Phytopathogens can continuously cause serious losses worldwide to crop,fruit,and vegetable yields.The excessive use of conventional fungicides in pathogen management has raised severe environmental and health side eff...Phytopathogens can continuously cause serious losses worldwide to crop,fruit,and vegetable yields.The excessive use of conventional fungicides in pathogen management has raised severe environmental and health side effects and induced fungicide-resistant pathogen strains.RNA-based spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS)has emerged as an ecologically sustainable pathogen control approach.Here,we introduce the SIGS mechanism in plant pathogens,summarize the application of SIGS in controlling plant pathogens,and highlight the major considerations of SIGS.In addition,we propose the future perspectives of SIGS in crop protection and disease management.展开更多
There are numerous internet-connected devices attached to the industrial process through recent communication technologies,which enable machine-to-machine communication and the sharing of sensitive data through a new ...There are numerous internet-connected devices attached to the industrial process through recent communication technologies,which enable machine-to-machine communication and the sharing of sensitive data through a new technology called the industrial internet of things(IIoTs).Most of the suggested security mechanisms are vulnerable to several cybersecurity threats due to their reliance on cloud-based services,external trusted authorities,and centralized architectures;they have high computation and communication costs,low performance,and are exposed to a single authority of failure and bottleneck.Blockchain technology(BC)is widely adopted in the industrial sector for its valuable features in terms of decentralization,security,and scalability.In our work,we propose a decentralized,scalable,lightweight,trusted and secure private network based on blockchain technology/smart contracts for the overhead circuit breaker of the electrical power grid of the Al-Kufa/Iraq power plant as an industrial application.The proposed scheme offers a double layer of data encryption,device authentication,scalability,high performance,low power consumption,and improves the industry’s operations;provides efficient access control to the sensitive data generated by circuit breaker sensors and helps reduce power wastage.We also address data aggregation operations,which are considered challenging in electric power smart grids.We utilize a multi-chain proof of rapid authentication(McPoRA)as a consensus mechanism,which helps to enhance the computational performance and effectively improve the latency.The advanced reduced instruction set computer(RISC)machinesARMCortex-M33 microcontroller adopted in our work,is characterized by ultra-low power consumption and high performance,as well as efficiency in terms of real-time cryptographic algorithms such as the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm(ECDSA).This improves the computational execution,increases the implementation speed of the asymmetric cryptographic algorithm and provides data integrity and device authenticity at the perceptual layer.Our experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieves excellent performance,data security,real-time data processing,low power consumption(70.880 mW),and very low memory utilization(2.03%read-only memory(RAM)and 0.9%flash memory)and execution time(0.7424 s)for the cryptographic algorithm.This enables autonomous network reconfiguration on-demand and real-time data processing.展开更多
CRISPR/Cas system,originally developed as genetic editing tool,also shows great potentials for nucleotide detection.A recent study published in Molecular Cell(Freije et al.,2019)developed a Cas13a-based CARVER(Cas13-a...CRISPR/Cas system,originally developed as genetic editing tool,also shows great potentials for nucleotide detection.A recent study published in Molecular Cell(Freije et al.,2019)developed a Cas13a-based CARVER(Cas13-assisted restriction of viral expression and readout)to detect RNA viruses such as lymphocytic choriomeningitis,influenza A and vesicular stomatitis,which provided a potential expanded application for the detection of a broad range of viral nucleotides in disease diagnosis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1700700)Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project(K2023018)the Shanghai Jiaotong University Talent Foundation(No.WH221615001),and Program for Shanghai Leading Talent.
文摘Phytopathogens can continuously cause serious losses worldwide to crop,fruit,and vegetable yields.The excessive use of conventional fungicides in pathogen management has raised severe environmental and health side effects and induced fungicide-resistant pathogen strains.RNA-based spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS)has emerged as an ecologically sustainable pathogen control approach.Here,we introduce the SIGS mechanism in plant pathogens,summarize the application of SIGS in controlling plant pathogens,and highlight the major considerations of SIGS.In addition,we propose the future perspectives of SIGS in crop protection and disease management.
基金This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grand No.2021YFB2012202the Key Research Development Plan of Hubei Province of China under Grant No.2021BAA171,2021BAA038the project of Science Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality of China under Grant No.JCYJ20210324120002006 and JSGG20210802153009028.
文摘There are numerous internet-connected devices attached to the industrial process through recent communication technologies,which enable machine-to-machine communication and the sharing of sensitive data through a new technology called the industrial internet of things(IIoTs).Most of the suggested security mechanisms are vulnerable to several cybersecurity threats due to their reliance on cloud-based services,external trusted authorities,and centralized architectures;they have high computation and communication costs,low performance,and are exposed to a single authority of failure and bottleneck.Blockchain technology(BC)is widely adopted in the industrial sector for its valuable features in terms of decentralization,security,and scalability.In our work,we propose a decentralized,scalable,lightweight,trusted and secure private network based on blockchain technology/smart contracts for the overhead circuit breaker of the electrical power grid of the Al-Kufa/Iraq power plant as an industrial application.The proposed scheme offers a double layer of data encryption,device authentication,scalability,high performance,low power consumption,and improves the industry’s operations;provides efficient access control to the sensitive data generated by circuit breaker sensors and helps reduce power wastage.We also address data aggregation operations,which are considered challenging in electric power smart grids.We utilize a multi-chain proof of rapid authentication(McPoRA)as a consensus mechanism,which helps to enhance the computational performance and effectively improve the latency.The advanced reduced instruction set computer(RISC)machinesARMCortex-M33 microcontroller adopted in our work,is characterized by ultra-low power consumption and high performance,as well as efficiency in terms of real-time cryptographic algorithms such as the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm(ECDSA).This improves the computational execution,increases the implementation speed of the asymmetric cryptographic algorithm and provides data integrity and device authenticity at the perceptual layer.Our experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieves excellent performance,data security,real-time data processing,low power consumption(70.880 mW),and very low memory utilization(2.03%read-only memory(RAM)and 0.9%flash memory)and execution time(0.7424 s)for the cryptographic algorithm.This enables autonomous network reconfiguration on-demand and real-time data processing.
基金The work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0103902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31771283)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Tongji University(Grant No.22120190210)the SAAS Program for Excellent Research Team(Grant No.2017-B-07)the Shanghai Leading Talent Project(Grant No.2017067)the Shanghai Fresh Corn Technology System Project(Grant No.2017-10).
文摘CRISPR/Cas system,originally developed as genetic editing tool,also shows great potentials for nucleotide detection.A recent study published in Molecular Cell(Freije et al.,2019)developed a Cas13a-based CARVER(Cas13-assisted restriction of viral expression and readout)to detect RNA viruses such as lymphocytic choriomeningitis,influenza A and vesicular stomatitis,which provided a potential expanded application for the detection of a broad range of viral nucleotides in disease diagnosis.
