The mass discarding face masks has caused severe environmental problems during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.To reduce waste and minimize environmental impact,we present a new face mask featuring selfcharging extend...The mass discarding face masks has caused severe environmental problems during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.To reduce waste and minimize environmental impact,we present a new face mask featuring selfcharging extended service time and fully biodegradable materials.To extend the effective service time,we need to supplement the lost electric charge of the electret layer of face masks,for which task we propose to use the piezoelectric effect and generate electricity from breathing motions.However,existing piezoelectric materials are either toxic,impermeable,rigid,costly,or non-degradable.We synthesize a fully biodegradable piezoelectric membrane composed of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and glycine(GLY)via the electrospinning process.Parameters are accurately controlled to ensure that glycine crystallizes into a highly piezoelectricβphase during electrospinning and enables piezoelectric responses of the filter membrane.Tested with the standard 0.3μm particles,face masks made of the PVA-GLY membrane show an outstanding filtration efficiency of 97%,which remains stable over at least 10 h of high-concentration continuous filtration.Furthermore,we demonstrated the biodegradability of PVA-GLY masks,which can degrade completely within a few weeks,compared to commonly used surgical masks requiring over thirty years to be decomposed.展开更多
Virtual reality(VR)technology revitalises rehabilitation training by creating rich,interactive virtual rehabilitation scenes and tasks that deeply engage patients.Robotics with immersive VR environments have the poten...Virtual reality(VR)technology revitalises rehabilitation training by creating rich,interactive virtual rehabilitation scenes and tasks that deeply engage patients.Robotics with immersive VR environments have the potential to significantly enhance the sense of immersion for patients during training.This paper proposes a rehabilitation robot system.The system integrates a VR environment,the exoskeleton entity,and research on rehabilitation assessment metrics derived from surface electromyographic signal(sEMG).Employing more realistic and engaging virtual stimuli,this method guides patients to actively participate,thereby enhancing the effectiveness of neural connection reconstruction—an essential aspect of rehabilitation.Furthermore,this study introduces a muscle activation model that merges linear and non-linear states of muscle,avoiding the impact of non-linear shape factors on model accuracy present in traditional models.A muscle strength assessment model based on optimised generalised regression(WOAGRNN)is also proposed,with a root mean square error of 0.017,347 and a mean absolute percentage error of 1.2461%,serving as critical assessment indicators for the effectiveness of rehabilitation.Finally,the system is preliminarily applied in human movement experiments,validating the practicality and potential effectiveness of VRcentred rehabilitation strategies in medical recovery.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs),endowed with exceptional light-matter interaction strength,have become a pivotal platform in advanced optoelectronics,enabling atomically precise control of ex...Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs),endowed with exceptional light-matter interaction strength,have become a pivotal platform in advanced optoelectronics,enabling atomically precise control of excitonic phenomena and offering transformative potential for engineering next-generation optoelectronic devices.In contrast to the narrowband absorption characteristics of conventional band-edge excitons,which are limited by the bandgap energy,highenergy excitons not only demonstrate broad momentum matching capability in the ultraviolet regime due to band nesting effects,but also exhibit distinct absorption peak signatures owing to robust excitonic stabilization under 2D confinement.These unique photophysical properties have established such systems as a prominent research frontier in contemporary exciton physics.This review primarily outlines the distinctive physical characteristics of high-energy excitons in TMDs from the perspectives of band structure,excitonic characteristics,and optical properties.Subsequently,we systematically delineate cutting-edge developments in TMD-based photonic devices exploiting high-energy excitonic band-nesting phenomena,with dedicated emphasis on the strategic engineering of nanoscale heterostructures for tailored optoelectronic functionality.Finally,the discussion concludes with an examination of the challenges associated with the design of high-energy exciton devices and their potential future applications.展开更多
The effects of lanthanum on growth, soluble sugar content, essential oil contents and quality were studied in lavender plant（Lavandula Angustifolia Mill, Variety 701） under osmotic stress by means of PEG-6000 soluti...The effects of lanthanum on growth, soluble sugar content, essential oil contents and quality were studied in lavender plant（Lavandula Angustifolia Mill, Variety 701） under osmotic stress by means of PEG-6000 solution. The results show that osmotic stress could reduce the growth rate of lavender, and increase the content of SSC（soluble sugar concentration） to some extent. Compared with control group,the contents of essential oil in flowers and leaves respectively increase by 45.6% and 48.3% in the osmotic stress group induced by 15% PEG-6000. However, the presence of lanthanum can make the contents of essential oil in the flowers and leaves of stressed lavender plants enhance by 19.4% and 18.6%, respectively. Under osmotic stress, the relative contents of four kinds of lavender essential oil compositions of camphor, linalool, linalyl acetate and lavandulol acetate in the lavender flowers were successively 22.63%,0.61%,25.46%,7.03%,and 20.17%,0.62%,20.72%,10.80%,respectively in the presence and absence of lanthanum. The contents of all four main components of lavender essential oils meet the requirements of the national standard under osmotic stress in the presence of lanthanum. However, in the absence of lanthanum, the contents of linalyl acetate and lavandulol acetate does not meet the requirements of the national standard under osmotic stress. Moreover, the contents of five components of borneol, camphor,eudesmol, caryophyllene oxide and bicyclic sesquiphellandrene from the essential oil of lavender leaves are 12.89%, 3.84%, 8.76%, 11.30% and 8.10%, respectively. The total content of above five components accounts for 44.89% of the essential oil of the lavender leaves. Particularly, the borneol content in leaf essential oil is up to 12.89%. It is 125.2 times the amount of borneol in the flower essential oil. In conclusion, the suitable concentration of lanthanum can improve the adaptability of lavender plants, and heighten the content and quality of lavender essential oil to some extent under osmotic stress.展开更多
Autonomous aerial refueling technology is gaining increasing attention to enhance aircraft combat capabilities.Current research on autonomous refueling focuses mainly on flight control laws,with little attention to th...Autonomous aerial refueling technology is gaining increasing attention to enhance aircraft combat capabilities.Current research on autonomous refueling focuses mainly on flight control laws,with little attention to the automation of refueling pipes.This leads to high demands on control law performance and navigation accuracy,making it difficult to ensure reliability.To address this,we propose a robotic arm system capable of automatic docking during the flexible aerial refueling process.The system uses a conical kinematic space configuration,offering enhanced stability and impact resistance.The frame-type structure achieves a lightweight design.Additionally,we establish a single-objective optimization model for the connecting rod dimensions and apply a genetic algorithm(GA)for their optimization.We also propose a trajectory-fitting calibration theory based on the robotic arm's special configuration and complete its movement accuracy calibration using a laser tracker.This calibration method reduces the robotic arm's motion error by 71%,achieving an absolute positioning accuracy better than 3.5 mm,which meets the requirements for autonomous aerial refueling.In summary,this research presents a hybrid robotic arm that meets automatic docking requirements,offering a new approach to autonomous aerial refueling.展开更多
mRNA therapeutics have significantly evolved within the life sciences,particularly in applications such as vaccines,tumor immunotherapy,protein replacement,gene editing,and monoclonal antibody therapy.To fully realize...mRNA therapeutics have significantly evolved within the life sciences,particularly in applications such as vaccines,tumor immunotherapy,protein replacement,gene editing,and monoclonal antibody therapy.To fully realize the potential of mRNA drugs and mitigate the adverse effects,substantial vector materials have been developed for delivery of these pharmaceutical agents.Lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)represent the most clinically advanced mRNA carriers,recognized by U.S.Food and Drug Administration approved mRNA vaccines and numerous clinical trials.Diverse therapeutic applications necessitate tailored design of LNPs.Herein,we outline the principles of LNP design for mRNA delivery,focusing specifically on their effectiveness,targeting capabilities,safety profiles,and nanoparticle stability.Additionally,we present the latest advancements in mRNA-LNP technology.This review aims to elucidate the benefits and design principles of LNP delivery systems for mRNA therapeutics,providing insights into breakthroughs and innovative ideas for further enhancing these advantages.These summaries are dedicated to promoting the broader applications of LNP-mRNA drugs,aiming to advance the treatment of serious diseases in an effective and safe manner.展开更多
Surgical image segmentation serves as the foundation for laparoscopic surgical navigation technol-ogy.The indistinct local features of biological tissues in laparoscopic image pose challenges for image segmentation.To...Surgical image segmentation serves as the foundation for laparoscopic surgical navigation technol-ogy.The indistinct local features of biological tissues in laparoscopic image pose challenges for image segmentation.To address this issue,we develop an image segmentation network tailored for laparoscopic surgery.Firstly,we introduce the Mixed Attention Enhancement(MAE)module that sequentially conducts the Channel Attention Enhancement(CAE)module and the Global Feature Enhancement(GFE)module linked in series.The CAE module enhances the network's perception of prominent channels,allowing feature maps to exhibit clear local features.The GFE module is capable of extracting global features from both the height and width dimensions of images and integrating them into three-dimensional features.This enhancement improves the network's ability to capture global features,thereby facilitating the inference of regions with indistinct local features.Secondly,we propose the Multi-scale Feature Fusion(MFF)module.This module expands the feature map into various scales,further enlarging the network's receptive field and enhancing perception of features at multiple scales.In addition,we tested the proposed network on the EndoVis 2018 and a human minimally invasive liver resection image segmentation dataset,comparing it against six other advanced image segmentation networks.The comparative test results demonstrate that the proposed network achieves the most advanced performance on both datasets,proving its potential in improving surgical image segmentation outcome.展开更多
A new method,to our knowledge,in designing a metasurface with wideband and angularly stable radar cross section(RCS)reduction based on the coupling effect of orbital angular momentum(OAM)and focal shift(FS)is proposed...A new method,to our knowledge,in designing a metasurface with wideband and angularly stable radar cross section(RCS)reduction based on the coupling effect of orbital angular momentum(OAM)and focal shift(FS)is proposed.Through the analytical discussion of both an ideal scattering model and a practical array model,it is found that the effect of OAM-FS coupling can control the scattering wavefronts efficiently with an optimal arrangement in backward field and‘homogenization'reflected field,indicating RCS reduction in both monostatic and bistatic directions.To verify this method,by combining three phases(geometric phase,gradient phase,and divergent phase),the OAM-FS coupling metasurface is designed and its performance in RCS reduction is tested in simulation and experimentally.The unit cell of the metasurface,constructed with arcs and lines,can provide arbitrary phase compensation and polarization conversion performance within a fractional bandwidth of115.4%.Our results show that the proposed metasurface achieves a 10 d B reduction in both monostatic and bistatic RCSs over 8–32 GHz and has angular stability under 0°-30°oblique incidence of plane waves,and the measured results are in good agreement with the simulations.Our findings not only reveal a coupling effect in scattering waves of metasurfaces,but also offer a new perspective in manipulation of reflection and RCS reduction,which has potential applications in stealth technology.展开更多
The conventional free radical polymerization(FRP) of multivinyl monomers(MVMs) inevitably leads to gelation even at low monomer conversion resulting in difficulties to control and monitor the reaction process. Flory a...The conventional free radical polymerization(FRP) of multivinyl monomers(MVMs) inevitably leads to gelation even at low monomer conversion resulting in difficulties to control and monitor the reaction process. Flory and Stockmayer(F-S theory)studied it based on two fundamental assumptions:(1) independent and equivalent vinyl groups;(2) no intramolecular cyclization.However, until now its applicability to FRP of MVMs(especially regarding the extent of intramolecular cyclization) is still controversial. In this paper, Monte Carlo simulations are used to study FRP of divinyl monomers by two kinetic models:with/without cyclization models. The results of the simulations are compared with the calculated gel points based on F-S theory and the experimental data. It is found that the intramolecular cyclization has a negligible impact on the polymerization process and the gel point before gelation, which are in agreement with the prediction by F-S theory, but the effect becomes significant above the gel points.展开更多
The differences between traditional Chinese medicine clinical terminological system(TCMCTS)and systematized nomenclature of medicine-clinical terms are analyzed.The principles,first-level hierarchy,concept-defined met...The differences between traditional Chinese medicine clinical terminological system(TCMCTS)and systematized nomenclature of medicine-clinical terms are analyzed.The principles,first-level hierarchy,concept-defined method,and future application of TCMCTS based on ISO 19465:2017 are also introduced.TCMCTS fully covers the concepts of traditional Chinese medicine clinical terms and the logical expression of these concepts,provides the basis for semantic retrieval,knowledge,and reasoning,contributes to traditional Chinese medicine clinical data cleaning,standardization,and structured storage,and promotes the sharing and utilization of clinical data.展开更多
基金supported by General Research Grants (GRF Project No. 11212021 and No. 11210822) from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Regionthe Innovation and Technology Fund (Project No. ITS/065/20GHP/096/19SZ) from Innovation and Technology Commission of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
文摘The mass discarding face masks has caused severe environmental problems during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.To reduce waste and minimize environmental impact,we present a new face mask featuring selfcharging extended service time and fully biodegradable materials.To extend the effective service time,we need to supplement the lost electric charge of the electret layer of face masks,for which task we propose to use the piezoelectric effect and generate electricity from breathing motions.However,existing piezoelectric materials are either toxic,impermeable,rigid,costly,or non-degradable.We synthesize a fully biodegradable piezoelectric membrane composed of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and glycine(GLY)via the electrospinning process.Parameters are accurately controlled to ensure that glycine crystallizes into a highly piezoelectricβphase during electrospinning and enables piezoelectric responses of the filter membrane.Tested with the standard 0.3μm particles,face masks made of the PVA-GLY membrane show an outstanding filtration efficiency of 97%,which remains stable over at least 10 h of high-concentration continuous filtration.Furthermore,we demonstrated the biodegradability of PVA-GLY masks,which can degrade completely within a few weeks,compared to commonly used surgical masks requiring over thirty years to be decomposed.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFB4700701National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:52025054。
文摘Virtual reality(VR)technology revitalises rehabilitation training by creating rich,interactive virtual rehabilitation scenes and tasks that deeply engage patients.Robotics with immersive VR environments have the potential to significantly enhance the sense of immersion for patients during training.This paper proposes a rehabilitation robot system.The system integrates a VR environment,the exoskeleton entity,and research on rehabilitation assessment metrics derived from surface electromyographic signal(sEMG).Employing more realistic and engaging virtual stimuli,this method guides patients to actively participate,thereby enhancing the effectiveness of neural connection reconstruction—an essential aspect of rehabilitation.Furthermore,this study introduces a muscle activation model that merges linear and non-linear states of muscle,avoiding the impact of non-linear shape factors on model accuracy present in traditional models.A muscle strength assessment model based on optimised generalised regression(WOAGRNN)is also proposed,with a root mean square error of 0.017,347 and a mean absolute percentage error of 1.2461%,serving as critical assessment indicators for the effectiveness of rehabilitation.Finally,the system is preliminarily applied in human movement experiments,validating the practicality and potential effectiveness of VRcentred rehabilitation strategies in medical recovery.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.52025022)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62574038,12474421,62275045,and 12074060)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3610200)the Fund from Jilin Province(Grant Nos.JJKH20241413KJ and 20240601049RC)。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs),endowed with exceptional light-matter interaction strength,have become a pivotal platform in advanced optoelectronics,enabling atomically precise control of excitonic phenomena and offering transformative potential for engineering next-generation optoelectronic devices.In contrast to the narrowband absorption characteristics of conventional band-edge excitons,which are limited by the bandgap energy,highenergy excitons not only demonstrate broad momentum matching capability in the ultraviolet regime due to band nesting effects,but also exhibit distinct absorption peak signatures owing to robust excitonic stabilization under 2D confinement.These unique photophysical properties have established such systems as a prominent research frontier in contemporary exciton physics.This review primarily outlines the distinctive physical characteristics of high-energy excitons in TMDs from the perspectives of band structure,excitonic characteristics,and optical properties.Subsequently,we systematically delineate cutting-edge developments in TMD-based photonic devices exploiting high-energy excitonic band-nesting phenomena,with dedicated emphasis on the strategic engineering of nanoscale heterostructures for tailored optoelectronic functionality.Finally,the discussion concludes with an examination of the challenges associated with the design of high-energy exciton devices and their potential future applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371765)International Cooperation Project(40-16)Zhejiang Province Key Science and Technology Innovation Team Project(2010R50028)
文摘The effects of lanthanum on growth, soluble sugar content, essential oil contents and quality were studied in lavender plant（Lavandula Angustifolia Mill, Variety 701） under osmotic stress by means of PEG-6000 solution. The results show that osmotic stress could reduce the growth rate of lavender, and increase the content of SSC（soluble sugar concentration） to some extent. Compared with control group,the contents of essential oil in flowers and leaves respectively increase by 45.6% and 48.3% in the osmotic stress group induced by 15% PEG-6000. However, the presence of lanthanum can make the contents of essential oil in the flowers and leaves of stressed lavender plants enhance by 19.4% and 18.6%, respectively. Under osmotic stress, the relative contents of four kinds of lavender essential oil compositions of camphor, linalool, linalyl acetate and lavandulol acetate in the lavender flowers were successively 22.63%,0.61%,25.46%,7.03%,and 20.17%,0.62%,20.72%,10.80%,respectively in the presence and absence of lanthanum. The contents of all four main components of lavender essential oils meet the requirements of the national standard under osmotic stress in the presence of lanthanum. However, in the absence of lanthanum, the contents of linalyl acetate and lavandulol acetate does not meet the requirements of the national standard under osmotic stress. Moreover, the contents of five components of borneol, camphor,eudesmol, caryophyllene oxide and bicyclic sesquiphellandrene from the essential oil of lavender leaves are 12.89%, 3.84%, 8.76%, 11.30% and 8.10%, respectively. The total content of above five components accounts for 44.89% of the essential oil of the lavender leaves. Particularly, the borneol content in leaf essential oil is up to 12.89%. It is 125.2 times the amount of borneol in the flower essential oil. In conclusion, the suitable concentration of lanthanum can improve the adaptability of lavender plants, and heighten the content and quality of lavender essential oil to some extent under osmotic stress.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U21B6002 and 52025054)。
文摘Autonomous aerial refueling technology is gaining increasing attention to enhance aircraft combat capabilities.Current research on autonomous refueling focuses mainly on flight control laws,with little attention to the automation of refueling pipes.This leads to high demands on control law performance and navigation accuracy,making it difficult to ensure reliability.To address this,we propose a robotic arm system capable of automatic docking during the flexible aerial refueling process.The system uses a conical kinematic space configuration,offering enhanced stability and impact resistance.The frame-type structure achieves a lightweight design.Additionally,we establish a single-objective optimization model for the connecting rod dimensions and apply a genetic algorithm(GA)for their optimization.We also propose a trajectory-fitting calibration theory based on the robotic arm's special configuration and complete its movement accuracy calibration using a laser tracker.This calibration method reduces the robotic arm's motion error by 71%,achieving an absolute positioning accuracy better than 3.5 mm,which meets the requirements for autonomous aerial refueling.In summary,this research presents a hybrid robotic arm that meets automatic docking requirements,offering a new approach to autonomous aerial refueling.
基金Zhejiang University Startup PackageZhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:LZ23H180003+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/AwardNumbers:32471375,22205201National Center of Technology Innovation for Biopharmaceuticals,Grant/Award Number:NCTIB2022HS01013National Natural Science Fund for Excellent Young Scientists Fund Program。
文摘mRNA therapeutics have significantly evolved within the life sciences,particularly in applications such as vaccines,tumor immunotherapy,protein replacement,gene editing,and monoclonal antibody therapy.To fully realize the potential of mRNA drugs and mitigate the adverse effects,substantial vector materials have been developed for delivery of these pharmaceutical agents.Lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)represent the most clinically advanced mRNA carriers,recognized by U.S.Food and Drug Administration approved mRNA vaccines and numerous clinical trials.Diverse therapeutic applications necessitate tailored design of LNPs.Herein,we outline the principles of LNP design for mRNA delivery,focusing specifically on their effectiveness,targeting capabilities,safety profiles,and nanoparticle stability.Additionally,we present the latest advancements in mRNA-LNP technology.This review aims to elucidate the benefits and design principles of LNP delivery systems for mRNA therapeutics,providing insights into breakthroughs and innovative ideas for further enhancing these advantages.These summaries are dedicated to promoting the broader applications of LNP-mRNA drugs,aiming to advance the treatment of serious diseases in an effective and safe manner.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4700700)the Dalian Deng Feng Program:key medical specialties in construction funded by the People's Government of Dalian Municipality,China([2021]243)the Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(2023JH2/101300102).
文摘Surgical image segmentation serves as the foundation for laparoscopic surgical navigation technol-ogy.The indistinct local features of biological tissues in laparoscopic image pose challenges for image segmentation.To address this issue,we develop an image segmentation network tailored for laparoscopic surgery.Firstly,we introduce the Mixed Attention Enhancement(MAE)module that sequentially conducts the Channel Attention Enhancement(CAE)module and the Global Feature Enhancement(GFE)module linked in series.The CAE module enhances the network's perception of prominent channels,allowing feature maps to exhibit clear local features.The GFE module is capable of extracting global features from both the height and width dimensions of images and integrating them into three-dimensional features.This enhancement improves the network's ability to capture global features,thereby facilitating the inference of regions with indistinct local features.Secondly,we propose the Multi-scale Feature Fusion(MFF)module.This module expands the feature map into various scales,further enlarging the network's receptive field and enhancing perception of features at multiple scales.In addition,we tested the proposed network on the EndoVis 2018 and a human minimally invasive liver resection image segmentation dataset,comparing it against six other advanced image segmentation networks.The comparative test results demonstrate that the proposed network achieves the most advanced performance on both datasets,proving its potential in improving surgical image segmentation outcome.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(D5000240290)National Key Basic Research Program(NKBRP-25115X002)+2 种基金Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province(2024GXYBXM-080)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62401464)Sustainably Supported Foundation by the National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Microwave(HTKJ2024KL504003)。
文摘A new method,to our knowledge,in designing a metasurface with wideband and angularly stable radar cross section(RCS)reduction based on the coupling effect of orbital angular momentum(OAM)and focal shift(FS)is proposed.Through the analytical discussion of both an ideal scattering model and a practical array model,it is found that the effect of OAM-FS coupling can control the scattering wavefronts efficiently with an optimal arrangement in backward field and‘homogenization'reflected field,indicating RCS reduction in both monostatic and bistatic directions.To verify this method,by combining three phases(geometric phase,gradient phase,and divergent phase),the OAM-FS coupling metasurface is designed and its performance in RCS reduction is tested in simulation and experimentally.The unit cell of the metasurface,constructed with arcs and lines,can provide arbitrary phase compensation and polarization conversion performance within a fractional bandwidth of115.4%.Our results show that the proposed metasurface achieves a 10 d B reduction in both monostatic and bistatic RCSs over 8–32 GHz and has angular stability under 0°-30°oblique incidence of plane waves,and the measured results are in good agreement with the simulations.Our findings not only reveal a coupling effect in scattering waves of metasurfaces,but also offer a new perspective in manipulation of reflection and RCS reduction,which has potential applications in stealth technology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51573129)Science Foundation Ireland Principal Investigator Award(13/IA/1962)+1 种基金Investigator Award(12/IP/1688)Health Research Board(HRA-POR-2013-412)
文摘The conventional free radical polymerization(FRP) of multivinyl monomers(MVMs) inevitably leads to gelation even at low monomer conversion resulting in difficulties to control and monitor the reaction process. Flory and Stockmayer(F-S theory)studied it based on two fundamental assumptions:(1) independent and equivalent vinyl groups;(2) no intramolecular cyclization.However, until now its applicability to FRP of MVMs(especially regarding the extent of intramolecular cyclization) is still controversial. In this paper, Monte Carlo simulations are used to study FRP of divinyl monomers by two kinetic models:with/without cyclization models. The results of the simulations are compared with the calculated gel points based on F-S theory and the experimental data. It is found that the intramolecular cyclization has a negligible impact on the polymerization process and the gel point before gelation, which are in agreement with the prediction by F-S theory, but the effect becomes significant above the gel points.
基金Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2021B002 and CI2021A00501).
文摘The differences between traditional Chinese medicine clinical terminological system(TCMCTS)and systematized nomenclature of medicine-clinical terms are analyzed.The principles,first-level hierarchy,concept-defined method,and future application of TCMCTS based on ISO 19465:2017 are also introduced.TCMCTS fully covers the concepts of traditional Chinese medicine clinical terms and the logical expression of these concepts,provides the basis for semantic retrieval,knowledge,and reasoning,contributes to traditional Chinese medicine clinical data cleaning,standardization,and structured storage,and promotes the sharing and utilization of clinical data.
