As cataract surgery progresses from “restoration of sight” to “refractive correction”, precise prediction of intraocular lens (IOL) power is critical for enhancing postoperative visual quality in patients. IOL pow...As cataract surgery progresses from “restoration of sight” to “refractive correction”, precise prediction of intraocular lens (IOL) power is critical for enhancing postoperative visual quality in patients. IOL power calculation methods have evolved and innovated throughout time, from early theoretical and regression formulas to nonlinear formulas for estimating effective lens position (ELP), multivariable formulas, and innovative formulas that use optical principles and AI-based online formulas. This paper thoroughly discusses the development and iteration of traditional IOL calculation formulas, the emergence of new IOL calculation formulas, and the selection of IOL calculation formulas for different patients in the era of refractive cataract surgery, serving as a reference for “personalized” IOL implantation in clinical practice.展开更多
Exosomes(Exos)are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells and serve as crucial mediators of intercellular communication.They play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases and offer promi...Exosomes(Exos)are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells and serve as crucial mediators of intercellular communication.They play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases and offer promising avenues for therapeutic interventions.Exos derived from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have significant immunomodulatory properties.They effectively regulate immune responses by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity.These Exos can inhibit excessive inflammatory responses and promote tissue repair.Moreover,they participate in antigen presentation,which is essential for activating immune responses.The cargo of these Exos,including ligands,proteins,and microRNAs,can suppress T cell activity or enhance the population of immunosuppressive cells to dampen the immune response.By inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation,acting on macrophages,and increasing the population of regulatory T cells,these Exos contribute to maintaining immune and metabolic homeostasis.Furthermore,they can activate immune-related signaling pathways or serve as vehicles to deliver microRNAs and other bioactive substances to target tumor cells,which holds potential for immunotherapy applications.Given the immense therapeutic potential of MSC-derived Exos,this review comprehensively explores their mechanisms of immune regulation and therapeutic applications in areas such as infection control,tumor suppression,and autoimmune disease management.This article aims to provide valuable insights into the mechanisms behind the actions of MSC-derived Exos,offering theoretical references for their future clinical utilization as cell-free drug preparations.展开更多
文摘As cataract surgery progresses from “restoration of sight” to “refractive correction”, precise prediction of intraocular lens (IOL) power is critical for enhancing postoperative visual quality in patients. IOL power calculation methods have evolved and innovated throughout time, from early theoretical and regression formulas to nonlinear formulas for estimating effective lens position (ELP), multivariable formulas, and innovative formulas that use optical principles and AI-based online formulas. This paper thoroughly discusses the development and iteration of traditional IOL calculation formulas, the emergence of new IOL calculation formulas, and the selection of IOL calculation formulas for different patients in the era of refractive cataract surgery, serving as a reference for “personalized” IOL implantation in clinical practice.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82072537the General Project of Hunan Natural Science Foundation,No.2022JJ30412 and No.2021JJ30464.
文摘Exosomes(Exos)are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells and serve as crucial mediators of intercellular communication.They play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases and offer promising avenues for therapeutic interventions.Exos derived from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have significant immunomodulatory properties.They effectively regulate immune responses by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity.These Exos can inhibit excessive inflammatory responses and promote tissue repair.Moreover,they participate in antigen presentation,which is essential for activating immune responses.The cargo of these Exos,including ligands,proteins,and microRNAs,can suppress T cell activity or enhance the population of immunosuppressive cells to dampen the immune response.By inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation,acting on macrophages,and increasing the population of regulatory T cells,these Exos contribute to maintaining immune and metabolic homeostasis.Furthermore,they can activate immune-related signaling pathways or serve as vehicles to deliver microRNAs and other bioactive substances to target tumor cells,which holds potential for immunotherapy applications.Given the immense therapeutic potential of MSC-derived Exos,this review comprehensively explores their mechanisms of immune regulation and therapeutic applications in areas such as infection control,tumor suppression,and autoimmune disease management.This article aims to provide valuable insights into the mechanisms behind the actions of MSC-derived Exos,offering theoretical references for their future clinical utilization as cell-free drug preparations.
