With the Chinese reform and opening-up,especially when entering the 90s of the 20th century,the internationalization process of China's economy is accelerated constantly,and at the same time the modernization of C...With the Chinese reform and opening-up,especially when entering the 90s of the 20th century,the internationalization process of China's economy is accelerated constantly,and at the same time the modernization of China's agriculture is also accelerated constantly.It makes China's agriculture modernization under the background of internationalization.Therefore,the integration of China's agricultural modernization and internationalization becomes an inevitable choice in developing China's modem agriculture.This paper takes the practice of agricultural modernization and internationalization in the area of eastern Shandong province as a basis and uses Panel Data model to analyze the interact relationship between agricultural modernization and internationalization quantificationally with the data of the seven cities in the area of eastern Shandong.The result indicates that agricultural modernization and internationalization have the relationship of interact development.展开更多
Understanding soil disturbance behaviors under the impact of the winged subsoiler is critical for designing or optimizing the winged subsoiler(a primary subsoiling tool).In this study,a soil-winged subsoiler interacti...Understanding soil disturbance behaviors under the impact of the winged subsoiler is critical for designing or optimizing the winged subsoiler(a primary subsoiling tool).In this study,a soil-winged subsoiler interaction model was developed and the effects of winged subsoiler on soil disturbance behaviors were investigated using the discrete element method(DEM)simulations and lab soil-bin tests.The results showed that wings mainly affected the disturbance range and fragmentation degree of soil above them.The draught forces of share section(SS),arc section in the hardpan(ASHP),arc section in the top layer(ASTL)and line section(LS)were accounted for 69.53%,25.22%,4.73%and 0.52%of the total draught force of winged subsoiler;the lateral disturbance range from high to low of the soil at different depths followed the ranking:top layer(TL),hardpan disturbed by arc section(HDAS)and hardpan disturbed by share section(HDSS).Wings had the greatest influence on the draught force of ASHP.Adding wings to an arc-shaped subsoiler increased the disturbance areas of HDAS,TL and HDSS by 47.52%,7.74%and 4.59%,respectively,but meanwhile increased the total draught force by 36%.Compared with a non-winged subsoiler,winged subsoiler had higher soil looseness(15.83%),soil disturbance coefficient(58.59%),furrow width(448.65 mm)and soil disturbance area ratio(0.3835),but poorer soil surface flatness(19.79 mm)and lower soil loosening efficiency(39.35 mm²/N).This study provided critical information for optimizing winged subsoilers on aspects of improving soil loosening effectiveness and reducing draught force.展开更多
Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells(PVSK/Si TSCs)have emerged as a promising photovoltaic technology toward achieving a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)along with cost‐effective manufacturing.The PCE of PVSK/S...Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells(PVSK/Si TSCs)have emerged as a promising photovoltaic technology toward achieving a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)along with cost‐effective manufacturing.The PCE of PVSK/Si TSCs has skyrocketed to a certified 33.9%,surpassing the theoretical limit of any single‐junction solar cell.This achievement is partially attributed to ad-vancements in surface textures for Si bottom cells.In this regard,we present an overview of the recent developments concerning surface textures of Si in monolithic PVSK/Si TSCs,including planar,pyramid texture,and nanotexture.Following,the prevailing perovskite deposition methods on these textures are thoroughly discussed,and the corresponding challenges are evaluated.Addi-tionally,we provide a summary of the advanced morphological,structural,optical,and electrical characterization techniques being utilized for theses textures.Finally,the prospects for further development of PVSK/Si TSCs are outlined,including designing novel textures with industrial compatibility,developing perovskite deposition methods with scalability,and exploring more pertinent characterization techniques for textured PVSK/Si TSCs.展开更多
Metal-organic framework/organosilica hybrid membranes on tubular ceramic substrates have shown great potential for the implementation of membrane technology in practical gas separation projects due to their higher per...Metal-organic framework/organosilica hybrid membranes on tubular ceramic substrates have shown great potential for the implementation of membrane technology in practical gas separation projects due to their higher permeance compared to commercial polymers.However,the selectivities of the reported membranes are moderate.Here,we have incorporated urea-modulated metal-organic frameworks into organosilica membranes to greatly enhance its separation performance.The urea-modulated metal-organic frameworks exhibit less-defined edges of crystallographic facets and high defect density.They can be well-dispersed in the organosilica layer,which substantially suppresses the interfacial defects between metal-organic frameworks and organosilica,which is beneficial for improving the selectivity of membranes for gas separation.The results have shown that the enhanced ideal selectivity of H_(2)/CH_(4) was 165 and that of CO_(2)/CH_(4) was 43,with H_(2) permeance of about 1.25×10^(−6) mol·m^(−2)·s^(−1)·Pa^(−1) and CO_(2) permeance of 3.27×10^(−7) mol·m^(−2)·s^(−1)·Pa^(−1) at 0.2 MPa and 25℃.In conclusion,the high level of hybrid membranes can be used to separate H_(2)(or CO_(2))from the binary gas mixture H_(2)/CH_(4)(or CO_(2)/CH_(4)),which is important for gas separation in practical applications.Moreover,the simple and feasible modulation of metal-organic framework is a promising strategy to tune different metal-organic frameworks for membranes according to the actual demands.展开更多
In order to explore the role of cyclin-dependent kinase 4(cdk4)in neurodegenerative diseases,lentiviral-delivered RNA interference(RNAi)was used to silence the expression of the murine cdk4 gene in vitro.Three cdk4-sh...In order to explore the role of cyclin-dependent kinase 4(cdk4)in neurodegenerative diseases,lentiviral-delivered RNA interference(RNAi)was used to silence the expression of the murine cdk4 gene in vitro.Three cdk4-shRNAs of mouse and a negative sequence were designed.After synthesis and annealing,double strand oligonucleo-tides were cloned into a linearized pSIH1-H1-copGFP shRNA vector.It was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and sequencing that three pairs of cdk4-shRNAs and a negative shRNA were correctly inserted into the pSIH1-H1-copGFP vector.The above recombi-nants were transfected by lipofectamine into BV-2 cells.The gene silencing efficacy rates of the 3 targets were compared by Western blotting.The cdk4-siRNA2 was the most effective in silencing cdk4.The optimized pSIH1-cdk4-siRNA2 and pSIH-negative-siRNA were co-transfected into 293T cells with the lentiviral packaging plasmids respectively.The culture supernatant was har-vested and condensed at the 24th and 48th h after transfection.Interference efficiency of the lentivirus expressing cdk4-siRNA was determined by reverse transcriptase-PCR(RT-PCR)and Western blotting in BV-2 cells.Lentivector-mediated RNAi could efficiently down-regulate the expression of the murine cdk4 gene in vitro,which provides a potential tool for studying and treating cdk4-related diseases.展开更多
文摘With the Chinese reform and opening-up,especially when entering the 90s of the 20th century,the internationalization process of China's economy is accelerated constantly,and at the same time the modernization of China's agriculture is also accelerated constantly.It makes China's agriculture modernization under the background of internationalization.Therefore,the integration of China's agricultural modernization and internationalization becomes an inevitable choice in developing China's modem agriculture.This paper takes the practice of agricultural modernization and internationalization in the area of eastern Shandong province as a basis and uses Panel Data model to analyze the interact relationship between agricultural modernization and internationalization quantificationally with the data of the seven cities in the area of eastern Shandong.The result indicates that agricultural modernization and internationalization have the relationship of interact development.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance received from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFD0200601,2016YFD020060101)and the Key Industry Chain Innovation Project of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2018ZDCXL-NY-03-06).
文摘Understanding soil disturbance behaviors under the impact of the winged subsoiler is critical for designing or optimizing the winged subsoiler(a primary subsoiling tool).In this study,a soil-winged subsoiler interaction model was developed and the effects of winged subsoiler on soil disturbance behaviors were investigated using the discrete element method(DEM)simulations and lab soil-bin tests.The results showed that wings mainly affected the disturbance range and fragmentation degree of soil above them.The draught forces of share section(SS),arc section in the hardpan(ASHP),arc section in the top layer(ASTL)and line section(LS)were accounted for 69.53%,25.22%,4.73%and 0.52%of the total draught force of winged subsoiler;the lateral disturbance range from high to low of the soil at different depths followed the ranking:top layer(TL),hardpan disturbed by arc section(HDAS)and hardpan disturbed by share section(HDSS).Wings had the greatest influence on the draught force of ASHP.Adding wings to an arc-shaped subsoiler increased the disturbance areas of HDAS,TL and HDSS by 47.52%,7.74%and 4.59%,respectively,but meanwhile increased the total draught force by 36%.Compared with a non-winged subsoiler,winged subsoiler had higher soil looseness(15.83%),soil disturbance coefficient(58.59%),furrow width(448.65 mm)and soil disturbance area ratio(0.3835),but poorer soil surface flatness(19.79 mm)and lower soil loosening efficiency(39.35 mm²/N).This study provided critical information for optimizing winged subsoilers on aspects of improving soil loosening effectiveness and reducing draught force.
基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:LY24F040003Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province,Grant/Award Numbers:2022C01215,2024C01092+3 种基金Baima Lake Laboratory Joint Funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:LBMHD24E020002National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:62204245,U23A200098China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2023M743620Key Research and Development Program of Ningbo,Grant/Award Number:2023Z151。
文摘Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells(PVSK/Si TSCs)have emerged as a promising photovoltaic technology toward achieving a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)along with cost‐effective manufacturing.The PCE of PVSK/Si TSCs has skyrocketed to a certified 33.9%,surpassing the theoretical limit of any single‐junction solar cell.This achievement is partially attributed to ad-vancements in surface textures for Si bottom cells.In this regard,we present an overview of the recent developments concerning surface textures of Si in monolithic PVSK/Si TSCs,including planar,pyramid texture,and nanotexture.Following,the prevailing perovskite deposition methods on these textures are thoroughly discussed,and the corresponding challenges are evaluated.Addi-tionally,we provide a summary of the advanced morphological,structural,optical,and electrical characterization techniques being utilized for theses textures.Finally,the prospects for further development of PVSK/Si TSCs are outlined,including designing novel textures with industrial compatibility,developing perovskite deposition methods with scalability,and exploring more pertinent characterization techniques for textured PVSK/Si TSCs.
基金supports of this work from“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2022C01029)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21978309)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.LY21E020008)Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Acadenry of Sciences(Grant No.2020300)Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2023J354)Ningbo S&T Innovation 2025 Major Special Program(Grant No.2020Z036).
文摘Metal-organic framework/organosilica hybrid membranes on tubular ceramic substrates have shown great potential for the implementation of membrane technology in practical gas separation projects due to their higher permeance compared to commercial polymers.However,the selectivities of the reported membranes are moderate.Here,we have incorporated urea-modulated metal-organic frameworks into organosilica membranes to greatly enhance its separation performance.The urea-modulated metal-organic frameworks exhibit less-defined edges of crystallographic facets and high defect density.They can be well-dispersed in the organosilica layer,which substantially suppresses the interfacial defects between metal-organic frameworks and organosilica,which is beneficial for improving the selectivity of membranes for gas separation.The results have shown that the enhanced ideal selectivity of H_(2)/CH_(4) was 165 and that of CO_(2)/CH_(4) was 43,with H_(2) permeance of about 1.25×10^(−6) mol·m^(−2)·s^(−1)·Pa^(−1) and CO_(2) permeance of 3.27×10^(−7) mol·m^(−2)·s^(−1)·Pa^(−1) at 0.2 MPa and 25℃.In conclusion,the high level of hybrid membranes can be used to separate H_(2)(or CO_(2))from the binary gas mixture H_(2)/CH_(4)(or CO_(2)/CH_(4)),which is important for gas separation in practical applications.Moreover,the simple and feasible modulation of metal-organic framework is a promising strategy to tune different metal-organic frameworks for membranes according to the actual demands.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.30400141 and 30670737).
文摘In order to explore the role of cyclin-dependent kinase 4(cdk4)in neurodegenerative diseases,lentiviral-delivered RNA interference(RNAi)was used to silence the expression of the murine cdk4 gene in vitro.Three cdk4-shRNAs of mouse and a negative sequence were designed.After synthesis and annealing,double strand oligonucleo-tides were cloned into a linearized pSIH1-H1-copGFP shRNA vector.It was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and sequencing that three pairs of cdk4-shRNAs and a negative shRNA were correctly inserted into the pSIH1-H1-copGFP vector.The above recombi-nants were transfected by lipofectamine into BV-2 cells.The gene silencing efficacy rates of the 3 targets were compared by Western blotting.The cdk4-siRNA2 was the most effective in silencing cdk4.The optimized pSIH1-cdk4-siRNA2 and pSIH-negative-siRNA were co-transfected into 293T cells with the lentiviral packaging plasmids respectively.The culture supernatant was har-vested and condensed at the 24th and 48th h after transfection.Interference efficiency of the lentivirus expressing cdk4-siRNA was determined by reverse transcriptase-PCR(RT-PCR)and Western blotting in BV-2 cells.Lentivector-mediated RNAi could efficiently down-regulate the expression of the murine cdk4 gene in vitro,which provides a potential tool for studying and treating cdk4-related diseases.
