A new manufactured soil product (Turba) was produced using acidified bauxite residue into which 10% green waste compost had been incorporated. A laboratory/greenhouse experiment was carried out to determine if sand co...A new manufactured soil product (Turba) was produced using acidified bauxite residue into which 10% green waste compost had been incorporated. A laboratory/greenhouse experiment was carried out to determine if sand could be used as an ingredient or an amendment for Turba. Sand was added at rates of 0%, 5%, 10%, 25, 50% and 75% (w/w) in two different ways 1) by incorporating it into the Turba during its manufacture (IN) or 2) by mixing it with Turba aggregates after their manufacture (OUT). Incorporation of sand into Turba aggregates (IN) decreased the percentage of sample present as large aggregates (2 - 4 mm dia.) after crushing and sieving (<4 mm) and also reduced the stability of 2 - 4 mm dia. formed aggregates (to dry/wet sieving) and are therefore not recommended. In a 16-week greenhouse study, ryegrass shoot yields were greater in Turba than in sand [and decreased with increasing sand additions (OUT)] while root dry matter showed the opposite trend. The greater grass growth in Turba than sand was attributed to incipit water stress in plants grown in sand and this may have promoted greater allocation of assimilates to roots resulting in a greater root-to-top mass ratio. The much lower macroporosity in Turba coupled with the solid cemented nature of Turba aggregates resulted in production of thinner roots and therefore greater root length than in sand. Turba (manufactured from bauxite residue and compost added at 10% w/w) is a suitable medium for plant growth and there is no advantage in incorporating sand into, or with, the Turba aggregates.展开更多
Macrophages play an essential role in the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI),and the macrophage shifting from M1 to M2 phenotypes might be a potential strategy for the treatment of MIRI.It has been reported ...Macrophages play an essential role in the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI),and the macrophage shifting from M1 to M2 phenotypes might be a potential strategy for the treatment of MIRI.It has been reported that miR-182 plays an important role in MSC-Exo-associated macrophage polarization.As circBCRC-3 is a newly discovered circle RNA that worked as a sponge of miR-182,this research aimed to find if circBCRC-3 plays a role in MSC-Exo-associated macrophage polarization.Firstly,circBCRC-3 was identified by divergent primers in mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).Secondly,the exosome of MSCs was isolated and identified by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nanoparticle-tracking analysis,and western blotting analysis.The expression level of circBCRC-3 in MSCexos was detected by RT-PCR.Finally,the polarization of the RAW264.7 cell phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry.Moreover,we first identified circBCRC-3 in MSCs.The results further confirmed that MSCexo could effectively shift the macrophage polarization state from M1 towards the M2 phenotype,which indicated its role in MIRI cure.展开更多
文摘A new manufactured soil product (Turba) was produced using acidified bauxite residue into which 10% green waste compost had been incorporated. A laboratory/greenhouse experiment was carried out to determine if sand could be used as an ingredient or an amendment for Turba. Sand was added at rates of 0%, 5%, 10%, 25, 50% and 75% (w/w) in two different ways 1) by incorporating it into the Turba during its manufacture (IN) or 2) by mixing it with Turba aggregates after their manufacture (OUT). Incorporation of sand into Turba aggregates (IN) decreased the percentage of sample present as large aggregates (2 - 4 mm dia.) after crushing and sieving (<4 mm) and also reduced the stability of 2 - 4 mm dia. formed aggregates (to dry/wet sieving) and are therefore not recommended. In a 16-week greenhouse study, ryegrass shoot yields were greater in Turba than in sand [and decreased with increasing sand additions (OUT)] while root dry matter showed the opposite trend. The greater grass growth in Turba than sand was attributed to incipit water stress in plants grown in sand and this may have promoted greater allocation of assimilates to roots resulting in a greater root-to-top mass ratio. The much lower macroporosity in Turba coupled with the solid cemented nature of Turba aggregates resulted in production of thinner roots and therefore greater root length than in sand. Turba (manufactured from bauxite residue and compost added at 10% w/w) is a suitable medium for plant growth and there is no advantage in incorporating sand into, or with, the Turba aggregates.
文摘Macrophages play an essential role in the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI),and the macrophage shifting from M1 to M2 phenotypes might be a potential strategy for the treatment of MIRI.It has been reported that miR-182 plays an important role in MSC-Exo-associated macrophage polarization.As circBCRC-3 is a newly discovered circle RNA that worked as a sponge of miR-182,this research aimed to find if circBCRC-3 plays a role in MSC-Exo-associated macrophage polarization.Firstly,circBCRC-3 was identified by divergent primers in mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).Secondly,the exosome of MSCs was isolated and identified by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),nanoparticle-tracking analysis,and western blotting analysis.The expression level of circBCRC-3 in MSCexos was detected by RT-PCR.Finally,the polarization of the RAW264.7 cell phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry.Moreover,we first identified circBCRC-3 in MSCs.The results further confirmed that MSCexo could effectively shift the macrophage polarization state from M1 towards the M2 phenotype,which indicated its role in MIRI cure.
