Background During the weaning phase,piglets are exposed to significant physiological and environmental stressors,which disrupt the balance of their intestinal microbiota and often lead to severe diarrhea.Previous stud...Background During the weaning phase,piglets are exposed to significant physiological and environmental stressors,which disrupt the balance of their intestinal microbiota and often lead to severe diarrhea.Previous studies have demonstrated that alfalfa fiber,derived from the stems and leaves of alfalfa,can effectively alleviate diarrhea in piglets.Additionally,multiple studies have highlighted the potential of fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)in mitigating diarrhea in various models of intestinal diseases in young animals.However,the specific mechanisms by which FMT from targeted sources alleviates diarrhea in weaned piglets remain to be fully elucidated.Results In this study,FMT from donor piglets fed an alfalfa fiber-supplemented diet effectively alleviated diarrhea,improved intestinal morphology,and enhanced gut barrier function in weaned piglets.FMT further promoted the colonization of beneficial bacterial genera(including UCG-005,unclassified Lachnospiraceae,Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group,UCG-002,Candidatus Saccharimonas,and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group)while inhibiting the detrimental genus Tyzzerella,consequently enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).Additionally,FMT upregulated riboflavin metabolism,leading to elevated flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)levels and increased glutathione reductase activity,thereby collectively attenuating lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced oxidative stress and contributing to intestinal health.Conclusions We found that FMT modulates the structure of the gut microbiota,enhances microbial diversity and composition,increases the production of SCFAs,and upregulates riboflavin metabolism to elevate FAD levels.These changes collectively enhance immune and antioxidant capacities,thereby alleviating diarrhea.展开更多
Goose meat is rich in amino acids with unique taste and aroma traits that are targeted by housing and feeding systems.This study aimed to investigate the impacts of in-house feeding(IHF)and artificial pasture grazing(...Goose meat is rich in amino acids with unique taste and aroma traits that are targeted by housing and feeding systems.This study aimed to investigate the impacts of in-house feeding(IHF)and artificial pasture grazing(AGF)systems on nutrient composition,flavor,and taste of thigh muscles of goose.The proximate analysis showed that,compared to IHF group,AGF group contained significantly higher contents of moisture and crude protein than ash and intramuscular fat.The findings of transcriptome analysis revealed that 139 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)displayed differential expression(102 genes downregulated and 37 genes upregulated),and only 13 DEGs were involved in fatty acid metabolic process,protein binding,and calcium ion binding.Together,79 and 16 significantly differential metabolites(SDMs)were identified through LC-MS/MS and GC-TOF-MS,respectively.Furthermore,we performed KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs and related them with enriched signaling pathways attained from SDMs.Collectively,we detected 4 common KEGG pathways involved in the development of flavor and taste in AGF geese,namely sphingolipid metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,and valine,leucine and isoleucine degradation.In these pathways,the upregulated uridine diphosphate(UDP)-glycosyltransferase 8(UGT8),glycine amidino-transferase(GATM),and aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH)and downregulated ceramide synthase 6(CERS6)genes may regulate the synthesis of metabolites including L-serine,phosphatidylethanolamine,L-arginine,L-glutamate,lysyl-proline,D-ornithine,putrescine,and alpha-ketoisocaproic acid 2 in pasture-fed group.These genes and metabolites may play a key role in regulating protein accumulation,IMF deposition,meat flavor,and taste development in pasture-fed group.展开更多
基金Financial support for this research was provided by Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China(CARS-34)the Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent in Central Plains(No.244200510010)the Outstanding Talents of Henan Agricultural University(No.30500636)。
文摘Background During the weaning phase,piglets are exposed to significant physiological and environmental stressors,which disrupt the balance of their intestinal microbiota and often lead to severe diarrhea.Previous studies have demonstrated that alfalfa fiber,derived from the stems and leaves of alfalfa,can effectively alleviate diarrhea in piglets.Additionally,multiple studies have highlighted the potential of fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)in mitigating diarrhea in various models of intestinal diseases in young animals.However,the specific mechanisms by which FMT from targeted sources alleviates diarrhea in weaned piglets remain to be fully elucidated.Results In this study,FMT from donor piglets fed an alfalfa fiber-supplemented diet effectively alleviated diarrhea,improved intestinal morphology,and enhanced gut barrier function in weaned piglets.FMT further promoted the colonization of beneficial bacterial genera(including UCG-005,unclassified Lachnospiraceae,Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group,UCG-002,Candidatus Saccharimonas,and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group)while inhibiting the detrimental genus Tyzzerella,consequently enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).Additionally,FMT upregulated riboflavin metabolism,leading to elevated flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)levels and increased glutathione reductase activity,thereby collectively attenuating lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced oxidative stress and contributing to intestinal health.Conclusions We found that FMT modulates the structure of the gut microbiota,enhances microbial diversity and composition,increases the production of SCFAs,and upregulates riboflavin metabolism to elevate FAD levels.These changes collectively enhance immune and antioxidant capacities,thereby alleviating diarrhea.
基金supported by Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System of China(CARS-34)Science and Technology Innovation Team of Henan Province High Quality Forage and Animal Health(No.22IRTSTHN022)the Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent in Central Plains(244200510010).
文摘Goose meat is rich in amino acids with unique taste and aroma traits that are targeted by housing and feeding systems.This study aimed to investigate the impacts of in-house feeding(IHF)and artificial pasture grazing(AGF)systems on nutrient composition,flavor,and taste of thigh muscles of goose.The proximate analysis showed that,compared to IHF group,AGF group contained significantly higher contents of moisture and crude protein than ash and intramuscular fat.The findings of transcriptome analysis revealed that 139 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)displayed differential expression(102 genes downregulated and 37 genes upregulated),and only 13 DEGs were involved in fatty acid metabolic process,protein binding,and calcium ion binding.Together,79 and 16 significantly differential metabolites(SDMs)were identified through LC-MS/MS and GC-TOF-MS,respectively.Furthermore,we performed KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs and related them with enriched signaling pathways attained from SDMs.Collectively,we detected 4 common KEGG pathways involved in the development of flavor and taste in AGF geese,namely sphingolipid metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,and valine,leucine and isoleucine degradation.In these pathways,the upregulated uridine diphosphate(UDP)-glycosyltransferase 8(UGT8),glycine amidino-transferase(GATM),and aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH)and downregulated ceramide synthase 6(CERS6)genes may regulate the synthesis of metabolites including L-serine,phosphatidylethanolamine,L-arginine,L-glutamate,lysyl-proline,D-ornithine,putrescine,and alpha-ketoisocaproic acid 2 in pasture-fed group.These genes and metabolites may play a key role in regulating protein accumulation,IMF deposition,meat flavor,and taste development in pasture-fed group.
