Converting biomass to syngas(CO+H_(2))is an accessible way to incorporate renewable carbon into the sustainable chemical industry.However,due to insufficient C–C bond breaking even at high temperature,biomass reformi...Converting biomass to syngas(CO+H_(2))is an accessible way to incorporate renewable carbon into the sustainable chemical industry.However,due to insufficient C–C bond breaking even at high temperature,biomass reforming produces syngas with a reduced yield accompanied by the formation of tar,char,and complex side-products.Herein,irradiation of perovskite La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.2)Fe_(0.75)Ru_(0.05)O_(3-δ)(LSCFR)by concentrated sunlight activates thermodynamically stable lattice oxygen,thereby increasing the fraction of activated lattice oxygen from 12%to 43%.This enhanced oxidation ability enables biomass conversion to CO_x in 96%yield alongside H_(2) production.Sunlight irradiation also facilitates lattice oxygen replenishment via CO_(2) reduction,allowing dry photoreforming of biomass over LSCFR.In a flow apparatus,the dry photoreforming affords CO and H_(2) in 80%and 41%yields,respectively,producing 0.15 and 0.06 m~3 of CO and H_(2) in 20 h.This work reveals the light-responsive oxidation ability of oxides for the sustainable refining of native biomass.展开更多
A sensitivity-enhanced hot-wire anemometer based on a cladding-etched optical fiber Bragg grating(FBG)coated with a layer of silver film and optically heated by using a 1480nm laser diode is demonstrated.The silver fi...A sensitivity-enhanced hot-wire anemometer based on a cladding-etched optical fiber Bragg grating(FBG)coated with a layer of silver film and optically heated by using a 1480nm laser diode is demonstrated.The silver film absorbs the laser power to heat the FBG to a certain high temperature and the airflow cools down the FBG hot-wire with the cooling effect and hence the Bragg wavelength of the FBG is determined by the airflow velocity.Experimental measurement results show that the heating efficiency of the FBG hot wire is improved by 3.8times in magnitude by etching the fiber cladding from 125μm down to 73.4μm,and the achieved airflow velocity sensitivities,under a laser power of 200mW,are–3180pm/(m/s),–889pm/(m/s),–268pm/(m/s),and–8.7pm/(m/s)at different airflow velocities of 0.1m/s,0.5m/s,1.5m/s,and 17m/s,respectively.In comparison,the sensitivities are only–2193 pm/(m/s),–567 pm/(m/s),–161 pm/(m/s),and–4.9pm/(m/s)for the reference anemometer without cladding etching even at a much higher heating laser power of 530mW.These results prove that the method by using a cladding-etched FBG to improve sensitivity of FBG-based hot-wire anemometers works and the sensitivity is improved significantly.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFB4206302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22025206,22172157)+3 种基金the Dalian Innovation Support Plan for High Level Talents(2022RG13)the Department of Science&Technology of Liaoning province(2024021100-JH3/102)DICP(DICP I202326)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association(YIPA)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2023192)。
文摘Converting biomass to syngas(CO+H_(2))is an accessible way to incorporate renewable carbon into the sustainable chemical industry.However,due to insufficient C–C bond breaking even at high temperature,biomass reforming produces syngas with a reduced yield accompanied by the formation of tar,char,and complex side-products.Herein,irradiation of perovskite La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.2)Fe_(0.75)Ru_(0.05)O_(3-δ)(LSCFR)by concentrated sunlight activates thermodynamically stable lattice oxygen,thereby increasing the fraction of activated lattice oxygen from 12%to 43%.This enhanced oxidation ability enables biomass conversion to CO_x in 96%yield alongside H_(2) production.Sunlight irradiation also facilitates lattice oxygen replenishment via CO_(2) reduction,allowing dry photoreforming of biomass over LSCFR.In a flow apparatus,the dry photoreforming affords CO and H_(2) in 80%and 41%yields,respectively,producing 0.15 and 0.06 m~3 of CO and H_(2) in 20 h.This work reveals the light-responsive oxidation ability of oxides for the sustainable refining of native biomass.
基金Sponsor and financial support acknowledgments are placed here.This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFB1805804),National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11974083),Open Projects Foundation(Grant No.SKLD1905)of State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology(YOFC),and the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams(Grant No.2019ZT08X340).
文摘A sensitivity-enhanced hot-wire anemometer based on a cladding-etched optical fiber Bragg grating(FBG)coated with a layer of silver film and optically heated by using a 1480nm laser diode is demonstrated.The silver film absorbs the laser power to heat the FBG to a certain high temperature and the airflow cools down the FBG hot-wire with the cooling effect and hence the Bragg wavelength of the FBG is determined by the airflow velocity.Experimental measurement results show that the heating efficiency of the FBG hot wire is improved by 3.8times in magnitude by etching the fiber cladding from 125μm down to 73.4μm,and the achieved airflow velocity sensitivities,under a laser power of 200mW,are–3180pm/(m/s),–889pm/(m/s),–268pm/(m/s),and–8.7pm/(m/s)at different airflow velocities of 0.1m/s,0.5m/s,1.5m/s,and 17m/s,respectively.In comparison,the sensitivities are only–2193 pm/(m/s),–567 pm/(m/s),–161 pm/(m/s),and–4.9pm/(m/s)for the reference anemometer without cladding etching even at a much higher heating laser power of 530mW.These results prove that the method by using a cladding-etched FBG to improve sensitivity of FBG-based hot-wire anemometers works and the sensitivity is improved significantly.
