AIM: To investigate whether prophylactic abdominal drainage is necessary after pancreatic resection. METHODS: Pub Med, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched to obtain relevant articles ...AIM: To investigate whether prophylactic abdominal drainage is necessary after pancreatic resection. METHODS: Pub Med, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched to obtain relevant articles published before January 2014. Publications were retrieved if they met the selection criteria. The outcomes of interest included: mortality, morbidity, postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF), clinically relevant pancreatic fistula(CRPF), abdominal abscess, reoperation rate, the rate of interventional radiology drainage, and the length of hospital stay. Subgroup analyses were also performed for pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD) and for distal pancreatectomy. Begg's funnel plot and the Egger regression test were employed to assess potential publication bias.RESULTS: Nine eligible studies involving a total of 2794 patients were identified and included in this meta-analysis. Of the included patients, 1373 received prophylactic abdominal drainage. A fixedeffects model meta-analysis showed that placement of prophylactic drainage did not have beneficial effects on clinical outcomes, including morbidity, POPF, CRPF, reoperation, interventional radiology drainage, and length of hospital stay(Ps > 0.05). In addition, prophylactic drainage did not significantly increase the risk of abdominal abscess. Overall analysis showed that omitting prophylactic abdominal drainage resulted in higher mortality after pancreatectomy(OR = 1.56; 95%CI: 0.93-2.92). Subgroup analysis of PD showed similar results to those in the overall analysis. Elimination of prophylactic abdominal drainage after PD led to a significant increase in mortality(OR = 2.39; 95%CI: 1.22-4.69; P = 0.01).CONCLUSION: Prophylactic abdominal drainage after pancreatic resection is still necessary, though more evidence from randomized controlled trials assessing prophylactic drainage after PD and distal pancreatectomy are needed.展开更多
As an emerging field of study, granular computing has received much attention. Many models, frameworks, methods and techniques have been proposed and studied. It is perhaps the time to seek for a general and unified v...As an emerging field of study, granular computing has received much attention. Many models, frameworks, methods and techniques have been proposed and studied. It is perhaps the time to seek for a general and unified view so that fundamental issues can be examined and clarified.This paper examines granular computing from three perspectives.By viewing granular computing as a way of structured thinking,we focus on its philosophical foundations in modeling human perception of the reality.By viewing granular computing as a method of structured problem solving,we examine its theoretical and methodological foundations in solving a wide range of real-world problems.By viewing granular computing as a paradigm of information processing,we turn our attention to its more concrete techniques. The three perspectives together offer a holistic view of granular computing.展开更多
Applying Krasnosel'skii fixed point theorem of cone expansion-compression type, the existence of positive radial solutions for some second-order nonlinear elliptic equations in annular domains, subject to Dirichle...Applying Krasnosel'skii fixed point theorem of cone expansion-compression type, the existence of positive radial solutions for some second-order nonlinear elliptic equations in annular domains, subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions, is investigated. By considering the properties of nonlinear term on boundary closed intervals, several existence results of positive radial solutions are established. The main results are independent of superlinear growth and sublinear growth of nonlinear term. If nonlinear term has extreme values and satisfies suitable conditions, the main results are very effective.展开更多
First, two fault tolerant planning algorithms with avoidance of joint static torque limit or joint dynamic torque limit are proposed respectively. The former is suitable for the low-speed manipulators, and the latter ...First, two fault tolerant planning algorithms with avoidance of joint static torque limit or joint dynamic torque limit are proposed respectively. The former is suitable for the low-speed manipulators, and the latter is suitable for the high-speed manipulators. These algorithms not only can insure manipulation tasks to lie within the fault tolerant workspace but also can avoid joint torque limit, and hence can insure a redundant manipulator to be. fault tolerant in both kinematical sense and dynamic sense. Then, the simulation examples for a planar 3R manipulator demonstrate the validity of these algorithms.展开更多
By means of differentiation of remote sensing image, field seismo-geological survey, analysis on drilling explora- tion materials, sampling and dating of rock samples, combined with seismicity and microscopic tectoni...By means of differentiation of remote sensing image, field seismo-geological survey, analysis on drilling explora- tion materials, sampling and dating of rock samples, combined with seismicity and microscopic tectonic analysis, this paper studies the recent activity of Chihe segment of the Tanlu fault zone. The result indicates that the Chihe fault segment undergoes the deformation alternately in the mode of stick slip and creep during Late Quaternary, and its recent activity is mainly creep.展开更多
Summary: ISO9000 quality management system (ISO9000QMS) emphasize on the customer-oriented, managers' leadership and all staff's joining, adopt the process method and system management, spread the taking facts...Summary: ISO9000 quality management system (ISO9000QMS) emphasize on the customer-oriented, managers' leadership and all staff's joining, adopt the process method and system management, spread the taking facts as a basis to make decision and improve consistently, and establish win-win relation with the suppliers. So, the digital hospital can adopt the ISO9000QMS. In order to establish the ISO9000QMS, the digital hospital should: (1) Design integrally, including analyzing the operation procedure, clarifying the job duties, setting up the spreading team and setting the quality policy and objectives: (2) Learning the ISO9000 quality standards; (3) Drawing up the documents, including the quality manual, program files and operation guiding files; (4) Training according the documents; (5) Executing the quality standard, including the service quality auditing, quality record auditing and quality system auditing; (6) Improving continually. With the establishment of ISO900QMS, the digital hospital can appraise more accurately, analyze quality matters statistically and avoid the interference of artificial factors.展开更多
For multivariate statistical process quality control with individual observations, the usually recommended procedure is Hotelling's T2 control chart. Using the T2 statistic based on β distribution is an exact met...For multivariate statistical process quality control with individual observations, the usually recommended procedure is Hotelling's T2 control chart. Using the T2 statistic based on β distribution is an exact method for constructing multivariate control limits in low volume manufacturing, but it is not convenient in that the variation of sample size leads to a change in control limit. This paper presents an improved multivariate T2 control chart whose control limit does not change with sample size, which is especially useful when the sample size is small.展开更多
The existence and iteration of positive solution for classical Gelfand models are considered, where the coefficient of nonlinear term is allowed to change sign in [0, 1]. By using the monotone iterative technique, an ...The existence and iteration of positive solution for classical Gelfand models are considered, where the coefficient of nonlinear term is allowed to change sign in [0, 1]. By using the monotone iterative technique, an existence theorem of positive solution is obtained, corresponding iterative process and convergence rate are given. This iterative process starts off with zero function, hence the process is simple, feasible and effective.展开更多
The long suspicion of the potential harm of carbon dioxide （CO2） pneumoperitoneum exists in laparoscopic cancer surgery. For better understanding of this problem, we targeted this study at the effects of CO2 pneumop...The long suspicion of the potential harm of carbon dioxide （CO2） pneumoperitoneum exists in laparoscopic cancer surgery. For better understanding of this problem, we targeted this study at the effects of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the invasive ability of ovarian carcinoma cell line and the possible mechanism within it. To study the effects of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on carcinoma cell, SKOV3 cells were divided into 2 groups, respectively exposed to pneumoperitoneal CO2-insuffiation and normal conditions. To study the possible mechanism, SKOV3 cells were divided into 3 groups, one was exposed to CO2 pneumoperitoneum, one to N2 and the other to normal conditions served as control. The in vitro adhesive and invasive ability of the cells was analyzed through 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay and Boyden filters metastasis model; the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor C （VEGF-C） and matrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP9） were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）, and Western blot. We found that the adhesive ratio of SKOV3 cells exposed to CO2 was significantly higher than that of the control group; cells exposed to CO2 invaded the matrigel with a greater number （P〈0.01）; the expression of VEGF-C exposed to both CO2 and N2 was significantly increased compared with control group （P〈0.05）; the MMP9 expression level of CO2 group was higher than that of N2 group, P〈0.05. We concluded that carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum may improve the adhesive and invasive ability of ovarian carcinoma cell line in vitro and CO2 can also be an independent factor to stimulate the expression of MMP9.展开更多
On the basic theory of modal method, the coupling relation between the vibration of objects and external sound was analyzed, the theoretical model solving the vibration and noise was provided, the corresponding calcul...On the basic theory of modal method, the coupling relation between the vibration of objects and external sound was analyzed, the theoretical model solving the vibration and noise was provided, the corresponding calculation formula was given. The calculating results show out that this calculation formula is correct.展开更多
Based on the tests of eight kinds of typical fabrics, the relation between the drape coefficient of different fabrics and its revolving speed was analyzed and discussed. The result of regression curve fitting of exper...Based on the tests of eight kinds of typical fabrics, the relation between the drape coefficient of different fabrics and its revolving speed was analyzed and discussed. The result of regression curve fitting of experimental data showed that the relation between drape coefficient of fabric and its revolving speed could be expressed by negative exponential equation. Meanwhile, the difference of drape coefficients between static and dynamic at 100 ～ 150r.p.m was suggested to be one of the expressing parameters of the lively degree of fabric dynamic drape.展开更多
China's underwear market, concurrently with the transformation of China's fashion companies' structure performed in recent years, has attracted numerous underwear brands to share the large but limited mark...China's underwear market, concurrently with the transformation of China's fashion companies' structure performed in recent years, has attracted numerous underwear brands to share the large but limited market,especially after entering WTO. Confronting the sharp competition, how can the China's companies survive?The following study answers this urgent question by introducing one functioning pattern for international matured brands to spread in the China's market.展开更多
Ever since the low energy N + ion beam has been accepted, the mutations of ionizing radiation are attributable mainly to avoidance of DNA damages repair. Evidences based on in vivo proof results are limited. Using the...Ever since the low energy N + ion beam has been accepted, the mutations of ionizing radiation are attributable mainly to avoidance of DNA damages repair. Evidences based on in vivo proof results are limited. Using the E.coli wild type and mutator strains, the mutant frequencies suggest that base substitutions in rpoB gene are induced by the N + implantation. A highly conserved region is selected to get the direct evidence for base substitutions by sequence of the high fidelity PCR amplification products in mutants. Most of the mutants (90.9%, 40/44) have at least one base substitution in the amplification region. The evidences for CG to TA (55%, 22/40), AT to GC (20%, 8/40) and TA to CG (5%, 2/40) transitions are identified. The transversions are AT to TA (15%, 6/40) and GC to CG (5%, 2/40). It is suggested that DNA cytosine methylase might play an important role in mismatch repair of DNA damage induced by N + implantation by analysis of the mutant frequencies of mutator strains.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Scientific Foundation of China(No.81272645 and No.81072052 to Liu QG,and No.81301743 to Zheng X)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of High Education of China from Ministry of Education,(No.20120201120090 to Zheng X)
文摘AIM: To investigate whether prophylactic abdominal drainage is necessary after pancreatic resection. METHODS: Pub Med, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched to obtain relevant articles published before January 2014. Publications were retrieved if they met the selection criteria. The outcomes of interest included: mortality, morbidity, postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF), clinically relevant pancreatic fistula(CRPF), abdominal abscess, reoperation rate, the rate of interventional radiology drainage, and the length of hospital stay. Subgroup analyses were also performed for pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD) and for distal pancreatectomy. Begg's funnel plot and the Egger regression test were employed to assess potential publication bias.RESULTS: Nine eligible studies involving a total of 2794 patients were identified and included in this meta-analysis. Of the included patients, 1373 received prophylactic abdominal drainage. A fixedeffects model meta-analysis showed that placement of prophylactic drainage did not have beneficial effects on clinical outcomes, including morbidity, POPF, CRPF, reoperation, interventional radiology drainage, and length of hospital stay(Ps > 0.05). In addition, prophylactic drainage did not significantly increase the risk of abdominal abscess. Overall analysis showed that omitting prophylactic abdominal drainage resulted in higher mortality after pancreatectomy(OR = 1.56; 95%CI: 0.93-2.92). Subgroup analysis of PD showed similar results to those in the overall analysis. Elimination of prophylactic abdominal drainage after PD led to a significant increase in mortality(OR = 2.39; 95%CI: 1.22-4.69; P = 0.01).CONCLUSION: Prophylactic abdominal drainage after pancreatic resection is still necessary, though more evidence from randomized controlled trials assessing prophylactic drainage after PD and distal pancreatectomy are needed.
文摘As an emerging field of study, granular computing has received much attention. Many models, frameworks, methods and techniques have been proposed and studied. It is perhaps the time to seek for a general and unified view so that fundamental issues can be examined and clarified.This paper examines granular computing from three perspectives.By viewing granular computing as a way of structured thinking,we focus on its philosophical foundations in modeling human perception of the reality.By viewing granular computing as a method of structured problem solving,we examine its theoretical and methodological foundations in solving a wide range of real-world problems.By viewing granular computing as a paradigm of information processing,we turn our attention to its more concrete techniques. The three perspectives together offer a holistic view of granular computing.
文摘Applying Krasnosel'skii fixed point theorem of cone expansion-compression type, the existence of positive radial solutions for some second-order nonlinear elliptic equations in annular domains, subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions, is investigated. By considering the properties of nonlinear term on boundary closed intervals, several existence results of positive radial solutions are established. The main results are independent of superlinear growth and sublinear growth of nonlinear term. If nonlinear term has extreme values and satisfies suitable conditions, the main results are very effective.
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation Committee and the High Technology Research and Development Programme of China （No.2003AA404140）.
文摘First, two fault tolerant planning algorithms with avoidance of joint static torque limit or joint dynamic torque limit are proposed respectively. The former is suitable for the low-speed manipulators, and the latter is suitable for the high-speed manipulators. These algorithms not only can insure manipulation tasks to lie within the fault tolerant workspace but also can avoid joint torque limit, and hence can insure a redundant manipulator to be. fault tolerant in both kinematical sense and dynamic sense. Then, the simulation examples for a planar 3R manipulator demonstrate the validity of these algorithms.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (01045403) and Joint Seismological Science Foundation of China (102038).
文摘By means of differentiation of remote sensing image, field seismo-geological survey, analysis on drilling explora- tion materials, sampling and dating of rock samples, combined with seismicity and microscopic tectonic analysis, this paper studies the recent activity of Chihe segment of the Tanlu fault zone. The result indicates that the Chihe fault segment undergoes the deformation alternately in the mode of stick slip and creep during Late Quaternary, and its recent activity is mainly creep.
文摘Summary: ISO9000 quality management system (ISO9000QMS) emphasize on the customer-oriented, managers' leadership and all staff's joining, adopt the process method and system management, spread the taking facts as a basis to make decision and improve consistently, and establish win-win relation with the suppliers. So, the digital hospital can adopt the ISO9000QMS. In order to establish the ISO9000QMS, the digital hospital should: (1) Design integrally, including analyzing the operation procedure, clarifying the job duties, setting up the spreading team and setting the quality policy and objectives: (2) Learning the ISO9000 quality standards; (3) Drawing up the documents, including the quality manual, program files and operation guiding files; (4) Training according the documents; (5) Executing the quality standard, including the service quality auditing, quality record auditing and quality system auditing; (6) Improving continually. With the establishment of ISO900QMS, the digital hospital can appraise more accurately, analyze quality matters statistically and avoid the interference of artificial factors.
文摘For multivariate statistical process quality control with individual observations, the usually recommended procedure is Hotelling's T2 control chart. Using the T2 statistic based on β distribution is an exact method for constructing multivariate control limits in low volume manufacturing, but it is not convenient in that the variation of sample size leads to a change in control limit. This paper presents an improved multivariate T2 control chart whose control limit does not change with sample size, which is especially useful when the sample size is small.
文摘The existence and iteration of positive solution for classical Gelfand models are considered, where the coefficient of nonlinear term is allowed to change sign in [0, 1]. By using the monotone iterative technique, an existence theorem of positive solution is obtained, corresponding iterative process and convergence rate are given. This iterative process starts off with zero function, hence the process is simple, feasible and effective.
文摘The long suspicion of the potential harm of carbon dioxide （CO2） pneumoperitoneum exists in laparoscopic cancer surgery. For better understanding of this problem, we targeted this study at the effects of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the invasive ability of ovarian carcinoma cell line and the possible mechanism within it. To study the effects of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on carcinoma cell, SKOV3 cells were divided into 2 groups, respectively exposed to pneumoperitoneal CO2-insuffiation and normal conditions. To study the possible mechanism, SKOV3 cells were divided into 3 groups, one was exposed to CO2 pneumoperitoneum, one to N2 and the other to normal conditions served as control. The in vitro adhesive and invasive ability of the cells was analyzed through 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay and Boyden filters metastasis model; the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor C （VEGF-C） and matrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP9） were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）, and Western blot. We found that the adhesive ratio of SKOV3 cells exposed to CO2 was significantly higher than that of the control group; cells exposed to CO2 invaded the matrigel with a greater number （P〈0.01）; the expression of VEGF-C exposed to both CO2 and N2 was significantly increased compared with control group （P〈0.05）; the MMP9 expression level of CO2 group was higher than that of N2 group, P〈0.05. We concluded that carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum may improve the adhesive and invasive ability of ovarian carcinoma cell line in vitro and CO2 can also be an independent factor to stimulate the expression of MMP9.
文摘On the basic theory of modal method, the coupling relation between the vibration of objects and external sound was analyzed, the theoretical model solving the vibration and noise was provided, the corresponding calculation formula was given. The calculating results show out that this calculation formula is correct.
文摘Based on the tests of eight kinds of typical fabrics, the relation between the drape coefficient of different fabrics and its revolving speed was analyzed and discussed. The result of regression curve fitting of experimental data showed that the relation between drape coefficient of fabric and its revolving speed could be expressed by negative exponential equation. Meanwhile, the difference of drape coefficients between static and dynamic at 100 ～ 150r.p.m was suggested to be one of the expressing parameters of the lively degree of fabric dynamic drape.
文摘China's underwear market, concurrently with the transformation of China's fashion companies' structure performed in recent years, has attracted numerous underwear brands to share the large but limited market,especially after entering WTO. Confronting the sharp competition, how can the China's companies survive?The following study answers this urgent question by introducing one functioning pattern for international matured brands to spread in the China's market.
文摘Ever since the low energy N + ion beam has been accepted, the mutations of ionizing radiation are attributable mainly to avoidance of DNA damages repair. Evidences based on in vivo proof results are limited. Using the E.coli wild type and mutator strains, the mutant frequencies suggest that base substitutions in rpoB gene are induced by the N + implantation. A highly conserved region is selected to get the direct evidence for base substitutions by sequence of the high fidelity PCR amplification products in mutants. Most of the mutants (90.9%, 40/44) have at least one base substitution in the amplification region. The evidences for CG to TA (55%, 22/40), AT to GC (20%, 8/40) and TA to CG (5%, 2/40) transitions are identified. The transversions are AT to TA (15%, 6/40) and GC to CG (5%, 2/40). It is suggested that DNA cytosine methylase might play an important role in mismatch repair of DNA damage induced by N + implantation by analysis of the mutant frequencies of mutator strains.
