The current work examines the impact of the snow cover extent(SCE)of the Tibetan Plateau(TP)on the interannual variation in the summer(June−July−August)surface air temperature(SAT)over Central Asia(CA)(SAT_CA)during t...The current work examines the impact of the snow cover extent(SCE)of the Tibetan Plateau(TP)on the interannual variation in the summer(June−July−August)surface air temperature(SAT)over Central Asia(CA)(SAT_CA)during the 1979−2019 period.The leading mode of the summer SAT_CA features a same-sign temperature anomalies in CA and explains 62%of the total variance in SAT_CA.The atmospheric circulation associated with a warming SAT_CA is characterized by a pronounced high-pressure system dominating CA.The high-pressure system is accompanied by warm advection as well as descending motion over CA,favoring the warming of the SAT_CA.Analysis shows that the interannual variation in the summer SAT_CA is significantly positively correlated with the April SCE over the central-eastern TP.In April,higher than normal SCE over the central-eastern TP has a pronounced cooling effect on the column of the atmosphere above the TP and can persist until the following early summer.Negative and positive height anomalies appear above and to the west of the TP.In the following months,the perturbation forcing generated by the TP SCE anomalies lies near the western center of the Asian subtropical westerly jet(SWJ),which promotes atmospheric waves in the zonal direction guided by the Asian SWJ.Associated with this atmospheric wave,in the following summer,a significant high-pressure system dominates CA,which is a favorable condition for a warm summer SAT_CA.展开更多
An estimated 0.048-13 million tons are discharged annually into marine systems through rivers and other pathways[1],resulting in about 75-199 million tons of plastic waste,which constitutes 85%of the total weight of m...An estimated 0.048-13 million tons are discharged annually into marine systems through rivers and other pathways[1],resulting in about 75-199 million tons of plastic waste,which constitutes 85%of the total weight of marine debris[2].These plastics decompose into microplastics(MPs)with a diameter of less than 5 mm,contributing to long-term and increasingly severe environmental and health issues.Considering the high carbon content of MPs(38%-92%)[3].展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42075050).
文摘The current work examines the impact of the snow cover extent(SCE)of the Tibetan Plateau(TP)on the interannual variation in the summer(June−July−August)surface air temperature(SAT)over Central Asia(CA)(SAT_CA)during the 1979−2019 period.The leading mode of the summer SAT_CA features a same-sign temperature anomalies in CA and explains 62%of the total variance in SAT_CA.The atmospheric circulation associated with a warming SAT_CA is characterized by a pronounced high-pressure system dominating CA.The high-pressure system is accompanied by warm advection as well as descending motion over CA,favoring the warming of the SAT_CA.Analysis shows that the interannual variation in the summer SAT_CA is significantly positively correlated with the April SCE over the central-eastern TP.In April,higher than normal SCE over the central-eastern TP has a pronounced cooling effect on the column of the atmosphere above the TP and can persist until the following early summer.Negative and positive height anomalies appear above and to the west of the TP.In the following months,the perturbation forcing generated by the TP SCE anomalies lies near the western center of the Asian subtropical westerly jet(SWJ),which promotes atmospheric waves in the zonal direction guided by the Asian SWJ.Associated with this atmospheric wave,in the following summer,a significant high-pressure system dominates CA,which is a favorable condition for a warm summer SAT_CA.
基金supported by the Yellow River Scientific Expedition Special Project of the State Key Laboratory of Loess Science(E352010000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41991252,12405336,42330114,42472253,and 22406145)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(2024JC-YBQN-0298).
文摘An estimated 0.048-13 million tons are discharged annually into marine systems through rivers and other pathways[1],resulting in about 75-199 million tons of plastic waste,which constitutes 85%of the total weight of marine debris[2].These plastics decompose into microplastics(MPs)with a diameter of less than 5 mm,contributing to long-term and increasingly severe environmental and health issues.Considering the high carbon content of MPs(38%-92%)[3].
