Dear Editor,Understanding patterns of species diversity is a primary research focus in macroecology,with its distribution patterns having been described and theoretically validated on a global scale(Peters et al.,2016...Dear Editor,Understanding patterns of species diversity is a primary research focus in macroecology,with its distribution patterns having been described and theoretically validated on a global scale(Peters et al.,2016;Sonne et al.,2025).Numerous studies have found that species richness of different taxa tends to decrease with increasing elevation and is modulated by latitudinal gradients(Peters et al.,2016;Dolson et al.,2024).This principle provides a crucial scientific basis for regional conservation planning.However,it still exhibits significant variations across different mountain ranges and taxa.展开更多
Dear Editor,Mountain systems have long been refuges for many species,often viewed as"islands"that promote speciation due to geographic isolation(Rahbek et al.,2019).Their high environmental heterogeneity fos...Dear Editor,Mountain systems have long been refuges for many species,often viewed as"islands"that promote speciation due to geographic isolation(Rahbek et al.,2019).Their high environmental heterogeneity fosters centers of endemism,and they harbor over 85%of global species diversity(Zhao et al.,2022).Consequently,mountains are key systems for exploring biodiversity patterns along elevational gradients,where species richness often follows four recognized models:monotonic decrease,unimodal pattern(forward and backward peak patterns),and low plateau followed by a decrease along the elevational gradient(McCain et al.,2010).展开更多
Aerogels,as competitive thermal insulating sub-stitutes,are seriously plagued by the deterioration of mechanical and insulating properties at high temperatures as well as energy-consuming drying methods.Herein,organic...Aerogels,as competitive thermal insulating sub-stitutes,are seriously plagued by the deterioration of mechanical and insulating properties at high temperatures as well as energy-consuming drying methods.Herein,organic-inorganic biomass composite aerogels with ablative properties are fabricated by a straightforward and environmentally friendly ambient-pressure-dried method,utilizing gellan gum,hollow glass microspheres,and phenolic resin.This method uses air bubbles as pore templates for constructing aerogels without additional modification or organic solvent consumption.The robust cross-linking networks formed within the aerogels significantly mitigate volume shrinkage induced by surface tension during mild drying while endowing the aerogels with a high modulus of 37.8 MPa and robust resistance to diverse rigors.Remarkably,upon exposure to high temperatures or fire,it spontaneously transforms into ceramic-like hybrid char with low volume shrinkage,continuous pore structures,and high stability.The ablative property of these aerogels enables them to maintain a high modulus of 8.22 MPa even after being treated at 900℃,while also exhibiting excellent high-temperature insulation,flame retardance,and smoke suppression.This work provides a facile and ecofriendly way for developing advanced hybrid biomass aerogels that combine high stiffness with superior thermal protection across a wide temperature range.展开更多
基金supported by the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(Grant Nos.ZK[2022]540 and[2023]099)the Survey of Amphibian and Reptile Resources in Leigongshan Nature Reserve and Literature Publishing Services(P5226002023000019).
文摘Dear Editor,Understanding patterns of species diversity is a primary research focus in macroecology,with its distribution patterns having been described and theoretically validated on a global scale(Peters et al.,2016;Sonne et al.,2025).Numerous studies have found that species richness of different taxa tends to decrease with increasing elevation and is modulated by latitudinal gradients(Peters et al.,2016;Dolson et al.,2024).This principle provides a crucial scientific basis for regional conservation planning.However,it still exhibits significant variations across different mountain ranges and taxa.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32360333)the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(Grant Nos.ZK[2022]540 and[2023]099)+1 种基金the Survey of Amphibian and Reptile Resources in Leigongshan National Nature Reserve and Literature Publishing Services(P5226002023000019)the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Talent Team Construction Project 2024[Qian Ke He Talent CXTD(2025)053].
文摘Dear Editor,Mountain systems have long been refuges for many species,often viewed as"islands"that promote speciation due to geographic isolation(Rahbek et al.,2019).Their high environmental heterogeneity fosters centers of endemism,and they harbor over 85%of global species diversity(Zhao et al.,2022).Consequently,mountains are key systems for exploring biodiversity patterns along elevational gradients,where species richness often follows four recognized models:monotonic decrease,unimodal pattern(forward and backward peak patterns),and low plateau followed by a decrease along the elevational gradient(McCain et al.,2010).
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22205184,U22A20150,and 22475177)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023NSFSC1955)+1 种基金the Hunan Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2023GK2090)the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Program Project(2022RC1079)are sincerely acknowledged.
文摘Aerogels,as competitive thermal insulating sub-stitutes,are seriously plagued by the deterioration of mechanical and insulating properties at high temperatures as well as energy-consuming drying methods.Herein,organic-inorganic biomass composite aerogels with ablative properties are fabricated by a straightforward and environmentally friendly ambient-pressure-dried method,utilizing gellan gum,hollow glass microspheres,and phenolic resin.This method uses air bubbles as pore templates for constructing aerogels without additional modification or organic solvent consumption.The robust cross-linking networks formed within the aerogels significantly mitigate volume shrinkage induced by surface tension during mild drying while endowing the aerogels with a high modulus of 37.8 MPa and robust resistance to diverse rigors.Remarkably,upon exposure to high temperatures or fire,it spontaneously transforms into ceramic-like hybrid char with low volume shrinkage,continuous pore structures,and high stability.The ablative property of these aerogels enables them to maintain a high modulus of 8.22 MPa even after being treated at 900℃,while also exhibiting excellent high-temperature insulation,flame retardance,and smoke suppression.This work provides a facile and ecofriendly way for developing advanced hybrid biomass aerogels that combine high stiffness with superior thermal protection across a wide temperature range.
