To address the shortage of public datasets for customs X-ray images of contraband and the difficulties in deploying trained models in engineering applications,a method has been proposed that employs the Extract-Transf...To address the shortage of public datasets for customs X-ray images of contraband and the difficulties in deploying trained models in engineering applications,a method has been proposed that employs the Extract-Transform-Load(ETL)approach to create an X-ray dataset of contraband items.Initially,X-ray scatter image data is collected and cleaned.Using Kafka message queues and the Elasticsearch(ES)distributed search engine,the data is transmitted in real-time to cloud servers.Subsequently,contraband data is annotated using a combination of neural networks and manual methods to improve annotation efficiency and implemented mean hash algorithm for quick image retrieval.The method of integrating targets with backgrounds has enhanced the X-ray contraband image data,increasing the number of positive samples.Finally,an Airport Customs X-ray dataset(ACXray)compatible with customs business scenarios has been constructed,featuring an increased number of positive contraband samples.Experimental tests using three datasets to train the Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network(Mask R-CNN)algorithm and tested on 400 real customs images revealed that the recognition accuracy of algorithms trained with Security Inspection X-ray(SIXray)and Occluded Prohibited Items X-ray(OPIXray)decreased by 16.3%and 15.1%,respectively,while the ACXray dataset trained algorithm’s accuracy was almost unaffected.This indicates that the ACXray dataset-trained algorithm possesses strong generalization capabilities and is more suitable for customs detection scenarios.展开更多
Highly efficient isomerization of glucose to fructose is essential for valorizing cellulose fraction of biomass to valueadded chemicals.This work provided an innovative method for preparing Mg-biochar and Mg-K-biochar...Highly efficient isomerization of glucose to fructose is essential for valorizing cellulose fraction of biomass to valueadded chemicals.This work provided an innovative method for preparing Mg-biochar and Mg-K-biochar catalysts by impregnating either MgCl_(2) alone or in combination with different K compounds(Ding et al.in Bioresour Technol 341:125835,2021,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biort ech.2021.125835 and KHCO_(3))on cellulose-derived biochar,followed by hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis.Single active substance MgO existing in the _(10)Mg-C could give better catalytic effect on glucose isomerization than the synergy of MgO and KCl crystalline material present in _(10)Mg-KCl-C.But the catalytic effect of _(10)Mg-C was decreased when the basic site of MgO was overloaded.Compared to other carbon-based metal catalysts,_(10)Mg-KHCO_(3)-C with 10 wt%MgCl_(2) loading had excellent catalytic performance,which gave a higher fructose yield(36.7%)and selectivity(74.54%),and catalyzed excellent glucose conversion(53.99%)at 100℃ in 30 min.Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer and X-Ray diffraction revealed that the distribution of Mg^(Mg^(2+))and K^(+)in _(10)Mg-KHCO_(3)-C was uniform and the catalytic active substances(MgO,KCl and K_(2)CO_(3))were more than _(10)Mg-C(only MgO).The synergy effects of MgO and K_(2)CO_(3) active sites enhanced the pH of reaction system and induced H2O ionization to form considerable OH−ions,thus easily realizing a deprotonation of glucose and effectively catalyzing the isomerization of glucose.In this study,we developed a highly efficient Mg-K-biochar bimetallic catalyst for glucose isomerization and provided an efficient method for cellulose valorization.展开更多
Lignin serves as a promising Ultraviolet(UV)absorber within sunscreen industry.However,the commercial development of lignin-containing sunscreens faces challenges due to their low sun protection factor(SPF)and dark co...Lignin serves as a promising Ultraviolet(UV)absorber within sunscreen industry.However,the commercial development of lignin-containing sunscreens faces challenges due to their low sun protection factor(SPF)and dark color in cosmetics industry.In this study,dual modifications on the chemical and physical structures of lignin were conducted to address these challenges.Initially,methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol(MBBT)was grafted onto alkali lignin(AL)through an atom transfer radical polymerization reaction,resulting in a polymer of AL-graft-MBBT_(3)(AL-g-MBBT_(3)).The sunscreen prepared with 10%AL-g-MBBT_(3) displays outstand-ing sun protection performance with a SPF of 42.93 and a light color with a color difference value(ΔE)of 45.6,in contrast to 10%AL with a SPF of 4.74 and aΔE value of 49.5.Subsequently,AL-g-MBBT_(3) was transformed into normal submicron spheres(AL-g-MBBT_(3) N)and TiO_(2)-loading submicron spheres(AL-g-MBBT_(3)/TiO_(2)).The sun protection performances of 10%AL-g-MBBT_(3) N@C and AL-g-MBBT_(3)/TiO_(2)@C sunscreens obviously surpass that of AL-g-MBBT_(3)@C sunscreen,achieving SPFs of 60.38 and 66.20,respectively.Additionally,there is a considerable improve-ment in the color of these sunscreens,withΔE values of 41.8 and 36.3,respectively.These results provide valuable insights into exploring lignin’s high-value applications in sunscreen.展开更多
Lignocellulosic biomass such as plants and agricultural waste are ideal to tackle the current energy crisis and energy-related environmental issues.Carbon-rich lignin is abundant in lignocellulosic biomass,whose high-...Lignocellulosic biomass such as plants and agricultural waste are ideal to tackle the current energy crisis and energy-related environmental issues.Carbon-rich lignin is abundant in lignocellulosic biomass,whose high-value transformation and utilization has been the most urgent problem to be solved.Herein,we propose a method for the preparation of porous carbon from lignin employing an H_(3)PO_(4)-assisted hydrothermal method.We characterize the as-prepared lignin-derived porous carbon and investigate its potential for energy storage.After assisted hydrothermal treatment followed by carbonization at 800℃,the lignin-derived porous carbon displays a high specific capacitance(223.6 F·g^(–1) at 0.1 A·g^(–1))and excellent cycling ability with good capacitance retention.In this present study,the resultant lignin-derived porous carbon was used as the electrode of a supercapacitor,illustrating yet another potential high-value use for lignin,namely as a candidate for the sustainable fabrication of main supercapacitor components.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51605069).
文摘To address the shortage of public datasets for customs X-ray images of contraband and the difficulties in deploying trained models in engineering applications,a method has been proposed that employs the Extract-Transform-Load(ETL)approach to create an X-ray dataset of contraband items.Initially,X-ray scatter image data is collected and cleaned.Using Kafka message queues and the Elasticsearch(ES)distributed search engine,the data is transmitted in real-time to cloud servers.Subsequently,contraband data is annotated using a combination of neural networks and manual methods to improve annotation efficiency and implemented mean hash algorithm for quick image retrieval.The method of integrating targets with backgrounds has enhanced the X-ray contraband image data,increasing the number of positive samples.Finally,an Airport Customs X-ray dataset(ACXray)compatible with customs business scenarios has been constructed,featuring an increased number of positive contraband samples.Experimental tests using three datasets to train the Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network(Mask R-CNN)algorithm and tested on 400 real customs images revealed that the recognition accuracy of algorithms trained with Security Inspection X-ray(SIXray)and Occluded Prohibited Items X-ray(OPIXray)decreased by 16.3%and 15.1%,respectively,while the ACXray dataset trained algorithm’s accuracy was almost unaffected.This indicates that the ACXray dataset-trained algorithm possesses strong generalization capabilities and is more suitable for customs detection scenarios.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22268007)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province,China(Grant No.2021GXNSFDA196006)+3 种基金Guangxi Science and Technology Major Pro-gram(Guike AA22117013)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFE0114400)Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(Grant No.YCBZ2023020)Foundation of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp&Papermaking and Pollution Control,College of Light Industry and Food Engineering,Guangxi University(Grant No.2021KF20).AJR efforts were supported University of Tennessee,Knoxville.
文摘Highly efficient isomerization of glucose to fructose is essential for valorizing cellulose fraction of biomass to valueadded chemicals.This work provided an innovative method for preparing Mg-biochar and Mg-K-biochar catalysts by impregnating either MgCl_(2) alone or in combination with different K compounds(Ding et al.in Bioresour Technol 341:125835,2021,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biort ech.2021.125835 and KHCO_(3))on cellulose-derived biochar,followed by hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis.Single active substance MgO existing in the _(10)Mg-C could give better catalytic effect on glucose isomerization than the synergy of MgO and KCl crystalline material present in _(10)Mg-KCl-C.But the catalytic effect of _(10)Mg-C was decreased when the basic site of MgO was overloaded.Compared to other carbon-based metal catalysts,_(10)Mg-KHCO_(3)-C with 10 wt%MgCl_(2) loading had excellent catalytic performance,which gave a higher fructose yield(36.7%)and selectivity(74.54%),and catalyzed excellent glucose conversion(53.99%)at 100℃ in 30 min.Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer and X-Ray diffraction revealed that the distribution of Mg^(Mg^(2+))and K^(+)in _(10)Mg-KHCO_(3)-C was uniform and the catalytic active substances(MgO,KCl and K_(2)CO_(3))were more than _(10)Mg-C(only MgO).The synergy effects of MgO and K_(2)CO_(3) active sites enhanced the pH of reaction system and induced H2O ionization to form considerable OH−ions,thus easily realizing a deprotonation of glucose and effectively catalyzing the isomerization of glucose.In this study,we developed a highly efficient Mg-K-biochar bimetallic catalyst for glucose isomerization and provided an efficient method for cellulose valorization.
基金support for this work by Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province,China(No.2021GXNSFDA196006)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22268007+1 种基金No.21766002)Guangxi Innovation Driven Development Special Fund Project,China(No.AA17204092).
文摘Lignin serves as a promising Ultraviolet(UV)absorber within sunscreen industry.However,the commercial development of lignin-containing sunscreens faces challenges due to their low sun protection factor(SPF)and dark color in cosmetics industry.In this study,dual modifications on the chemical and physical structures of lignin were conducted to address these challenges.Initially,methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol(MBBT)was grafted onto alkali lignin(AL)through an atom transfer radical polymerization reaction,resulting in a polymer of AL-graft-MBBT_(3)(AL-g-MBBT_(3)).The sunscreen prepared with 10%AL-g-MBBT_(3) displays outstand-ing sun protection performance with a SPF of 42.93 and a light color with a color difference value(ΔE)of 45.6,in contrast to 10%AL with a SPF of 4.74 and aΔE value of 49.5.Subsequently,AL-g-MBBT_(3) was transformed into normal submicron spheres(AL-g-MBBT_(3) N)and TiO_(2)-loading submicron spheres(AL-g-MBBT_(3)/TiO_(2)).The sun protection performances of 10%AL-g-MBBT_(3) N@C and AL-g-MBBT_(3)/TiO_(2)@C sunscreens obviously surpass that of AL-g-MBBT_(3)@C sunscreen,achieving SPFs of 60.38 and 66.20,respectively.Additionally,there is a considerable improve-ment in the color of these sunscreens,withΔE values of 41.8 and 36.3,respectively.These results provide valuable insights into exploring lignin’s high-value applications in sunscreen.
基金The authors wish to express their gratitude for the financial support from the National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China(Grant No.2019M651050)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp&Papermaking and Pollution Control,College of Light Industry and Food Engineering,Guangxi University(Grant No.2019KF32).
文摘Lignocellulosic biomass such as plants and agricultural waste are ideal to tackle the current energy crisis and energy-related environmental issues.Carbon-rich lignin is abundant in lignocellulosic biomass,whose high-value transformation and utilization has been the most urgent problem to be solved.Herein,we propose a method for the preparation of porous carbon from lignin employing an H_(3)PO_(4)-assisted hydrothermal method.We characterize the as-prepared lignin-derived porous carbon and investigate its potential for energy storage.After assisted hydrothermal treatment followed by carbonization at 800℃,the lignin-derived porous carbon displays a high specific capacitance(223.6 F·g^(–1) at 0.1 A·g^(–1))and excellent cycling ability with good capacitance retention.In this present study,the resultant lignin-derived porous carbon was used as the electrode of a supercapacitor,illustrating yet another potential high-value use for lignin,namely as a candidate for the sustainable fabrication of main supercapacitor components.
