to a decrease in plasticity index and an improvement in soil mechanical properties.Moreover,this work provides valuable suggestions and theoretical guidance for the scientific utilization of carbonate saline soil in backfill engineering projects.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY21F020001,LZ22F020005)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62076185,U1809209)+1 种基金Science and Technology Plan Project of Wenzhou,China(ZG2020026)We also acknowledge the respected editor and reviewers'efforts to enhance the quality of this research.
文摘Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)is the most severe epidemic that is prevalent all over the world.How quickly and accurately identifying COVID-19 is of great significance to controlling the spread speed of the epidemic.Moreover,it is essential to accurately and rapidly identify COVID-19 lesions by analyzing Chest X-ray images.As we all know,image segmentation is a critical stage in image processing and analysis.To achieve better image segmentation results,this paper proposes to improve the multi-verse optimizer algorithm using the Rosenbrock method and diffusion mechanism named RDMVO.Then utilizes RDMVO to calculate the maximum Kapur’s entropy for multilevel threshold image segmentation.This image segmentation scheme is called RDMVO-MIS.We ran two sets of experiments to test the performance of RDMVO and RDMVO-MIS.First,RDMVO was compared with other excellent peers on IEEE CEC2017 to test the performance of RDMVO on benchmark functions.Second,the image segmentation experiment was carried out using RDMVO-MIS,and some meta-heuristic algorithms were selected as comparisons.The test image dataset includes Berkeley images and COVID-19 Chest X-ray images.The experimental results verify that RDMVO is highly competitive in benchmark functions and image segmentation experiments compared with other meta-heuristic algorithms.
基金supported by Shanghai Natural Science Foundation, China, No. ZR1404500
文摘This study sought to analyze the genotype and gene mutations of human seizure-related gene 6 in 98 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy （non-febrile seizures）, who were selected from three generations of the Chinese Han population living in Shanghai, Zhejiang Province, Wuxi of Jiangsu Province, and Jiangxi Province of Southern China. Twenty-six patients＇ parents were available as a first-degree relatives group and 100 biologically unrelated healthy controls were collected as the control group. Based on the age of onset and seizure type, the patients were divided into six subgroups. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA direct sequencing analysis showed that the most frequent mutations c. 1249dupC （p.Gly418Argfx31 ） and c.1636A 〉 G （p.Thr546Ala） were detected in some idiopathic generalized epilepsy patients and tl^eir asymptomatic first-degree relatives （30.6% vs. 19.2% and 11.2% vs. 26.9%）. A novel mutation c.1807G 〉A （p.Val603Met） was found in a patient with late-onset idiopathic generalized epilepsy. There was no significant difference in the incidence of these three mutations among the different subgroups of idiopathic generalized epilepsy and controls. Thus, further analysis of a larger population is needed to confirm the assumption that human seizure-related gene 6 is a susceptibility gene for idiopathic generalized epilepsy with various sub-syndromes.
文摘The relationship between two countries is based on the affection between two Peoples.As a direct form of people-to-people exchange,and due to its extensive participation and simple objective,tourism is playing a more and more important role in enhancing the affection between people and boosting understanding,thus enriching the
