Poland syndrome(PS)is a rare congenital condition characterized by unilateral absence or underdevelopment of the pectoralis major muscle,frequently accompanied by breast and chest wall anomalies.We report the case of ...Poland syndrome(PS)is a rare congenital condition characterized by unilateral absence or underdevelopment of the pectoralis major muscle,frequently accompanied by breast and chest wall anomalies.We report the case of an 18-year-old Chinese female diagnosed with PS complicated by contralateral macromastia who presented with significant breast asymmetry.Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left breast volume of 618.90 mL and a right breast volume of 1137.04 mL.The patient underwent a staged reconstruction that included a right breast reduction mammaplasty and three sessions of autologous fat grafting to the left breast.Postoperative imaging 3 months after the final procedure confirmed near symmetry,with volumes measuring 831.37 mL(left)and 841.07 mL(right).The clinical follow-up demonstrated stable results and no complications.This case underscores the importance of individualized surgical planning,precise volumetric assessment,and the role of fat grafting in achieving satisfactory aesthetic outcomes in patients with PS and complex breast deformities.展开更多
Current breast reconstruction evaluations mostly focus on static cosmetic analysis as a measure of the clinical outcomes.Moreover,it is essential to consider the dynamic changes in the reconstructed breast alongside a...Current breast reconstruction evaluations mostly focus on static cosmetic analysis as a measure of the clinical outcomes.Moreover,it is essential to consider the dynamic changes in the reconstructed breast alongside assessments of aesthetic symmetry,functional restoration,complication rates,and long-term stability of the reconstruction.This study aimed to assess the mobility of the reconstructed breast following various breast reconstruction techniques,specifically by comparing deep inferior epigastric perforator(DIEP) flaps and pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous(TRAM) flaps.We conducted a longitudinal case study to investigate the changes in breast movement resulting from different surgical interventions.The comparison showed that DIEP flap reconstruction was more likely to achieve superior breast mobility outcomes than TRAM flap reconstruction.For a better breast aesthetic outcome,it is fundamental to improve the awareness of the dynamic evaluation of the reconstructed breast at the surgical strategy level.展开更多
Background:Breast reconstruction is an effective technique to rebuild the appearance of the breasts in patients after mastectomy and improves the prognosis.The current study aimed to compare and analyze willingness fo...Background:Breast reconstruction is an effective technique to rebuild the appearance of the breasts in patients after mastectomy and improves the prognosis.The current study aimed to compare and analyze willingness for breast reconstruction after breast cancer between populations in China and the United States,from the perspective of social concern,using big data analysis.We also aimed to explore factors affecting surgical selection and to identify methods that can improve social cognition and acceptance of breast reconstruction.Methods:Using Baidu and Google,two representative Internet search engines in China and the United States as research tools,and using big data search volume as the benchmark,we compared and analyzed breast reconstruction willingness and attention characteristics between Chinese and American people,based on search heat,geographical distribution,age and sex,keyword distribution,ethnic group,and social development degree.Results:In both the long-term and short-term,Chinese people paid more attention towards searching about breast cancer,but less attention to breast reconstruction after breast cancer surgery.However,in both the short-term and long-term,people from the United States paid more attention towards breast cancer and breast reconstruction with the help of the Internet,showing a synchronous change relationship.There was a large regional difference in the search volume for breast cancer among the Chinese population,while no significant regional differences were noted in the search volume for breast cancer in the United States.However,a large regional difference was observed in the search volume for breast reconstruction between the two countries;people in the coastal and economically developed areas paid more attention to it.Most people who paid attention to breast reconstruction in China were women aged 20–39 years,while the attention among men was low.Search keywords were also limited to breast cancer-related information.However,between Asians and European Americans,Americans paid more attention to breast cancer and were affected by regional development,religious beliefs,and health facilities.Conclusion:Attention towards breast reconstruction after breast cancer was lower in the Chinese population than in the American population,and this difference was closely related to the level of regional development.There is insufficient information on breast reconstruction after breast cancer in recent Internet media.In addition to strengthening communication in clinics,media education is important to improve the cognitive level and social awareness of patients and their families,which is conducive to breast reconstruction.展开更多
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide.In China,the incidence rate of breast cancer among women has been showing an upward trend and is higher in urban ...Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide.In China,the incidence rate of breast cancer among women has been showing an upward trend and is higher in urban areas.Decades of clinical research have made considerable progress,which is attributable to improved mastectomy and maintenance of a well-perfused skin flap after mastectomy.An in-depth insight into the nature of breast cancer will contribute to reduced overall mortality and prolonged survival.In China,there is an increasing awareness of the importance of breast reconstruction in improving quality of life(QoL)and life expectancy.There has been progress in breast reconstruction surgical procedures due to demand from women.Clinicians should be aware that breast reconstruction is not only a medical problem but also a surgical problem.In the following sections,we present the epitome of advances in implant-based breast reconstruction.展开更多
Dear Editor,Age-dependent adipose tissue malfunction raises the risk of diseases like diabetes,cardiovascular disease,and even cancer by contributing to metabolic decline,heterotopic fat storage,and chronic systemic i...Dear Editor,Age-dependent adipose tissue malfunction raises the risk of diseases like diabetes,cardiovascular disease,and even cancer by contributing to metabolic decline,heterotopic fat storage,and chronic systemic inflammation.1 Understanding adipose tissue aging requires in-depth knowledge of the cellular and molecular properties of various adipose tissue cell types.Although the heterogeneity of the cell population during mouse aging has been studied,2 little is known about the cellular and molecular basis of human adipose tissues aging.展开更多
Despite advancements in several malignancies,the treatment atlas of natural killer(NK)cell therapy for pancreatic cancer remains inadequate,and the dynamic immune landscape underlying the various responses is still in...Despite advancements in several malignancies,the treatment atlas of natural killer(NK)cell therapy for pancreatic cancer remains inadequate,and the dynamic immune landscape underlying the various responses is still incompletely understood.This phase 1b/2 trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of allogeneic NK cell therapy combined with gemcitabine and S-1 as a first-line treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer(APC)and explored the dynamic responsive immune landscape(ChiCTR1900021764).The administration of 1×109 to 8×109 NK cells to 24 patients was well tolerated,with no graft-versus-host disease or dose-limiting toxicity.Among the 19 evaluable patients,the objective response rate was 31.6%,and the disease control rate was 73.7%.The median progression-free survival was 6.6 months,and the overall survival was 10.8 months.Further longitudinal single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)of 19 paired-blood samples revealed an increased proportion of certain NK cell subsets(c4-ZEB2,c5-IL7,c6-IL15,c10-NCR3,and c11-TNFSF8)and T-cell subsets(CD8+Teff and CD4+Tem)in responders,characterized by increased expression of proinflammatory and effector molecules.Bulk T-cell receptor(TCR)Vβrepertoire sequencing of responders indicated potential T-cell clonal expansion,manifested as a greater abundance of large and hyperexpanded clonotypes.Our first-in-human trial demonstrated its safety and potentially preliminary efficacy,warranting further clinical evaluation.Multiomic profiling identified specific circulating NK and T-cell subsets potentially associated with clinical outcomes,providing novel insights into the dynamic transcriptional underpinnings of the immune landscape in response to NK cell-based therapy.展开更多
The rearranged during transfection(RET)gene encodes a protein tyrosine kinase.RET alterations by point mutations and gene fusions were found in diverse cancers.RET fusions allow abnormal expression and activation of t...The rearranged during transfection(RET)gene encodes a protein tyrosine kinase.RET alterations by point mutations and gene fusions were found in diverse cancers.RET fusions allow abnormal expression and activation of the oncogenic kinase,whereas only a few of RET point mutations found in human cancers are known oncogenic drivers.Earlier studies of RET-targeted therapy utilized multi-targeted protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)with RET inhibitor activity.These multi-targeted TKIs often led to high-grade adverse events and were subject to resistance caused by the gatekeeper mutations.Recently,two potent and selective RET TKIs,pralsetinib(BLU-667)and selpercatinib(LOXO-292),were developed.High response rates to these selective RET inhibitors across multiple forms of RET alterations in different types of cancers were observed in clinical trials,demonstrating the RET dependence in human cancers harboring these RET lesions.Pralsetinib and selpercatinib were effective in inhibiting RETV804L/M gatekeeper mutants.However,adaptive mutations that cause resistance to pralsetinib or selpercatinib at the solvent front RETG810 residue have been found,pointing to the need for the development of the next-generation of RET TKIs.展开更多
The rearranged during transfection(RET)is a receptor protein tyrosine kinase.Oncogenic RET fusions or mutations are found most often in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and in thyroid cancer,but also increasingly in v...The rearranged during transfection(RET)is a receptor protein tyrosine kinase.Oncogenic RET fusions or mutations are found most often in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and in thyroid cancer,but also increasingly in various types of cancers at low rates.In the last few years,two potent and selective RET protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs),pralsetinib(BLU-667)and selpercatinib(LOXO-292,LY3527723)were developed and received regulatory approval.Although pralsetinib and selpercatinib gave high overall response rates(ORRs),<10%of patients achieved a complete response(CR).The RET TKI-tolerated residual tumors inevitably develop resistance by secondary target mutations,acquired alternative oncogenes,or MET amplification.RET G810 mutations located at the kinase solvent front site were identified as the major on-target mechanism of acquired resistance to both selpercatinib and pralsetinib.Several next-generation of RET TKIs capable of inhibiting the selpercatinib/pralsetinib-resistant RET mutants have progressed to clinical trials.However,it is likely that new TKI-adapted RET mutations will emerge to cause resistance to these next-generation of RET TKIs.Solving the problem requires a better understanding of the multiple mechanisms that support the RET TKI-tolerated persisters to identify a converging point of vulnerability to devise an effective co-treatment to eliminate the residual tumors.展开更多
文摘Poland syndrome(PS)is a rare congenital condition characterized by unilateral absence or underdevelopment of the pectoralis major muscle,frequently accompanied by breast and chest wall anomalies.We report the case of an 18-year-old Chinese female diagnosed with PS complicated by contralateral macromastia who presented with significant breast asymmetry.Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left breast volume of 618.90 mL and a right breast volume of 1137.04 mL.The patient underwent a staged reconstruction that included a right breast reduction mammaplasty and three sessions of autologous fat grafting to the left breast.Postoperative imaging 3 months after the final procedure confirmed near symmetry,with volumes measuring 831.37 mL(left)and 841.07 mL(right).The clinical follow-up demonstrated stable results and no complications.This case underscores the importance of individualized surgical planning,precise volumetric assessment,and the role of fat grafting in achieving satisfactory aesthetic outcomes in patients with PS and complex breast deformities.
文摘Current breast reconstruction evaluations mostly focus on static cosmetic analysis as a measure of the clinical outcomes.Moreover,it is essential to consider the dynamic changes in the reconstructed breast alongside assessments of aesthetic symmetry,functional restoration,complication rates,and long-term stability of the reconstruction.This study aimed to assess the mobility of the reconstructed breast following various breast reconstruction techniques,specifically by comparing deep inferior epigastric perforator(DIEP) flaps and pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous(TRAM) flaps.We conducted a longitudinal case study to investigate the changes in breast movement resulting from different surgical interventions.The comparison showed that DIEP flap reconstruction was more likely to achieve superior breast mobility outcomes than TRAM flap reconstruction.For a better breast aesthetic outcome,it is fundamental to improve the awareness of the dynamic evaluation of the reconstructed breast at the surgical strategy level.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.:81901958)Zhejiang Provincial National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.:LY18H150004,LY19H150004,and LY20H150010).
文摘Background:Breast reconstruction is an effective technique to rebuild the appearance of the breasts in patients after mastectomy and improves the prognosis.The current study aimed to compare and analyze willingness for breast reconstruction after breast cancer between populations in China and the United States,from the perspective of social concern,using big data analysis.We also aimed to explore factors affecting surgical selection and to identify methods that can improve social cognition and acceptance of breast reconstruction.Methods:Using Baidu and Google,two representative Internet search engines in China and the United States as research tools,and using big data search volume as the benchmark,we compared and analyzed breast reconstruction willingness and attention characteristics between Chinese and American people,based on search heat,geographical distribution,age and sex,keyword distribution,ethnic group,and social development degree.Results:In both the long-term and short-term,Chinese people paid more attention towards searching about breast cancer,but less attention to breast reconstruction after breast cancer surgery.However,in both the short-term and long-term,people from the United States paid more attention towards breast cancer and breast reconstruction with the help of the Internet,showing a synchronous change relationship.There was a large regional difference in the search volume for breast cancer among the Chinese population,while no significant regional differences were noted in the search volume for breast cancer in the United States.However,a large regional difference was observed in the search volume for breast reconstruction between the two countries;people in the coastal and economically developed areas paid more attention to it.Most people who paid attention to breast reconstruction in China were women aged 20–39 years,while the attention among men was low.Search keywords were also limited to breast cancer-related information.However,between Asians and European Americans,Americans paid more attention to breast cancer and were affected by regional development,religious beliefs,and health facilities.Conclusion:Attention towards breast reconstruction after breast cancer was lower in the Chinese population than in the American population,and this difference was closely related to the level of regional development.There is insufficient information on breast reconstruction after breast cancer in recent Internet media.In addition to strengthening communication in clinics,media education is important to improve the cognitive level and social awareness of patients and their families,which is conducive to breast reconstruction.
文摘Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide.In China,the incidence rate of breast cancer among women has been showing an upward trend and is higher in urban areas.Decades of clinical research have made considerable progress,which is attributable to improved mastectomy and maintenance of a well-perfused skin flap after mastectomy.An in-depth insight into the nature of breast cancer will contribute to reduced overall mortality and prolonged survival.In China,there is an increasing awareness of the importance of breast reconstruction in improving quality of life(QoL)and life expectancy.There has been progress in breast reconstruction surgical procedures due to demand from women.Clinicians should be aware that breast reconstruction is not only a medical problem but also a surgical problem.In the following sections,we present the epitome of advances in implant-based breast reconstruction.
基金the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(T2121004,31830029)。
文摘Dear Editor,Age-dependent adipose tissue malfunction raises the risk of diseases like diabetes,cardiovascular disease,and even cancer by contributing to metabolic decline,heterotopic fat storage,and chronic systemic inflammation.1 Understanding adipose tissue aging requires in-depth knowledge of the cellular and molecular properties of various adipose tissue cell types.Although the heterogeneity of the cell population during mouse aging has been studied,2 little is known about the cellular and molecular basis of human adipose tissues aging.
基金supported by National High-level Hospital Clinical Research Funding[Grant Nos.BJ-2025-122,BJ-2023-209,and BJ-2025-151]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant Nos.82373272 and 52273281]the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Science(CIFMS)[Grant Nos.2021-I2M-1-050].
文摘Despite advancements in several malignancies,the treatment atlas of natural killer(NK)cell therapy for pancreatic cancer remains inadequate,and the dynamic immune landscape underlying the various responses is still incompletely understood.This phase 1b/2 trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of allogeneic NK cell therapy combined with gemcitabine and S-1 as a first-line treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer(APC)and explored the dynamic responsive immune landscape(ChiCTR1900021764).The administration of 1×109 to 8×109 NK cells to 24 patients was well tolerated,with no graft-versus-host disease or dose-limiting toxicity.Among the 19 evaluable patients,the objective response rate was 31.6%,and the disease control rate was 73.7%.The median progression-free survival was 6.6 months,and the overall survival was 10.8 months.Further longitudinal single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)of 19 paired-blood samples revealed an increased proportion of certain NK cell subsets(c4-ZEB2,c5-IL7,c6-IL15,c10-NCR3,and c11-TNFSF8)and T-cell subsets(CD8+Teff and CD4+Tem)in responders,characterized by increased expression of proinflammatory and effector molecules.Bulk T-cell receptor(TCR)Vβrepertoire sequencing of responders indicated potential T-cell clonal expansion,manifested as a greater abundance of large and hyperexpanded clonotypes.Our first-in-human trial demonstrated its safety and potentially preliminary efficacy,warranting further clinical evaluation.Multiomic profiling identified specific circulating NK and T-cell subsets potentially associated with clinical outcomes,providing novel insights into the dynamic transcriptional underpinnings of the immune landscape in response to NK cell-based therapy.
文摘The rearranged during transfection(RET)gene encodes a protein tyrosine kinase.RET alterations by point mutations and gene fusions were found in diverse cancers.RET fusions allow abnormal expression and activation of the oncogenic kinase,whereas only a few of RET point mutations found in human cancers are known oncogenic drivers.Earlier studies of RET-targeted therapy utilized multi-targeted protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)with RET inhibitor activity.These multi-targeted TKIs often led to high-grade adverse events and were subject to resistance caused by the gatekeeper mutations.Recently,two potent and selective RET TKIs,pralsetinib(BLU-667)and selpercatinib(LOXO-292),were developed.High response rates to these selective RET inhibitors across multiple forms of RET alterations in different types of cancers were observed in clinical trials,demonstrating the RET dependence in human cancers harboring these RET lesions.Pralsetinib and selpercatinib were effective in inhibiting RETV804L/M gatekeeper mutants.However,adaptive mutations that cause resistance to pralsetinib or selpercatinib at the solvent front RETG810 residue have been found,pointing to the need for the development of the next-generation of RET TKIs.
基金Cancer research in Jie Wu’s laboratory was supported by NIH grants R01CA242845,R01CA273168,a PHF SEED grantOklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology(OCAST)grant HR19-026Additional support was provided by the Oklahoma Tobacco Settlement Endowment Trust,and the Peggy and Charles Stephenson Endowment,and NIH grants P30CA225520 and P20GM103639 to the institution.
文摘The rearranged during transfection(RET)is a receptor protein tyrosine kinase.Oncogenic RET fusions or mutations are found most often in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and in thyroid cancer,but also increasingly in various types of cancers at low rates.In the last few years,two potent and selective RET protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs),pralsetinib(BLU-667)and selpercatinib(LOXO-292,LY3527723)were developed and received regulatory approval.Although pralsetinib and selpercatinib gave high overall response rates(ORRs),<10%of patients achieved a complete response(CR).The RET TKI-tolerated residual tumors inevitably develop resistance by secondary target mutations,acquired alternative oncogenes,or MET amplification.RET G810 mutations located at the kinase solvent front site were identified as the major on-target mechanism of acquired resistance to both selpercatinib and pralsetinib.Several next-generation of RET TKIs capable of inhibiting the selpercatinib/pralsetinib-resistant RET mutants have progressed to clinical trials.However,it is likely that new TKI-adapted RET mutations will emerge to cause resistance to these next-generation of RET TKIs.Solving the problem requires a better understanding of the multiple mechanisms that support the RET TKI-tolerated persisters to identify a converging point of vulnerability to devise an effective co-treatment to eliminate the residual tumors.
