The effect of impurity element Fe on corrosion behavior of AZ61 magnesium alloys in various states has been investigated by immersion test and hydrogen evolution measurements in 3.5% sodium chloride solution.The corro...The effect of impurity element Fe on corrosion behavior of AZ61 magnesium alloys in various states has been investigated by immersion test and hydrogen evolution measurements in 3.5% sodium chloride solution.The corrosion rate is found to relay on the impurity Fe concentration in the alloys and decreases with decreasing Fe content.When Fe content drops from 150 ppm to 10 ppm,the corresponding corrosion rates under as-cast and solution treatment conditions are reduced from 8.54 mm/a and 8.61 mm/a to 2.54 mm/a and 0.21 mm/a,respectively.The corrosion pattern of the AZ61 alloys is the localized corrosion,and the galvanic couples are formed among the impurity particles,second-phase particles and the matrix.The Fe impurity particles tend to act as main cathodic to form micro-galvanic cell with the α-Mg matrix,which is harmful for corrosion resistance of AZ61 alloy.展开更多
The microstructure,electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of Mg-X(X=Al,Sn,Y and Gd)alloys in as-cast and solution states were systematically investigated in this study.The ele...The microstructure,electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of Mg-X(X=Al,Sn,Y and Gd)alloys in as-cast and solution states were systematically investigated in this study.The electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding capacity of binary magnesium alloys decrease linearly with alloying element content.The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the binary magnesium alloys with the same alloying element content is as follows:Mg-Gd<Mg-Sn<Mg-Y<Mg-Al.The main reason for the differences in electromagnetic interference shielding of the binary magnesium alloys is the change in conductivity,which is mainly affected by volumetric difference of solute atoms and magnesium atoms,solute atomic valence and configuration of extranuclear electron.展开更多
A new amphoteric membrane was prepared by blending long-side-chain sulfonated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)(S-L-PPO)and polybenzimidazole(PBI)for vanadium redox flow battery(VRFB)application.An acid-base pair...A new amphoteric membrane was prepared by blending long-side-chain sulfonated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)(S-L-PPO)and polybenzimidazole(PBI)for vanadium redox flow battery(VRFB)application.An acid-base pair structure formed between the imidazole of PBI and sulfonic acid of S-L-PPO resulted in lowered swelling ratio.It favors to reduce the vanadium permeation.While,the increased sulfonic acid concentration ensured that proton conductivity was still at a high level.As a result,a better balance between the vanadium ion permeation(6.1×10^-9 cm^2·s^-1)and proton conductivity(50.8 m S·cm^-1)in the S-L-PPO/PBI-10%membrane was achieved.The VRFB performance with S-L-PPO/PBI-10%membrane exhibited an EE of 82.7%,which was higher than those of pristine S-L-PPO(81.8%)and Nafion 212(78.0%)at 120 m A·cm^-2.In addition,the S-LPPO/PBI-10%membrane had a much longer self-discharge duration time(142 h)than that of Nafion 212(23 h).展开更多
Silkworm pupa is a nourishing food with high nutritional value,but its consumption has been greatly limited given its allergenicity.Enzyme hydrolytic technique is recognized as an effective method to reduce the allerg...Silkworm pupa is a nourishing food with high nutritional value,but its consumption has been greatly limited given its allergenicity.Enzyme hydrolytic technique is recognized as an effective method to reduce the allergenicity of protein.In this study,we aimed to investigate the effect of enzymolysis on the allergenicity of silkworm pupa.Crude silkworm pupa protein was extracted through alkali extraction and acid precipitation,which included 5 proteins with the molecular weights ranging from 34 kDa to 76 kDa,and silkworm pupa were then hydrolyzed by alkaline protease.The allergenicity of silkworm pupa protein and its enzymatic hydrolysates was evaluated by establishing BALB/c mice model,and the mice were immunized via intragastric gavage and intraperitoneal injection,respectively.The results indicated that the intraperitoneal inj ection immunization route induced more by detecting with antibodies,histamine and Th2-related cytokines.Moreover,mice treated with silkworm pupa protein peptide displayed no obvious allergic symptoms,indicating that enzyme hydrolytic technique could significantly reduce the allergenicity of silkworm pupa.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the PR to RR interval ratio (PR/RR,heart rate-adjusted PR) as a prognostic marker for long-term ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac death in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (...Objective To evaluate the PR to RR interval ratio (PR/RR,heart rate-adjusted PR) as a prognostic marker for long-term ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac death in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillators (CRT-D).Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 428 patients who had an ICD/CRT-D equipped with home monitoring.Baseline PR and RR interval data prior to ICD/CRT-D implantation were collected from standard 12-lead electrocardiograph,and the PR/RR was calculated.The primary endpoint was appropriate ICD/CRT-D treatment of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs),and the secondary endpoint was cardiac death.Results During a mean follow-up period of 38.8 ± 10.6 months,197 patients (46%) experienced VAs,and 47 patients (11%) experienced cardiac death.The overall PR interval was 160 ± 40 ms,and the RR interval was 866 ± 124 ms.Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve,a cut-off value of 18.5% for the PR/RR was identified to predict VAs.A PR/RR ≥ 18.5% was associated with an increased risk of VAs [hazard ratio (HR)= 2.243,95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.665–3.022,P < 0.001) and cardiac death (HR = 2.358,95%CI = 1.240–4.483,P = 0.009) in an unadjusted analysis.After adjustment in a multivariate Cox model,the relationship remained significant among PR/RR ≥ 18.5%,VAs (HR = 2.230,95%CI = 1.555–2.825,P < 0.001) and cardiac death (HR = 2.105,95%CI = 1.101–4.025,P = 0.024.Conclusions A PR/RR ≥ 18.5% at baseline can serve as a predictor of future VAs and cardiac death in ICD/CRT-D recipients.展开更多
AIM： To appraise the effect of treatment for diabetic macular edema（DME） in proliferative stage with sufficient panrentinal photocoagulation（PRP） therapy and intravitreal injections（IV） Conbercept and posterior...AIM： To appraise the effect of treatment for diabetic macular edema（DME） in proliferative stage with sufficient panrentinal photocoagulation（PRP） therapy and intravitreal injections（IV） Conbercept and posterior subtenon＇s triamcinolone acetonide（STTA） sequential therapy.METHODS： This prospective clinical randomized controlled trial of cross-over design was conducted in three phases. The participants included cases of DME in proliferative stage. They were divided into two groups and treated with PRP before enrollment. Group A were treated with IVConbercept 0.5 mg for one month in the 1^st phase. Group B were treated with STTA 40 mg（twice per two weeks）. The interventions were exchanged in the second phase（2mo） between the two groups. In the third phase（3-6mo） no other treatment was given. Best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）, central macular thickness（CMT） measured by OCT and complications were compared.RESULTS： After phase I： in Group A, BCVA improved from 0.201±0.17 to 0.37±0.24（F=5.88, P=0.004）. CMT changed from 449±155.10 to 304.1±84.70 μm（F=14.9, P〈0.01）. In Group B, BCVA changed from 0.195±0.19 to 0.26±0.20（F=0.76, P=0.41） while CMT changed from 463.82±152.92 to 366.00±115.40 μm（F=3.70, P〈0.03）. The improvement of BCVA was better in Group A（P〈0.05）. After phase II： in Group A, BCVA raised to 0.47±0.27（F=0.26, P〈0.01）, CMT reduced to 260.67±62.97 μm（F=-188.3, P〈0.01）; in Group B, BCVA raised to 0.51±0.26（F=0.31, P〈0.01）, CMT reduced to 261.93±50.15 μm（F=-201.9, P〈0.01）. But there were no difference between two groups（P〉0.05）. After phase III： in Group A, BCVA maintained 0.42±0.25（F=0.22, P=0.001）, CMT maintained 267.8±58.34 μm,（F=-0.27, P〈0.01）; in Group B, BCVA was 0.47±0.25（F=-0.27, P〈0.01）, CMT was 272.71±49.16 μm（F=-191.1, P〈0.01）. No serious complications happened in all phases.CONCLUSION： PRP＋Conbercept is better than PRP＋STTA in DME with proliferative stage but PRP＋Conbercept＋STTA sequential therapy may be a wiser choice for persistent effectiveness on anatomical as well as functional status.展开更多
AIM：To examine possible differences in clinical outcomes between sub-threshold micro-pulse diode laser photocoagulation（SDM） and traditional modified Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study（mETDRS）treatment pr...AIM：To examine possible differences in clinical outcomes between sub-threshold micro-pulse diode laser photocoagulation（SDM） and traditional modified Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study（mETDRS）treatment protocol in diabetic macuiar edema（DME）.METHODS：A comprehensive literature search using the Cochrane Collaboration methodology to identify RCTs comparing SDM with mETDRS for DME.The participants were type Ⅰ or type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus with clinically significant macuiar edema treated by SDM from previously reported randomized controlled trials（RCTs）.The primary outcome measures were the changes in the best corrected visual acuity（BCVA） and the central macuiar thickness（CMT） as measured by optical coherence tomography（OCT）.The secondary outcomes were the contrast sensitivity and the damages of the retina.RESULTS：Seven studies were identified and analyzed for comparing SDM（215 eyes） with mETDRS（210 eyes）for DME.There were no statistical differences in the BCVA after treatment between the SDM and mETDRS based on the follow-up：3mo（MD,-0.02;95% Cl,-0.12 to 0.09;P=0.77）,6mo（MD,-0.02;95% Cl,-0.12 to 0.09;P=0.75）,12mo（MD,-0.05;95% Cl,-0.17 to 0.07;P=0.40）.Likewise,there were no statistical differences in the CMT after treatment between the SDM and mETDRS in 3mo（MD,-9.92;95% Cl,-28.69 to 8.85;P=0.30）,6mo（MD,-11.37;95% Cl,-29.65 to 6.91;P=0.22）,12mo（MD,8.44;95% Cl,-29.89 to 46.77;P=0.67）.Three RCTs suggested that SDM laser results in good preservation of contrast sensitivity as mETDRS,in two different followup evaluations：3mo（MD,0.05;95% Cl,0 to 0.09;P=0.04） and 6mo（MD,0.02;95% Cl,-0.10 to 0.14;P=0.78）.Two RCTs showed that the SDM laser treatment did less retinal damage than that mETDRS did（OR,0.05;95% Cl,0.02 to 0.13;P〈0.01）.CONCLUSION：SDM laser photocoagulation shows an equally good effect on visual acuity,contrast sensitivity,and reduction of DME as compared to conventional mETDRS protocol with less retinal damage.展开更多
Objective:To study the effect of inhibiting high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)gene expression on ultrasonic blood flow characteristics,inflammatory response and apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy rats.Methods:Male SD rat...Objective:To study the effect of inhibiting high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)gene expression on ultrasonic blood flow characteristics,inflammatory response and apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy rats.Methods:Male SD rats were chosen and randomly divided into control group,model group and HMGB1 inhibition group,the latter two groups were given intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to establish the diabetes model,and HMGB1 group were given tail vein injection of HMGB1-shRNA lentivirus for intervention.The peak end-systolic velocity(PSV),peak end-diastolic velocity(EDV),resistance index(RI)and pulsatility index(PI)of central retinal artery as well as the HMGB1,bcl-2,bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression and TNF-α,MCP-1 and ICAM-1 contents in retinal tissues were measured at 4 weeks after intervention.Results:The PSV and EDV levels as well as bcl-2 expression in the model group were lower than those in the control group,while the RI and PI levels as well as HMGB1,bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression and TNF-α,MCP-1 and ICAM-1 contents were higher than those in the control group;the PSV and EDV levels as well as bcl-2 expression in the HMGB1 inhibition group were higher than those in the model group,while the RI and PI levels as well as HMGB1,bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression and TNF-α,MCP-1 and ICAM-1 contents were lower than those in the model group.Conclusion:Inhibition of HMGB1 gene expression can improve the blood flow of central retinal artery and inhibit the inflammatory response and apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy rats.展开更多
Histone citrullination,an important post-translational modification mediated by peptidyl arginine deiminases,is essential for many physiological processes and epigenetic regulation.However,the causal relationship betw...Histone citrullination,an important post-translational modification mediated by peptidyl arginine deiminases,is essential for many physiological processes and epigenetic regulation.However,the causal relationship between histone citrullination and specific gene regulation remains unresolved.In this study,we develop a programmable epigenetic editor by fusing the peptidyl arginine deiminase(PAD)PPAD from Porphyromonas gingivalis with d Cas9.With the assistance of g RNA,PPAD-d Cas9 can recruit PPADs to specific genomic loci,enabling direct manipulation of the epigenetic landscape and regulation of gene expression.Our citrullination editor allows for the site-specific manipulation of histone H3R2,8,17 and H3R26 at target human gene loci,resulting in the activation or suppression of different genes in a locus-specific manner.Moreover,the epigenetic effects of the citrullination editor are specific and sustained.This epigenetic editor offers an accurate and efficient tool for exploring gene regulation of histone citrullination.展开更多
In this work, SiO2 nanoplates with opened macroporous structure on carbon layer （C-mSiO2） have been obtained by dissolving and subsequent ingrowing the outer solid SiO2 layer of the aerosol-based C-SiO2 double-shell...In this work, SiO2 nanoplates with opened macroporous structure on carbon layer （C-mSiO2） have been obtained by dissolving and subsequent ingrowing the outer solid SiO2 layer of the aerosol-based C-SiO2 double-shell hollow spheres. Subsequently, triple-shell C-mSiO2-C hollow spheres were successfully prepared after coating the C- mSiO2 templates by the carbon layer from the carbonization of sucrose. When being applied as the anode material fur lithium-ion batteries, the C-mSiO2-C triple-shell hollow spheres deliver a high capacity of 501 mA. h.g- 1 after 100 cycles at 500 mA.g-1 （based on the total mass of silica and the two carbon shells）, which is higher than those of C-mSiO2 （391 mA.h.g 1） spheres with an outer porous SiO2 layer, C-SiO2-C （370 mA-h.g-1） hollow spheres with a middle solid Si02 layer, and C-SiO2 （319.8 mA·h-g-1） spheres with an outer solid SiO2 layer. In addition, the battery still delivers a high capacity of 403 mA· h· g- 1 at a current density of 1000 mA· g- 1 after 400 cycles. The good electrochemical performance can be attributed to the high surface area （246.7 m2·g- 1 ） and pore volume （0.441 cm3· g-1） of the anode materials, as well as the unique structure of the outer and inner carbon layer which not only enhances electrical conductivity, structural stability, but buffers volume change of the intermediate SiO2 layer during repeated charge-discharge processes. Furthermore, the SiO2 nanoplates with opened macroporous structure facilitate the electrolyte transport and electrochemical reaction.展开更多
Background and Objective Cardiac pacing is an effective therapy in patients with bradycardia.Conventional right ventricular(RV)pacing is the source of ventricular dyssynchrony,leading to unfavorable clinical outcome.T...Background and Objective Cardiac pacing is an effective therapy in patients with bradycardia.Conventional right ventricular(RV)pacing is the source of ventricular dyssynchrony,leading to unfavorable clinical outcome.This study compared the electrocardiogram(ECG)characteristics during left bundle branch pacing(LBBP)with that during RV septal pacing(RVSP)which has been thought to be better than RV apical pacing.展开更多
We monitored BL Lacertae in the B,V,R and I bands for 14 nights during the period of 2016-2018.The source showed significant intra-day variability on 12 nights.We performed color-magnitude analysis and found that the ...We monitored BL Lacertae in the B,V,R and I bands for 14 nights during the period of 2016-2018.The source showed significant intra-day variability on 12 nights.We performed color-magnitude analysis and found that the source exhibited bluer-when-brighter chromatism.This bluer-when-brighter behavior is at least partly caused by the larger variation amplitude at shorter wavelengths.The variations at different wavelengths are correlated well and show no inter-band time lag.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of longitudinal changes in physical activity(PA)with long-term outcomes after im-plantable cardioverter-defibrillator(ICD)or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator(CRT-D)...OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of longitudinal changes in physical activity(PA)with long-term outcomes after im-plantable cardioverter-defibrillator(ICD)or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator(CRT-D)implantation.METHODS Patients with ICD/CRT-D implantation from SUMMIT registry were retrospectively analyzed.Accelerometer-de-rived PA changes over 12 months post implantation were obtained from the archived home monitoring data.The primary end-points were cardiac death and all-cause mortality.The secondary endpoints were the first ventricular arrthymia(VA)and first ap-propriate ICD shock.RESULTS In 705 patients,446(63.3%)patients showed improved PA over 12 months after implantation.During a mean 61.5-month follow-up duration,99 cardiac deaths(14.0%)and 153 all-cause deaths(21.7%)occurred.Compared to reduced/un-changed PA,improved PA over 12 months could result in significantly reduced risks of cardiac death(improved PA≤30 min:hazard ratio(HR)=0.494,95%CI:0.288−0.848;>30 min:HR=0.390,95%CI:0.235−0.648)and all-cause mortality(improved PA≤30 min:HR=0.467,95%CI:0.299−0.728;>30 min:HR=0.451,95%CI:0.304−0.669).No differences in the VAs or ICD shocks were observed across different groups of PA changes.PA changes can predict the risks of cardiac death only in the low baseline PA group,but improved PA was associated with 56.7%,57.4%,and 62.3%reduced risks of all-cause mortality in the low,moderate,and high baseline PA groups,respectively,than reduced/unchanged PA.CONCLUSIONS Improved PA could protect aganist cardiac death and all-cause mortality,probably reflecting better clinical efficacy after ICD/CRT-D implantation.Low-intensity exercise training might be encouraged among patients with different baseline PA levels.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFB0301100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51571043)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2018CDJDCL0019,cqu2018CDHB1A08 and 2018CDGFCL0005).
文摘The effect of impurity element Fe on corrosion behavior of AZ61 magnesium alloys in various states has been investigated by immersion test and hydrogen evolution measurements in 3.5% sodium chloride solution.The corrosion rate is found to relay on the impurity Fe concentration in the alloys and decreases with decreasing Fe content.When Fe content drops from 150 ppm to 10 ppm,the corresponding corrosion rates under as-cast and solution treatment conditions are reduced from 8.54 mm/a and 8.61 mm/a to 2.54 mm/a and 0.21 mm/a,respectively.The corrosion pattern of the AZ61 alloys is the localized corrosion,and the galvanic couples are formed among the impurity particles,second-phase particles and the matrix.The Fe impurity particles tend to act as main cathodic to form micro-galvanic cell with the α-Mg matrix,which is harmful for corrosion resistance of AZ61 alloy.
基金financial supports from the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFB0301100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51571043)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. 2018CDJDCL0019, cqu2018CDHB1A08 and 2018CDGFCL0005)
文摘The microstructure,electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of Mg-X(X=Al,Sn,Y and Gd)alloys in as-cast and solution states were systematically investigated in this study.The electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding capacity of binary magnesium alloys decrease linearly with alloying element content.The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the binary magnesium alloys with the same alloying element content is as follows:Mg-Gd<Mg-Sn<Mg-Y<Mg-Al.The main reason for the differences in electromagnetic interference shielding of the binary magnesium alloys is the change in conductivity,which is mainly affected by volumetric difference of solute atoms and magnesium atoms,solute atomic valence and configuration of extranuclear electron.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1808209)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT18JC40)Liaoning Province Science and Technology Department(201601037)。
文摘A new amphoteric membrane was prepared by blending long-side-chain sulfonated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)(S-L-PPO)and polybenzimidazole(PBI)for vanadium redox flow battery(VRFB)application.An acid-base pair structure formed between the imidazole of PBI and sulfonic acid of S-L-PPO resulted in lowered swelling ratio.It favors to reduce the vanadium permeation.While,the increased sulfonic acid concentration ensured that proton conductivity was still at a high level.As a result,a better balance between the vanadium ion permeation(6.1×10^-9 cm^2·s^-1)and proton conductivity(50.8 m S·cm^-1)in the S-L-PPO/PBI-10%membrane was achieved.The VRFB performance with S-L-PPO/PBI-10%membrane exhibited an EE of 82.7%,which was higher than those of pristine S-L-PPO(81.8%)and Nafion 212(78.0%)at 120 m A·cm^-2.In addition,the S-LPPO/PBI-10%membrane had a much longer self-discharge duration time(142 h)than that of Nafion 212(23 h).
基金supported by Special Project on the Integration of Industry,Education and Research of Guangdong Provine(2013B090600060)National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1604205)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31760431)。
文摘Silkworm pupa is a nourishing food with high nutritional value,but its consumption has been greatly limited given its allergenicity.Enzyme hydrolytic technique is recognized as an effective method to reduce the allergenicity of protein.In this study,we aimed to investigate the effect of enzymolysis on the allergenicity of silkworm pupa.Crude silkworm pupa protein was extracted through alkali extraction and acid precipitation,which included 5 proteins with the molecular weights ranging from 34 kDa to 76 kDa,and silkworm pupa were then hydrolyzed by alkaline protease.The allergenicity of silkworm pupa protein and its enzymatic hydrolysates was evaluated by establishing BALB/c mice model,and the mice were immunized via intragastric gavage and intraperitoneal injection,respectively.The results indicated that the intraperitoneal inj ection immunization route induced more by detecting with antibodies,histamine and Th2-related cytokines.Moreover,mice treated with silkworm pupa protein peptide displayed no obvious allergic symptoms,indicating that enzyme hydrolytic technique could significantly reduce the allergenicity of silkworm pupa.
文摘Objective To evaluate the PR to RR interval ratio (PR/RR,heart rate-adjusted PR) as a prognostic marker for long-term ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac death in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillators (CRT-D).Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 428 patients who had an ICD/CRT-D equipped with home monitoring.Baseline PR and RR interval data prior to ICD/CRT-D implantation were collected from standard 12-lead electrocardiograph,and the PR/RR was calculated.The primary endpoint was appropriate ICD/CRT-D treatment of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs),and the secondary endpoint was cardiac death.Results During a mean follow-up period of 38.8 ± 10.6 months,197 patients (46%) experienced VAs,and 47 patients (11%) experienced cardiac death.The overall PR interval was 160 ± 40 ms,and the RR interval was 866 ± 124 ms.Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve,a cut-off value of 18.5% for the PR/RR was identified to predict VAs.A PR/RR ≥ 18.5% was associated with an increased risk of VAs [hazard ratio (HR)= 2.243,95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.665–3.022,P < 0.001) and cardiac death (HR = 2.358,95%CI = 1.240–4.483,P = 0.009) in an unadjusted analysis.After adjustment in a multivariate Cox model,the relationship remained significant among PR/RR ≥ 18.5%,VAs (HR = 2.230,95%CI = 1.555–2.825,P < 0.001) and cardiac death (HR = 2.105,95%CI = 1.101–4.025,P = 0.024.Conclusions A PR/RR ≥ 18.5% at baseline can serve as a predictor of future VAs and cardiac death in ICD/CRT-D recipients.
基金Supported by the Health and Family Planning Commission of Sichuan Province(No:17PJ536)
文摘AIM： To appraise the effect of treatment for diabetic macular edema（DME） in proliferative stage with sufficient panrentinal photocoagulation（PRP） therapy and intravitreal injections（IV） Conbercept and posterior subtenon＇s triamcinolone acetonide（STTA） sequential therapy.METHODS： This prospective clinical randomized controlled trial of cross-over design was conducted in three phases. The participants included cases of DME in proliferative stage. They were divided into two groups and treated with PRP before enrollment. Group A were treated with IVConbercept 0.5 mg for one month in the 1^st phase. Group B were treated with STTA 40 mg（twice per two weeks）. The interventions were exchanged in the second phase（2mo） between the two groups. In the third phase（3-6mo） no other treatment was given. Best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）, central macular thickness（CMT） measured by OCT and complications were compared.RESULTS： After phase I： in Group A, BCVA improved from 0.201±0.17 to 0.37±0.24（F=5.88, P=0.004）. CMT changed from 449±155.10 to 304.1±84.70 μm（F=14.9, P〈0.01）. In Group B, BCVA changed from 0.195±0.19 to 0.26±0.20（F=0.76, P=0.41） while CMT changed from 463.82±152.92 to 366.00±115.40 μm（F=3.70, P〈0.03）. The improvement of BCVA was better in Group A（P〈0.05）. After phase II： in Group A, BCVA raised to 0.47±0.27（F=0.26, P〈0.01）, CMT reduced to 260.67±62.97 μm（F=-188.3, P〈0.01）; in Group B, BCVA raised to 0.51±0.26（F=0.31, P〈0.01）, CMT reduced to 261.93±50.15 μm（F=-201.9, P〈0.01）. But there were no difference between two groups（P〉0.05）. After phase III： in Group A, BCVA maintained 0.42±0.25（F=0.22, P=0.001）, CMT maintained 267.8±58.34 μm,（F=-0.27, P〈0.01）; in Group B, BCVA was 0.47±0.25（F=-0.27, P〈0.01）, CMT was 272.71±49.16 μm（F=-191.1, P〈0.01）. No serious complications happened in all phases.CONCLUSION： PRP＋Conbercept is better than PRP＋STTA in DME with proliferative stage but PRP＋Conbercept＋STTA sequential therapy may be a wiser choice for persistent effectiveness on anatomical as well as functional status.
文摘AIM：To examine possible differences in clinical outcomes between sub-threshold micro-pulse diode laser photocoagulation（SDM） and traditional modified Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study（mETDRS）treatment protocol in diabetic macuiar edema（DME）.METHODS：A comprehensive literature search using the Cochrane Collaboration methodology to identify RCTs comparing SDM with mETDRS for DME.The participants were type Ⅰ or type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus with clinically significant macuiar edema treated by SDM from previously reported randomized controlled trials（RCTs）.The primary outcome measures were the changes in the best corrected visual acuity（BCVA） and the central macuiar thickness（CMT） as measured by optical coherence tomography（OCT）.The secondary outcomes were the contrast sensitivity and the damages of the retina.RESULTS：Seven studies were identified and analyzed for comparing SDM（215 eyes） with mETDRS（210 eyes）for DME.There were no statistical differences in the BCVA after treatment between the SDM and mETDRS based on the follow-up：3mo（MD,-0.02;95% Cl,-0.12 to 0.09;P=0.77）,6mo（MD,-0.02;95% Cl,-0.12 to 0.09;P=0.75）,12mo（MD,-0.05;95% Cl,-0.17 to 0.07;P=0.40）.Likewise,there were no statistical differences in the CMT after treatment between the SDM and mETDRS in 3mo（MD,-9.92;95% Cl,-28.69 to 8.85;P=0.30）,6mo（MD,-11.37;95% Cl,-29.65 to 6.91;P=0.22）,12mo（MD,8.44;95% Cl,-29.89 to 46.77;P=0.67）.Three RCTs suggested that SDM laser results in good preservation of contrast sensitivity as mETDRS,in two different followup evaluations：3mo（MD,0.05;95% Cl,0 to 0.09;P=0.04） and 6mo（MD,0.02;95% Cl,-0.10 to 0.14;P=0.78）.Two RCTs showed that the SDM laser treatment did less retinal damage than that mETDRS did（OR,0.05;95% Cl,0.02 to 0.13;P〈0.01）.CONCLUSION：SDM laser photocoagulation shows an equally good effect on visual acuity,contrast sensitivity,and reduction of DME as compared to conventional mETDRS protocol with less retinal damage.
基金Mianyang Science and Technology Planning Project Charter(No.15S-ZC-03)
文摘Objective:To study the effect of inhibiting high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)gene expression on ultrasonic blood flow characteristics,inflammatory response and apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy rats.Methods:Male SD rats were chosen and randomly divided into control group,model group and HMGB1 inhibition group,the latter two groups were given intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to establish the diabetes model,and HMGB1 group were given tail vein injection of HMGB1-shRNA lentivirus for intervention.The peak end-systolic velocity(PSV),peak end-diastolic velocity(EDV),resistance index(RI)and pulsatility index(PI)of central retinal artery as well as the HMGB1,bcl-2,bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression and TNF-α,MCP-1 and ICAM-1 contents in retinal tissues were measured at 4 weeks after intervention.Results:The PSV and EDV levels as well as bcl-2 expression in the model group were lower than those in the control group,while the RI and PI levels as well as HMGB1,bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression and TNF-α,MCP-1 and ICAM-1 contents were higher than those in the control group;the PSV and EDV levels as well as bcl-2 expression in the HMGB1 inhibition group were higher than those in the model group,while the RI and PI levels as well as HMGB1,bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression and TNF-α,MCP-1 and ICAM-1 contents were lower than those in the model group.Conclusion:Inhibition of HMGB1 gene expression can improve the blood flow of central retinal artery and inhibit the inflammatory response and apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy rats.
基金funded by the Tianjin Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Capacity Improvement Project(TSBICIP-CXRC-048)。
文摘Histone citrullination,an important post-translational modification mediated by peptidyl arginine deiminases,is essential for many physiological processes and epigenetic regulation.However,the causal relationship between histone citrullination and specific gene regulation remains unresolved.In this study,we develop a programmable epigenetic editor by fusing the peptidyl arginine deiminase(PAD)PPAD from Porphyromonas gingivalis with d Cas9.With the assistance of g RNA,PPAD-d Cas9 can recruit PPADs to specific genomic loci,enabling direct manipulation of the epigenetic landscape and regulation of gene expression.Our citrullination editor allows for the site-specific manipulation of histone H3R2,8,17 and H3R26 at target human gene loci,resulting in the activation or suppression of different genes in a locus-specific manner.Moreover,the epigenetic effects of the citrullination editor are specific and sustained.This epigenetic editor offers an accurate and efficient tool for exploring gene regulation of histone citrullination.
基金Supported by the National Science Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(21125628)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21476044)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT15QY08)
文摘In this work, SiO2 nanoplates with opened macroporous structure on carbon layer （C-mSiO2） have been obtained by dissolving and subsequent ingrowing the outer solid SiO2 layer of the aerosol-based C-SiO2 double-shell hollow spheres. Subsequently, triple-shell C-mSiO2-C hollow spheres were successfully prepared after coating the C- mSiO2 templates by the carbon layer from the carbonization of sucrose. When being applied as the anode material fur lithium-ion batteries, the C-mSiO2-C triple-shell hollow spheres deliver a high capacity of 501 mA. h.g- 1 after 100 cycles at 500 mA.g-1 （based on the total mass of silica and the two carbon shells）, which is higher than those of C-mSiO2 （391 mA.h.g 1） spheres with an outer porous SiO2 layer, C-SiO2-C （370 mA-h.g-1） hollow spheres with a middle solid Si02 layer, and C-SiO2 （319.8 mA·h-g-1） spheres with an outer solid SiO2 layer. In addition, the battery still delivers a high capacity of 403 mA· h· g- 1 at a current density of 1000 mA· g- 1 after 400 cycles. The good electrochemical performance can be attributed to the high surface area （246.7 m2·g- 1 ） and pore volume （0.441 cm3· g-1） of the anode materials, as well as the unique structure of the outer and inner carbon layer which not only enhances electrical conductivity, structural stability, but buffers volume change of the intermediate SiO2 layer during repeated charge-discharge processes. Furthermore, the SiO2 nanoplates with opened macroporous structure facilitate the electrolyte transport and electrochemical reaction.
文摘Background and Objective Cardiac pacing is an effective therapy in patients with bradycardia.Conventional right ventricular(RV)pacing is the source of ventricular dyssynchrony,leading to unfavorable clinical outcome.This study compared the electrocardiogram(ECG)characteristics during left bundle branch pacing(LBBP)with that during RV septal pacing(RVSP)which has been thought to be better than RV apical pacing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11973017)。
文摘We monitored BL Lacertae in the B,V,R and I bands for 14 nights during the period of 2016-2018.The source showed significant intra-day variability on 12 nights.We performed color-magnitude analysis and found that the source exhibited bluer-when-brighter chromatism.This bluer-when-brighter behavior is at least partly caused by the larger variation amplitude at shorter wavelengths.The variations at different wavelengths are correlated well and show no inter-band time lag.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (81470466)the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the12th Five-Year Plan Period (2011BAI11B02)
文摘OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of longitudinal changes in physical activity(PA)with long-term outcomes after im-plantable cardioverter-defibrillator(ICD)or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator(CRT-D)implantation.METHODS Patients with ICD/CRT-D implantation from SUMMIT registry were retrospectively analyzed.Accelerometer-de-rived PA changes over 12 months post implantation were obtained from the archived home monitoring data.The primary end-points were cardiac death and all-cause mortality.The secondary endpoints were the first ventricular arrthymia(VA)and first ap-propriate ICD shock.RESULTS In 705 patients,446(63.3%)patients showed improved PA over 12 months after implantation.During a mean 61.5-month follow-up duration,99 cardiac deaths(14.0%)and 153 all-cause deaths(21.7%)occurred.Compared to reduced/un-changed PA,improved PA over 12 months could result in significantly reduced risks of cardiac death(improved PA≤30 min:hazard ratio(HR)=0.494,95%CI:0.288−0.848;>30 min:HR=0.390,95%CI:0.235−0.648)and all-cause mortality(improved PA≤30 min:HR=0.467,95%CI:0.299−0.728;>30 min:HR=0.451,95%CI:0.304−0.669).No differences in the VAs or ICD shocks were observed across different groups of PA changes.PA changes can predict the risks of cardiac death only in the low baseline PA group,but improved PA was associated with 56.7%,57.4%,and 62.3%reduced risks of all-cause mortality in the low,moderate,and high baseline PA groups,respectively,than reduced/unchanged PA.CONCLUSIONS Improved PA could protect aganist cardiac death and all-cause mortality,probably reflecting better clinical efficacy after ICD/CRT-D implantation.Low-intensity exercise training might be encouraged among patients with different baseline PA levels.
