AIM:To investigate the effects of nintedanib on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in cells derived from pterygium,aiming to explore its potential as a pharmacological intervention for pterygium treatment.METHODS:P...AIM:To investigate the effects of nintedanib on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in cells derived from pterygium,aiming to explore its potential as a pharmacological intervention for pterygium treatment.METHODS:Primary human pterygium epithelial cells(hPEC)and human conjunctival epithelial(hCJE)cells were isolated from patients,cultured,and characterized.The impact of nintedanib on transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)-induced EMT was assessed by examining the expression of EMT markers such as vimentin and E-cadherin.Additionally,the modulation of the miR-23b-3p/transforming growth factor beta receptor 2(TGFBR2)/Smad2 pathway by nintedanib was investigated to elucidate its potential antifibrotic mechanism.RESULTS:The expression of miR-23b-3p gene in hCJE cells was significantly higher than that in hPEC cells.Nintedanib effectively mitigated TGF-β-induced EMT in cells derived from pterygium,as evidenced by the downregulation of vimentin and upregulation of E-cadherin.When the nintedanib concentration exceeded 1μmol/L,it significantly suppressed the proliferation of hPEC cells and significantly inhibited the migration distance of hPEC cells within 48h(P<0.01).The immunoprecipitation experiment showed that nintedanib modulated the TGFBR2 protein’s response to TGF-βindependently of miR-23b-3p.Both nintedanib and transfection with miR-23b-3p mimic significantly inhibited the expression levels of phosphorylated Smad2,snail homolog 1(Drosophila,SNAIL),and SNAI2(also known as SLUG,snail family transcriptional repressor 2)proteins.CONCLUSION:Nintedanib is found to modulate the miR-23b-3p/TGFBR2/Smad2 pathway,suggesting a novel antifibrotic mechanism.These findings collectively highlight nintedanib’s therapeutic potential in managing pterygium,marking a significant step toward non-surgical treatment options.Nintedanib may offer a targeted pharmacological treatment that could complement or reduce the need for surgical interventions.展开更多
A potential orthorhombic phase of Ta_(2)O_(5),designated as Y-Ta_(2)O_(5),is predicted under high-pressure conditions using density functional theory(DFT)combined with structural search algorithms.This phase,containin...A potential orthorhombic phase of Ta_(2)O_(5),designated as Y-Ta_(2)O_(5),is predicted under high-pressure conditions using density functional theory(DFT)combined with structural search algorithms.This phase,containing four formula units per unit cell(Z=4),exhibits the highest Ta-O coordination numbers reported to date.Y-Ta_(2)O_(5)is identified as the most energetically stable form of Ta_(2)O_(5)within the pressure range of approximately 70 GPa to at least 200 GPa.Both standard DFT-GGA and higher-accuracy GW calculations indicate that Y-Ta_(2)O_(5)is a wide-bandgap semiconductor with a direct bandgap.Furthermore,nuclear quantum effects(NQEs)introduce nontrivial corrections to external pressure at fixed volumes,underscoring their significance in high-pressure phase stability analyses.展开更多
Photometric redshifts of galaxies obtained by multi-wavelength data are widely used in photometric surveys because of their high efficiency.Although various methods have been developed,template fitting is still adopte...Photometric redshifts of galaxies obtained by multi-wavelength data are widely used in photometric surveys because of their high efficiency.Although various methods have been developed,template fitting is still adopted as one of the most popular approaches.Its accuracy strongly depends on the quality of the spectral energy distribution(SED)templates,which can be calibrated using broadband photometric data from galaxies with known spectroscopic redshifts.Such calibration is expected to improve photometric redshift accuracy,as the calibrated templates will align with observed photometric data more closely.The upcoming China Space Station Telescope(CSST)is one of the Stage IV surveys,which is aiming for high precision cosmological studies.To improve the accuracy of photometric redshift estimation for CSST,we calibrated the CWW+KIN templates using a perturbation algorithm with broadband photometric data from the CSST mock catalog.This calibration used a training set consisting of approximately 4500 galaxies,which is 10%of the total galaxy sample.The outlier fraction and scatter of the photometric redshifts derived from the calibrated templates are 2.55%and 0.036,respectively.Compared to the CWW+KIN templates,these values are reduced by 34%and 23%,respectively.This demonstrates that SED templates calibrated with a small training set can effectively optimize photometric redshift accuracy for future large-scale surveys like CSST,especially with limited spectral training data.展开更多
An intrinsic magnetic topological insulator(TI) is a stoichiometric magnetic compound possessing both inherent magnetic order and topological electronic states. Such a material can provide a shortcut to various novel ...An intrinsic magnetic topological insulator(TI) is a stoichiometric magnetic compound possessing both inherent magnetic order and topological electronic states. Such a material can provide a shortcut to various novel topological quantum effects but remained elusive experimentally for a long time. Here we report the experimental realization of thin films of an intrinsic magnetic TI, MnBi2Te4, by alternate growth of a Bi2Te3 quintuple layer and a MnTe bilayer with molecular beam epitaxy. The material shows the archetypical Dirac surface states in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and is demonstrated to be an antiferromagnetic topological insulator with ferromagnetic surfaces by magnetic and transport measurements as well as first-principles calculations. The unique magnetic and topological electronic structures and their interplays enable the material to embody rich quantum phases such as quantum anomalous Hall insulators and axion insulators at higher temperature and in a well-controlled way.展开更多
AIM:To explore the potential risk factors related to gastrointestinal cancer in northern China.METHODS:A total of 3314 cases of gastrointestinal cancer(esophageal,gastric,pancreatic and biliary) and 2223 controls(incl...AIM:To explore the potential risk factors related to gastrointestinal cancer in northern China.METHODS:A total of 3314 cases of gastrointestinal cancer(esophageal,gastric,pancreatic and biliary) and 2223 controls(including healthy individuals,glioma and thyroid cancer) were analyzed by case-control study.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the association between different cancers and hepatitis B surface antigen,sex,age,blood type,diabetes,or family history of cancer.RESULTS:Type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with gastric,biliary and pancreatic cancer with an OR of 2.0-3.0.Blood type B was significantly associated with esophageal cancer [odd ratio(OR) = 1.53,95% confidence interval(CI) = 1.10-2.14] and biliary cancer(OR = 1.49,95% CI = 1.09-2.05).The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was significantly higher in gastric,biliary and pancreatic cancers compared with other groups,with ORs ranging between 2.0 and 3.0.Family history of cancer was strongly associated with gastrointestinal compared with other cancers.CONCLUSION:Blood type B individuals are susceptible to esophageal and biliary cancer.Type 2 diabetes is significantly associated with gastric,biliary and especially pancreatic cancer.展开更多
AIM: To clarify the role of high in normal-1 (HIN-1) gene promoter methylation during gastric cancer development. METHODS: Gastric cancer cell lines and tissue specimens were analyzed for expression of HIN-1 mRNA and ...AIM: To clarify the role of high in normal-1 (HIN-1) gene promoter methylation during gastric cancer development. METHODS: Gastric cancer cell lines and tissue specimens were analyzed for expression of HIN-1 mRNA and protein using the semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The methylation of the HIN-1 gene promoter was detected in gastric carcinoma cells and tissues using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium cell viability assay and flow cytometry were used to assess the changes in behaviors of gastric cancer cells with or without 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine treatment. RESULTS: HIN-1 was not expressed in 4 of 5 gastric cancer cell lines. The demethylation reagent 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine was able to induce or upregulate HIN-1 expression in gastric cancer cell lines, which is associated with reduction of tumor cell viability. Furthermore, methylation of the HIN-1 gene promoter was shown in 57.8% (26/45) of the primary gastric cancer and 42.1% (17/38) of adjacent tissue samples, but was not shown in normal gastric mucosa (0/10). From the clinicopathological data of the patients, methylation of the HIN-1 gene promoter was found to be associated with tumor differentiation (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: High methylation of HIN-1 gene promoter results in silence of HIN-1 expression in gastric cancer. 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine reverses HIN-1 methylation and reduces viability of gastric cancer cells.展开更多
Opposed multi-burner(OMB)gasification technology is the first large-scale gasification technology developed in China with completely independent intellectual property rights.It has been widely used around the world,in...Opposed multi-burner(OMB)gasification technology is the first large-scale gasification technology developed in China with completely independent intellectual property rights.It has been widely used around the world,involving synthetic ammonia,methanol,ethylene glycol,coal liquefaction,hydrogen production and other fields.This paper summarizes the research and development process of OMB gasification technology from the perspective of the cold model experiment and process simulation,pilotscale study and industrial demonstration.The latest progress of fundamental research in nozzle atomization and dispersion,mixing enhancement of impinging flow,multiscale reaction of different carbonaceous feedstocks,spectral characteristic of impinging flame and particle characteristics inside gasifier,and comprehensive gasification model are reviewed.The latest industrial application progress of ultralarge-scale OMB gasifier and radiant syngas cooler(RSC)combined with quenching chamber OMB gasifier are introduced,and the prospects for the future technical development are proposed as well.展开更多
Electrolysis is a promising technology to improve sludge dewaterability efficiently with negligible environmental impact. To intensify the electrolytic efficiency, the effect of electrolytes(NaCl, Na_2SO_4, NaNO_3, an...Electrolysis is a promising technology to improve sludge dewaterability efficiently with negligible environmental impact. To intensify the electrolytic efficiency, the effect of electrolytes(NaCl, Na_2SO_4, NaNO_3, and NaClO_4) on electrolysis pretreatment of municipal sludge and its mechanisms was investigated using Ti/PbO_2 electrodes. The electrolytes,which enhanced the production of oxidative radicals, showed a significant synergetic effect in reducing the capillary suction time(CST) of sludge. NaCl was distinguished from the other electrolytes since it formed a large amount of active chlorine species, which oxidized the sludge cells to improve the sludge dewaterability. The surface morphologies as well as the soluble proteins and polysaccharides were analyzed to unravel the underlying mechanisms of sludge dewaterability. Additionally, an economic assessment showed that NaCl addition in the electrolysis pretreatment can be a suitable technique for enhancing municipal sludge dewaterability.展开更多
NAC family transcription factors(TFs) are important regulators in plant development and stress responses. However, the biological functions of NAC TFs in wheat are rarely studied. In this study, 43 putative drought-in...NAC family transcription factors(TFs) are important regulators in plant development and stress responses. However, the biological functions of NAC TFs in wheat are rarely studied. In this study, 43 putative drought-induced NAC genes were identified from de novo transcriptome sequencing data of wheat following drought treatment. Twelve wheat NACs along with ten known stress-related NACs from Arabidopsis and rice were clustered into Group II based on a phylogenetic analysis. Ta NAC48, which showed a higher and constitutive expression level in Group Ⅱ, was selected for further investigation.Ta NAC48 transcript was up-regulated by drought, PEG, H_(2)O_(2) and abscisic acid(ABA) treatment and encoded a nuclear localized protein. Overexpression of Ta NAC48 significantly promoted drought tolerance with increased proline content, and decreased rates of water loss, malondialdehyde(MDA), H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2)^(-) content. Root length and a stomatal aperture assay confirmed that Ta NAC48-overexpression plants increased sensitivity to ABA. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA) and luciferase reporter analysis indicated that Ta AREB3 could bind to a cis-acting ABA-responsive element(ABRE) on Ta NAC48 promoter and activate the expression of Ta NAC48. These results suggest that Ta NAC48 is essential in mediating crosstalk between the ABA signaling pathway and drought stress responses in wheat.展开更多
In this paper,a class of new immersed interface finite element methods (IIFEM) is developed to solve elasticity interface problems with homogeneous and non-homogeneous jump conditions in two dimensions.Simple non-body...In this paper,a class of new immersed interface finite element methods (IIFEM) is developed to solve elasticity interface problems with homogeneous and non-homogeneous jump conditions in two dimensions.Simple non-body-fitted meshes are used.For homogeneous jump conditions,both non-conforming and conforming basis functions are constructed in such a way that they satisfy the natural jump conditions. For non-homogeneous jump conditions,a pair of functions that satisfy the same non-homogeneous jump conditions are constructed using a level-set representation of the interface.With such a pair of functions,the discontinuities across the interface in the solution and flux are removed;and an equivalent elasticity interface problem with homogeneous jump conditions is formulated.Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate that such methods have second order convergence.展开更多
Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)is a rapidly developing super-resolution technology.It has been widely used in various application fields of biomedicine due to its excellent two-and three-dimensional imaging ca...Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)is a rapidly developing super-resolution technology.It has been widely used in various application fields of biomedicine due to its excellent two-and three-dimensional imaging capabilities.Furthermore,faster three-dimensional imaging methods are required to help enable more research-oriented living cell imaging.In this paper,a fast and sensitive three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy based on asymmetric three-beam interference is proposed.An innovative time-series acquisition method is employed to halve the time required to obtain each raw image.A segmented half-wave plate as a substantial linear polarization modulation method is applied to the three-dimensional SIM system for the first time.Although it needs to acquire 21 raw images instead of 15 to reconstruct one super-resolution image,the SIM setup proposed in this paper is 30%faster than the traditional spatial light modulator-SIM(SLM-SIM)in imaging each super-resolution image.The related theoretical derivation,hardware system,and verification experiment are elaborated in this paper.The stable and fast 3D super-resolution imaging method proposed in this paper is of great significance to the research of organelle interaction,intercellular communication,and other biomedical fields.展开更多
·AIM: To identify the pathogenic mutations in a Chinese pedigree affected with Usher syndrome type II(USH2).· METHODS: The ophthalmic examinations and audiometric tests were performed to ascertain the phenot...·AIM: To identify the pathogenic mutations in a Chinese pedigree affected with Usher syndrome type II(USH2).· METHODS: The ophthalmic examinations and audiometric tests were performed to ascertain the phenotype of the family. To detect the genetic defect,exons of 103 known RDs-associated genes including 12 Usher syndrome(USH) genes of the proband were captured and sequencing analysis was performed to exclude known genetic defects and find potential pathogenic mutations. Subsequently, candidate mutations were validated in his pedigree and 100 normal controls using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Sanger sequencing.·RESULTS: The patient in the family occurred hearing loss(HL) and retinitis pigmentosa(RP) without vestibular dysfunction, which were consistent with standards of classification for USH2. He carried the compound heterozygous mutations, c.721 C 】T and c.1969 C 】T, in the MYO7 A gene and the unaffected members carried only one of the two mutations. The mutations were not present in the 100 normal controls.· CONCLUSION: We suggested that the compound heterozygous mutations of the MYO7 A could lead to USH2, which had revealed distinguished clinical phenotypes associated with MYO7 A and expanded the spectrum of clinical phenotypes of the MYO7 A mutations.展开更多
Delayed or non-healing of diabetic wounds is a significant complication,often attributed to high glucose-induced M1 macrophage accumulation,impaired angiogenesis,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)buildup.Addressing this...Delayed or non-healing of diabetic wounds is a significant complication,often attributed to high glucose-induced M1 macrophage accumulation,impaired angiogenesis,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)buildup.Addressing this,we introduced a strontium polyphenol network microneedle patch(SrC-MPNs@MN-PP)for percutaneous drug delivery.This patch,formulated with polymer poly(γ-glutamic acid)(γ-PGA)and epsilon-poly-l-lysine(ε-PLL),incorporates strontium polyphenol networks(SrC-MPNs).The release of chlorogenic acid(CGA)from SrC-MPNs not only neutralizes ROS,but strontium ions also foster angiogen-esis.Consequently,SrC-MPNs@MN-PP can ameliorate the diabetic wound microenvironment and expedite healing.展开更多
The development of multifunctional contrast agents contributes significant character in the diagnosis of cancer. However, still efforts are required to design and improve the biocompatibility of contrast agents for ea...The development of multifunctional contrast agents contributes significant character in the diagnosis of cancer. However, still efforts are required to design and improve the biocompatibility of contrast agents for early detection of cancer. Herein, we synthesized splat shape Fe_3O_4/Au nanocomposites for multimode biomedical applications. Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) results showed that the splat-like Fe_3O_4/Au structure was in the range of 130 nm and homogeneously distributed in the aqueous medium. The nanocomposites were incubated with MCF-7 cells to investigate the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) activities. The excellent T_2 MRI and enhanced SERS properties were obtained without any cytotoxicity. These results demonstrated that assynthesized splat-shaped Fe_3O_4/Au nanocomposites may be a promising MRI/SERS dual probe for the tumor detection.展开更多
Photocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) has garnered a lot of interest in the field of wastewater treatment. Herein, a plasmonic Ag nanoparticles decorated MIL-101(Fe) hybrid was synthesized through a pho...Photocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) has garnered a lot of interest in the field of wastewater treatment. Herein, a plasmonic Ag nanoparticles decorated MIL-101(Fe) hybrid was synthesized through a photodeposition process. Upon light irradiation, the Ag/MIL-101(Fe) exhibit reinforced photocatalytic activities for elimination of bisphenol A (BPA) with PMS. The optimized 2.0% Ag/MIL-101(Fe) composite presented the highest photocatalytic activity with kinetic constant k of 0.102 min-1, which was about 10-fold of the pristine MIL-101(Fe). Loading of plasmonic Ag into MIL-101(Fe) boosts photoinduced carrier separation and accelerates PMS activation to generate strong oxidative radicals. Photoelectrochemical tests and multiple spectroscopic studies confirmed the promoted charge carrier separation and transfer capability of Ag/MIL-101(Fe). Combining the results of radical trapping experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR), the formed SO4·-, ·OH, ·O2- and 1O2 had a significant role in the photocatalytic process. According to intermediate study, the degradation pathway was studied, and the possible mechanism was proposed.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether nintedanib can inhibit pterygium cells through the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2)/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase(ERK)pathway.METHODS:Human primary pterygium cells were cul...AIM:To investigate whether nintedanib can inhibit pterygium cells through the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2)/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase(ERK)pathway.METHODS:Human primary pterygium cells were cultured in vitro.After treatment with nintedanib,the cell morphology was observed under microscopy,the morphological changes of the nucleus were observed after DAPI staining,apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin-V FITC/PI double staining,and the changes of apoptosis-associated proteins were detected by Western blot.The binding ability of nintedanib to FGFR2 was predicted by molecular docking.Finally,by silencing FGFR2,we explored whether nintedanib inhibited FGFR2/ERK pathway.RESULTS:The results showed that nintedanib inhibited the growth of pterygium cells and caused nuclear pyknosis.The results of Annexin-VFITC/PI double staining showed that nintedanib was able to induce early and late apoptosis of pterygium cells,significantly increasing the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins Bax and cleaved-Caspase3(P<0.05),and reducing the expression of Bcl-2(P<0.05).In addition,nintedanib significantly inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation through FGFR2(P<0.05).After silencing the expression of FGFR2,there was no significant difference in the inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by nintedanib(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Nintedanib induces apoptosis of pterygium cells by inhibiting FGFR2/ERK pathway.展开更多
基金Supported by the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(No.2023J212)Zhejiang Medical and Health Technology Program(No.2023KY1141).
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of nintedanib on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in cells derived from pterygium,aiming to explore its potential as a pharmacological intervention for pterygium treatment.METHODS:Primary human pterygium epithelial cells(hPEC)and human conjunctival epithelial(hCJE)cells were isolated from patients,cultured,and characterized.The impact of nintedanib on transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)-induced EMT was assessed by examining the expression of EMT markers such as vimentin and E-cadherin.Additionally,the modulation of the miR-23b-3p/transforming growth factor beta receptor 2(TGFBR2)/Smad2 pathway by nintedanib was investigated to elucidate its potential antifibrotic mechanism.RESULTS:The expression of miR-23b-3p gene in hCJE cells was significantly higher than that in hPEC cells.Nintedanib effectively mitigated TGF-β-induced EMT in cells derived from pterygium,as evidenced by the downregulation of vimentin and upregulation of E-cadherin.When the nintedanib concentration exceeded 1μmol/L,it significantly suppressed the proliferation of hPEC cells and significantly inhibited the migration distance of hPEC cells within 48h(P<0.01).The immunoprecipitation experiment showed that nintedanib modulated the TGFBR2 protein’s response to TGF-βindependently of miR-23b-3p.Both nintedanib and transfection with miR-23b-3p mimic significantly inhibited the expression levels of phosphorylated Smad2,snail homolog 1(Drosophila,SNAIL),and SNAI2(also known as SLUG,snail family transcriptional repressor 2)proteins.CONCLUSION:Nintedanib is found to modulate the miR-23b-3p/TGFBR2/Smad2 pathway,suggesting a novel antifibrotic mechanism.These findings collectively highlight nintedanib’s therapeutic potential in managing pterygium,marking a significant step toward non-surgical treatment options.Nintedanib may offer a targeted pharmacological treatment that could complement or reduce the need for surgical interventions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12074382,11474285,and 12464012)the crew of the Center for Computational Materials Science,Institute for Materials Research of Tohoku University,and the supercomputer resources through the HPCI System Research Project(hp200246).
文摘A potential orthorhombic phase of Ta_(2)O_(5),designated as Y-Ta_(2)O_(5),is predicted under high-pressure conditions using density functional theory(DFT)combined with structural search algorithms.This phase,containing four formula units per unit cell(Z=4),exhibits the highest Ta-O coordination numbers reported to date.Y-Ta_(2)O_(5)is identified as the most energetically stable form of Ta_(2)O_(5)within the pressure range of approximately 70 GPa to at least 200 GPa.Both standard DFT-GGA and higher-accuracy GW calculations indicate that Y-Ta_(2)O_(5)is a wide-bandgap semiconductor with a direct bandgap.Furthermore,nuclear quantum effects(NQEs)introduce nontrivial corrections to external pressure at fixed volumes,underscoring their significance in high-pressure phase stability analyses.
基金support from the Shanghai Science and Technology Foundation Fund under grant No.20070502400the support from the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(grant No.2019-0107-00-02-E00032)+4 种基金the support from National Key R&D Program of China grant Nos.2022YFF0503404,2020SKA0110402the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(No.YSBR-092)support from the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning and the Shuguang Program of Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commissionsupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant Nos.U1931210,12141302,12173026,and 11933002)China Manned Space Project with grant Nos.CMS-CSST-2021-A01,CMS-CSST-2025-A02,CMS-CSST2025-A03,CMS-CSST-2025-A05 and CMS-CSST-2025-A20。
文摘Photometric redshifts of galaxies obtained by multi-wavelength data are widely used in photometric surveys because of their high efficiency.Although various methods have been developed,template fitting is still adopted as one of the most popular approaches.Its accuracy strongly depends on the quality of the spectral energy distribution(SED)templates,which can be calibrated using broadband photometric data from galaxies with known spectroscopic redshifts.Such calibration is expected to improve photometric redshift accuracy,as the calibrated templates will align with observed photometric data more closely.The upcoming China Space Station Telescope(CSST)is one of the Stage IV surveys,which is aiming for high precision cosmological studies.To improve the accuracy of photometric redshift estimation for CSST,we calibrated the CWW+KIN templates using a perturbation algorithm with broadband photometric data from the CSST mock catalog.This calibration used a training set consisting of approximately 4500 galaxies,which is 10%of the total galaxy sample.The outlier fraction and scatter of the photometric redshifts derived from the calibrated templates are 2.55%and 0.036,respectively.Compared to the CWW+KIN templates,these values are reduced by 34%and 23%,respectively.This demonstrates that SED templates calibrated with a small training set can effectively optimize photometric redshift accuracy for future large-scale surveys like CSST,especially with limited spectral training data.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Chinathe National Science Foundation of Chinathe Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Chip(ICFC)
文摘An intrinsic magnetic topological insulator(TI) is a stoichiometric magnetic compound possessing both inherent magnetic order and topological electronic states. Such a material can provide a shortcut to various novel topological quantum effects but remained elusive experimentally for a long time. Here we report the experimental realization of thin films of an intrinsic magnetic TI, MnBi2Te4, by alternate growth of a Bi2Te3 quintuple layer and a MnTe bilayer with molecular beam epitaxy. The material shows the archetypical Dirac surface states in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and is demonstrated to be an antiferromagnetic topological insulator with ferromagnetic surfaces by magnetic and transport measurements as well as first-principles calculations. The unique magnetic and topological electronic structures and their interplays enable the material to embody rich quantum phases such as quantum anomalous Hall insulators and axion insulators at higher temperature and in a well-controlled way.
基金Supported by The National Basic Research Program,973 Pro-gram No. 2010CB912802 and No. 2006CB910700the China National Science Foundation,No. 81071953,No. 30890033 and No. 30620120433+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences No.KSCX1-YW-R-40the 44 Postdoctoral Fund of China,No.20080441314
文摘AIM:To explore the potential risk factors related to gastrointestinal cancer in northern China.METHODS:A total of 3314 cases of gastrointestinal cancer(esophageal,gastric,pancreatic and biliary) and 2223 controls(including healthy individuals,glioma and thyroid cancer) were analyzed by case-control study.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the association between different cancers and hepatitis B surface antigen,sex,age,blood type,diabetes,or family history of cancer.RESULTS:Type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with gastric,biliary and pancreatic cancer with an OR of 2.0-3.0.Blood type B was significantly associated with esophageal cancer [odd ratio(OR) = 1.53,95% confidence interval(CI) = 1.10-2.14] and biliary cancer(OR = 1.49,95% CI = 1.09-2.05).The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was significantly higher in gastric,biliary and pancreatic cancers compared with other groups,with ORs ranging between 2.0 and 3.0.Family history of cancer was strongly associated with gastrointestinal compared with other cancers.CONCLUSION:Blood type B individuals are susceptible to esophageal and biliary cancer.Type 2 diabetes is significantly associated with gastric,biliary and especially pancreatic cancer.
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program (973 Program No. 2010CB912802)the Postdoctoral Fund of China, No. 20080441314
文摘AIM: To clarify the role of high in normal-1 (HIN-1) gene promoter methylation during gastric cancer development. METHODS: Gastric cancer cell lines and tissue specimens were analyzed for expression of HIN-1 mRNA and protein using the semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The methylation of the HIN-1 gene promoter was detected in gastric carcinoma cells and tissues using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium cell viability assay and flow cytometry were used to assess the changes in behaviors of gastric cancer cells with or without 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine treatment. RESULTS: HIN-1 was not expressed in 4 of 5 gastric cancer cell lines. The demethylation reagent 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine was able to induce or upregulate HIN-1 expression in gastric cancer cell lines, which is associated with reduction of tumor cell viability. Furthermore, methylation of the HIN-1 gene promoter was shown in 57.8% (26/45) of the primary gastric cancer and 42.1% (17/38) of adjacent tissue samples, but was not shown in normal gastric mucosa (0/10). From the clinicopathological data of the patients, methylation of the HIN-1 gene promoter was found to be associated with tumor differentiation (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: High methylation of HIN-1 gene promoter results in silence of HIN-1 expression in gastric cancer. 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine reverses HIN-1 methylation and reduces viability of gastric cancer cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21776086,21761132034)。
文摘Opposed multi-burner(OMB)gasification technology is the first large-scale gasification technology developed in China with completely independent intellectual property rights.It has been widely used around the world,involving synthetic ammonia,methanol,ethylene glycol,coal liquefaction,hydrogen production and other fields.This paper summarizes the research and development process of OMB gasification technology from the perspective of the cold model experiment and process simulation,pilotscale study and industrial demonstration.The latest progress of fundamental research in nozzle atomization and dispersion,mixing enhancement of impinging flow,multiscale reaction of different carbonaceous feedstocks,spectral characteristic of impinging flame and particle characteristics inside gasifier,and comprehensive gasification model are reviewed.The latest industrial application progress of ultralarge-scale OMB gasifier and radiant syngas cooler(RSC)combined with quenching chamber OMB gasifier are introduced,and the prospects for the future technical development are proposed as well.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Nos.21547011,21307036,51708356)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No.2014A030313761)the Science and Technology Research Project of Shenzhen (Nos.ZDSYS201606061530079,JCYJ20150324141711622,JCYJ20150529164656097)
文摘Electrolysis is a promising technology to improve sludge dewaterability efficiently with negligible environmental impact. To intensify the electrolytic efficiency, the effect of electrolytes(NaCl, Na_2SO_4, NaNO_3, and NaClO_4) on electrolysis pretreatment of municipal sludge and its mechanisms was investigated using Ti/PbO_2 electrodes. The electrolytes,which enhanced the production of oxidative radicals, showed a significant synergetic effect in reducing the capillary suction time(CST) of sludge. NaCl was distinguished from the other electrolytes since it formed a large amount of active chlorine species, which oxidized the sludge cells to improve the sludge dewaterability. The surface morphologies as well as the soluble proteins and polysaccharides were analyzed to unravel the underlying mechanisms of sludge dewaterability. Additionally, an economic assessment showed that NaCl addition in the electrolysis pretreatment can be a suitable technique for enhancing municipal sludge dewaterability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701414)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0101004)。
文摘NAC family transcription factors(TFs) are important regulators in plant development and stress responses. However, the biological functions of NAC TFs in wheat are rarely studied. In this study, 43 putative drought-induced NAC genes were identified from de novo transcriptome sequencing data of wheat following drought treatment. Twelve wheat NACs along with ten known stress-related NACs from Arabidopsis and rice were clustered into Group II based on a phylogenetic analysis. Ta NAC48, which showed a higher and constitutive expression level in Group Ⅱ, was selected for further investigation.Ta NAC48 transcript was up-regulated by drought, PEG, H_(2)O_(2) and abscisic acid(ABA) treatment and encoded a nuclear localized protein. Overexpression of Ta NAC48 significantly promoted drought tolerance with increased proline content, and decreased rates of water loss, malondialdehyde(MDA), H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2)^(-) content. Root length and a stomatal aperture assay confirmed that Ta NAC48-overexpression plants increased sensitivity to ABA. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA) and luciferase reporter analysis indicated that Ta AREB3 could bind to a cis-acting ABA-responsive element(ABRE) on Ta NAC48 promoter and activate the expression of Ta NAC48. These results suggest that Ta NAC48 is essential in mediating crosstalk between the ABA signaling pathway and drought stress responses in wheat.
基金supported by the US ARO grants 49308-MA and 56349-MAthe US AFSOR grant FA9550-06-1-024+1 种基金he US NSF grant DMS-0911434the State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing of Chinese Academy of Sciences during a visit by Z.Li between July-August,2008.
文摘In this paper,a class of new immersed interface finite element methods (IIFEM) is developed to solve elasticity interface problems with homogeneous and non-homogeneous jump conditions in two dimensions.Simple non-body-fitted meshes are used.For homogeneous jump conditions,both non-conforming and conforming basis functions are constructed in such a way that they satisfy the natural jump conditions. For non-homogeneous jump conditions,a pair of functions that satisfy the same non-homogeneous jump conditions are constructed using a level-set representation of the interface.With such a pair of functions,the discontinuities across the interface in the solution and flux are removed;and an equivalent elasticity interface problem with homogeneous jump conditions is formulated.Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate that such methods have second order convergence.
基金This work was funded by The National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFF0102000)Scientific Research and Equipment Development Project of CAS(YJKYYQ20180032 and YJKYYQ20190048)Major Innovative Research Team of Suzhou(ZXT2019007).
文摘Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)is a rapidly developing super-resolution technology.It has been widely used in various application fields of biomedicine due to its excellent two-and three-dimensional imaging capabilities.Furthermore,faster three-dimensional imaging methods are required to help enable more research-oriented living cell imaging.In this paper,a fast and sensitive three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy based on asymmetric three-beam interference is proposed.An innovative time-series acquisition method is employed to halve the time required to obtain each raw image.A segmented half-wave plate as a substantial linear polarization modulation method is applied to the three-dimensional SIM system for the first time.Although it needs to acquire 21 raw images instead of 15 to reconstruct one super-resolution image,the SIM setup proposed in this paper is 30%faster than the traditional spatial light modulator-SIM(SLM-SIM)in imaging each super-resolution image.The related theoretical derivation,hardware system,and verification experiment are elaborated in this paper.The stable and fast 3D super-resolution imaging method proposed in this paper is of great significance to the research of organelle interaction,intercellular communication,and other biomedical fields.
基金Supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.2014M562542)
文摘·AIM: To identify the pathogenic mutations in a Chinese pedigree affected with Usher syndrome type II(USH2).· METHODS: The ophthalmic examinations and audiometric tests were performed to ascertain the phenotype of the family. To detect the genetic defect,exons of 103 known RDs-associated genes including 12 Usher syndrome(USH) genes of the proband were captured and sequencing analysis was performed to exclude known genetic defects and find potential pathogenic mutations. Subsequently, candidate mutations were validated in his pedigree and 100 normal controls using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Sanger sequencing.·RESULTS: The patient in the family occurred hearing loss(HL) and retinitis pigmentosa(RP) without vestibular dysfunction, which were consistent with standards of classification for USH2. He carried the compound heterozygous mutations, c.721 C 】T and c.1969 C 】T, in the MYO7 A gene and the unaffected members carried only one of the two mutations. The mutations were not present in the 100 normal controls.· CONCLUSION: We suggested that the compound heterozygous mutations of the MYO7 A could lead to USH2, which had revealed distinguished clinical phenotypes associated with MYO7 A and expanded the spectrum of clinical phenotypes of the MYO7 A mutations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31971271)The Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(No.2022J01794)The Science and Technology Plan Project of Quanzhou(No.2021N033S).
文摘Delayed or non-healing of diabetic wounds is a significant complication,often attributed to high glucose-induced M1 macrophage accumulation,impaired angiogenesis,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)buildup.Addressing this,we introduced a strontium polyphenol network microneedle patch(SrC-MPNs@MN-PP)for percutaneous drug delivery.This patch,formulated with polymer poly(γ-glutamic acid)(γ-PGA)and epsilon-poly-l-lysine(ε-PLL),incorporates strontium polyphenol networks(SrC-MPNs).The release of chlorogenic acid(CGA)from SrC-MPNs not only neutralizes ROS,but strontium ions also foster angiogen-esis.Consequently,SrC-MPNs@MN-PP can ameliorate the diabetic wound microenvironment and expedite healing.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21305148, U1732127, U1432114, 51303196)the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation Nos. 2014A610159, 2014B82010, 2015C50004, 2015B11002, 2016A610013, 2017C110022)+2 种基金Zhejiang Province (Nos. Bsh1202031, 2017C33129, 2017C03042,12018KY737 andLY18H180011)Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College (No. ZPCSR2015013)Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2010-735)
文摘The development of multifunctional contrast agents contributes significant character in the diagnosis of cancer. However, still efforts are required to design and improve the biocompatibility of contrast agents for early detection of cancer. Herein, we synthesized splat shape Fe_3O_4/Au nanocomposites for multimode biomedical applications. Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) results showed that the splat-like Fe_3O_4/Au structure was in the range of 130 nm and homogeneously distributed in the aqueous medium. The nanocomposites were incubated with MCF-7 cells to investigate the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) activities. The excellent T_2 MRI and enhanced SERS properties were obtained without any cytotoxicity. These results demonstrated that assynthesized splat-shaped Fe_3O_4/Au nanocomposites may be a promising MRI/SERS dual probe for the tumor detection.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China (No. B2020202044)the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, MOE, China (No. KLIEEE-21-04).
文摘Photocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) has garnered a lot of interest in the field of wastewater treatment. Herein, a plasmonic Ag nanoparticles decorated MIL-101(Fe) hybrid was synthesized through a photodeposition process. Upon light irradiation, the Ag/MIL-101(Fe) exhibit reinforced photocatalytic activities for elimination of bisphenol A (BPA) with PMS. The optimized 2.0% Ag/MIL-101(Fe) composite presented the highest photocatalytic activity with kinetic constant k of 0.102 min-1, which was about 10-fold of the pristine MIL-101(Fe). Loading of plasmonic Ag into MIL-101(Fe) boosts photoinduced carrier separation and accelerates PMS activation to generate strong oxidative radicals. Photoelectrochemical tests and multiple spectroscopic studies confirmed the promoted charge carrier separation and transfer capability of Ag/MIL-101(Fe). Combining the results of radical trapping experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR), the formed SO4·-, ·OH, ·O2- and 1O2 had a significant role in the photocatalytic process. According to intermediate study, the degradation pathway was studied, and the possible mechanism was proposed.
文摘AIM:To investigate whether nintedanib can inhibit pterygium cells through the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2)/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase(ERK)pathway.METHODS:Human primary pterygium cells were cultured in vitro.After treatment with nintedanib,the cell morphology was observed under microscopy,the morphological changes of the nucleus were observed after DAPI staining,apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin-V FITC/PI double staining,and the changes of apoptosis-associated proteins were detected by Western blot.The binding ability of nintedanib to FGFR2 was predicted by molecular docking.Finally,by silencing FGFR2,we explored whether nintedanib inhibited FGFR2/ERK pathway.RESULTS:The results showed that nintedanib inhibited the growth of pterygium cells and caused nuclear pyknosis.The results of Annexin-VFITC/PI double staining showed that nintedanib was able to induce early and late apoptosis of pterygium cells,significantly increasing the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins Bax and cleaved-Caspase3(P<0.05),and reducing the expression of Bcl-2(P<0.05).In addition,nintedanib significantly inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation through FGFR2(P<0.05).After silencing the expression of FGFR2,there was no significant difference in the inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by nintedanib(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Nintedanib induces apoptosis of pterygium cells by inhibiting FGFR2/ERK pathway.
