Mg alloys have garnered significant attention in advanced engineering applications due to their exceptional combination of specificstrength and lightweight properties.Theα-Mg solid solution,which constitutes the core...Mg alloys have garnered significant attention in advanced engineering applications due to their exceptional combination of specificstrength and lightweight properties.Theα-Mg solid solution,which constitutes the core component of Mg alloys,directly governs the alloy’sthermodynamic behavior,kinetic response,and overall performance.This paper systematically reviews the effects of theα-Mg matrix phase onmechanical properties(e.g.,when the average grain size of pure Mg is refined from 59.7μm to 1.57μm,the alloy’s yield strength increasesby 122 MPa),corrosion resistance(e.g.,adding 0.5%Gd and 0.5%Sc to pure Mg reduces the alloy’s weight loss rate from 208.71 mm/yearto 0.29 mm/year),damping properties,electromagnetic shielding properties,and flame retardancy,and reveals the microscopic interactionmechanisms between the matrix phase,solute atoms,crystal defects,and second phases.Furthermore,this paper critically analyzes the keyrole of the matrix phase in emerging fields such as bio-Mg alloys(e.g.,controlled degradation rate design),Mg-air batteries(e.g.,anodeefficiency optimization),and Mg-based hydrogen storage materials(e.g.,enhancement of hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics).Finally,this paper explores the significant potential of data-driven methods in the design and development of next-generation high-performance Mgalloys.展开更多
This work investigates the effects of deformation mechanisms on the mechanical properties and anisotropy of rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy under uniaxial tension,combining experimental characterization with Visco-Plasti...This work investigates the effects of deformation mechanisms on the mechanical properties and anisotropy of rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy under uniaxial tension,combining experimental characterization with Visco-Plastic Self Consistent(VPSC)modeling.The research focuses particularly on anisotropic mechanical responses along transverse direction(TD)and rolling direction(RD).Experimental measurements and computational simulations consistently demonstrate that prismaticslip activation significantly reduces the strain hardening rate during the initial stage of tensile deformation.By suppressing the activation of specific deformation mechanisms along RD and TD,the tensile mechanical behavior of the magnesium alloy was further investigated.The results show that basalslip has the greatest impact during the initial deformation stage and basalslip activation substantially affects the deformation behavior of AZ31B alloy,causing marked decreases in both yield and tensile strength along RD.Under tensile loading along TD,prismaticslip not only exhibits a synergistic effect on yield strength,but also dominants work hardening during the initial plastic deformation.展开更多
Leveraging high-precision lattice QCD data on the equation of state and baryon number susceptibility at a vanishing chemical potential,we constructed a Bayesian holographic QCD model and systematically analyzed the th...Leveraging high-precision lattice QCD data on the equation of state and baryon number susceptibility at a vanishing chemical potential,we constructed a Bayesian holographic QCD model and systematically analyzed the thermodynamic properties of heavy quarkonium in QCD matter under varying temperatures and chemical potentials.We computed the quark-antiquark interquark distance,potential energy,entropy,binding energy,and internal energy.We present detailed posterior distribution results of the thermodynamic quantities of heavy quarkonium,including maximum a posteriori(MAP)value estimates and 95%confidence levels(CL).Through numerical simulations and theoretical analysis,we find that an increase in the temperature and chemical potential reduces the quark distance,thereby facilitating the dissociation of heavy quarkonium and leading to a suppressed potential energy.The increase in temperature and chemical potential also raises the entropy and entropy force,further accelerating the dissociation of heavy quarkonium.The calculated results of binding energy indicate that a higher temperature and chemical potential enhance the tendency of heavy quarkonium to dissociate into free quarks.The internal energy also increases with rising temperature and chemical potential.These findings provide significant theoretical insights into the properties of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions and lay a solid foundation for the interpretation and validation of future experimental data.Finally,we also present the results for the free energy,entropy,and internal energy of a single quark.展开更多
Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BC...Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs,including their fundamental principles,technical advancements,and applications in specific domains.However,these reviews often focus on signal processing,hardware development,or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram(EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas,encompassing rehabilitation,daily communication,epilepsy,cerebral resuscitation,sleep,neurodegenerative diseases,anesthesiology,and emotion recognition.Moreover,the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed,including personal privacy and ethical concerns,network security vulnerabilities,safety issues,and biocompatibility.展开更多
Research on magnesium(Mg) alloys still remains a prominent and expanding field in recent years. The Web of Science Core Collection database documented 4898 published articles on the topic, highlighting a sustained and...Research on magnesium(Mg) alloys still remains a prominent and expanding field in recent years. The Web of Science Core Collection database documented 4898 published articles on the topic, highlighting a sustained and growing interest. Statistical analysis of the literature reveals a consistent focus on microstructures, mechanical and corrosion properties. Significant progress has also been made in the manufacture of large-scale Mg alloy components. Meanwhile, steady advancements have been achieved in functional magnesium materials, magnesiumbased hydrogen storage, and magnesium-ion batteries, with magnesium-based Energy Storage Mater. moving closer to commercial applications.Notably, the year 2024 marks a breakthrough in artificial intelligence, and the integration of big data and artificial intelligence is expected to significantly accelerate the research and development of magnesium alloy materials. Furthermore, the decline in primary magnesium prices in 2024 has triggered a new wave of research and large-scale commercial applications. Concurrently, there is growing interest in their use in emerging industries such as unmanned aerial vehicles and robotics. With continuous improvements and diversification in performance, the applications of magnesium alloys have expanded significantly in 2024, encompassing satellite components, integrated automotive structures,magnesium alloy formwork, and biomedical materials. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of development and key research challenges in the field of Mg alloys as of 2024, and also outlines potential future directions for research and application.展开更多
Experimental validation of laser intensity is particularly important for the study of fundamental physics at extremely high intensities.However,reliable diagnosis of the focal spot and peak intensity faces huge challe...Experimental validation of laser intensity is particularly important for the study of fundamental physics at extremely high intensities.However,reliable diagnosis of the focal spot and peak intensity faces huge challenges.In this work,we demonstrate for the firs time that the coherent radiation farfiel patterns from laser–foil interactions can serve as an in situ,real-time,and easy-to-implement diagnostic for an ultraintense laser focus.The laser-driven electron sheets,curved by the spatially varying laser fiel and leaving the targets at nearly the speed of light,produce doughnut-shaped patterns depending on the shapes of the focal spot and the absolute laser intensities.Assisted by particle-in-cell simulations,we can achieve measurements of the intensity and the focal spot,and provide immediate feedback to optimize the focal spots for extremely high intensity.展开更多
An efficient synthesis of α-thioenamine compounds via a K_(2)S_(2)O_(8)-promoted cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction between heterocyclic thiols and enamine esters in an aqueous medium has been developed.The reac...An efficient synthesis of α-thioenamine compounds via a K_(2)S_(2)O_(8)-promoted cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction between heterocyclic thiols and enamine esters in an aqueous medium has been developed.The reaction showed good tolerance for enamine esters and heterocyclic thiols with various functional groups,producingα-thioenamine derivatives in moderate to high yields.Mechanistic studies revealed that heterocyclic thiols react with K_(2)S_(2)O_(8) in water to form reactive disulfides in situ,which then react with enamine esters to generate a series ofα-thioenamines.Building on the proposed mechanism,we developed a sulfenylation reaction of enamine esters with disulfides without the need for an oxidant.This oxidant-free approach has been successfully employed to synthesize DNA-taggedα-thioenamine,demonstrating its considerable potential for various synthetic applications.展开更多
MXenes,an innovative class of two-dimensional(2D)materials composed of transition-metal carbides and/or nitrides,have garnered significant interest for their potential in energy storage and conversion applications,whi...MXenes,an innovative class of two-dimensional(2D)materials composed of transition-metal carbides and/or nitrides,have garnered significant interest for their potential in energy storage and conversion applications,which is largely attributed to their modifiable surface terminations,exceptional conductivity,and favorable hydrophilic characteristics.MXenes show various ion transport behaviors in applications like electrochemical catalysis,supercapacitors,and batteries,encompassing processes like electrostatic adsorption of surface ions,redox reactions of ions,and interlayer ion shuttle.This review aims to present a summary of advancements in the comprehension of ion transport behaviors of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXenes.First,the composition,properties,and synthesis techniques of MXenes are concisely summarized.Subsequently,the discussion delves into the mechanisms of ion transport in MXenes during CO_(2)reduction,water splitting,supercapacitor operation,and battery performance,elucidating the factors determining the electrochemical behaviors and efficacy.Furthermore,a compilation of strategies used to optimize ion transport behaviors in MXenes is presented.The article concludes by presenting the challenges and opportunities for these fields to facilitate the continued progress of MXenes in energy-related technologies.展开更多
This paper investigates the uniaxial tensile mechanical properties and flow behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloys with equiaxed microstructure at cryogenic temperatures ranging from 77 K to298 K and strain rates from 10^(-4)/s...This paper investigates the uniaxial tensile mechanical properties and flow behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloys with equiaxed microstructure at cryogenic temperatures ranging from 77 K to298 K and strain rates from 10^(-4)/s to 10^(-2)/s.Scanning electron microscopy is utilized to analyze the fracture morphology,aiming to reveal the fracture behavior at various temperatures.The applicability of the Zener-Hollomon parameter and the Johnson-Cook model in describing the flow stress of Ti-6Al-4V at cryogenic temperatures is analyzed.Moreover,a constitutive relationship modeling method based on the variational recurrent networks is proposed.Mechanical test results show a significant increase in the strength of equiaxed Ti-6Al-4V alloy under cryogenic conditions while the plastic deformation process is shortened.However,the fracture analysis indicates that even at 77 K,the fracture process is still dominated by ductile fracture,and brittle fracture does not occur within the range of 77 K to 298 K.The fitting results validate the performance of the Zener-Hollomon parameter and the Johnson-Cook model in describing the deformation flow stress of Ti-6Al-4V alloy at cryogenic temperatures.The results also indicate that the proposed constitutive relationship modeling method based on the variational recurrent network performs better,making it a potential method for widespread applications.展开更多
目的比较晚期肝细胞癌一线系统治疗药物的有效性和安全性,供临床实践作参考。方法网络检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase和Web of Science等文献数据库,检索时限均为建库至2021年6月,根据预设的纳入标准筛选文献进行网络荟萃分析。...目的比较晚期肝细胞癌一线系统治疗药物的有效性和安全性,供临床实践作参考。方法网络检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase和Web of Science等文献数据库,检索时限均为建库至2021年6月,根据预设的纳入标准筛选文献进行网络荟萃分析。结果共纳入12项随机对照研究,合计8058例患者。网络荟萃分析结果显示,相较于索拉非尼,信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗生物类似物(IBI305)、阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗和多纳非尼均降低了患者的死亡风险(HR=0.57,95%CI:0.43~0.75;HR=0.58,95%CI:0.42~0.80;HR=0.83,95%CI:0.70~0.99),该3种治疗方式有最高的P-score值,分别为0.956、0.948和0.764;在有或无“大血管侵犯/肝外转移”的两组患者亚组中,3种治疗方案的排名类似;安全性方面,除安慰剂之外,多纳非尼因不良事件终止研究治疗、减量研究药物和暂停研究治疗的P-score值均位居首位。结论晚期肝细胞癌一线系统治疗药物中,信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗生物类似物、阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗和多纳非尼单药治疗均可显著改善晚期肝细胞癌患者的总生存时间;而多纳非尼的安全性和耐受性更佳。展开更多
Compared with the traditional pyrometallurgical process, copper bioleaching has distinctive advantages of high efficiency and lower cost, enabling efficiently extracts of valuable metal resources from copper sulfides....Compared with the traditional pyrometallurgical process, copper bioleaching has distinctive advantages of high efficiency and lower cost, enabling efficiently extracts of valuable metal resources from copper sulfides. Moreover, during long-term industrial applications of bioleaching, many regulatory enhancements and technological methods are used to accelerate the interfacial reactions. With advances in microbial genetic and sequencing technologies, bacterial communities and their mechanisms in bioleaching systems have been revealed gradually. The bacterial proliferation and dissolution of sulfide ores by a bacterial community depends on the pH, temperature, oxygen, reaction product regulation, additives, and passivation substances, among other factors. The internal relationship among the influencing factors and the succession of microorganism diversity are discussed and reviewed in this paper. This paper is intended to provide a good reference for studies related to enhanced bioleaching.展开更多
To solve the problem of low permeability and lower extraction rates of high-mud ores, a surfactant was added as a penetrant to the pregnant leaching solution during column leaching tests. On the basis of the theories ...To solve the problem of low permeability and lower extraction rates of high-mud ores, a surfactant was added as a penetrant to the pregnant leaching solution during column leaching tests. On the basis of the theories of physical chemistry and seepage flow mechanics, the mechanism by which seepage is enhanced under the effects of the surfactant was analyzed. The results show that the action modes of the surfactant were divided into four aspects: changing the wettability of the ore, reducing the viscosity of the leaching solution, adsorbing onto the surface of ore, and enhancing the permeability effect. The findings of column leaching tests demonstrated that permeability was substantially improved by the surfactant. In the later period of leaching, the permeability coefficient was two times higher than that of the control group. Meanwhile, the ore extraction rate increased by approximately 10%. During the leaching process, the surface tension of the solution did not substantially change, and that of the solution with surfactant increased slightly. The kinetics analysis of ore column leaching illustrated that the leaching processes were controlled by both internal diffusion(principal factor) and chemical reaction.展开更多
AIM：To assess the safety,efficacy,predictability and stability of implantable collamer lens（ICL） for residual refractive error after corneal refractive surgery.METHODS： This study evaluated 19 eyes of 12 patients ...AIM：To assess the safety,efficacy,predictability and stability of implantable collamer lens（ICL） for residual refractive error after corneal refractive surgery.METHODS： This study evaluated 19 eyes of 12 patients who underwent ICL implantation after corneal refractive surgeries.They were followed up for 1y to 5y of uncorrected distance visual acuity（UDVA）,corrected distance visual acuity（CDVA）,manifest refractive error,flat and steep K value,axial length,intraocular pressure,corneal endothelial cell density,adverse events after ICL surgery.RESULTS： The mean follow-up period was 39.05 ±19.22 mo（range,1-5y）.Spherical equivalent refractive error changed from-7.45±3.02 D preoperatively to-0.85±1.10 D 1wk to 1mo after ICL implantation,with the safety and efficacy indices being 1.12 and 1.15,respectively.A total of 52.63% of eyes were within ±0.5 D of the predicted spherical equivalents,73.68% were within ±1.0 D.A trend of mild regression towards myopia with axial elongation after 5y was observed.One eye with mild anterior capsule opacity and retinal detachment 1y after surgery were observed.CONCLUSION： ICL implantation is safe and effective for the correction of residual refractive error after corneal refractive surgeries,especially in moderate to high residual myopia.展开更多
基金supported by Advanced Materials-National Science and Technology Major Project(No.:2025ZD0619700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.:U24A2035,52225101&52171100).
文摘Mg alloys have garnered significant attention in advanced engineering applications due to their exceptional combination of specificstrength and lightweight properties.Theα-Mg solid solution,which constitutes the core component of Mg alloys,directly governs the alloy’sthermodynamic behavior,kinetic response,and overall performance.This paper systematically reviews the effects of theα-Mg matrix phase onmechanical properties(e.g.,when the average grain size of pure Mg is refined from 59.7μm to 1.57μm,the alloy’s yield strength increasesby 122 MPa),corrosion resistance(e.g.,adding 0.5%Gd and 0.5%Sc to pure Mg reduces the alloy’s weight loss rate from 208.71 mm/yearto 0.29 mm/year),damping properties,electromagnetic shielding properties,and flame retardancy,and reveals the microscopic interactionmechanisms between the matrix phase,solute atoms,crystal defects,and second phases.Furthermore,this paper critically analyzes the keyrole of the matrix phase in emerging fields such as bio-Mg alloys(e.g.,controlled degradation rate design),Mg-air batteries(e.g.,anodeefficiency optimization),and Mg-based hydrogen storage materials(e.g.,enhancement of hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics).Finally,this paper explores the significant potential of data-driven methods in the design and development of next-generation high-performance Mgalloys.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(52275356).
文摘This work investigates the effects of deformation mechanisms on the mechanical properties and anisotropy of rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy under uniaxial tension,combining experimental characterization with Visco-Plastic Self Consistent(VPSC)modeling.The research focuses particularly on anisotropic mechanical responses along transverse direction(TD)and rolling direction(RD).Experimental measurements and computational simulations consistently demonstrate that prismaticslip activation significantly reduces the strain hardening rate during the initial stage of tensile deformation.By suppressing the activation of specific deformation mechanisms along RD and TD,the tensile mechanical behavior of the magnesium alloy was further investigated.The results show that basalslip has the greatest impact during the initial deformation stage and basalslip activation substantially affects the deformation behavior of AZ31B alloy,causing marked decreases in both yield and tensile strength along RD.Under tensile loading along TD,prismaticslip not only exhibits a synergistic effect on yield strength,but also dominants work hardening during the initial plastic deformation.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1604900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.12405154,12235016,12221005,12435009,12275104,92570117)+7 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB34030000)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesOpen fund for Key Laboratories of the Ministry of Education(No.QLPL2024P01)CUHK-Shenzhen University Development Fund(Nos.UDF01003041 and UDF03003041)Shenzhen Peacock Fund(No.2023TC0007)Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2024YFA1611004)the European Union–Next Generation EU through the research(No.P2022Z4P4B)“SOPHYA-Sustainable Optimized PHYsics Algorithms:fundamental physics to build an advanced society”under the program PRIN 2022 PNRR of the Italian Ministero dell’Universitàe Ricerca(MUR)。
文摘Leveraging high-precision lattice QCD data on the equation of state and baryon number susceptibility at a vanishing chemical potential,we constructed a Bayesian holographic QCD model and systematically analyzed the thermodynamic properties of heavy quarkonium in QCD matter under varying temperatures and chemical potentials.We computed the quark-antiquark interquark distance,potential energy,entropy,binding energy,and internal energy.We present detailed posterior distribution results of the thermodynamic quantities of heavy quarkonium,including maximum a posteriori(MAP)value estimates and 95%confidence levels(CL).Through numerical simulations and theoretical analysis,we find that an increase in the temperature and chemical potential reduces the quark distance,thereby facilitating the dissociation of heavy quarkonium and leading to a suppressed potential energy.The increase in temperature and chemical potential also raises the entropy and entropy force,further accelerating the dissociation of heavy quarkonium.The calculated results of binding energy indicate that a higher temperature and chemical potential enhance the tendency of heavy quarkonium to dissociate into free quarks.The internal energy also increases with rising temperature and chemical potential.These findings provide significant theoretical insights into the properties of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions and lay a solid foundation for the interpretation and validation of future experimental data.Finally,we also present the results for the free energy,entropy,and internal energy of a single quark.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFF1200602)the National Science Fund for Excellent Overseas Scholars(0401260011)+3 种基金the National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences(c02022088)the Tianjin Science and Technology Program(20JCZDJC00810)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82202798)the Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1404200).
文摘Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs,including their fundamental principles,technical advancements,and applications in specific domains.However,these reviews often focus on signal processing,hardware development,or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram(EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas,encompassing rehabilitation,daily communication,epilepsy,cerebral resuscitation,sleep,neurodegenerative diseases,anesthesiology,and emotion recognition.Moreover,the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed,including personal privacy and ethical concerns,network security vulnerabilities,safety issues,and biocompatibility.
基金supported by Advanced Materials-National Science and Technology Major Project(No.:2025ZD0619700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.:52225101&U24A2035).
文摘Research on magnesium(Mg) alloys still remains a prominent and expanding field in recent years. The Web of Science Core Collection database documented 4898 published articles on the topic, highlighting a sustained and growing interest. Statistical analysis of the literature reveals a consistent focus on microstructures, mechanical and corrosion properties. Significant progress has also been made in the manufacture of large-scale Mg alloy components. Meanwhile, steady advancements have been achieved in functional magnesium materials, magnesiumbased hydrogen storage, and magnesium-ion batteries, with magnesium-based Energy Storage Mater. moving closer to commercial applications.Notably, the year 2024 marks a breakthrough in artificial intelligence, and the integration of big data and artificial intelligence is expected to significantly accelerate the research and development of magnesium alloy materials. Furthermore, the decline in primary magnesium prices in 2024 has triggered a new wave of research and large-scale commercial applications. Concurrently, there is growing interest in their use in emerging industries such as unmanned aerial vehicles and robotics. With continuous improvements and diversification in performance, the applications of magnesium alloys have expanded significantly in 2024, encompassing satellite components, integrated automotive structures,magnesium alloy formwork, and biomedical materials. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of development and key research challenges in the field of Mg alloys as of 2024, and also outlines potential future directions for research and application.
基金supported by the Guangdong High Level Innovation Research Institute(Grant No.2021B0909050006)the National Grand Instrument Project(Grant No.2019YFF01014402)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12205008)support from the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.12225501)。
文摘Experimental validation of laser intensity is particularly important for the study of fundamental physics at extremely high intensities.However,reliable diagnosis of the focal spot and peak intensity faces huge challenges.In this work,we demonstrate for the firs time that the coherent radiation farfiel patterns from laser–foil interactions can serve as an in situ,real-time,and easy-to-implement diagnostic for an ultraintense laser focus.The laser-driven electron sheets,curved by the spatially varying laser fiel and leaving the targets at nearly the speed of light,produce doughnut-shaped patterns depending on the shapes of the focal spot and the absolute laser intensities.Assisted by particle-in-cell simulations,we can achieve measurements of the intensity and the focal spot,and provide immediate feedback to optimize the focal spots for extremely high intensity.
基金the financial support from the Key R&D Projects of Hainan Province(No.ZDYF2024SHFZ065)the Cultivation Research Foundation of Hainan Medical University(No.RZ2300002021 to Dulin Kong,No.RZ2400001591 to Guangkuan Zhao)the Postgraduate Innovation Project of Hainan Medical University(No.HYYB2023A07 to Wenyan Wei)。
文摘An efficient synthesis of α-thioenamine compounds via a K_(2)S_(2)O_(8)-promoted cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction between heterocyclic thiols and enamine esters in an aqueous medium has been developed.The reaction showed good tolerance for enamine esters and heterocyclic thiols with various functional groups,producingα-thioenamine derivatives in moderate to high yields.Mechanistic studies revealed that heterocyclic thiols react with K_(2)S_(2)O_(8) in water to form reactive disulfides in situ,which then react with enamine esters to generate a series ofα-thioenamines.Building on the proposed mechanism,we developed a sulfenylation reaction of enamine esters with disulfides without the need for an oxidant.This oxidant-free approach has been successfully employed to synthesize DNA-taggedα-thioenamine,demonstrating its considerable potential for various synthetic applications.
基金Yongjiang Innovative Individual Introduction of ChinaNingbo Top-talent Team Program,Program for the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Numbers:2022M723253,2023M733597。
文摘MXenes,an innovative class of two-dimensional(2D)materials composed of transition-metal carbides and/or nitrides,have garnered significant interest for their potential in energy storage and conversion applications,which is largely attributed to their modifiable surface terminations,exceptional conductivity,and favorable hydrophilic characteristics.MXenes show various ion transport behaviors in applications like electrochemical catalysis,supercapacitors,and batteries,encompassing processes like electrostatic adsorption of surface ions,redox reactions of ions,and interlayer ion shuttle.This review aims to present a summary of advancements in the comprehension of ion transport behaviors of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXenes.First,the composition,properties,and synthesis techniques of MXenes are concisely summarized.Subsequently,the discussion delves into the mechanisms of ion transport in MXenes during CO_(2)reduction,water splitting,supercapacitor operation,and battery performance,elucidating the factors determining the electrochemical behaviors and efficacy.Furthermore,a compilation of strategies used to optimize ion transport behaviors in MXenes is presented.The article concludes by presenting the challenges and opportunities for these fields to facilitate the continued progress of MXenes in energy-related technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52275116)。
文摘This paper investigates the uniaxial tensile mechanical properties and flow behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloys with equiaxed microstructure at cryogenic temperatures ranging from 77 K to298 K and strain rates from 10^(-4)/s to 10^(-2)/s.Scanning electron microscopy is utilized to analyze the fracture morphology,aiming to reveal the fracture behavior at various temperatures.The applicability of the Zener-Hollomon parameter and the Johnson-Cook model in describing the flow stress of Ti-6Al-4V at cryogenic temperatures is analyzed.Moreover,a constitutive relationship modeling method based on the variational recurrent networks is proposed.Mechanical test results show a significant increase in the strength of equiaxed Ti-6Al-4V alloy under cryogenic conditions while the plastic deformation process is shortened.However,the fracture analysis indicates that even at 77 K,the fracture process is still dominated by ductile fracture,and brittle fracture does not occur within the range of 77 K to 298 K.The fitting results validate the performance of the Zener-Hollomon parameter and the Johnson-Cook model in describing the deformation flow stress of Ti-6Al-4V alloy at cryogenic temperatures.The results also indicate that the proposed constitutive relationship modeling method based on the variational recurrent network performs better,making it a potential method for widespread applications.
文摘目的比较晚期肝细胞癌一线系统治疗药物的有效性和安全性,供临床实践作参考。方法网络检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase和Web of Science等文献数据库,检索时限均为建库至2021年6月,根据预设的纳入标准筛选文献进行网络荟萃分析。结果共纳入12项随机对照研究,合计8058例患者。网络荟萃分析结果显示,相较于索拉非尼,信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗生物类似物(IBI305)、阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗和多纳非尼均降低了患者的死亡风险(HR=0.57,95%CI:0.43~0.75;HR=0.58,95%CI:0.42~0.80;HR=0.83,95%CI:0.70~0.99),该3种治疗方式有最高的P-score值,分别为0.956、0.948和0.764;在有或无“大血管侵犯/肝外转移”的两组患者亚组中,3种治疗方案的排名类似;安全性方面,除安慰剂之外,多纳非尼因不良事件终止研究治疗、减量研究药物和暂停研究治疗的P-score值均位居首位。结论晚期肝细胞癌一线系统治疗药物中,信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗生物类似物、阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗和多纳非尼单药治疗均可显著改善晚期肝细胞癌患者的总生存时间;而多纳非尼的安全性和耐受性更佳。
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFC0600704)the National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars of China (No. 51722401)the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51734001)
文摘Compared with the traditional pyrometallurgical process, copper bioleaching has distinctive advantages of high efficiency and lower cost, enabling efficiently extracts of valuable metal resources from copper sulfides. Moreover, during long-term industrial applications of bioleaching, many regulatory enhancements and technological methods are used to accelerate the interfacial reactions. With advances in microbial genetic and sequencing technologies, bacterial communities and their mechanisms in bioleaching systems have been revealed gradually. The bacterial proliferation and dissolution of sulfide ores by a bacterial community depends on the pH, temperature, oxygen, reaction product regulation, additives, and passivation substances, among other factors. The internal relationship among the influencing factors and the succession of microorganism diversity are discussed and reviewed in this paper. This paper is intended to provide a good reference for studies related to enhanced bioleaching.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51604138)the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines (No. ustbmslab201806)
文摘To solve the problem of low permeability and lower extraction rates of high-mud ores, a surfactant was added as a penetrant to the pregnant leaching solution during column leaching tests. On the basis of the theories of physical chemistry and seepage flow mechanics, the mechanism by which seepage is enhanced under the effects of the surfactant was analyzed. The results show that the action modes of the surfactant were divided into four aspects: changing the wettability of the ore, reducing the viscosity of the leaching solution, adsorbing onto the surface of ore, and enhancing the permeability effect. The findings of column leaching tests demonstrated that permeability was substantially improved by the surfactant. In the later period of leaching, the permeability coefficient was two times higher than that of the control group. Meanwhile, the ore extraction rate increased by approximately 10%. During the leaching process, the surface tension of the solution did not substantially change, and that of the solution with surfactant increased slightly. The kinetics analysis of ore column leaching illustrated that the leaching processes were controlled by both internal diffusion(principal factor) and chemical reaction.
基金Supported by the Committee of Science and Technology of Shanghai,China(No.09411962100)the Health and Family Planning Committee of Pudong New District of Shanghai,China(No.PW2014D-1)
文摘AIM：To assess the safety,efficacy,predictability and stability of implantable collamer lens（ICL） for residual refractive error after corneal refractive surgery.METHODS： This study evaluated 19 eyes of 12 patients who underwent ICL implantation after corneal refractive surgeries.They were followed up for 1y to 5y of uncorrected distance visual acuity（UDVA）,corrected distance visual acuity（CDVA）,manifest refractive error,flat and steep K value,axial length,intraocular pressure,corneal endothelial cell density,adverse events after ICL surgery.RESULTS： The mean follow-up period was 39.05 ±19.22 mo（range,1-5y）.Spherical equivalent refractive error changed from-7.45±3.02 D preoperatively to-0.85±1.10 D 1wk to 1mo after ICL implantation,with the safety and efficacy indices being 1.12 and 1.15,respectively.A total of 52.63% of eyes were within ±0.5 D of the predicted spherical equivalents,73.68% were within ±1.0 D.A trend of mild regression towards myopia with axial elongation after 5y was observed.One eye with mild anterior capsule opacity and retinal detachment 1y after surgery were observed.CONCLUSION： ICL implantation is safe and effective for the correction of residual refractive error after corneal refractive surgeries,especially in moderate to high residual myopia.
