Tactical Data Link(TDL)is a communication system that utilizes a particular message format and a protocol to transmit data via wireless channels in an instant,automatic,and secure way.So far,TDL has shown its excellen...Tactical Data Link(TDL)is a communication system that utilizes a particular message format and a protocol to transmit data via wireless channels in an instant,automatic,and secure way.So far,TDL has shown its excellence in military applications.Current TDL adopts a distributed architecture to enhance anti-destruction capacity.However,It still faces a problem of data inconsistency and thus cannot well support cooperation across multiple militarily domains.To tackle this problem,we propose to leverage blockchain to build an automatic and adaptive data transmission control scheme for TDL.It achieves automatic data transmission and realizes information consistency among different TDL entities.Besides,applying smart contracts based on blockchain further enables adjusting data transmission policies automatically.Security analysis and experimental results based on simulations illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed scheme.展开更多
Understanding the reinforcement effect of the newly developed prestressed reinforcement components(PRCs)(a system composed of prestressed steel bars(PSBs),protective sleeves,lateral pressure plates(LPPs),and anchoring...Understanding the reinforcement effect of the newly developed prestressed reinforcement components(PRCs)(a system composed of prestressed steel bars(PSBs),protective sleeves,lateral pressure plates(LPPs),and anchoring elements)is technically significant for the rational design of prestressed subgrade.A three-dimensional finite element model was established and verified based on a novel static model test and utilized to systematically analyze the influence of prestress levels and reinforcement modes on the reinforcement effect of the subgrade.The results show that the PRCs provide additional confining pressure to the subgrade through the diffusion effect of the prestress,which can therefore effectively improve the service performance of the subgrade.Compared to the unreinforced conventional subgrades,the settlements of prestressreinforced subgrades are reduced.The settlement attenuation rate(Rs)near the LPPs is larger than that at the subgrade center,and increasing the prestress positively contributes to the stability of the subgrade structure.In the multi-row reinforcement mode,the reinforcement effect of PRCs can extend from the reinforced area to the unreinforced area.In addition,as the horizontal distance from the LPPs increases,the additional confining pressure converted by the PSBs and LPPs gradually diminishes when spreading to the core load bearing area of the subgrade,resulting in a decrease in the Rs.Under the singlerow reinforcement mode,PRCs can be strategically arranged according to the local areas where subgrade defects readily occurred or observed,to obtain the desired reinforcement effect.Moreover,excessive prestress should not be applied near the subgrade shoulder line to avoid the shear failure of the subgrade shoulder.PRCs can be flexibly used for preventing and treating various subgrade defects of newly constructed or existing railway lines,achieving targeted and classified prevention,and effectively improving the bearing performance and deformation resistance of the subgrade.The research results are instructive for further elucidating the prestress reinforcement effect of PRCs on railway subgrades.展开更多
Photocatalytic conversion of chemical fuels has emerged as a most challenging subject in photocatalysis which is considered as one of the sustainable solutions for environmental issues related to the energy shortage a...Photocatalytic conversion of chemical fuels has emerged as a most challenging subject in photocatalysis which is considered as one of the sustainable solutions for environmental issues related to the energy shortage and anthropogenic carbon emissions.Herein,unique heterostructures of ZnCdS nanoplates with Bi_(2)S_(3)-terminated edges were prepared through a facile cation exchange pathway,by which the controlled photocatalytic CO_(2)conversion was achieved.The optimized BZCS–NS-5 photocatalyst exhibited an excellent capacity of CO_(2)photoreduction with a CO production rate of ca.513.2±5.1μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)and a selectivity of ca.91.0%,which were among the highest activities for sulfide photocatalysts documented in the literature.The outstanding photocatalytic performance was attributable to the formation of Z-scheme heterostrucutres between Bi_(2)S_(3)and ZnCdS,in a way the separation and migration of photocarriers were accelerated.This work thus provides a feasible strategy for the construction of heterostructures to enhance the activity and selectivity of CO_(2)-to-CO conversion via delicate design and controlled synthesis of photocatalysts.展开更多
Permissionless blockchain,as a kind of distributed ledger,has gained considerable attention because of its openness,transparency,decentralization,and immutability.Currently,permissionless blockchain has shown a good a...Permissionless blockchain,as a kind of distributed ledger,has gained considerable attention because of its openness,transparency,decentralization,and immutability.Currently,permissionless blockchain has shown a good application prospect in many fields,from the initial cryptocurrency to the Internet of Things(IoT)and Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networking(VANET),which is considered as the beginning of rewriting our digital infrastructure.However,blockchain confronts some privacy risks that hinder its practical applications.Though numerous surveys reviewed the privacy preservation in blockchain,they failed to reveal the latest advances,nor have they been able to conduct a unified standard comprehensive classification of the privacy protection of permissionless blockchain.Therefore,in this paper,we analyze the specific characteristics of permissionless blockchain,summarize the potential privacy threats,and investigate the unique privacy requirements of blockchain.Existing privacy preservation technologies are carefully surveyed and evaluated based on our proposed evaluation criteria.We finally figure out open research issues as well as future research directions from the perspective of privacy issues.展开更多
Background:Porcine pancreatic elastase(PPE)is successfully used to induce abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA)in mice.However,differences between mouse strains in susceptibility to PPE induction have been reported.Kunming m...Background:Porcine pancreatic elastase(PPE)is successfully used to induce abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA)in mice.However,differences between mouse strains in susceptibility to PPE induction have been reported.Kunming mouse is one of the most frequently used strains in China but whether it is suitable for induction of AAA by PPE application remains unclear.Methods:PPE infusion(1.5 units/ml)in temporary controlled aorta was performed to induce AAAs in both C57BL/6J and Kunming mice.Phosphatebuffered saline(PBS)application was used as vehicle control.The aorta diameters of all mice were measured at days 0 and 14 after surgery to evaluate the AAA formation.Results:After 14 days of PPE or PBS infusion,all mice were sacrificed and aorta tissues were collected for histological staining analysis.At the 14th day after infusion,PPE successfully induced aortic dilation in Kunming mice and typical AAA in C57BL/6J mice.The aorta diameter increased by 0.23 mm in Kunming mice after PPE infusion,while it was 0.72 mm in the C57BL/6J strain.PPE induced mild elastin degradation,smooth muscle cell(SMC)depletion and mural leucocyte infiltration in Kunming mice,but in PPE-sensitive C57BL/6J mice,it induced total loss of SMCs,elastin disappearance and diffused infiltrated leucocytes in aortic aneurysmal segments.The effects of PPE in inducing angiogenesis and upregulating matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 expression in Kunming mice were also weaker than that in C57BL/6J mice.Conclusion:At the reported dose of PPE,Kunming mouse is not as susceptible to AAA formation as C57BL/6J mice.The failure of PPE to induce AAA formation in Kunming mice may be associated to its inability to boost a strong inflammatory response.展开更多
Phenazine-based non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have demonstrated great potential in improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs).Halogenation is known to be an effective strategy for increa...Phenazine-based non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have demonstrated great potential in improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs).Halogenation is known to be an effective strategy for increasing optical absorption,refining energy levels,and improving molecular packing in organic semiconductors.Herein,a series of NFAs(Pz IC-4H,Pz IC-4F,Pz IC-4Cl,Pz IC-2Br)with phenazine as the central core and with/without halogen-substituted(dicyanomethylidene)-indan-1-one(IC)as the electron-accepting end group were synthesized,and the effect of end group matched phenazine central unit on the photovoltaic performance was systematically studied.Synergetic photophysical and morphological analyses revealed that the PM6:Pz IC-4F blend involves efficient exciton dissociation,higher charge collection and transfer rates,better crystallinity,and optimal phase separation.Therefore,OSCs based on PM6:Pz IC-4F as the active layer exhibited a PCE of 16.48%with an open circuit voltage(Voc)and energy loss of 0.880 V and 0.53 e V,respectively.Accordingly,this work demonstrated a promising approach by designing phenazine-based NFAs for achieving high-performance OSCs.展开更多
Designing novel nonfullerene acceptors(NFAs)is of vital importance for the development of organic solar cells(OSC).Modification on the side chain and end group are two powerful tools to construct efficient NFAs.Here,b...Designing novel nonfullerene acceptors(NFAs)is of vital importance for the development of organic solar cells(OSC).Modification on the side chain and end group are two powerful tools to construct efficient NFAs.Here,based on the high-performance L8BO,we selected 3-ethylheptyl to substitute the inner chain of 2-ethylhexyl,obtaining the backbone of BON3.Then we introduced different halogen atoms of fluorine and chlorine on 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1Hinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile end group(EG)to construct efficient NFAs named BON3-F and BON3-Cl,respectively.Polymer donor D18 was chosen to combine with two novel NFAs to construct OSC devices.Impressively,D18:BON3-Cl-based device shows a remarkable power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 18.57%,with a high open-circuit voltage(V_(OC))of 0.907 V and an excellent fill factor(FF)of 80.44%,which is one of the highest binary PCE of devices based on D18 as the donor.However,BON3-F-based device shows a relatively lower PCE of 17.79%with a decreased FF of 79.05%.The better photovoltaic performance is mainly attributed to the red-shifted absorption,higher electron and hole mobilities,reduced charge recombination,and enhanced molecular packing in the D18:BON3-Cl films.Also,we performed stability tests on two binary systems;the D18:BON3-Cl and D18:BON3-F devices maintain 88.1%and 85.5%of their initial efficiencies after 169 h of storage at 85°C in an N2-filled glove box,respectively.Our work demonstrates the importance of selecting halogen atoms on EG and provides an efficient binary system of D18:BON3-Cl for further improvement of PCE.展开更多
Oxidative stress is associated with various diseases.Therapeutic strategies targeting redox balance regulations have been tested.However,the lack of knowledge about the heterogeneous metabolism and redox balance withi...Oxidative stress is associated with various diseases.Therapeutic strategies targeting redox balance regulations have been tested.However,the lack of knowledge about the heterogeneous metabolism and redox balance within different regions of tissues limits the development of redox-targeted therapies.In this study,mass spectrometry imagingwas used to profile the redox and metabolic heterogeneity in response to oxidative stress induced by in situ synthesis of Au particles.Our findings showed that the kidney cortex exhibited better glutathione(GSH)-related reducibility than medulla to maintain redox homeostasis.The isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase pathways were primary contributors to the reduced state of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate regeneration,assisting in the conversion of oxidized GSH to GSH.In solid tumors,oxidative stress induced infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages and suppressed the proliferation of polymorphonuclear cells,which played a crucial role in maintaining tumor redox homeostasis.Our study provided a new strategy to investigate the spatial metabolomic rewiring in tissues during oxidative challenge.展开更多
The association between dyslipidemia and elevated fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes is well known. In non-diabetes, whether this association still exists, and whether dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for hi...The association between dyslipidemia and elevated fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes is well known. In non-diabetes, whether this association still exists, and whether dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for high fasting plasma glucose （FPG） levels are not clear. This cross-sectional study recruited 3460 non-diabetic Chinese subjects （1027 men, and 2433 women, aged 35-75 years old） who participated in a health survey. Men and women were classified into tertiles by levels of plasma lipids respectively. In women, the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose （IFG） was decreased with increased HDL-C. A stepwise increase in HDL-C was associated with decreasing FPG levels （lowest tertiles, FPG： 5.376 ± 0.018; middle tertiles, 5.324± 0.018; highest tertiles, 5.276±0.018mmol/L; P = 0.001）. Reversely, FPG levels increased from lowest tertiles to highest tertiles of LDL-C, TC, and TG. we found that women in the first tertile with lower HDL-C level had a 1.75-fold increase in risk of IFG compared with non-diabetic women in the third tertile with higher HDL-C level （OR： 1.75; 95% CI： 1.20-2.56）. In men, no significant association was found. We took age, BMI, waist/hip ratio, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical exercise as adjusted variables. In Chinese non-diabetic women, dyslipidemia is independently associated with high levels of FPG; TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C are predictors of IFG independent of BMI and waist/hip ratio.展开更多
Using an on-the-fly scanning scheme, line confocal microscopy can obtain complex structures of large biological tissues with high throughput. Yet, it suffers from lateral imaging asymmetry and thus introduces the pote...Using an on-the-fly scanning scheme, line confocal microscopy can obtain complex structures of large biological tissues with high throughput. Yet, it suffers from lateral imaging asymmetry and thus introduces the potential deformations of the observation results. Here, we propose cross-line illumination microscopy (cLIM) that acquires the imaging data of two perpendicular directions simultaneously through the same objective lens in a line scanning and utilizes two-direction deconvolution fusion to achieve lateral symmetric imaging performance.Imaging fluorescence beads indicates that cLIM reduces lateral resolution asymmetry from 46.1%to 2.5%and improves lateral resolution by 31.0%, compared with traditional line-scanning imaging. Compared with commercial point-confocal microscopy, the cLIM has a 25.84×increase in imaging speed and 1.93×better background-suppressing ability when imaging an 11,306μm×7783μm×100μm mouse kidney slice. We also show the advantages of the cLIM in observing direction-sensitive texture features by imaging a muscular tissue slice. cLIM offers a novel solution to achieve laterally symmetric line-scanning imaging with simple modifications while maintaining high throughput and accuracy for imaging large-scale samples.展开更多
To solve the problem of uncertain parameters in dynamic modelling of upper-limb rehabilitation robots,a dynamic parameter identification method based on variable parameters particle swarm optimisation(PSO)is developed...To solve the problem of uncertain parameters in dynamic modelling of upper-limb rehabilitation robots,a dynamic parameter identification method based on variable parameters particle swarm optimisation(PSO)is developed.Based on the dynamic model of the system,the algorithm changes the inertia parameter and learning law of the basic PSO algorithm from the fixed-parameter to the function that changes with the number of iterations.It solves the problems of small search space in the early stage and slow convergence speed in the later stage of the basic PSO algorithm,which greatly improves its identification accuracy.Finally,through the comparison and analysis of the simulation results,compared with those of the least square(LS)and unmodified PSO identification algorithms,a great improvement in the identification accuracy of the algorithm is achieved.The control effect in the actual control system is also much better than those of the LS and PSO algorithms.展开更多
In recent years,molecular diagnostics has become pivotal in the detection of polycystic kidney disease(PKD).1 Nevertheless,given the extensive genomic architecture,allelic heterogeneity,and dispersed mutations in affi...In recent years,molecular diagnostics has become pivotal in the detection of polycystic kidney disease(PKD).1 Nevertheless,given the extensive genomic architecture,allelic heterogeneity,and dispersed mutations in affiliated genes,the translation of its clinical prospects is constrained.2 Moreover,summarizing the pertinent literature within the past decade reveals that the majority of studies predominantly focus on three main genes(PKD1,PKD2,and PKHD1),resulting in a limited scope of genes considered(Table S1).In the present investigation,endeavoring to supersede the limitations of traditional genetic diagnosis methods,we employed next-generation sequencing to meticulously interrogate the entire coding domains and exon-intron junctions of 15 pre-eminent genes(Table S2).展开更多
In the realm of underwater robotics,optical imaging plays a pivotal role in many scientific researches.Due to the effects of absorption and scattering,images captured in turbid water are severely degraded.Therefore,en...In the realm of underwater robotics,optical imaging plays a pivotal role in many scientific researches.Due to the effects of absorption and scattering,images captured in turbid water are severely degraded.Therefore,enhancing the quality of underwater optical images stands paramount in ensuring the continued advancement and efficacy of underwater robots across its multifarious applications.展开更多
基金This work is sponsored by the open grant of the Tactical Data Link Lab of the 20th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,P.R.China(Grant CLDL-20182119)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61672410 and 61802293+2 种基金the Key Lab of Information Network Security,Ministry of Public Security(Grant C18614)the Academy of Finland(Grants 308087,314203,and 335262)the Shaanxi Innovation Team project under grant 2018TD-007,and the 111 project under grant B16037.
文摘Tactical Data Link(TDL)is a communication system that utilizes a particular message format and a protocol to transmit data via wireless channels in an instant,automatic,and secure way.So far,TDL has shown its excellence in military applications.Current TDL adopts a distributed architecture to enhance anti-destruction capacity.However,It still faces a problem of data inconsistency and thus cannot well support cooperation across multiple militarily domains.To tackle this problem,we propose to leverage blockchain to build an automatic and adaptive data transmission control scheme for TDL.It achieves automatic data transmission and realizes information consistency among different TDL entities.Besides,applying smart contracts based on blockchain further enables adjusting data transmission policies automatically.Security analysis and experimental results based on simulations illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed scheme.
基金partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61290322,61273222,61322303,61473248,61403335)Hebei Province Applied Basis Research Project(15967629D)Top Talents Project of Hebei Province and Yanshan University Project(13LGA020)
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51978672 and 52308335)the Natural Science Funding of Hunan Province(Grant No.2023JJ41054)the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee(Grant No.2023AH051170)。
文摘Understanding the reinforcement effect of the newly developed prestressed reinforcement components(PRCs)(a system composed of prestressed steel bars(PSBs),protective sleeves,lateral pressure plates(LPPs),and anchoring elements)is technically significant for the rational design of prestressed subgrade.A three-dimensional finite element model was established and verified based on a novel static model test and utilized to systematically analyze the influence of prestress levels and reinforcement modes on the reinforcement effect of the subgrade.The results show that the PRCs provide additional confining pressure to the subgrade through the diffusion effect of the prestress,which can therefore effectively improve the service performance of the subgrade.Compared to the unreinforced conventional subgrades,the settlements of prestressreinforced subgrades are reduced.The settlement attenuation rate(Rs)near the LPPs is larger than that at the subgrade center,and increasing the prestress positively contributes to the stability of the subgrade structure.In the multi-row reinforcement mode,the reinforcement effect of PRCs can extend from the reinforced area to the unreinforced area.In addition,as the horizontal distance from the LPPs increases,the additional confining pressure converted by the PSBs and LPPs gradually diminishes when spreading to the core load bearing area of the subgrade,resulting in a decrease in the Rs.Under the singlerow reinforcement mode,PRCs can be strategically arranged according to the local areas where subgrade defects readily occurred or observed,to obtain the desired reinforcement effect.Moreover,excessive prestress should not be applied near the subgrade shoulder line to avoid the shear failure of the subgrade shoulder.PRCs can be flexibly used for preventing and treating various subgrade defects of newly constructed or existing railway lines,achieving targeted and classified prevention,and effectively improving the bearing performance and deformation resistance of the subgrade.The research results are instructive for further elucidating the prestress reinforcement effect of PRCs on railway subgrades.
基金support from the NSFC(Nos.91622114,21520102001,21521061 and 21331006)the Open Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment(No.SKLPEE-202008)Fuzhou University,and the Special Fund for Scientific and Technological Innovation of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(No.CXZX2019073G).
文摘Photocatalytic conversion of chemical fuels has emerged as a most challenging subject in photocatalysis which is considered as one of the sustainable solutions for environmental issues related to the energy shortage and anthropogenic carbon emissions.Herein,unique heterostructures of ZnCdS nanoplates with Bi_(2)S_(3)-terminated edges were prepared through a facile cation exchange pathway,by which the controlled photocatalytic CO_(2)conversion was achieved.The optimized BZCS–NS-5 photocatalyst exhibited an excellent capacity of CO_(2)photoreduction with a CO production rate of ca.513.2±5.1μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)and a selectivity of ca.91.0%,which were among the highest activities for sulfide photocatalysts documented in the literature.The outstanding photocatalytic performance was attributable to the formation of Z-scheme heterostrucutres between Bi_(2)S_(3)and ZnCdS,in a way the separation and migration of photocarriers were accelerated.This work thus provides a feasible strategy for the construction of heterostructures to enhance the activity and selectivity of CO_(2)-to-CO conversion via delicate design and controlled synthesis of photocatalysts.
基金The work is supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61672410 and 61802293the Academy of Finland under Grants 308087,314203 and 335262+5 种基金the Key Lab of Information Network Security,Ministry of Public Security under grant No.C18614the open grant of the Tactical Data Link Lab of the 20th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,P.R.China under grant CLDL-20182119the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents under grant BX20180238the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under grant 2018M633461the Shaanxi Innovation Team project under grant 2018TD-007the 111 project under grant B16037.
文摘Permissionless blockchain,as a kind of distributed ledger,has gained considerable attention because of its openness,transparency,decentralization,and immutability.Currently,permissionless blockchain has shown a good application prospect in many fields,from the initial cryptocurrency to the Internet of Things(IoT)and Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networking(VANET),which is considered as the beginning of rewriting our digital infrastructure.However,blockchain confronts some privacy risks that hinder its practical applications.Though numerous surveys reviewed the privacy preservation in blockchain,they failed to reveal the latest advances,nor have they been able to conduct a unified standard comprehensive classification of the privacy protection of permissionless blockchain.Therefore,in this paper,we analyze the specific characteristics of permissionless blockchain,summarize the potential privacy threats,and investigate the unique privacy requirements of blockchain.Existing privacy preservation technologies are carefully surveyed and evaluated based on our proposed evaluation criteria.We finally figure out open research issues as well as future research directions from the perspective of privacy issues.
基金partly supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2020PT-004, 2017BSHQYXMZZ18 and 2021PT-056)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82070470 and 81370379)
文摘Background:Porcine pancreatic elastase(PPE)is successfully used to induce abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA)in mice.However,differences between mouse strains in susceptibility to PPE induction have been reported.Kunming mouse is one of the most frequently used strains in China but whether it is suitable for induction of AAA by PPE application remains unclear.Methods:PPE infusion(1.5 units/ml)in temporary controlled aorta was performed to induce AAAs in both C57BL/6J and Kunming mice.Phosphatebuffered saline(PBS)application was used as vehicle control.The aorta diameters of all mice were measured at days 0 and 14 after surgery to evaluate the AAA formation.Results:After 14 days of PPE or PBS infusion,all mice were sacrificed and aorta tissues were collected for histological staining analysis.At the 14th day after infusion,PPE successfully induced aortic dilation in Kunming mice and typical AAA in C57BL/6J mice.The aorta diameter increased by 0.23 mm in Kunming mice after PPE infusion,while it was 0.72 mm in the C57BL/6J strain.PPE induced mild elastin degradation,smooth muscle cell(SMC)depletion and mural leucocyte infiltration in Kunming mice,but in PPE-sensitive C57BL/6J mice,it induced total loss of SMCs,elastin disappearance and diffused infiltrated leucocytes in aortic aneurysmal segments.The effects of PPE in inducing angiogenesis and upregulating matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 expression in Kunming mice were also weaker than that in C57BL/6J mice.Conclusion:At the reported dose of PPE,Kunming mouse is not as susceptible to AAA formation as C57BL/6J mice.The failure of PPE to induce AAA formation in Kunming mice may be associated to its inability to boost a strong inflammatory response.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22279152,U21A20331)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (21925506)+1 种基金the Ningbo key scientific and technological project (2022Z117)the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation (2021J192)。
文摘Phenazine-based non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have demonstrated great potential in improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs).Halogenation is known to be an effective strategy for increasing optical absorption,refining energy levels,and improving molecular packing in organic semiconductors.Herein,a series of NFAs(Pz IC-4H,Pz IC-4F,Pz IC-4Cl,Pz IC-2Br)with phenazine as the central core and with/without halogen-substituted(dicyanomethylidene)-indan-1-one(IC)as the electron-accepting end group were synthesized,and the effect of end group matched phenazine central unit on the photovoltaic performance was systematically studied.Synergetic photophysical and morphological analyses revealed that the PM6:Pz IC-4F blend involves efficient exciton dissociation,higher charge collection and transfer rates,better crystallinity,and optimal phase separation.Therefore,OSCs based on PM6:Pz IC-4F as the active layer exhibited a PCE of 16.48%with an open circuit voltage(Voc)and energy loss of 0.880 V and 0.53 e V,respectively.Accordingly,this work demonstrated a promising approach by designing phenazine-based NFAs for achieving high-performance OSCs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U21A20331)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.21925506)+3 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ22E030013)Ningbo Key Scientific and Technological Project(2022Z117)Ningbo Public Welfare Science and Technology Planning Project(2021S149)ZBTI Scientific Research Innovation Team(KYTD202105).
文摘Designing novel nonfullerene acceptors(NFAs)is of vital importance for the development of organic solar cells(OSC).Modification on the side chain and end group are two powerful tools to construct efficient NFAs.Here,based on the high-performance L8BO,we selected 3-ethylheptyl to substitute the inner chain of 2-ethylhexyl,obtaining the backbone of BON3.Then we introduced different halogen atoms of fluorine and chlorine on 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1Hinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile end group(EG)to construct efficient NFAs named BON3-F and BON3-Cl,respectively.Polymer donor D18 was chosen to combine with two novel NFAs to construct OSC devices.Impressively,D18:BON3-Cl-based device shows a remarkable power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 18.57%,with a high open-circuit voltage(V_(OC))of 0.907 V and an excellent fill factor(FF)of 80.44%,which is one of the highest binary PCE of devices based on D18 as the donor.However,BON3-F-based device shows a relatively lower PCE of 17.79%with a decreased FF of 79.05%.The better photovoltaic performance is mainly attributed to the red-shifted absorption,higher electron and hole mobilities,reduced charge recombination,and enhanced molecular packing in the D18:BON3-Cl films.Also,we performed stability tests on two binary systems;the D18:BON3-Cl and D18:BON3-F devices maintain 88.1%and 85.5%of their initial efficiencies after 169 h of storage at 85°C in an N2-filled glove box,respectively.Our work demonstrates the importance of selecting halogen atoms on EG and provides an efficient binary system of D18:BON3-Cl for further improvement of PCE.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(grant nos.22334007,22304175,21827807,and 22274160)and Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Oxidative stress is associated with various diseases.Therapeutic strategies targeting redox balance regulations have been tested.However,the lack of knowledge about the heterogeneous metabolism and redox balance within different regions of tissues limits the development of redox-targeted therapies.In this study,mass spectrometry imagingwas used to profile the redox and metabolic heterogeneity in response to oxidative stress induced by in situ synthesis of Au particles.Our findings showed that the kidney cortex exhibited better glutathione(GSH)-related reducibility than medulla to maintain redox homeostasis.The isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase pathways were primary contributors to the reduced state of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate regeneration,assisting in the conversion of oxidized GSH to GSH.In solid tumors,oxidative stress induced infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages and suppressed the proliferation of polymorphonuclear cells,which played a crucial role in maintaining tumor redox homeostasis.Our study provided a new strategy to investigate the spatial metabolomic rewiring in tissues during oxidative challenge.
文摘The association between dyslipidemia and elevated fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes is well known. In non-diabetes, whether this association still exists, and whether dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for high fasting plasma glucose （FPG） levels are not clear. This cross-sectional study recruited 3460 non-diabetic Chinese subjects （1027 men, and 2433 women, aged 35-75 years old） who participated in a health survey. Men and women were classified into tertiles by levels of plasma lipids respectively. In women, the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose （IFG） was decreased with increased HDL-C. A stepwise increase in HDL-C was associated with decreasing FPG levels （lowest tertiles, FPG： 5.376 ± 0.018; middle tertiles, 5.324± 0.018; highest tertiles, 5.276±0.018mmol/L; P = 0.001）. Reversely, FPG levels increased from lowest tertiles to highest tertiles of LDL-C, TC, and TG. we found that women in the first tertile with lower HDL-C level had a 1.75-fold increase in risk of IFG compared with non-diabetic women in the third tertile with higher HDL-C level （OR： 1.75; 95% CI： 1.20-2.56）. In men, no significant association was found. We took age, BMI, waist/hip ratio, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical exercise as adjusted variables. In Chinese non-diabetic women, dyslipidemia is independently associated with high levels of FPG; TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C are predictors of IFG independent of BMI and waist/hip ratio.
基金Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2021ZD0201001)National Natural Science Foundation of China (62325502, 81827901)Huazhong University of Science and Technology(2019kfyXMBZ011)。
文摘Using an on-the-fly scanning scheme, line confocal microscopy can obtain complex structures of large biological tissues with high throughput. Yet, it suffers from lateral imaging asymmetry and thus introduces the potential deformations of the observation results. Here, we propose cross-line illumination microscopy (cLIM) that acquires the imaging data of two perpendicular directions simultaneously through the same objective lens in a line scanning and utilizes two-direction deconvolution fusion to achieve lateral symmetric imaging performance.Imaging fluorescence beads indicates that cLIM reduces lateral resolution asymmetry from 46.1%to 2.5%and improves lateral resolution by 31.0%, compared with traditional line-scanning imaging. Compared with commercial point-confocal microscopy, the cLIM has a 25.84×increase in imaging speed and 1.93×better background-suppressing ability when imaging an 11,306μm×7783μm×100μm mouse kidney slice. We also show the advantages of the cLIM in observing direction-sensitive texture features by imaging a muscular tissue slice. cLIM offers a novel solution to achieve laterally symmetric line-scanning imaging with simple modifications while maintaining high throughput and accuracy for imaging large-scale samples.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of china(61563032)Project(18JR3RA133)supported by Gansu Basic Research Innovation Group,China.
文摘To solve the problem of uncertain parameters in dynamic modelling of upper-limb rehabilitation robots,a dynamic parameter identification method based on variable parameters particle swarm optimisation(PSO)is developed.Based on the dynamic model of the system,the algorithm changes the inertia parameter and learning law of the basic PSO algorithm from the fixed-parameter to the function that changes with the number of iterations.It solves the problems of small search space in the early stage and slow convergence speed in the later stage of the basic PSO algorithm,which greatly improves its identification accuracy.Finally,through the comparison and analysis of the simulation results,compared with those of the least square(LS)and unmodified PSO identification algorithms,a great improvement in the identification accuracy of the algorithm is achieved.The control effect in the actual control system is also much better than those of the LS and PSO algorithms.
基金funded by the National Science Foundation of China(No.82170716,81870333,82100821)the Key Laboratory Construction Plan Project of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission(China)(No.2020SYS01)+1 种基金the Key Project of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission(China)(No.2020XM21)the Key Research and Development Project of Shanxi Province,China(No.201903D321086).
文摘In recent years,molecular diagnostics has become pivotal in the detection of polycystic kidney disease(PKD).1 Nevertheless,given the extensive genomic architecture,allelic heterogeneity,and dispersed mutations in affiliated genes,the translation of its clinical prospects is constrained.2 Moreover,summarizing the pertinent literature within the past decade reveals that the majority of studies predominantly focus on three main genes(PKD1,PKD2,and PKHD1),resulting in a limited scope of genes considered(Table S1).In the present investigation,endeavoring to supersede the limitations of traditional genetic diagnosis methods,we employed next-generation sequencing to meticulously interrogate the entire coding domains and exon-intron junctions of 15 pre-eminent genes(Table S2).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62176037,62002043,42301380)Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund(Grant Nos.2018J12GX037,2019J11CY001,2021JJ12GX028)+1 种基金Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(Grant No.XLYC1908007)the Foundation of Liaoning Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.201801728)。
文摘In the realm of underwater robotics,optical imaging plays a pivotal role in many scientific researches.Due to the effects of absorption and scattering,images captured in turbid water are severely degraded.Therefore,enhancing the quality of underwater optical images stands paramount in ensuring the continued advancement and efficacy of underwater robots across its multifarious applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22071246 and 22272178)CAS youth interdisciplinary team (JCTD-2022-12)+1 种基金CAS-Iranian Vice presidency for science and technology joint research project (121835KYSB20200034)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M733499)。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(21925506)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20331 and 81903743)+5 种基金Ningbo S&T Innovation 2025 Major Special Programme(2018B10055)CAS Key Project of Frontier Science Research(QYZDBSSW-SYS030)Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(2021J192)Ningbo Key Scientific and Technological Project(2022Z117)Ningbo Public Welfare Science and Technology Planning Project(2021S149)ZBTI Scientific Research Innovation Team(KYTD202105)。
