The open-air fabrication of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)shows great potential for scalable manufacturing.However,the processing stability of QLED devices remains a fundamental barrier to their industrializ...The open-air fabrication of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)shows great potential for scalable manufacturing.However,the processing stability of QLED devices remains a fundamental barrier to their industrialization.This study investigates the gas-related stability of QLEDs based on the ZnMgO electron transport layer(ETL).By analyzing the current density–voltage(J–V)characteristics of QLEDs and the corresponding sub-devices of functional layers in different gas environments,we demonstrate that the ZnMgO ETL plays a critical role in determining the gas-related stability of QLEDs.Further characterizations and density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that gas-induced surface reactions—particularly modifications to surface states and the formation of stable ZnMgO/OH—are the primary causes of performance degradation of QLEDs.展开更多
Early diagnosis of diabetes is crucial,as diabetes,particularly type 2,can eventually lead to irreversible changes and complications.Conventional techniques,such as the Fasting Plasma Glucose(FPG)Test and Hemoglobin A...Early diagnosis of diabetes is crucial,as diabetes,particularly type 2,can eventually lead to irreversible changes and complications.Conventional techniques,such as the Fasting Plasma Glucose(FPG)Test and Hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)Test,measure blood glucose levels,which fluctuate over time and are insensitive to early stages.In this study,we focus on measuring the mechanical properties of red blood cells,as their irreversible changes can indicate early pathological impacts of diabetes.We developed a microfluidic chip with a symmetrical hyperbolic structure.By periodically altering the state of the valve membrane,we generate a reciprocating shear flow field that repeatedly acts on groups of RBCs.We then quantify the morphological parameters of the RBCs,establishing a correlation between the reciprocating shear flow field and the morphological changes of the cells.Using the developed microfluidic chip,we investigated the resistance of blood cells from 20 healthy volunteers to mechanical stimuli.The results indicated a significant correlation between the deformability of red blood cells and age,while no such correlation was found among individuals of the same gender.This study highlights the potential of utilizing the mechanical properties of red blood cells as an early diagnostic tool for diabetes.Furthermore,given the ease of integration of microfluidic chips,they present a promising high-throughput diagnostic solution for large-scale clinical screening.展开更多
Surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)is a rapid and nondestructive technique that is capable of detecting and identifying chemical or biological compounds.Sensitive SERS quantification is vital for practical applica...Surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)is a rapid and nondestructive technique that is capable of detecting and identifying chemical or biological compounds.Sensitive SERS quantification is vital for practical applications,particularly for portable detection of biomolecules such as amino acids and nucleotides.However,few approaches can achieve sensitive and quantitative Raman detection of these most fundamental components in biology.Herein,a noblemetal-free single-atom site on a chip strategy was applied to modify single tungsten atom oxide on a lead halide perovskite,which provides sensitive SERS quantification for various analytes,including rhodamine,tyrosine and cytosine.The single-atom site on a chip can enable quantitative linear SERS responses of rhodamine(10^(−6)-1 mmol L^(−1)),tyrosine(0.06-1 mmol L^(−1))and cytosine(0.2-45 mmol L^(−1)),respectively,which all achieve record-high enhancement factors among plasmonic-free semiconductors.The experimental test and theoretical simulation both reveal that the enhanced mechanism can be ascribed to the controllable single-atom site,which can not only trap photoinduced electrons from the perovskite substrate but also enhance the highly efficient and quantitative charge transfer to analytes.Furthermore,the label-free strategy of single-atom sites on a chip can be applied in a portable Raman platform to obtain a sensitivity similar to that on a benchtop instrument,which can be readily extended to various biomolecules for low-cost,widely demanded and more precise point-of-care testing or in-vitro detection.展开更多
Single-photon imaging provides high photon sensitivity and the capability to capture ultrafast dynamics.However,temporal cutoff characteristics in single-photon avalanche diode(SPAD)arrays arise from in-frame dead tim...Single-photon imaging provides high photon sensitivity and the capability to capture ultrafast dynamics.However,temporal cutoff characteristics in single-photon avalanche diode(SPAD)arrays arise from in-frame dead time caused by the avalanche process and inter-frame dead time caused by the readout circuit,limiting the achievable frame rate when exposure time is reduced.We first studied a physics-based temporal model that introduces in-frame and inter-frame dead time,and proposed two reconstruction strategies that achieve higher fidelity and temporal resolution.Then we designed a transformer network with temporal and spatial feature extractors,which achieved 2x temporal resolution,2x spatial resolution,and average peak signal-to-noise ratio improvement of 8.14 dB.We applied the technique to a series of observation experiments,including fan rotation,plasma discharge,and fluorescence quenching dynamics.These experiments validate the technique's state-of-the-art temporal and spatial super-resolution SPAD imaging performance.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A20683 and 62301033)from the Ministry of Science and High Education of Russian Federation(Project No.FSRZ-2023-0006).
文摘The open-air fabrication of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes(QLEDs)shows great potential for scalable manufacturing.However,the processing stability of QLED devices remains a fundamental barrier to their industrialization.This study investigates the gas-related stability of QLEDs based on the ZnMgO electron transport layer(ETL).By analyzing the current density–voltage(J–V)characteristics of QLEDs and the corresponding sub-devices of functional layers in different gas environments,we demonstrate that the ZnMgO ETL plays a critical role in determining the gas-related stability of QLEDs.Further characterizations and density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that gas-induced surface reactions—particularly modifications to surface states and the formation of stable ZnMgO/OH—are the primary causes of performance degradation of QLEDs.
基金the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(12432014)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2025YFE0107500)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51927804)Shaanxi Province Natural Science Basic Research Program Projects(2025JC-YBMS-028)Technology Innovation Guidance Program Fund of Shaanxi Province(2019CGHJ-09).
文摘Early diagnosis of diabetes is crucial,as diabetes,particularly type 2,can eventually lead to irreversible changes and complications.Conventional techniques,such as the Fasting Plasma Glucose(FPG)Test and Hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)Test,measure blood glucose levels,which fluctuate over time and are insensitive to early stages.In this study,we focus on measuring the mechanical properties of red blood cells,as their irreversible changes can indicate early pathological impacts of diabetes.We developed a microfluidic chip with a symmetrical hyperbolic structure.By periodically altering the state of the valve membrane,we generate a reciprocating shear flow field that repeatedly acts on groups of RBCs.We then quantify the morphological parameters of the RBCs,establishing a correlation between the reciprocating shear flow field and the morphological changes of the cells.Using the developed microfluidic chip,we investigated the resistance of blood cells from 20 healthy volunteers to mechanical stimuli.The results indicated a significant correlation between the deformability of red blood cells and age,while no such correlation was found among individuals of the same gender.This study highlights the potential of utilizing the mechanical properties of red blood cells as an early diagnostic tool for diabetes.Furthermore,given the ease of integration of microfluidic chips,they present a promising high-throughput diagnostic solution for large-scale clinical screening.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(Z180014)。
文摘Surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)is a rapid and nondestructive technique that is capable of detecting and identifying chemical or biological compounds.Sensitive SERS quantification is vital for practical applications,particularly for portable detection of biomolecules such as amino acids and nucleotides.However,few approaches can achieve sensitive and quantitative Raman detection of these most fundamental components in biology.Herein,a noblemetal-free single-atom site on a chip strategy was applied to modify single tungsten atom oxide on a lead halide perovskite,which provides sensitive SERS quantification for various analytes,including rhodamine,tyrosine and cytosine.The single-atom site on a chip can enable quantitative linear SERS responses of rhodamine(10^(−6)-1 mmol L^(−1)),tyrosine(0.06-1 mmol L^(−1))and cytosine(0.2-45 mmol L^(−1)),respectively,which all achieve record-high enhancement factors among plasmonic-free semiconductors.The experimental test and theoretical simulation both reveal that the enhanced mechanism can be ascribed to the controllable single-atom site,which can not only trap photoinduced electrons from the perovskite substrate but also enhance the highly efficient and quantitative charge transfer to analytes.Furthermore,the label-free strategy of single-atom sites on a chip can be applied in a portable Raman platform to obtain a sensitivity similar to that on a benchtop instrument,which can be readily extended to various biomolecules for low-cost,widely demanded and more precise point-of-care testing or in-vitro detection.
基金Scientific Research Innovation Capability Support Project for Young Faculty(ZYGXONJSKYCXNL ZCXM-I4)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62322502,62088101).
文摘Single-photon imaging provides high photon sensitivity and the capability to capture ultrafast dynamics.However,temporal cutoff characteristics in single-photon avalanche diode(SPAD)arrays arise from in-frame dead time caused by the avalanche process and inter-frame dead time caused by the readout circuit,limiting the achievable frame rate when exposure time is reduced.We first studied a physics-based temporal model that introduces in-frame and inter-frame dead time,and proposed two reconstruction strategies that achieve higher fidelity and temporal resolution.Then we designed a transformer network with temporal and spatial feature extractors,which achieved 2x temporal resolution,2x spatial resolution,and average peak signal-to-noise ratio improvement of 8.14 dB.We applied the technique to a series of observation experiments,including fan rotation,plasma discharge,and fluorescence quenching dynamics.These experiments validate the technique's state-of-the-art temporal and spatial super-resolution SPAD imaging performance.
