<span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In this paper, it was introduced that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;&...<span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In this paper, it was introduced that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is a traditional dual-</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">use edible and medicine crops in China, and the nutritional components and medicinal value of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were described. Based on the published literature at home and abroad, a variety of chemical components found in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and their medicinal effects were reviewed. At the same time,</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the problems existing in the production of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were put forward. With the improvement of people’s living standards, the nutritional and health care value of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> has been paid more and more attention.</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The problems of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in production were analyzed.</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Some biological characteristics of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, especially its hygrophyte characteristics, were re-recognized, which is very important to increase the yield of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. In the paper, the key cultivation techniques for high and stable yield of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were also summarized. In order to obtain high quality, high and stable yield, we should adopt the new technical methods of “two wet, two dry and two water” in water management. At </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">same time, if artificial pollination is applied in the peak of flowering period, the seed setting rate and the yield will be increased.</span>展开更多
Organic solid and liquid wastes contain large amounts of energy, nutrients, and water, and should not be perceived as merely waste. Recycling, composting, and combustion of non-recyclables have been practiced for deca...Organic solid and liquid wastes contain large amounts of energy, nutrients, and water, and should not be perceived as merely waste. Recycling, composting, and combustion of non-recyclables have been practiced for decades to capture the energy and values from municipal solid wastes. Treatment and disposal have been the primary management strategy for wastewater. As new technologies are emerging, alternative options for the utilization of both solid wastes and wastewater have become available. Considering the complexity of the chemical, physical, and biological properties of these wastes, multiple technologies may be required to maximize the energy and value recovery from the wastes. For this purpose, biorefin- ing tends to be an appropriate approach to completely utilize the energy and value available in wastes. Research has demonstrated that non-recyclable waste materials and bio-solids can be converted into usable heat, electricity, fuel, and chemicals through a variety of processes, and the liquid waste streams have the potential to support crop and algae growth and provide other energy recovery and food production options. In this paper, we propose new biorefining schemes aimed at organic solid and liquid wastes from municipal sources, food and biological processing plants, and animal production facilities. Four new breakthrough technologies-namely, vacuum-assisted thermophilic anaerobic digestion, extended aquaponics, oily wastes to biodiesel via glycerolysis, and microwave-assisted thermochemical conversion-can be incorporated into the biorefining schemes, thereby enabling the complete utilization of those wastes for the production of chemicals, fertilizer, energy （biogas, syngas, biodiesel, and bio-oil）, foods, and feeds, and resulting in clean water and a significant reduction in pollutant emissions.展开更多
This paper introduced the advantages of planting sprout vegetables in family rooms,expounded assembly principle of indoor cultivating device and the key techniques for indoor cultivating sprout vegetables in families....This paper introduced the advantages of planting sprout vegetables in family rooms,expounded assembly principle of indoor cultivating device and the key techniques for indoor cultivating sprout vegetables in families.In the experiment,we assembled a set of indoor cultivating device for sprout vegetables,and summarized the indoor cultivating techniques of sprout vegetables in families.The indoor planting device was suitable for family members to cultivate sprout vegetables in the living rooms,kitchen,balcony and other corner space by using their spare time.It could not only provide high-quality vegetables for families,but also beautify the indoor environments of family rooms,and increase the oxygen content in rooms.This set of indoor cultivating device and techniques was suitable for planting various sprout vegetables(e.g.radish seedling,water spinach seedling,pea seedling,pine willow seedling,sunflower seedling and various bean seedlings,etc.).This is a set of high-efficient spatial planting technique in families,and also an effective way to increase organic vegetable supply for family.展开更多
This study proposes an improved semi-analytical approach for contact stiffness modeling of bolted joints in a machine tool system.First,nonlinear contact stress distribution within a single-bolted joint is obtained fr...This study proposes an improved semi-analytical approach for contact stiffness modeling of bolted joints in a machine tool system.First,nonlinear contact stress distribution within a single-bolted joint is obtained from the simulation results of finite element analysis software.Second,employing the Hertz contact theory and fractal theory,the contact stiffness model of a single asperity is formulated,affording analytical expressions for normal and tangential contact stiffnesses of a single-bolted joint by integrating multi-asperities in the contact area.Subsequently,considering two test specimens as illustrations,the mode shapes and natural frequencies of the proposed model and modal analysis tests are compared,and the influence of coupling effects between two adjacent bolts is illustrated.The maximum error in the natural frequencies of the proposed approach is<2.73%relative to the experimental results.Finally,the measurements of frequency response functions on a box-in-box precision horizontal machine tool are conducted to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model.The proposed model is highly efficient in revealing the influence of microcontact factors on the contact stiffness of bolted joints and in guiding the optimal functional design of bolt arrangements under the framework of virtual machine tools.展开更多
Inspired by the microstructures found in animal cilia,we have developed,to our knowledge,a novel microcontact force sensing unit utilizing a fiber Bragg grating(FBG)as the fundamental platform.Employing polydimethylsi...Inspired by the microstructures found in animal cilia,we have developed,to our knowledge,a novel microcontact force sensing unit utilizing a fiber Bragg grating(FBG)as the fundamental platform.Employing polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)as the biomimetic material,we have fabricated cilia-like structures onto the grating substrate.These structures enable precise detection of micro-contact forces through induced shifts in the gratings’wavelength.This integration leads to a comprehensive micro-sensing system,combining fiber optic Bragg gratings and biomimetic cilia,facilitating precise micro-contact force measurements.Additionally,our system showcases versatile functionalities including Morse code input and Braille recognition,underscoring its multifunctional utility,thus heralding new frontiers in applications such as intelligent AI recognition,assistance for the visually impaired,and meticulous surface analysis.展开更多
It is meaningful to develop a high-performance optic bending sensor characterized by effective direction judgment, compact length, and high sensitivity. In this Letter, a compact Mach–Zehnder interferometer(MZI) fibe...It is meaningful to develop a high-performance optic bending sensor characterized by effective direction judgment, compact length, and high sensitivity. In this Letter, a compact Mach–Zehnder interferometer(MZI) fiber sensor for vector bending measurement is proposed and investigated. This sensor is prepared by off-axis splicing seven-core fibers(SCFs) and multi-mode fibers(MMFs) with different core diameters, which achieves a compact sensing length of 8 mm. The chirped core fiber structure excites the high-order cladding mode in the interference component, which enhances the sensing sensitivity. Experimental results indicate that the maximum bending sensitivity of the sensor is-230 nm/m^(-1). Moreover,the three bending directions of the sensor can be distinguished by judging the variations of the two interference dips during the measuring process. The proposed method and thought can provide some operating experience and principles for the allfiber curvature sensor design.展开更多
We propose and investigate a compact optical fiber sensor that aims to measure the torsion in both amount and direction with high sensitivity.This sensor is configured by a triangular-prism-shaped long-period fiber gr...We propose and investigate a compact optical fiber sensor that aims to measure the torsion in both amount and direction with high sensitivity.This sensor is configured by a triangular-prism-shaped long-period fiber grating,which is fabricated by the high frequency CO_(2) laser polished method.The unique design of the triangular-shaped structure breaks the rotational symmetry of the optical fiber and provides high sensitivity for torsion measurement.In preliminary experiments,the torsion response of the sensor achieves a good stability and linearity.The torsion sensitivity is 0.54 nm/(rad/m),which renders the proposed structure a highly sensitive torsion sensor.展开更多
A novel phase-shifted long-period fiber grating(PS-LPFG)for the simultaneous measurement of torsion and temperature is described and experimentally demonstrated.The PS-LPFG is fabricated by inserting a pretwisted stru...A novel phase-shifted long-period fiber grating(PS-LPFG)for the simultaneous measurement of torsion and temperature is described and experimentally demonstrated.The PS-LPFG is fabricated by inserting a pretwisted structure into the long-period fiber grating(LPFG)written in single-mode fiber(SMF).Experimental results show that the torsion sensitivities of the two dips are?0.114 nm/(rad/m)and?0.069 nm/(rad/m)in the clockwise direction,and?0.087 nm/(rad/m)and?0.048 nm/(rad/m)in the counterclockwise direction,respectively.The temperature sensitivities of the two dips are 0.057 nm/℃ and 0.051 nm/℃,respectively.The two dips of the PS-LPFG exhibit different responses to torsion and temperature.Simultaneous measurement of torsion and temperature can be implemented using a sensor.The feasibility and stabilization of simultaneous torsion and temperature measurement have been confirmed,and hence this novel PS-LPFG demonstrates potential for fiber sensing and engineering applications.展开更多
In this paper,a novel liquid level sensor with ultra-high sensitivity is proposed.The proposed sensor is configured by a sliceshaped composite long period fiber grating(SSC-LPFG).The SSC-LPFG is prepared by polishing ...In this paper,a novel liquid level sensor with ultra-high sensitivity is proposed.The proposed sensor is configured by a sliceshaped composite long period fiber grating(SSC-LPFG).The SSC-LPFG is prepared by polishing two opposite sides of a composite multimode-single-mode-multimode fiber structure using a CO;laser.The method improves the sensitivity of the sensor to external environment.Based on the simulation calculation,a liquid level sensor with a length of 3 mm is designed.The experimental transmission spectrum agrees well with the simulation result.The experimental results show that the sensitivity reaches 7080 pm/mm in the liquid level range of 0-1400 μm in water.The temperature sensitivity is24.52 pm/℃ in the range of 20℃-90℃.Due to the ultra-high sensitivity,good linearity,and compact structure,the SSC-LPFG has potential application in the field of high-Drecision liquid level measurement.展开更多
A Hardware Testbed(HTB)is developed for accurate and flexible emulation and testing of electrical power system and their control,measurement,and protection systems.In the HTB,modular and programmable power electronics...A Hardware Testbed(HTB)is developed for accurate and flexible emulation and testing of electrical power system and their control,measurement,and protection systems.In the HTB,modular and programmable power electronics converters are used to mimic the static and dynamic characteristics of electrical power components.This paper overviews the development,integration,and application of the HTB,covering emulation principle,hardware and software configuration,and example results of power system research using the HTB.The advantages of the HTB,compared with real-time digital simulation and downscaled hardware-based testing platform are discussed.展开更多
文摘<span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In this paper, it was introduced that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is a traditional dual-</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">use edible and medicine crops in China, and the nutritional components and medicinal value of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were described. Based on the published literature at home and abroad, a variety of chemical components found in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and their medicinal effects were reviewed. At the same time,</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the problems existing in the production of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were put forward. With the improvement of people’s living standards, the nutritional and health care value of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> has been paid more and more attention.</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The problems of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in production were analyzed.</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Some biological characteristics of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, especially its hygrophyte characteristics, were re-recognized, which is very important to increase the yield of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. In the paper, the key cultivation techniques for high and stable yield of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Coix lacryma-jobi</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were also summarized. In order to obtain high quality, high and stable yield, we should adopt the new technical methods of “two wet, two dry and two water” in water management. At </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">same time, if artificial pollination is applied in the peak of flowering period, the seed setting rate and the yield will be increased.</span>
基金Department of Transport/Sun GrantUS Department of Agriculture/ Department of Energy+4 种基金Minnesota Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota ResourcesMetropolitan Council Environmental ServicesUniversity of Minnesota MNDrive programsUniversity of Minnesota Center for BiorefiningChina Scholarship Council (CSC) for their financial support for this work
文摘Organic solid and liquid wastes contain large amounts of energy, nutrients, and water, and should not be perceived as merely waste. Recycling, composting, and combustion of non-recyclables have been practiced for decades to capture the energy and values from municipal solid wastes. Treatment and disposal have been the primary management strategy for wastewater. As new technologies are emerging, alternative options for the utilization of both solid wastes and wastewater have become available. Considering the complexity of the chemical, physical, and biological properties of these wastes, multiple technologies may be required to maximize the energy and value recovery from the wastes. For this purpose, biorefin- ing tends to be an appropriate approach to completely utilize the energy and value available in wastes. Research has demonstrated that non-recyclable waste materials and bio-solids can be converted into usable heat, electricity, fuel, and chemicals through a variety of processes, and the liquid waste streams have the potential to support crop and algae growth and provide other energy recovery and food production options. In this paper, we propose new biorefining schemes aimed at organic solid and liquid wastes from municipal sources, food and biological processing plants, and animal production facilities. Four new breakthrough technologies-namely, vacuum-assisted thermophilic anaerobic digestion, extended aquaponics, oily wastes to biodiesel via glycerolysis, and microwave-assisted thermochemical conversion-can be incorporated into the biorefining schemes, thereby enabling the complete utilization of those wastes for the production of chemicals, fertilizer, energy （biogas, syngas, biodiesel, and bio-oil）, foods, and feeds, and resulting in clean water and a significant reduction in pollutant emissions.
基金the Doctoral Fund Project of Binzhou Vocational College in 2020(2020yjkt02)Modern Agronomic Skill Master Studio of Binzhou and Circular Agriculture Master Studio of Binzhou Vocational College.
文摘This paper introduced the advantages of planting sprout vegetables in family rooms,expounded assembly principle of indoor cultivating device and the key techniques for indoor cultivating sprout vegetables in families.In the experiment,we assembled a set of indoor cultivating device for sprout vegetables,and summarized the indoor cultivating techniques of sprout vegetables in families.The indoor planting device was suitable for family members to cultivate sprout vegetables in the living rooms,kitchen,balcony and other corner space by using their spare time.It could not only provide high-quality vegetables for families,but also beautify the indoor environments of family rooms,and increase the oxygen content in rooms.This set of indoor cultivating device and techniques was suitable for planting various sprout vegetables(e.g.radish seedling,water spinach seedling,pea seedling,pine willow seedling,sunflower seedling and various bean seedlings,etc.).This is a set of high-efficient spatial planting technique in families,and also an effective way to increase organic vegetable supply for family.
基金This work is partially funded by the EU Grant H2020-RISE-ECSASDPE(734272)and the China Scholarship Council(201908060118)。
文摘This study proposes an improved semi-analytical approach for contact stiffness modeling of bolted joints in a machine tool system.First,nonlinear contact stress distribution within a single-bolted joint is obtained from the simulation results of finite element analysis software.Second,employing the Hertz contact theory and fractal theory,the contact stiffness model of a single asperity is formulated,affording analytical expressions for normal and tangential contact stiffnesses of a single-bolted joint by integrating multi-asperities in the contact area.Subsequently,considering two test specimens as illustrations,the mode shapes and natural frequencies of the proposed model and modal analysis tests are compared,and the influence of coupling effects between two adjacent bolts is illustrated.The maximum error in the natural frequencies of the proposed approach is<2.73%relative to the experimental results.Finally,the measurements of frequency response functions on a box-in-box precision horizontal machine tool are conducted to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model.The proposed model is highly efficient in revealing the influence of microcontact factors on the contact stiffness of bolted joints and in guiding the optimal functional design of bolt arrangements under the framework of virtual machine tools.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3072024XX2502)Basic Research Support Program for Excellent Young Teachers in Heilongjiang Province(YQJH2023313)。
文摘Inspired by the microstructures found in animal cilia,we have developed,to our knowledge,a novel microcontact force sensing unit utilizing a fiber Bragg grating(FBG)as the fundamental platform.Employing polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)as the biomimetic material,we have fabricated cilia-like structures onto the grating substrate.These structures enable precise detection of micro-contact forces through induced shifts in the gratings’wavelength.This integration leads to a comprehensive micro-sensing system,combining fiber optic Bragg gratings and biomimetic cilia,facilitating precise micro-contact force measurements.Additionally,our system showcases versatile functionalities including Morse code input and Braille recognition,underscoring its multifunctional utility,thus heralding new frontiers in applications such as intelligent AI recognition,assistance for the visually impaired,and meticulous surface analysis.
基金supported by the Joint Research Fund in Astronomy under a cooperative agreement between the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) (No. U1831115)the Key Research and Development Plan of Heilongjiang Province (No. GA23A909)。
文摘It is meaningful to develop a high-performance optic bending sensor characterized by effective direction judgment, compact length, and high sensitivity. In this Letter, a compact Mach–Zehnder interferometer(MZI) fiber sensor for vector bending measurement is proposed and investigated. This sensor is prepared by off-axis splicing seven-core fibers(SCFs) and multi-mode fibers(MMFs) with different core diameters, which achieves a compact sensing length of 8 mm. The chirped core fiber structure excites the high-order cladding mode in the interference component, which enhances the sensing sensitivity. Experimental results indicate that the maximum bending sensitivity of the sensor is-230 nm/m^(-1). Moreover,the three bending directions of the sensor can be distinguished by judging the variations of the two interference dips during the measuring process. The proposed method and thought can provide some operating experience and principles for the allfiber curvature sensor design.
基金supported by the Joint Research Fund in Astronomy under cooperative agreement between the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)and Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(Nos.U1831115,U1631239,and U1931206)the Dean Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Wireless Broadband Communication and Signal Processing(No.GXKL06190106)the Key Projects of Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.ZD2019H003)。
文摘We propose and investigate a compact optical fiber sensor that aims to measure the torsion in both amount and direction with high sensitivity.This sensor is configured by a triangular-prism-shaped long-period fiber grating,which is fabricated by the high frequency CO_(2) laser polished method.The unique design of the triangular-shaped structure breaks the rotational symmetry of the optical fiber and provides high sensitivity for torsion measurement.In preliminary experiments,the torsion response of the sensor achieves a good stability and linearity.The torsion sensitivity is 0.54 nm/(rad/m),which renders the proposed structure a highly sensitive torsion sensor.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11527804)Joint Research Fund in Astronomy under cooperative agreement between the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)and Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(Nos.U1831115 and U1631239)+3 种基金Open Project of Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology,Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.CAS-KLAOT-KF201806)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities111 Project(No.B13015)the Harbin Engineering University.
文摘A novel phase-shifted long-period fiber grating(PS-LPFG)for the simultaneous measurement of torsion and temperature is described and experimentally demonstrated.The PS-LPFG is fabricated by inserting a pretwisted structure into the long-period fiber grating(LPFG)written in single-mode fiber(SMF).Experimental results show that the torsion sensitivities of the two dips are?0.114 nm/(rad/m)and?0.069 nm/(rad/m)in the clockwise direction,and?0.087 nm/(rad/m)and?0.048 nm/(rad/m)in the counterclockwise direction,respectively.The temperature sensitivities of the two dips are 0.057 nm/℃ and 0.051 nm/℃,respectively.The two dips of the PS-LPFG exhibit different responses to torsion and temperature.Simultaneous measurement of torsion and temperature can be implemented using a sensor.The feasibility and stabilization of simultaneous torsion and temperature measurement have been confirmed,and hence this novel PS-LPFG demonstrates potential for fiber sensing and engineering applications.
基金supported by the Joint Research Fund in Astronomy under cooperative agreement between the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) (Nos. U1831115, U2031132, U1931206, and U2031130)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (No. ZD2019H003)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities to the Harbin Engineering University
文摘In this paper,a novel liquid level sensor with ultra-high sensitivity is proposed.The proposed sensor is configured by a sliceshaped composite long period fiber grating(SSC-LPFG).The SSC-LPFG is prepared by polishing two opposite sides of a composite multimode-single-mode-multimode fiber structure using a CO;laser.The method improves the sensitivity of the sensor to external environment.Based on the simulation calculation,a liquid level sensor with a length of 3 mm is designed.The experimental transmission spectrum agrees well with the simulation result.The experimental results show that the sensitivity reaches 7080 pm/mm in the liquid level range of 0-1400 μm in water.The temperature sensitivity is24.52 pm/℃ in the range of 20℃-90℃.Due to the ultra-high sensitivity,good linearity,and compact structure,the SSC-LPFG has potential application in the field of high-Drecision liquid level measurement.
基金Supported primarily by the Engineering Research Center Program of the National Science Foundationthe Department of Energy under NSF Award Number EEC-1041877the CURENT Industry Partnership Program.
文摘A Hardware Testbed(HTB)is developed for accurate and flexible emulation and testing of electrical power system and their control,measurement,and protection systems.In the HTB,modular and programmable power electronics converters are used to mimic the static and dynamic characteristics of electrical power components.This paper overviews the development,integration,and application of the HTB,covering emulation principle,hardware and software configuration,and example results of power system research using the HTB.The advantages of the HTB,compared with real-time digital simulation and downscaled hardware-based testing platform are discussed.
