The Early Paleozoic porphyry-epithermal Au system of the Songshunangou District sits in the central segment of the North Qilian orogenic belt(NQOB).The porphyry Au mineralization is centered on the quartz diorite porp...The Early Paleozoic porphyry-epithermal Au system of the Songshunangou District sits in the central segment of the North Qilian orogenic belt(NQOB).The porphyry Au mineralization is centered on the quartz diorite porphyry(QDP),which is constrained to the Late Ordovician period.However,the geochemical signatures,the origin,and the tectonic setting of the QDP are not yet known and understood and are thus in the focus here.The QDP is a high-K calc-alkaline metaluminous rocks(K_(2)O+Na_(2)O:6.90-8.13;Al_(2)O_(3)/(CaO+Na_(2)O+K_(2)O):0.69-0.90)characterized by high(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_(t)values(0.7093-0.7101)and lowε_(Nd)(t)values(-2.9 to-2.7)with corresponding T_(DM2)(Nd)ages of 1408 to 1430 Ma.Zirconε_(Hf)(t)values are low(-1.51 to+2.76)with corresponding T_(DM2)(Hf)ages of 1262 to 1533 Ma.The lead isotope values are 17.695-18.476 for(^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t),15.585-15.629 for(^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t),and 37.214-37.948 for(^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t).These data indicate that the QDP formed by the mixing of mantle-derived magmas(50%-70%)with lower crustal melts.The QDP is enriched in LREEs and LILE(Rb,Th,K)and is depleted in HFSE(Nb,Ta,Ti),expressing a clear volcanic arc affinity.High La and Th contents,and Zr/Y and Hf/Yb values suggest that the QDP formed in an Andean-type continental margin arc setting related to the northward subduction of the North Qilian oceanic slab.The Early Paleozoic subduction-related intermediate-acidic intrusions in NQOB have arc magma affinity,indicating that these rocks bear a great potential to discover further fertile porphyry deposits.展开更多
Biomass is plant or animal material that stores both chemical and solar energies,and that is widely used for heat production and various industrial processes.Biomass contains a large amount of the element hydrogen,so ...Biomass is plant or animal material that stores both chemical and solar energies,and that is widely used for heat production and various industrial processes.Biomass contains a large amount of the element hydrogen,so it is an excellent source for hydrogen production.Therefore,biomass is a sustainable source for electricity or hydrogen production.Although biomass power plants and reforming plants have been commercialized,it remains a difficult challenge to develop more effective and economic technologies to further improve the conversion efficiency and reduce the environmental impacts in the conversion process.The use of biomass-based flow fuel cell technology to directly convert biomass to electricity and the use of electrolysis technology to convert biomass into hydrogen at a low temperature are two new research areas that have recently attracted interest.This paper first briefly introduces traditional technologies related to the conversion of biomass to electricity and hydrogen,and then reviews the new developments in flow biomass fuel cells(FBFCs)and biomass electrolysis for hydrogen production(BEHP)in detail.Further challenges in these areas are discussed.展开更多
A simple,rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of camellianin B in Cephalotaxus sinensis（C.sinensis）a natural plant with anti-hyperglycemic effect,was developed and validated by reversed phase liquid chr...A simple,rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of camellianin B in Cephalotaxus sinensis（C.sinensis）a natural plant with anti-hyperglycemic effect,was developed and validated by reversed phase liquid chromatography.Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column and an isocratic elution was carried out at a flow-rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 with the acetonitrile-water containing0.1%formic acid（19∶81,v/v）.The detection wavelength was set at 330 nm.The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.25-50μg·mL-1 with correlation coefficients larger than0.999 5.The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.09μg·mL-1and 0.25μg·mL-1,respectively.The precisions and accuracy for all samples were acceptable.The validated method has been successfully applied for the quantification of camellianin B in C.sinensis harvested in different months and may also be used as the quality evaluation of this herb medicine.展开更多
Detecting protein expression levels in organisms exposed to environmental pollutants can help us understand the action mechanism of toxicity. In the present study, adult female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received a cons...Detecting protein expression levels in organisms exposed to environmental pollutants can help us understand the action mechanism of toxicity. In the present study, adult female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received a consecutive intraperitoneal injection of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC) for seven days, and the ^16O/^18O labeling comparative proteomic approach was used to study the change of liver proteome in these rats. Thirty six differential proteins were identified between the control group and the high-dose-exposed group (8 mg/kg), of which, twenty eight proteins were down-regulated and eight proteins were up-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that most of the differential proteins were related with the metabolic and cellular processes. In addition, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) in liver were measured to evaluate the oxidative stress status induced by TBC exposure. Together, these findings showed that TBC might be toxic to liver by disrupting metabolic process and apoptosis. The results might provide a better insight into the mechanism of toxicity induced by TBC.展开更多
Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a major health problem leading to high rates of mortality and morbidity.Biomarker cardiac troponin I(cTnI)has shown high sensitivity and specificity towards AMI detection,and has bee...Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a major health problem leading to high rates of mortality and morbidity.Biomarker cardiac troponin I(cTnI)has shown high sensitivity and specificity towards AMI detection,and has been regarded as"gold standard".An ultrasensitive method to detectcTnI with low concentration in human fluid is essential.In this paper,we developed an aptamer-based assay coupled with rolling circle amplification(RCA)and molecular beacon probe for sensitive detection ofcTnI.In this strategy,aptamer acts as a bridge to communicate between oligonucleotides andcTnI.RCA reaction produces a single-stranded tandem repeated copy of the circular template,which are recognized by fluorescence molecular beacon probe.With this strategy,highly sensitive and specific detection of cTnI was realized with the lowest detectable concentration of 7.24 pg/m L.The developed aptamer-RCA assay can be a promising tool in clinical samples analysis.The assay can also analyze other disease-related biomarkers by replacing the aptamer.展开更多
Staggered herringbone micromixer has shown good efficiency of mixing and performance of synthesizing nanoparticles.To bring a detailed understanding of the mixing dynamics and syn-thesis performance of this kind of mi...Staggered herringbone micromixer has shown good efficiency of mixing and performance of synthesizing nanoparticles.To bring a detailed understanding of the mixing dynamics and syn-thesis performance of this kind of micromixer,this paper carries out a high-fidelity numerical simu-lation and a parametrial experimental study on a well-established design.A passive tracer is induced in the numerical simulation to analyze mixing dynamics induced by the staggered herring-bone structures.Three effects are identified to reveal the underlying mechanisms,including folding,stretching,and splitting.To the authors’knowledge,the splitting effect is identified for the first time by the isosurface of the passive tracer,to show the high efficiency of the staggered herring-bone design.The micromixer is then used to synthesize lipid nanoparticles by mixing a mixture of lipid and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)solutions with deionized water.Under a wide mass ratio of lipid and PLGA solutions,nanoparticles with good monodispersity are synthesized to reflect the good compatibility of the micromixer and the mixture.In addition,an optimized mass ratio is identified from the parametrical experiment.展开更多
This paper studies red blood cell （RBC） partitioning and blood flux redistribution in microvascular bifurcation by immersed boundary and lattice Boltzmann method. The effects of the initial position of RBC at low Re...This paper studies red blood cell （RBC） partitioning and blood flux redistribution in microvascular bifurcation by immersed boundary and lattice Boltzmann method. The effects of the initial position of RBC at low Reynolds number regime on the RBC deformation, RBC partitioning, blood flux redistribution and pressure distribution are discussed in detail. It is shown that the blood flux in the daughter branches and the initial position of RBC are important for RBC partitioning. RBC tends to enter the higher-flux-rate branch if the initial position of RBC is near the center of the mother vessel. The RBC may enter the lower-flux-rate branch if it is located near the wall of mother vessel on the lower-flux-rate branch side. Moreover, the blood flux is redistributed when an RBC presents in the daughter branch. Such redistribution is caused by the pressure distribution and reduces the superiority of RBC entering the same branch. The results obtained in the present work may provide a physical insight into the understanding of RBC partitioning and blood flux redistribution in microvascular bifurcation.展开更多
This article reviews the recent developments in microfluidic technologies for in vitro cancer diagnosis. We summarize the working principles and experimental results of microfluidic platforms for cancer cell detection...This article reviews the recent developments in microfluidic technologies for in vitro cancer diagnosis. We summarize the working principles and experimental results of microfluidic platforms for cancer cell detection, and separation based on magnetic activated micro-sorting, and differences in cellular biophysics (e.g., cell size and dielectrophoresis (DEP)).展开更多
Muscles,the fundamental components supporting all human movement,exhibit various signals upon contraction,including mechanical signals indicat-ing tremors or mechanical deformation and electrical signals responsive to...Muscles,the fundamental components supporting all human movement,exhibit various signals upon contraction,including mechanical signals indicat-ing tremors or mechanical deformation and electrical signals responsive to muscle fiber activation.For noninvasive wearable devices,these signals can be measured using surface electromyography(sEMG)and force myography(FMG)techniques,respectively.However,relying on a single source of infor-mation is insufficient for a comprehensive evaluation of muscle condition.In order to accurately and effectively evaluate the various states of muscles,it is necessary to integrate sEMG and FMG in a spatiotemporally synchronized manner.This study presents a flexible sensor for multimodal muscle state monitoring,integrating serpentine-structured sEMG electrodes with fingerprint-like FMG sensors into a patch approximately 250μm thick.This design achieves a multimodal assessment of muscle conditions while maintaining a compact form factor.A thermo-responsive adhesive hydrogel is incorporated to enhance skin adhesion,improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the sEMG signals(33.07 dB)and ensuring the stability of the FMG sensor dur-ing mechanical deformation and tremors.The patterned coupled sensing patch demonstrates its utility in tracking muscular strength,assessing fatigue levels,and discerning features of muscle dysfunction by analyzing the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the mechanical–electrical coupled signals,highlighting its potential application in sports training and rehabilita-tion monitoring.展开更多
Rapid,high-throughput,timely,multiplex diagnosis of respiratory-tract infections still relies on laboratory infrastructure,sequential assays,and trained personnel,thereby delaying targeted therapy and outbreak contain...Rapid,high-throughput,timely,multiplex diagnosis of respiratory-tract infections still relies on laboratory infrastructure,sequential assays,and trained personnel,thereby delaying targeted therapy and outbreak containment.In this study,a Fully Automated rotary microfluidic platform(FA-RMP)for high-throughput multiplex respiratory tract pathogens detection was presented.FA-RMP enables a true“sample-in,result-out”workflow through the integration of swab lysis,reagent partitioning,lyophilized reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification(RT-LAMP),and movingprobe fluorescence read-out,all encapsulated with a disposable microfluidic cartridge and paired with a 9 kg,fourchannel benchtop reader.The FA-RMP enables parallel processing of 16 independent reactions within 30 min,supporting simultaneous detection of up to 4 distinct clinical samples.Analytical validation using serially diluted Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)DNA established a limit of detection(LoD)of 50 copies μL^(-1) and a log-linear correlation between threshold time and template load(R^(2)=0.9528).Testing with eight non-target respiratory pathogens yielded no amplification,confirming high analytical specificity.FA-RMP successfully detected the clinical samples with influenza A,influenza B,and MP,further demonstrating its robust multiplex detection capability.By integrating automated sample preparation,multiplex isothermal amplification and quantitative detection into a portable,high-throughput system,the platform delivers laboratory-grade performance at the point of care,serving as a scalable tool for routine respiratory pathogens screening and rapid epidemic response.展开更多
1 Introduction Humanity has entered a new phase of space exploration in which long-term orbital habitats are becoming routine.Within these permanently inhabited,hermetically sealed modules,microbial safety has emerged...1 Introduction Humanity has entered a new phase of space exploration in which long-term orbital habitats are becoming routine.Within these permanently inhabited,hermetically sealed modules,microbial safety has emerged as a pivotal determinant of crew health and mission reliability.Closed circulation of air and water,together with the altered physiology and virulence of microorgan-isms in micro-gravity,renders conventional,Earth-based control measures insufficient and calls for space-specific innovations.Against this backdrop,China’s rapid progress in astronautics,exemplified by the successful assembly and sustained operation of the Tiangong Space Station,has become a powerful catalyst for the development of next-generation microbial monitoring and abatement technologies.展开更多
A compact and low-loss multimode waveguide bend plays a significant role in multimode channels and highdensity on-chip optical interconnection architectures,and it has become a key component of photonic integrated chi...A compact and low-loss multimode waveguide bend plays a significant role in multimode channels and highdensity on-chip optical interconnection architectures,and it has become a key component of photonic integrated chips.Here,we propose an inverse design method based on staged optimization of high-order Bezier curves with high degrees of freedom,which effectively overcomes the optimization limitations of traditional geometric curve design.Using this approach,we demonstrate an ultra-compact 90°multimode waveguide bend on a 220 nm silicon-on-insulator(SOl)platform,featuring an effective bending radius as small as 9μm and supporting four TE modes.Furthermore,the bend is extended to arbitrary angle interconnects,with 60°,120°,and 180°configurations as examples,significantly enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of on-chip compact multimode interconnections.Simulation results show that 90°bend exhibits excellent performance at 1550 nm with excess losses below 0.038 dB and crosstalk below-30 dB.The proposed design was further fabricated and experimentally characterized.The maximum measured excess loss is 0.13 dB,and the inter-mode crosstalk is all below-25 dB at 1550 nm.This device combines ultra-compact footprint,low loss,and excellent scalability,suitable for high-density on-chip interconnects.展开更多
The enantiomers separation of ei ght pharmaceutical racemates collected in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010(Ch.P2010),including nitrendipine,felodipine,omeprazole,praziquantel,sulpiride,clenbuterol hydrochloride,verapamil h...The enantiomers separation of ei ght pharmaceutical racemates collected in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010(Ch.P2010),including nitrendipine,felodipine,omeprazole,praziquantel,sulpiride,clenbuterol hydrochloride,verapamil hydrochloride and chlorphenamine maleate,was performed on chiral stationary phase of amylose ramification by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)on Chiralpak AD-H column and Chiralpak AS-H column with the mobile phase consisted of isopropanol and n-hexane.The detection wavelength and the flow rate were set at 254 nm and 0.7 mL/min,respectively.The effects of proportion of organic additives,alcohol displacer and temperature on the separation were investigated.The results indicated that eight chiral drugs were separated on chiral stationary phase of amylase ramification in normal phase chroma tographic system.The chromatographic retention and resolution of enantiomers were adjusted by factors,including the changes of the concentration of alcohol displacer in mobile phase,organic alkaline modifier and column temperature.It was shown that the resolution was improved with reducing concentration of alcohol displacer.When the concentration of organic alkaline modifier was 0.2%,the resolution and the peak shape were fairly good.Most racemates mentioned above had the best resolution at column temperature of 25℃.The best temperature should be kept unchanged in the process of separation so as to obtain stable separation results.展开更多
The therapeutic efficacy of metformin in prostate cancer(PCa)appears uncertain based on various clinical trials.Metformin treatment failure may be attributed to the high frequency of transcriptional dysregulation,whic...The therapeutic efficacy of metformin in prostate cancer(PCa)appears uncertain based on various clinical trials.Metformin treatment failure may be attributed to the high frequency of transcriptional dysregulation,which leads to drug resistance.However,the underlying mechanism is still unclear.In this study,we found evidences that metformin resistance in PCa cells may be linked to cell cycle reactivation.Super-enhancers(SEs),crucial regulatory elements,have been shown to be associated with drug resistance in various cancers.Our analysis of SEs in metformin-resistant(MetR)PCa cells revealed a correlation with Prostaglandin Reductase 1(PTGR1)expression,which was identified as significantly increased in a cluster of cells with metformin resistance through single-cell transcriptome sequencing.Our functional experiments showed that PTGR1 overexpression accelerated cell cycle progression by promoting progression from the G0/G1 to the S and G2/M phases,resulting in reduced sensitivity to metformin.Additionally,we identified key transcription factors that significantly increase PTGR1 expression,such as SRF and RUNX3,providing potential new targets to address metformin resistance in PCa.In conclusion,our study sheds new light on the cellular mechanism underlying metformin resistance and the regulation of the SE-TFs-PTGR1 axis,offering potential avenues to enhance metformin’s therapeutic efficacy in PCa.展开更多
Respiratory sensing provides a simple,non-invasive,and efficient way for medical diagnosis and health monitoring,but it relies on sensors that are conformal,accurate,durable,and sustainable working.Here,a stretchgll s...Respiratory sensing provides a simple,non-invasive,and efficient way for medical diagnosis and health monitoring,but it relies on sensors that are conformal,accurate,durable,and sustainable working.Here,a stretchgll structure can convert transverse elastic deformation into longitudinal elastic deformation during stretching.able,multichannel respiratory sensor inspired by the structure of shark gill cleftis reported.The bionic shark Combining the optimized bionic shark gll structure with the piezoelectric and the triboelectric effect,the bionic shark gill respiratory sensor(BSG-RS)can produce a graded electrical response to different tensile strains.Based on this feature,BSG-RS can simultaneously monitor the breathing rate and breathing depth of the human body accurately,and realize the effective recognition of the different human body's breathing state under the supporting software,With good stretchability,wearabilit,acuracy,and long-term stability(50,0oo cycles),BSG-RS is expected to be applied as self-powered smart wearables for mobile medical diagnostic analysis in the future.展开更多
Xenia,the phenomenon in which the pollen genotype directly affects the phenotypic characteristics of maternal tissues(i.e.,fruit ripening),has applications in crop production and breeding.However,the underlying molecu...Xenia,the phenomenon in which the pollen genotype directly affects the phenotypic characteristics of maternal tissues(i.e.,fruit ripening),has applications in crop production and breeding.However,the underlying molecular mechanism has yet to be elucidated.Here,we investigated whether mobile mRNAs from the pollen affect the ripening and quality-related characteristics of the fruit using cross-pollination between distinct Malus domestica(apple)cultivars.We demonstrated that hundreds of mobile mRNAs originating fromthe seeds are deliveredto thefruit.Wefoundthat themovementof one of these mRNAs,AcC oxidase 3(MdAco3),is coordinated with fruit ripening.Salicylic acid treatment,which can cause plasmodesmal closure,blocks MdAcO3 movement,indicating that MdAcO3 transcripts may move through the plasmodesmata.To assess the role of mobile MdAcO3 transcripts in apple fruit,we created MdACO3-GFP-expressing apple seeds using MdACO3-GFP-overexpressing pollen for pollination and showed that MdACO3 transcripts in the transgenic seeds move to the flesh,where they promote fruit ripening.Furthermore,we demonstrated that MdAco3 can be transported from the seeds to fruit in the fleshy-fruited species tomato and strawberry.These results underscore the potential of mobile mRNAs from seeds to influence fruit characteristics,providing an explanation for the xenia phenomenon.Notably,our findings highlight the feasibility of leveraging diverse pollen genomic resources,without resorting to genome editing,to improve fruitquality.展开更多
Micro fluidic chip has been applied in various biological fields owing to its low-consumption of reagents, high throughput, fuidic controllability and integrity. The well-designed microscale intermediary is also ideal...Micro fluidic chip has been applied in various biological fields owing to its low-consumption of reagents, high throughput, fuidic controllability and integrity. The well-designed microscale intermediary is also ideal for the study of cell biology. Particularly, microfluidic chip is helpful for better understanding cell-cell interactions. A general survey of recent publications would help to generalize the designs of the co-culture chips with different features. With ingenious and combinational utilization, the chips facilitate the implementation of some special coculture models that are highly concerned in a different spatial and temporal way.展开更多
基金jointly funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42230813,41972084)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2905000)the Everest Scientific Research Program of the Chengdu University of Technology(No.2020ZF11407)。
文摘The Early Paleozoic porphyry-epithermal Au system of the Songshunangou District sits in the central segment of the North Qilian orogenic belt(NQOB).The porphyry Au mineralization is centered on the quartz diorite porphyry(QDP),which is constrained to the Late Ordovician period.However,the geochemical signatures,the origin,and the tectonic setting of the QDP are not yet known and understood and are thus in the focus here.The QDP is a high-K calc-alkaline metaluminous rocks(K_(2)O+Na_(2)O:6.90-8.13;Al_(2)O_(3)/(CaO+Na_(2)O+K_(2)O):0.69-0.90)characterized by high(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_(t)values(0.7093-0.7101)and lowε_(Nd)(t)values(-2.9 to-2.7)with corresponding T_(DM2)(Nd)ages of 1408 to 1430 Ma.Zirconε_(Hf)(t)values are low(-1.51 to+2.76)with corresponding T_(DM2)(Hf)ages of 1262 to 1533 Ma.The lead isotope values are 17.695-18.476 for(^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t),15.585-15.629 for(^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t),and 37.214-37.948 for(^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb)_(t).These data indicate that the QDP formed by the mixing of mantle-derived magmas(50%-70%)with lower crustal melts.The QDP is enriched in LREEs and LILE(Rb,Th,K)and is depleted in HFSE(Nb,Ta,Ti),expressing a clear volcanic arc affinity.High La and Th contents,and Zr/Y and Hf/Yb values suggest that the QDP formed in an Andean-type continental margin arc setting related to the northward subduction of the North Qilian oceanic slab.The Early Paleozoic subduction-related intermediate-acidic intrusions in NQOB have arc magma affinity,indicating that these rocks bear a great potential to discover further fertile porphyry deposits.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51878263,U2001225,and 51638008)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC0705400).
文摘Biomass is plant or animal material that stores both chemical and solar energies,and that is widely used for heat production and various industrial processes.Biomass contains a large amount of the element hydrogen,so it is an excellent source for hydrogen production.Therefore,biomass is a sustainable source for electricity or hydrogen production.Although biomass power plants and reforming plants have been commercialized,it remains a difficult challenge to develop more effective and economic technologies to further improve the conversion efficiency and reduce the environmental impacts in the conversion process.The use of biomass-based flow fuel cell technology to directly convert biomass to electricity and the use of electrolysis technology to convert biomass into hydrogen at a low temperature are two new research areas that have recently attracted interest.This paper first briefly introduces traditional technologies related to the conversion of biomass to electricity and hydrogen,and then reviews the new developments in flow biomass fuel cells(FBFCs)and biomass electrolysis for hydrogen production(BEHP)in detail.Further challenges in these areas are discussed.
基金Supported by the Opening Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application,Chinese Astronaut Research and Training Center(SMFA15K04)
文摘A simple,rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of camellianin B in Cephalotaxus sinensis（C.sinensis）a natural plant with anti-hyperglycemic effect,was developed and validated by reversed phase liquid chromatography.Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column and an isocratic elution was carried out at a flow-rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 with the acetonitrile-water containing0.1%formic acid（19∶81,v/v）.The detection wavelength was set at 330 nm.The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.25-50μg·mL-1 with correlation coefficients larger than0.999 5.The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.09μg·mL-1and 0.25μg·mL-1,respectively.The precisions and accuracy for all samples were acceptable.The validated method has been successfully applied for the quantification of camellianin B in C.sinensis harvested in different months and may also be used as the quality evaluation of this herb medicine.
基金Supported by the Basic Research Foundation of Beijing Institute of Technology(20141642002)
文摘Detecting protein expression levels in organisms exposed to environmental pollutants can help us understand the action mechanism of toxicity. In the present study, adult female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received a consecutive intraperitoneal injection of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC) for seven days, and the ^16O/^18O labeling comparative proteomic approach was used to study the change of liver proteome in these rats. Thirty six differential proteins were identified between the control group and the high-dose-exposed group (8 mg/kg), of which, twenty eight proteins were down-regulated and eight proteins were up-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that most of the differential proteins were related with the metabolic and cellular processes. In addition, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) in liver were measured to evaluate the oxidative stress status induced by TBC exposure. Together, these findings showed that TBC might be toxic to liver by disrupting metabolic process and apoptosis. The results might provide a better insight into the mechanism of toxicity induced by TBC.
基金Supported by the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Projects of China(2012YQ04014005)。
文摘Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a major health problem leading to high rates of mortality and morbidity.Biomarker cardiac troponin I(cTnI)has shown high sensitivity and specificity towards AMI detection,and has been regarded as"gold standard".An ultrasensitive method to detectcTnI with low concentration in human fluid is essential.In this paper,we developed an aptamer-based assay coupled with rolling circle amplification(RCA)and molecular beacon probe for sensitive detection ofcTnI.In this strategy,aptamer acts as a bridge to communicate between oligonucleotides andcTnI.RCA reaction produces a single-stranded tandem repeated copy of the circular template,which are recognized by fluorescence molecular beacon probe.With this strategy,highly sensitive and specific detection of cTnI was realized with the lowest detectable concentration of 7.24 pg/m L.The developed aptamer-RCA assay can be a promising tool in clinical samples analysis.The assay can also analyze other disease-related biomarkers by replacing the aptamer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11772343)the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars.
文摘Staggered herringbone micromixer has shown good efficiency of mixing and performance of synthesizing nanoparticles.To bring a detailed understanding of the mixing dynamics and syn-thesis performance of this kind of micromixer,this paper carries out a high-fidelity numerical simu-lation and a parametrial experimental study on a well-established design.A passive tracer is induced in the numerical simulation to analyze mixing dynamics induced by the staggered herring-bone structures.Three effects are identified to reveal the underlying mechanisms,including folding,stretching,and splitting.To the authors’knowledge,the splitting effect is identified for the first time by the isosurface of the passive tracer,to show the high efficiency of the staggered herring-bone design.The micromixer is then used to synthesize lipid nanoparticles by mixing a mixture of lipid and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)solutions with deionized water.Under a wide mass ratio of lipid and PLGA solutions,nanoparticles with good monodispersity are synthesized to reflect the good compatibility of the micromixer and the mixture.In addition,an optimized mass ratio is identified from the parametrical experiment.
基金supported by Excellent Young Teachers Program (3160012261-001)Fund for Basic Research(3160012211104) of Beijing Institute of Technologypartly supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program (2009BAK59B01)
文摘This paper studies red blood cell （RBC） partitioning and blood flux redistribution in microvascular bifurcation by immersed boundary and lattice Boltzmann method. The effects of the initial position of RBC at low Reynolds number regime on the RBC deformation, RBC partitioning, blood flux redistribution and pressure distribution are discussed in detail. It is shown that the blood flux in the daughter branches and the initial position of RBC are important for RBC partitioning. RBC tends to enter the higher-flux-rate branch if the initial position of RBC is near the center of the mother vessel. The RBC may enter the lower-flux-rate branch if it is located near the wall of mother vessel on the lower-flux-rate branch side. Moreover, the blood flux is redistributed when an RBC presents in the daughter branch. Such redistribution is caused by the pressure distribution and reduces the superiority of RBC entering the same branch. The results obtained in the present work may provide a physical insight into the understanding of RBC partitioning and blood flux redistribution in microvascular bifurcation.
文摘This article reviews the recent developments in microfluidic technologies for in vitro cancer diagnosis. We summarize the working principles and experimental results of microfluidic platforms for cancer cell detection, and separation based on magnetic activated micro-sorting, and differences in cellular biophysics (e.g., cell size and dielectrophoresis (DEP)).
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFE0111700National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:T2125003,82202075+3 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:L212010National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents,Grant/Award Number:BX20220380China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2022M710389Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Muscles,the fundamental components supporting all human movement,exhibit various signals upon contraction,including mechanical signals indicat-ing tremors or mechanical deformation and electrical signals responsive to muscle fiber activation.For noninvasive wearable devices,these signals can be measured using surface electromyography(sEMG)and force myography(FMG)techniques,respectively.However,relying on a single source of infor-mation is insufficient for a comprehensive evaluation of muscle condition.In order to accurately and effectively evaluate the various states of muscles,it is necessary to integrate sEMG and FMG in a spatiotemporally synchronized manner.This study presents a flexible sensor for multimodal muscle state monitoring,integrating serpentine-structured sEMG electrodes with fingerprint-like FMG sensors into a patch approximately 250μm thick.This design achieves a multimodal assessment of muscle conditions while maintaining a compact form factor.A thermo-responsive adhesive hydrogel is incorporated to enhance skin adhesion,improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the sEMG signals(33.07 dB)and ensuring the stability of the FMG sensor dur-ing mechanical deformation and tremors.The patterned coupled sensing patch demonstrates its utility in tracking muscular strength,assessing fatigue levels,and discerning features of muscle dysfunction by analyzing the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the mechanical–electrical coupled signals,highlighting its potential application in sports training and rehabilita-tion monitoring.
文摘Rapid,high-throughput,timely,multiplex diagnosis of respiratory-tract infections still relies on laboratory infrastructure,sequential assays,and trained personnel,thereby delaying targeted therapy and outbreak containment.In this study,a Fully Automated rotary microfluidic platform(FA-RMP)for high-throughput multiplex respiratory tract pathogens detection was presented.FA-RMP enables a true“sample-in,result-out”workflow through the integration of swab lysis,reagent partitioning,lyophilized reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification(RT-LAMP),and movingprobe fluorescence read-out,all encapsulated with a disposable microfluidic cartridge and paired with a 9 kg,fourchannel benchtop reader.The FA-RMP enables parallel processing of 16 independent reactions within 30 min,supporting simultaneous detection of up to 4 distinct clinical samples.Analytical validation using serially diluted Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)DNA established a limit of detection(LoD)of 50 copies μL^(-1) and a log-linear correlation between threshold time and template load(R^(2)=0.9528).Testing with eight non-target respiratory pathogens yielded no amplification,confirming high analytical specificity.FA-RMP successfully detected the clinical samples with influenza A,influenza B,and MP,further demonstrating its robust multiplex detection capability.By integrating automated sample preparation,multiplex isothermal amplification and quantitative detection into a portable,high-throughput system,the platform delivers laboratory-grade performance at the point of care,serving as a scalable tool for routine respiratory pathogens screening and rapid epidemic response.
文摘1 Introduction Humanity has entered a new phase of space exploration in which long-term orbital habitats are becoming routine.Within these permanently inhabited,hermetically sealed modules,microbial safety has emerged as a pivotal determinant of crew health and mission reliability.Closed circulation of air and water,together with the altered physiology and virulence of microorgan-isms in micro-gravity,renders conventional,Earth-based control measures insufficient and calls for space-specific innovations.Against this backdrop,China’s rapid progress in astronautics,exemplified by the successful assembly and sustained operation of the Tiangong Space Station,has become a powerful catalyst for the development of next-generation microbial monitoring and abatement technologies.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62305381,62105152,62525509)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(30919011401,30922010204,30922010718,JSGP202202)+4 种基金Funds of the Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology(6142113210205)Leading Technology of Jiangsu Basic Research Plan(BK20192003)National Defense Pre-Research Foundation of China during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period(D040107)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral TalentPostgraduate Research Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province。
文摘A compact and low-loss multimode waveguide bend plays a significant role in multimode channels and highdensity on-chip optical interconnection architectures,and it has become a key component of photonic integrated chips.Here,we propose an inverse design method based on staged optimization of high-order Bezier curves with high degrees of freedom,which effectively overcomes the optimization limitations of traditional geometric curve design.Using this approach,we demonstrate an ultra-compact 90°multimode waveguide bend on a 220 nm silicon-on-insulator(SOl)platform,featuring an effective bending radius as small as 9μm and supporting four TE modes.Furthermore,the bend is extended to arbitrary angle interconnects,with 60°,120°,and 180°configurations as examples,significantly enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of on-chip compact multimode interconnections.Simulation results show that 90°bend exhibits excellent performance at 1550 nm with excess losses below 0.038 dB and crosstalk below-30 dB.The proposed design was further fabricated and experimentally characterized.The maximum measured excess loss is 0.13 dB,and the inter-mode crosstalk is all below-25 dB at 1550 nm.This device combines ultra-compact footprint,low loss,and excellent scalability,suitable for high-density on-chip interconnects.
文摘The enantiomers separation of ei ght pharmaceutical racemates collected in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010(Ch.P2010),including nitrendipine,felodipine,omeprazole,praziquantel,sulpiride,clenbuterol hydrochloride,verapamil hydrochloride and chlorphenamine maleate,was performed on chiral stationary phase of amylose ramification by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)on Chiralpak AD-H column and Chiralpak AS-H column with the mobile phase consisted of isopropanol and n-hexane.The detection wavelength and the flow rate were set at 254 nm and 0.7 mL/min,respectively.The effects of proportion of organic additives,alcohol displacer and temperature on the separation were investigated.The results indicated that eight chiral drugs were separated on chiral stationary phase of amylase ramification in normal phase chroma tographic system.The chromatographic retention and resolution of enantiomers were adjusted by factors,including the changes of the concentration of alcohol displacer in mobile phase,organic alkaline modifier and column temperature.It was shown that the resolution was improved with reducing concentration of alcohol displacer.When the concentration of organic alkaline modifier was 0.2%,the resolution and the peak shape were fairly good.Most racemates mentioned above had the best resolution at column temperature of 25℃.The best temperature should be kept unchanged in the process of separation so as to obtain stable separation results.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072813,82203557,82103358)The Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(File no.0031/2021/A,0090/2022/A)+1 种基金GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020A1515110792,2022A1515010342,2020A1515110640,2020A1515011290)Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project(202201010053).We thank Mr.Yuanqi Feng for bioinformatic support and discussion,Mr.Zuqing Deng for technical assistance and discussion.
文摘The therapeutic efficacy of metformin in prostate cancer(PCa)appears uncertain based on various clinical trials.Metformin treatment failure may be attributed to the high frequency of transcriptional dysregulation,which leads to drug resistance.However,the underlying mechanism is still unclear.In this study,we found evidences that metformin resistance in PCa cells may be linked to cell cycle reactivation.Super-enhancers(SEs),crucial regulatory elements,have been shown to be associated with drug resistance in various cancers.Our analysis of SEs in metformin-resistant(MetR)PCa cells revealed a correlation with Prostaglandin Reductase 1(PTGR1)expression,which was identified as significantly increased in a cluster of cells with metformin resistance through single-cell transcriptome sequencing.Our functional experiments showed that PTGR1 overexpression accelerated cell cycle progression by promoting progression from the G0/G1 to the S and G2/M phases,resulting in reduced sensitivity to metformin.Additionally,we identified key transcription factors that significantly increase PTGR1 expression,such as SRF and RUNX3,providing potential new targets to address metformin resistance in PCa.In conclusion,our study sheds new light on the cellular mechanism underlying metformin resistance and the regulation of the SE-TFs-PTGR1 axis,offering potential avenues to enhance metformin’s therapeutic efficacy in PCa.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.T2125003,61875015,and 62004010)Bejing Natural Science Foundation(Grants No.JQ20038 and 7204275)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities for the support.
文摘Respiratory sensing provides a simple,non-invasive,and efficient way for medical diagnosis and health monitoring,but it relies on sensors that are conformal,accurate,durable,and sustainable working.Here,a stretchgll structure can convert transverse elastic deformation into longitudinal elastic deformation during stretching.able,multichannel respiratory sensor inspired by the structure of shark gill cleftis reported.The bionic shark Combining the optimized bionic shark gll structure with the piezoelectric and the triboelectric effect,the bionic shark gill respiratory sensor(BSG-RS)can produce a graded electrical response to different tensile strains.Based on this feature,BSG-RS can simultaneously monitor the breathing rate and breathing depth of the human body accurately,and realize the effective recognition of the different human body's breathing state under the supporting software,With good stretchability,wearabilit,acuracy,and long-term stability(50,0oo cycles),BSG-RS is expected to be applied as self-powered smart wearables for mobile medical diagnostic analysis in the future.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1003100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.32322074)+1 种基金the 111 Project(B17043)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University.
文摘Xenia,the phenomenon in which the pollen genotype directly affects the phenotypic characteristics of maternal tissues(i.e.,fruit ripening),has applications in crop production and breeding.However,the underlying molecular mechanism has yet to be elucidated.Here,we investigated whether mobile mRNAs from the pollen affect the ripening and quality-related characteristics of the fruit using cross-pollination between distinct Malus domestica(apple)cultivars.We demonstrated that hundreds of mobile mRNAs originating fromthe seeds are deliveredto thefruit.Wefoundthat themovementof one of these mRNAs,AcC oxidase 3(MdAco3),is coordinated with fruit ripening.Salicylic acid treatment,which can cause plasmodesmal closure,blocks MdAcO3 movement,indicating that MdAcO3 transcripts may move through the plasmodesmata.To assess the role of mobile MdAcO3 transcripts in apple fruit,we created MdACO3-GFP-expressing apple seeds using MdACO3-GFP-overexpressing pollen for pollination and showed that MdACO3 transcripts in the transgenic seeds move to the flesh,where they promote fruit ripening.Furthermore,we demonstrated that MdAco3 can be transported from the seeds to fruit in the fleshy-fruited species tomato and strawberry.These results underscore the potential of mobile mRNAs from seeds to influence fruit characteristics,providing an explanation for the xenia phenomenon.Notably,our findings highlight the feasibility of leveraging diverse pollen genomic resources,without resorting to genome editing,to improve fruitquality.
文摘Micro fluidic chip has been applied in various biological fields owing to its low-consumption of reagents, high throughput, fuidic controllability and integrity. The well-designed microscale intermediary is also ideal for the study of cell biology. Particularly, microfluidic chip is helpful for better understanding cell-cell interactions. A general survey of recent publications would help to generalize the designs of the co-culture chips with different features. With ingenious and combinational utilization, the chips facilitate the implementation of some special coculture models that are highly concerned in a different spatial and temporal way.
