Devices supporting work in multi-physical environments present new challenges for material design.Due to the wavelength difference,waves from multi-field are difficult to modulate simultaneously,limiting the multi-fie...Devices supporting work in multi-physical environments present new challenges for material design.Due to the wavelength difference,waves from multi-field are difficult to modulate simultaneously,limiting the multi-field functions integration.Inspired by characteristic scale analysis,in this work,a devisable metasurface with characteristic scale compatibility is proposed.Under the reduced characteristic scale,waves in microwave,infrared,and acoustic fields can be modulated simultaneously,which can realize the multi-physics functions compatibility.In the microwave field,the far-field performance can be modulated by designing wavefront phase distribution.In the infrared field,the infrared radiation characteristic can be spatially modulated through noninvasive insetting of infrared devices in the microwave layer.In the acoustic field,the sound wave entering the metasurface can realize high-efficiency loss under the action of the Helmholtz cavity.To verify the design method,a functional sample is simulated and experimented.Three typical functions are effectively verified,which can realize 10 dB backward scattering reduction at 8-10 GHz,digital infrared camouflage with infrared emissivity modulation from 0.4 to 0.8 at 3-14μm,and sound absorptivity of more than 60%at 160-410 Hz,respectively.The comparable characteristic scale design method paves a new way for individually devisable metasurfaces in multi-physical field integration.展开更多
To adapt to the complex environment where low infrared emissivity and high infrared emissivity coexist,a radar stealth-infrared camouflage compatibility metasurface requires meta-atoms with customized infrared emissiv...To adapt to the complex environment where low infrared emissivity and high infrared emissivity coexist,a radar stealth-infrared camouflage compatibility metasurface requires meta-atoms with customized infrared emissivity.Generally,the infrared emissivity is determined by the occupation ratio.However,the high occupation ratio will interfere with the scattering reduction function due to the Lorentz resonance from the metal patch.To address the problem,a method for decoupling Lorentz resonance is proposed in this paper.By shifting the resonant frequency of the metal patch to a high frequency,the Lorentz resonance is suppressed in the frequency band of scattering reduction.To verify the method,a single functional layer metasurface with microwave scattering reduction and customized infrared emissivity is designed.The scattering reduction at 3.5–5.5 GHz is realized through the polarization conversion.Meanwhile,the infrared emissivity of the metasurface can be gradient-designed by changing the occupation ratios of the meta-atoms.Compared with the initial design,the improved metasurface expands the infrared emissivity range from 0.60–0.80 to 0.51–0.80,and the scattering reduction effect remains unchanged.The experimental results agree with the simulated results.The work enriches the infrared emissivity function,which can be applied to camouflage in complex spectrum backgrounds.展开更多
The high degree of freedom of multimechanism metasurfaces has greatly facilitated multifunction or even multiphysics design for practical applications.In this work,to achieve camouflages simultaneously in microwave,in...The high degree of freedom of multimechanism metasurfaces has greatly facilitated multifunction or even multiphysics design for practical applications.In this work,to achieve camouflages simultaneously in microwave,infrared,and optical regimes,we propose a multimechanism-empowered metasurface composed of four elemental indium-tin-oxide-based meta-atoms.Each meta-atom can modulate microwaves both in phase and magnitude through polarization conversion and resonance absorption,which can realize radar stealth at 8–14 GHz.The reflective amplitude is less than−10 dB.When the incident angle increases to 60°,the reflective amplitude is still less than−3 dB.The far-field scattering patterns of microwaves are modulated by destructive interferences of reflected waves,which results in diffusion-like scattering due to randomly distributed reflection phases on the metasurface.The superposition of microwave absorption and diffuse reflection enables broadband microwave scattering reduction of the metasurface.Meanwhile,the emissivity of four types of meta-atoms covers from 0.3–0.8 at 3–14μm due to delicately designed occupation ratios.The infrared radiation of the metasurface exhibits the characteristics of digital camouflage in infrared imaging.To demonstrate this method,prototypes were fabricated and measured.The measured results are consistent with the simulated ones.The angular stability in the microwave range within 0°–60°was also demonstrated.This work presents an approach to achieving multispectrum functions with integrated multimechanisms in a single functional metasurface layer and offers a new methodology for custom-designing infrared performance.Moreover,the simplicity of the structure offers significant cost control and large-scale fabrication advantages.展开更多
基金Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shaanxi Province(2024JC-YBMS-504)Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(2022YFB3806200)+1 种基金Shaanxi Key Science and Technology Innovation Team Project(2023-CX-TD-48)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62401614)。
文摘Devices supporting work in multi-physical environments present new challenges for material design.Due to the wavelength difference,waves from multi-field are difficult to modulate simultaneously,limiting the multi-field functions integration.Inspired by characteristic scale analysis,in this work,a devisable metasurface with characteristic scale compatibility is proposed.Under the reduced characteristic scale,waves in microwave,infrared,and acoustic fields can be modulated simultaneously,which can realize the multi-physics functions compatibility.In the microwave field,the far-field performance can be modulated by designing wavefront phase distribution.In the infrared field,the infrared radiation characteristic can be spatially modulated through noninvasive insetting of infrared devices in the microwave layer.In the acoustic field,the sound wave entering the metasurface can realize high-efficiency loss under the action of the Helmholtz cavity.To verify the design method,a functional sample is simulated and experimented.Three typical functions are effectively verified,which can realize 10 dB backward scattering reduction at 8-10 GHz,digital infrared camouflage with infrared emissivity modulation from 0.4 to 0.8 at 3-14μm,and sound absorptivity of more than 60%at 160-410 Hz,respectively.The comparable characteristic scale design method paves a new way for individually devisable metasurfaces in multi-physical field integration.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3806200)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2024JC-YBMS-504,2024JC-YBQN-0617)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M744291)Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province(2023-CX-TD-48)。
文摘To adapt to the complex environment where low infrared emissivity and high infrared emissivity coexist,a radar stealth-infrared camouflage compatibility metasurface requires meta-atoms with customized infrared emissivity.Generally,the infrared emissivity is determined by the occupation ratio.However,the high occupation ratio will interfere with the scattering reduction function due to the Lorentz resonance from the metal patch.To address the problem,a method for decoupling Lorentz resonance is proposed in this paper.By shifting the resonant frequency of the metal patch to a high frequency,the Lorentz resonance is suppressed in the frequency band of scattering reduction.To verify the method,a single functional layer metasurface with microwave scattering reduction and customized infrared emissivity is designed.The scattering reduction at 3.5–5.5 GHz is realized through the polarization conversion.Meanwhile,the infrared emissivity of the metasurface can be gradient-designed by changing the occupation ratios of the meta-atoms.Compared with the initial design,the improved metasurface expands the infrared emissivity range from 0.60–0.80 to 0.51–0.80,and the scattering reduction effect remains unchanged.The experimental results agree with the simulated results.The work enriches the infrared emissivity function,which can be applied to camouflage in complex spectrum backgrounds.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3806200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62201609,62401614)+1 种基金Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2024JC-YBMS-504)Shaanxi Key Science and Technology Innovation Team Project(2023-CX-TD-48)。
文摘The high degree of freedom of multimechanism metasurfaces has greatly facilitated multifunction or even multiphysics design for practical applications.In this work,to achieve camouflages simultaneously in microwave,infrared,and optical regimes,we propose a multimechanism-empowered metasurface composed of four elemental indium-tin-oxide-based meta-atoms.Each meta-atom can modulate microwaves both in phase and magnitude through polarization conversion and resonance absorption,which can realize radar stealth at 8–14 GHz.The reflective amplitude is less than−10 dB.When the incident angle increases to 60°,the reflective amplitude is still less than−3 dB.The far-field scattering patterns of microwaves are modulated by destructive interferences of reflected waves,which results in diffusion-like scattering due to randomly distributed reflection phases on the metasurface.The superposition of microwave absorption and diffuse reflection enables broadband microwave scattering reduction of the metasurface.Meanwhile,the emissivity of four types of meta-atoms covers from 0.3–0.8 at 3–14μm due to delicately designed occupation ratios.The infrared radiation of the metasurface exhibits the characteristics of digital camouflage in infrared imaging.To demonstrate this method,prototypes were fabricated and measured.The measured results are consistent with the simulated ones.The angular stability in the microwave range within 0°–60°was also demonstrated.This work presents an approach to achieving multispectrum functions with integrated multimechanisms in a single functional metasurface layer and offers a new methodology for custom-designing infrared performance.Moreover,the simplicity of the structure offers significant cost control and large-scale fabrication advantages.
